HOW would you determine the wind FROM THE AIR? Explained by CAPTAIN JOE
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00:00 Introduction
00:50 Wind on Unicom
02:18 Nearby airports
03:03 Cows show the wind direction
04:04 Gras fields
04:30 Lakes and Ponds
05:04 Windsurfers and sailboats
05:44 Windturbines and Windmills
06:15 Blown up dust
06:39 Flags
06:53 Chimney smoke
07:38 Repetitive wind cycles
08:40 What about wind on departure?
09:02 Outro
The first and the most important thing to remember: wind direction is always determined by where the wind is blowing FROM, not where it is blowing towards.
The directions of the wind is determined at the geographical system of coordinates invented by man back in the day. It is also called "cardinal directions" or "cardinal points" and similar.
It is interesting that in the Ancient Greece, the cardinal directions were also identified by the different winds. They were Boreas from the north, Notos from the south, Eurus from the east, and Zephyrus from the west. They are also known as the "Classical compass winds". Therefore, the concept of wind direction is very closely related to the concept of wind rose.
The wind rose is a graph that shows the prevailing wind direction and wind speed at some particular location according to statistics from many years of meteorological observations (also knows as weather history). So the concept of wind rose is used often precisely in meteorology.
Another word that says the same thing is "compass," a device for determining cardinal directions you know probably from your Scout days.
Thank you very much for your time! I hope you enjoy this video!
Wishing you all the best!
Your "Captain" Joe
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This kind of videos is very useful because it teaches the pilots not to be rigid and deal with the environment
For anyone considering, I can say Joe’s book has genuinely helped me a lot. And anyone who isn’t already considering, you should get it too
Thanks , just ordered !
Thanks buddy! Really appreciate your kind words!
Bought it a month ago, truly inspiring
Does your book exists in french?
@@flywithcaptainjoehey first officer, remember that video about ups you did a few months ago? Did you know you were wrong?
A little over a week ago I saw a large plane flying over when I was walking out of school. Turns out it was a Cargolux 747. It’s not often that a 747 flies over the area where I live, and seeing the Queen of the skies after a long day of school made my day.
If you have a GPS device which gives you the ground speed, you can compare this to your IAS and voilà you’ve got your wind direction and speed. Keep in mind that the wind at altitude might differs from surface wind. Usually it turns about 30 degree to the right up to 3000ft AGL.
Be careful with this at high altitude airports, you technically need TAS, not IAS.
@@JacobDlougach Thanks for your comment. As a rule of thumb you can add 2% to your IAS for every 1000ft altitude. Then you get your TAS. And take temperature into account. But you don’t need it. If you fly with 100% tailwind (=max(GS-IAS)) you just remember GS, turn 180° and fly with 100% headwind. Now you have a look at your GS again. Wind speed is half the difference between the two ground speeds. Nevertheless you can determine wind direction without doing the math.
Hello, retired ATP-RW here, you did not mention to watch a bird land or take-off, they too prefer to take off into wind. If your IMC, use a VOR or ADF if available, to determine drift. Besides, in pre GPS days I was always aware during the entire flight where the wind was from for instantaneous auto-rotation decisions. Heck now a days, your GPS will display it.
When you need to land in a field with cows or horses nearby, you may notice on a windy day that they stand with their backsides toward the wind.
Thank you Joe for these amazing videos! Keep up the good work!
Not just a surfer but even knowing how to canoe is very useful information on wind correct,yaw angle,WCA, crabbing .good stuff Captain! Or keep some blades of grass to throw ....
5:05 As a sailor, I'm slightly offended. It's true that surfers and some sailboats prefer to sail perpendicular to the wind direction, but you'll see them sail in any direction except straight into the wind. Sailboat masts roughly point downwind and surfers lean roughly upwind The thing is, sailing as a sport is a tactical game about getting upwind and downwind. Therefor, you need to know why they do what they do to be able to understand any further nuance. Even many people driving motorboats don't understand sailboats and try to cut in front, whereas they could just change their course often without having to slow down There're a lot of ways to spot the wind direction, but you need a lot of nuance and I think you should take the time to sit down and observe the following phenomena: 1. Shores, trees and buildings will cast a wind shadow on the windward side as said in the video. 2. In medium or high winds, dark patches of ripples will move downwind. 3. In high winds, light lines or even white lines of bubbles will form alongside the wind direction due to the air leaving the boundary layer over the water. 4. Like your wing chord, the chord of a sail is always at the optimal angle of attack. Sailboats going upwind will keep the close hauled, while going downwind requires them to be out to the side. 5. Surfers like perpendicular angles to the wind and lean into it. 6. Sailboats like any course as long as it isn't straight upwind, and downwind isn't great either. If you see a sailboat almost standing still compared to the others, it's either close to sailing into the wind or sailing straight downwind. The mast of a sailboat will point roughtly downwind One final thing: there's no such thing as a sailing licence or something. There's diplomas, but people who just got them still suck at sailing. They generally get where they want to go in the end, but regatta sailors get there in almost literally half the time ...but if there's one thing you don't learn at inshore sailing class, it's course correction
Great reminder of natural and mechanical options available to a pilot during emergencies as well. The cows was something of interest. Trees, grass fields, corn fields are definitely understated. Great video.
I can add: you G1000 calculates the wind and it is also a good indicator when you already fly low. Also you can see your correction angle and when you make turns of roughly 90 degrees you will be able compile a good picture where the wind is coming from. Basically that is how the GPS is calculating it. You can also time from one visual point to anouther that you have on your map and determine your groundspeed and calculate it from there with you speed indicator ...
Thx for lighting up some wind determination aspects.
