Production of Crankshafts in Factory Complete Process || Machining 6 Cylinder Engine Crankshaft

2023 ж. 15 Ақп.
1 206 806 Рет қаралды

Production of Crankshafts in Factory Complete Process || Machining 6 Cylinder Engine Crankshaft
#crankshaftmachining #machineshop #machinist #cuttingedge #pakistanitruck #amazingtechnology

Пікірлер
  • this factory belongs to a museum.

    @eelcj1@eelcj17 ай бұрын
  • Wow amazing work

    @markanthonybasibas8744@markanthonybasibas874410 ай бұрын
  • These guys are really skilled, OK this type of work is from a past era. They have the right work ethic and masses of skills. Very interesting.

    @cherrypicker8897@cherrypicker889711 ай бұрын
  • Металл видно серый мало хрома.Чугун точно не подходит для коленвала.Напрасный труд.

    @Gleb-jn7gm@Gleb-jn7gm Жыл бұрын
    • Od co najmniej 30 lat dolewa się wały korbowe do samochodów tyle że jest to robione ze specjalnych gatunków żeliw sferoidalnych i modyfikowanych. Jeśli ta wytwórnia opanowała taką technologię odlewania to czapki z głów.

      @andrzejk548@andrzejk548 Жыл бұрын
    • ​@@andrzejk548 я

      @user-ou8hi7rv1u@user-ou8hi7rv1u11 ай бұрын
  • Amazing 001👍

    @kerajinantangan9935@kerajinantangan9935 Жыл бұрын
  • Very nice work

    @forging2010@forging20106 ай бұрын
  • If CAD and CNC machines ceased to exist in the west, we'd be hard pressed to find enough skilled labour that could do this kind of work anymore

    @mattsta1964@mattsta1964 Жыл бұрын
    • Wonder what they used to mock up the cast.

      @kensmechanicalaffair@kensmechanicalaffair Жыл бұрын
    • one they got from the west.@@kensmechanicalaffair

      @jasonbirley8172@jasonbirley81727 ай бұрын
    • Wooden pattern

      @michaelheiser8238@michaelheiser82386 ай бұрын
    • What in the hell are you talking about..... how about you go learn a real skill other then keyboard wizard..... there are plenty of people that know this trade in the us

      @stretchhfab7315@stretchhfab73153 ай бұрын
  • Интересно , из чего они это лепят , если вся обработка , практически "на сухую" и все как пластилин ..

    @valentinsu7376@valentinsu7376 Жыл бұрын
  • i'm no crankshaft expert but i kind of think you should indicate with a dial indicator instead of a metal stick lol

    @5eZa@5eZa Жыл бұрын
  • Amazing work on primitive Victorian era lathes and machinery. These are talented machinists and mechanics but I'm sure there is a lot of room for improvement to bring it up to par with the rest of the world.

    @envitech02@envitech02 Жыл бұрын
    • Yea, put this "amazing" shaft on your car

      @Leo-qd7ih@Leo-qd7ih11 ай бұрын
    • تحية الإسلام : السلام عليكم .. ملاحظتك جيدة ، مشكلة باكستان هي عدم توفر رؤوس اموال كافية لبعث إستثمارات متطورة .

      @fialazoubir6902@fialazoubir69026 ай бұрын
    • Yea, it's called a caliper......

      @stretchhfab7315@stretchhfab73153 ай бұрын
  • The best place for the on/off switch on the lathe is definitely on the wall behind you.

    @vespadano1979@vespadano1979 Жыл бұрын
  • Franchement, BRAVO ! Malgré le peu de moyens dont vous disposez, vous faites un travail remarquable.

    @stanislasbaudry503@stanislasbaudry5036 ай бұрын
  • Fantastic Job! All tolerances are guaranteed less than 2 fingers.

    @horstmuller7512@horstmuller7512 Жыл бұрын
    • Oh my if it isn't another sidewalk supervisors.

      @michaelhounsell3888@michaelhounsell3888 Жыл бұрын
    • Need to use a yard stick

      @thepoopsoup@thepoopsoup Жыл бұрын
    • I think that this factory is where Ford get their crankshafts for the 7.3 Godzilla gas engine. They are blowing up left and right at around 40 thousand miles. Lol.

      @gregorylyon1004@gregorylyon1004 Жыл бұрын
    • @@gregorylyon1004 No, these crankshafts max spinning is 24 rpd (rounds per day). Never heard they made more than 2 miles.

      @horstmuller7512@horstmuller7512 Жыл бұрын
  • Those are cast crankshaft. They don't usually last very long under high abuse. Almost all decent mordem vehicles use press forged crankshaft.

    @vitor900000@vitor900000 Жыл бұрын
    • Well, there are cast cranks used still today, but they are Nodular iron (Sg) precision machined and induction heat treated to harden the bearing surfaces, but these are never used in diesel engines, only petrol engines.

      @brianlove8413@brianlove8413 Жыл бұрын
    • Hi Vitor. Are you saying that these crankshafts come out of iron casting mold, but are not reheated and cooled rapidly which would harden them? How do you know these crankshafts are not reheated and cooled quickly? Do they look a certain way and you can tell from their appearance?

      @duckbizniz663@duckbizniz66311 ай бұрын
    • @@duckbizniz663 Hardening and forging are different things. Hardening only effects the surface of the part while forging effects the whole grain structure of the part significantly increasing its strength. I can tell it was casted by the surface roughness/pitting and the parting lines 1:06.

      @vitor900000@vitor90000011 ай бұрын
    • ​@@brianlove8413there are a lot of industrial Diesel crankshafts lasting ages. Some even not hardened at all.

      @danielsch8434@danielsch843410 ай бұрын
    • @@danielsch8434 There is NO industrial diesel engines manufactured that have cast iron crankshaft, hardened or not. You will automotive petrol engines with nodular iron crankshafts, some are surfaced hardened, i.e. induction hardened at the journal. Good quality diesel engine crankshafts are nitride hardened. So, can you name any industrial diesel engines that have cast iron non hardened crankshafts? I know of medium speed diesel engine that do not have hardened crankshafts, but they are of an excellent quality forged alloy steel.

      @brianlove8413@brianlove841310 ай бұрын
  • the main journal is always in perfect straight alignment😊

    @andresanario6663@andresanario6663 Жыл бұрын
    • Yes, surprised that it already needed straightening! Relieving built in casting stress.

      @alro2434@alro24346 ай бұрын
  • Kerja yang bagus mantap selamat beraktivitas

    @kadafitehnik6158@kadafitehnik61589 ай бұрын
  • Mis felicitaciones a estos señores!! Gran actitud para el trabajo!!

    @osvaldoanibaljuanin7986@osvaldoanibaljuanin79869 ай бұрын
  • Các bạn có công cụ và máy móc gia công thủ công cực kỳ chính xác và những tay thợ lành nghề, ít người có thể làm được như các bạn, ngoài các nhà máy sản xuất động cơ. Các bạn rất giỏi I like

    @47-Nguoi.Tay.Nguyen@47-Nguoi.Tay.Nguyen Жыл бұрын
  • 70年代の日本の物作りに、何となく似ている気がします。インドだと思いますが、皆勤勉で真面目に働いています。

    @user-qv8up2bn9c@user-qv8up2bn9c2 ай бұрын
  • incredible skills!

    @veryoldtrialbiker4980@veryoldtrialbiker49804 ай бұрын
  • Балансировку увидели, осталось увидеть измерение твердости шеек.

    @user-ul2ue9eh2f@user-ul2ue9eh2f Жыл бұрын
    • Да, балансировка, закалка, ну и стружки в каналах точно не осталось.

      @homer652@homer652 Жыл бұрын
    • В мире много машин, где так де делают валы

      @pizdec-bx2uz4vw3i@pizdec-bx2uz4vw3i Жыл бұрын
    • Я тупо не пойму) Коленвал из чугуна что ли?

      @arielasub7840@arielasub78406 ай бұрын
  • Highly skilled very hard working men, much respect

    @keithrussell8778@keithrussell87788 ай бұрын
  • I can see Heath and Safety standards are a priority in this machine shop.

    @davidellis279@davidellis279 Жыл бұрын
    • don't forget the safety sandals

      @jocker621021@jocker621021 Жыл бұрын
    • It gives me goosebumps when I see people working with metal without protection, no self-preservation instinct. 😁

      @lenaisx@lenaisx Жыл бұрын
    • Then you have never been to a machine shop.... anywhere

      @stretchhfab7315@stretchhfab73153 ай бұрын
  • I have to hand it to theses guys.. they got skills

    @1gbayfisher@1gbayfisher2 ай бұрын
  • สุดยอดมาก กว่าจะสำเร็จ ฝีมือจริงๆ

    @keatisakdaroj9415@keatisakdaroj94156 ай бұрын
  • Salut super technique bravo Île de la Réunion

    @IvesYvoula@IvesYvoula11 ай бұрын
  • This guy is talented ! I love the way he eyeballs the crank into around .030" then uses a stick indicator to get even closer. All brazed tools and a perfect chip mean the best that 'OL machine can make! I'd love to see what he could do with my old XLO454.

    @jimsperlakis5634@jimsperlakis5634 Жыл бұрын
    • Cast iron always has chip control ,you never machined cast iron

      @michaelheiser8238@michaelheiser82386 ай бұрын
    • dude stopped all the laws of physics

      @user-mf6ij8ps2z@user-mf6ij8ps2z3 ай бұрын
  • 25:53 so the same crank shaft is sold under at least three different brand names?

    @poptartmcjelly7054@poptartmcjelly7054 Жыл бұрын
  • I wonder just how smooth these handmade cranks are. I am curious.

    @Pantera4u@Pantera4u5 ай бұрын
  • To me it looks like the material is too soft for a crankshaft. Forged steel would do better.

    @sebastiancostea2538@sebastiancostea2538 Жыл бұрын
    • Cast iron is fine for general purpose crankshafts

      @mattsta1964@mattsta1964 Жыл бұрын
    • Đấy là đối với bạn còn đối với công nghệ thì các kĩ sư, thậm trí cả chuyên gia người ta đã tính toán và sản xuất chúng ra ko phải là để mình phải bổ sung đâu bạn

      @TuyenNguyen-ei9nf@TuyenNguyen-ei9nf11 ай бұрын
  • *very cool) we don't do that)* 🔥🔥

    @trucks_channel_razborgruz@trucks_channel_razborgruz Жыл бұрын
    • ❤️

      @DiscoveringSkills@DiscoveringSkills Жыл бұрын
  • I have seen some crankshaft manufacturing for 6-cylinder 3.5 liter engines. The crankshafts made here a much larger, for trucks not passenger vehicles. BMW crankshaft manufacturing seem to be more automated and there seems to be more quality control which are also automated. So where would this production method fall under in terms of durability and precision of specifications. Crankshaft has to work within an engine with other parts. So would this manual production be more accurate or less accurate?

    @duckbizniz663@duckbizniz66311 ай бұрын
    • Are you really comparing a multi billion dollar company that's got 100+ years experience to someone's backyard?

      @brennanf2486@brennanf24863 ай бұрын
  • Mechanical Engineering is the fabrication and designing of metals. Auto-mobile Mechanics is the maintenance of motor vehicles.

    @luigipellegrini92@luigipellegrini923 ай бұрын
  • These guys are cranking those things out!

    @thedrivewayC3@thedrivewayC32 ай бұрын
  • Im a mechanical engineering student I watch this videos for my actual ojt shop

    @markcana2917@markcana2917 Жыл бұрын
    • Hopefully in the “what not to do” class!

      @tomrogers9467@tomrogers94673 ай бұрын
  • but still. the amount of skill these workers have is awesome

    @kevinedwards7206@kevinedwards72064 ай бұрын
  • But what alloy, 😊what heat-treat, what surface finish, nitriding? Yes, talented and well intentioned resourceful guys. True.

    @WiekingderViking@WiekingderViking5 ай бұрын
  • Oh, what a great production of "high quality" parts

    @maricmladen1982@maricmladen1982 Жыл бұрын
    • Where exactly there's a word of "high quality" other than in your comment? Why are you like that? You got to be fun at parties!

      @4ndr3w70@4ndr3w70 Жыл бұрын
  • How did they make the first piece they started with?

    @Bobby-fj8mk@Bobby-fj8mk4 ай бұрын
  • HE'S GOOD LOOKING TOO BASED ON THE THUMBNAIL PHOTO !!

    @10OZDuster@10OZDuster4 ай бұрын
  • Could only survive in low shock applications like generators or automatic gearboxes with torque converters. Nowhere near a clutch. And surface hardening of random cast iron like this is a no-no...

    @nikspanakis@nikspanakis5 ай бұрын
  • see 20:11 I also want some safety shoes like that .. where does the company buy them .. they don't supply the same model to everyone ??

    @gertkristensen6451@gertkristensen6451 Жыл бұрын
  • One word: Wow!

    @roblee2968@roblee29685 ай бұрын
  • Это же чугун😱😎 Как можно такие ответственные детали как коленчатый вал делать из чугунного литья. Я думаю это опасно.

    @user-lx5oo2ej4l@user-lx5oo2ej4l Жыл бұрын
    • Почти все жиговские колена чугунные

      @viktormanko19@viktormanko1911 ай бұрын
    • @@viktormanko19 Удивляюсь!

      @user-lx5oo2ej4l@user-lx5oo2ej4l11 ай бұрын
  • Are they suppliers for factory or for aftermarket sparepart....?

    @humaidassaidi4806@humaidassaidi48063 ай бұрын
  • Taki wał i technologia to może być dla śilników 2 tlokowych czy max 3 tłokowych. Zasada jest jedna jeśli ktoś kupi taki wał to w naszym kraju musi iść ponownie na osiowanie, wywarzanie i szlif !!! Obowiązkowo !!!. I z nominału robi się już 1 szlif przy wale nowym jeszcze nie zamontowanym. A i tak bałbym się zkładać bo to jest plastelina. Jak by spadł z małej wysokośći to by odkształcił by się. Ciekawe jakie różnice są na wysokośći korbowodów, i chyba nie mówimy o x,00 a raczej x,0 . Bo tutaj jak w chinach byle się kręciło. A wał jak pochodzi 2 lata to max. Czy mi się tylko zdawało ale tam chyba ani razu nie użyto mikrometra !!!. Te wały są do śilników gdzie są starej daty. Bardzo mało koni ,nie wysilone lub i pracujące jednostajnie na wysokich obrotach. Bo do ciągnika strach to założyć. Jak Czop główny tylko środkowy jest sprawdzany. Nawet nie przykręćili do bloku testowego i nie pokazali jak się kręći

    @piotrwaalk705@piotrwaalk7055 ай бұрын
  • Fastest caliber readers on earth 😂

    @NUNLEY_7777@NUNLEY_7777 Жыл бұрын
  • No cad CNC auto feed a real talented expert

    @boriskolnestrov9957@boriskolnestrov99574 ай бұрын
  • Good to see the workers wearing OSHA approved sandals!

    @sferg9582@sferg95825 ай бұрын
    • Health and safety took the day off.

      @clifftrader@clifftrader17 күн бұрын
  • what the hell are they doing with those lathes ..where is the gearbox ,, have they peeled it out and put it in a truck =+

    @gertkristensen6451@gertkristensen6451 Жыл бұрын
  • О точности металлообработки, особенно при сверлении, говорить не приходиться. Вряд ли у этих деталей большой срок службы.

    @user-ej9fn3vr2r@user-ej9fn3vr2r6 ай бұрын
  • I can't imagine how many of these mechanical lathes GM and Ford would have had before the CNC.

    @charleshaggard4341@charleshaggard43414 ай бұрын
  • i, too, enjoy polishing my crank

    @loginavoidence12@loginavoidence1211 ай бұрын
  • Good work

    @ramarao4690@ramarao469011 ай бұрын
  • Inheritance machining would for sure cry if he saw this.

    @howarethingsindenver@howarethingsindenver9 ай бұрын
  • Me gusta estos trabajos

    @user-tm7rz9dz6d@user-tm7rz9dz6d3 ай бұрын
  • It is the most important part of the car or machine

    @zubaidw1106@zubaidw1106 Жыл бұрын
  • Arriving at a Caterpillar factory soon!

    @greenbudkelly2820@greenbudkelly2820 Жыл бұрын
  • 4 jaw chuck and he never zero'ed out a single surface. Just adjusted it with a hammer and away he goes. I wouldn't ever pay money for one of those cranks, even if I was only going to use it as a boat anchor.

    @stevenhorne5089@stevenhorne5089 Жыл бұрын
    • This is the reality of the process for finishing a rough forged crankshaft these days. There was a time when General Motors offered an unfinished crankshaft and a machinist would spend up to 2 days getting the counter weights and journals cut concentric to one another. At some point in this video they will actually put the piece on a crankshaft grinding lathe to finish it to original specifications

      @doggfriendly@doggfriendly11 ай бұрын
  • Н - надёжность 😆, Т - точность 😂, У - уверенность 😜

    @user-yh6dr9jn4x@user-yh6dr9jn4x Жыл бұрын
    • Н - никогда не ездит на этом самому!😂

      @Mr200megaton@Mr200megaton11 ай бұрын
  • 29:25 I like how the thing is balanced by hand

    @jackdeidolci@jackdeidolci Жыл бұрын
    • Is a joke

      @nandofigueira2005@nandofigueira2005 Жыл бұрын
    • it probably spins at 2k rpm max so doesn't matter lol. An if it breaks it cost 50 dollars a new one and 20 to replace.

      @ripptorr@ripptorr Жыл бұрын
    • And no Bob weights

      @thepoopsoup@thepoopsoup Жыл бұрын
  • It is a very clean well organised shop with purpose made equipment in good condition - far better than what we normally see.

    @jackdawg4579@jackdawg4579 Жыл бұрын
    • YES t yes but there is still a long way to go .. security does not exist

      @gertkristensen6451@gertkristensen6451 Жыл бұрын
    • What country do you live in?

      @Transient901@Transient901 Жыл бұрын
    • I love these ironic comments

      @geofturner986@geofturner986 Жыл бұрын
  • Да уж, почему не напильником шейки коленвала шлифовать ещё не начали))) Кошмарный сон Японского инженера )))

    @MadFat20022002@MadFat20022002 Жыл бұрын
    • Снял с языка. Хотел об этом паписать.

      @user-jb7lv1qs5m@user-jb7lv1qs5m Жыл бұрын
  • Until the crankshaft was transferred to the grinding machine, I thought it was a pre-machining and the work would be finished with the CNC machine, then the grinding would be done.

    @mahomv9824@mahomv9824 Жыл бұрын
  • A sneak preview of what the engine will actually sound like 😅

    @carcaridon@carcaridon Жыл бұрын
  • 電動車馬達 取代 油車引擎 AI 自動化 取代 人力 之下 這技術 顯得 珍貴

    @user-qk9yd1rb5g@user-qk9yd1rb5g11 ай бұрын
  • how much weight of these crankshafts?

    @pulokashraf4866@pulokashraf48662 ай бұрын
  • the most hilarious part is the balancing of the crankshaft . all tolerances are in 2 fingers spec.

    @mirceaflorea8320@mirceaflorea83206 ай бұрын
  • nice work for caren sheft

    @cmw-d@cmw-d Жыл бұрын
  • Soll das alles so trocken bearbeitet werden?

    @benzder90er@benzder90er2 ай бұрын
  • A cast steel for a crankshaft??????????????Amazing butchery!!!!!

    @marksakowski9272@marksakowski92723 ай бұрын
  • Kills me the way they do all the machining and just throw it on the floor

    @NUNLEY_7777@NUNLEY_7777 Жыл бұрын
    • its "Drop Forging".....hahahahah

      @10OZDuster@10OZDuster Жыл бұрын
    • @@10OZDuster 😂😂

      @jharris947@jharris947 Жыл бұрын
  • Long sleeves and loose clothing: check No hearing protection: check No eye protection: check Only thing missing is children and a people wearing sandals

    @WarmPudgy@WarmPudgy5 ай бұрын
  • As long as you will not operate it in low revs ,high load,it will be fine

    @georgegeorgakopoulos5956@georgegeorgakopoulos5956 Жыл бұрын
  • Sub contractors for Ford no doubt.

    @44smithnut@44smithnut5 ай бұрын
  • OSHA would lose their minds walking through that shop.

    @transman321@transman3219 ай бұрын
  • Original part quality

    @juanmontoto@juanmontoto11 ай бұрын
    • HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA

      @RollingRoadEFI@RollingRoadEFI9 ай бұрын
  • Hierro fundido para un cigüeñal?, y eso que vida tiene?

    @flouserve@flouserve4 ай бұрын
  • Arbore din fonta?

    @stantudor8619@stantudor86195 ай бұрын
  • It's funny how every one of these videos is sped up, yet they all look like normal people working.

    @petermoto409@petermoto409 Жыл бұрын
  • Open toed sandals are a great Health and Safety restriction

    @geofturner986@geofturner986 Жыл бұрын
  • Thời nay làm cũng ăn, nhưng ăn luôn từ đầu nói toẹt ra là ăn bớt để hạ giá thành còn cạnh tranh.

    @TuyenNguyen-ei9nf@TuyenNguyen-ei9nf11 ай бұрын
  • На 0,30 в чем смысл имитации балансировки вала????? А вращающийся центр не судьба использовать? И как долго эти коленвалы ходят?

    @roshen1795@roshen179511 ай бұрын
    • в следующей серии это переломанное колено привозят на сварку ))))

      @nikolayzuzu9539@nikolayzuzu953911 ай бұрын
  • Вы супер!!!

    @den9404@den9404 Жыл бұрын
  • Is he eyeballing those cross-drillings???

    @tensevo@tensevo Жыл бұрын
  • Дааа милионник готов!

    @anatbiriukoff2099@anatbiriukoff2099 Жыл бұрын
  • Окупает ли данный коленвал затраченную на него электроэнергию???

    @SergeiValerich@SergeiValerich Жыл бұрын
    • Полагаю у них ситуация -за не имением прачки любим дворника!

      @user-wg9eu3pg4j@user-wg9eu3pg4j Жыл бұрын
  • Considering the equipment and time given to them the 4 people on the lathes and the old fella doing the balancing did pretty well. Ive yet to see a torque wrench or new oil used on an engine rebuild in Pakistan, they just use smaller or bigger people to tighten bolts down to spec lol It's probably the same people that make the bearings so its all good lol

    @neilsimpson79@neilsimpson7910 ай бұрын
  • OLÁ. Vos informo que a mais de 50 anos passados já existia "balanceamento ESTÁTICO e DINÂMICO" . VOSSO sistema e sequencia de usinagem por vezes está invertido. Desempenar o eixo já acabado na prensa somente se for no mês de Maio. (UMA BAITA "MAITAÇÃO"). ABRAÇOS Roberto Udo Krapf

    @robertoudokrapf453@robertoudokrapf4535 ай бұрын
  • Trabalho muito bonito. Quantas horas de serviço tem para usinar uma peça destas. Estão de parabéns. Tem minha admiração.

    @ricardoveronese5806@ricardoveronese58066 ай бұрын
    • Pues pocas ,porque es de fundición gris, cuando los cigüeñales se hacen de acero forjado.

      @flouserve@flouserve4 ай бұрын
  • If you want avoid fatal engine damage, never use pako-tec components! Here the correct use is only for pedestals for mailboxes and flower vases.

    @horstmuller7512@horstmuller7512 Жыл бұрын
  • Are those crankshafts made of cast-iron?

    @markmilam3152@markmilam3152 Жыл бұрын
    • Yep

      @mattsta1964@mattsta1964 Жыл бұрын
    • @Will he heck as like Ductile cast iron is a very commonly used material for crankshafts, not just in India, everywhere. Most OEM crankshafts in general purpose engines are ductile cast iron with cast steel and forged steels being used only for higher performance engines.

      @mattsta1964@mattsta1964 Жыл бұрын
    • ​@@willheheckaslike8315всегда можно просто сделать коленвал толще)

      @azanudniy@azanudniy Жыл бұрын
    • ​@@mattsta1964this small factory is located in Pakistan not in India.

      @raufjaleel8317@raufjaleel831710 ай бұрын
  • That's some precision work

    @epolanowskirn@epolanowskirn Жыл бұрын
  • Эти ребята должны уже реактивный двигатель самолета выточить, не меньше!

    @Victor-ij8rf@Victor-ij8rf Жыл бұрын
  • К чёрту закалку шеек. Через неделю за новым приедет

    @user-sl8fd5gv1y@user-sl8fd5gv1y Жыл бұрын
    • Скорее прибежит, чем приедет :)

      @2imnai@2imnai11 ай бұрын
  • Actually we use grinding Mac not lathe machine

    @zaitonlon7122@zaitonlon7122Ай бұрын
  • High tech factory

    @iloveslideking@iloveslideking4 ай бұрын
  • Indicator? Never heard of her

    @erwinkrolop8731@erwinkrolop8731Ай бұрын
  • Конец 18го века !

    @user-no3ou7tl3h@user-no3ou7tl3h6 ай бұрын
  • Các bạn có tay nghề rất cao.nhưng phương pháp gia công nhưng chi tiết này khó có độ bền và tuổi thọ cao vì tỷ lệ sai số chỉ ở mức phần trăm .

    @butong-ongbut457@butong-ongbut457 Жыл бұрын
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