While looking for sail boats from the airplane bare in mind that sails are triangular so they can "swing" around the mast and navigate with almost any wind direction. (Anything more than 30 deg from the bow is good) A better tip would be to look for boats at anchor as generally they face the wind.
Every boat I've ever been on at anchor bows to the wind. I'd be scared if the stern was about the wind.
@@edfleming9600 A friend of mine does that, when it's low wind and with a lot of waves perpendicular to the wind. With a lighter ancor atached to the winch it is possible to put the bow facing the waves to reduce the rolling action.
@@edfleming9600 Hi, In a river, large or small, the water current may overcome the wind depending on how much free-board there is on the boat.
I do learn something new, thank you, Joe.
Interesting tips. Adding to my notes.
I have a vintage flying training book for Royal Air Force trainee pilots from the 1920’s. As well as lovely line drawings explaining how to tie down the biplanes of the era (a Bristol Fighter), it suggests using chimney smoke to determine wind direction. It helpfully points out NOT to use smoke from trains!
I love your videos. I learn a lot. I never knew cows would weather vane into the wind.
Skydiver here, and private pilot: there is an alternate way, though it is not 100% accurate. Watch for cloud shadows. You can pick a reference and follow the edge of a shadow for a few seconds. Obviously that will give you the wind at whatever altitude the clouds are, but if they are low (below 2k AGL), it should be pretty representative of what's happening on the ground.
"into the garden of your neighbor" 🤣🤣🤣so funny Joey! I'm ready for some one minute debriefs! 💙
I got my PPL while training at an airport that was adjacent to a large lake. I learned to read the winds by referencing the water even more than the wind sock. It just became 2nd nature.
Dear joy More clever way to know wind : 1) stay in same alt and engine power, fly circle 360 deg and monitor fly pito presure . Let say in 30 deg you get 150 nots , and in 210 deg you get 250 nots. The plain at true ground speed of 150 nots In mean you have wind 50 nots from 30 deg
❤🎉😂,o zi frumoasa si binecuvântată sa ai joe!!!!
The old barnstormers' trick was tossing the grass in the air. Lindbergh said he could tell where his wheels would touch down when he did this. Good video.
Thank you, greetings from Malaysia. I learnt something new. I don't drive any air craft. I only buy AIR ticket to fly.
You can also fly parallel with and count how long you need to fly the lenght of runway (in both directions) (Longer time=headwind) (Shorter time=back(tail) wind)🙃
As a former helicopter pilot I was quite used to determine the wind just looking around in the countryside but I must confess I didn't know about the cows tip. That's great! Tip n°1: smoke, yes but not only from industrial facilities, just houses with chimney fire as well. Best regards
I did not know cows facing the direction of the wind! Thanks for sharing this tribal knownedge!
Hi Captain Joe can you upload many videos are related to air traffic control and airspace and air craft land and aircraft communication and identification of aircraft
I fly to Pahokee all the time!!! Wow incredible!
hi joe it would be really helpfull if you made a vidio about how to pay for flight traning
If you don't have the funds to pay for it, don't start until you do. It's too expensive to take a lesson, then have to wait a few weeks to take another one while you work and earn the funds. You'll forget a lot of what was covered on the previous lesson and have to waste valuable training time covering previous lessons. You're also opening yourself up to beginning, then getting frustrated and then quitting.
Hi Joe, talking about flight school, I request you to make a video about how you became a pilot and the best or most suitable route you would advise a younger person to take to become a pilot like step by step for example what or where to go after high school and things of that kind.
You could also fly full circles somewhat near the ground, memorize a point below the plane and look in which direction you drift away from that point as you get "blown" away by the wind. Not sure how good that works with somewhat faster planes, but it is good for slow(er) gliders. Happy that you mentioned the cows, learned about that in paragliding school, but that trick only works well on flat meadows in the valley, not on the steeper ones in the mountains. (And did you know that cows can get pretty nosy and try to "inspect" (or eat?) you paraglider? Me neither, until I hat to scare away one that got to near to my wing.)
Great tips. My understanding is that "perpendicular", not "prependicular", is the word for lines crossing at right angles to each other. The latter is typically a misspelling of the former. I'm open to correction. I like the cow tip.
First, or 10th tip; I was trained different. I would have called "Bend unicomm Lancair xx bravo alpha turning final 36 at 2 miles (I don't remember heading numbers for the strip, but I'm close). Then I would ask for any pertinent updates. There is usually someone at the, or an fbo there on freq. I've never been in controlled airspace though.
This guy is really really good.
03:03 - As a paragliding pilot flying mostly in the northern alps I absolutely have to try this. If that‘s true it would be very helpfull for toplandings!
Depends on the angle of the ground you want to land on. If the wind is completely uphill the cows would not face downhill all the time. If it is a plateau it might as well work. But I would not want to land between free roaming cows in the alps, these animals can get wild and angry. I would prefer flying above the area and look in which direction I go faster or if I move sideways, much more reliable. And, if it is a regular flying spot someone will have installed some wind indicators, sticks with a bands on it are most often used.
🚧🚧Outstanding informative video Sir Cheers 🍻🍻🚧🚧
Hey captain Joe please make a KZhead on your pilot career how you got into it and what your onto right now. Lots of love from botswana 💙🇧🇼
Oh quero esse livro
You must be pranking about the cows 😂😂😂
can u do EGPWS? thx for the very informative videos
Amaizing My.captain av learned something
Flying two courses 90 degrees apart and checking GPS ground speed vs indicated airspeed can help too. Where roads are straight and follow N/S E/W directions, you can fly along those and see which way the wind is pushing you. Of course, that's winds aloft and not the wind on the ground though ;)
Good tips I also use if you have GS vs IAS comparison to confirm my observations crab or drift angles also helps but funny story of the cows and hopefully the fences are intact pretty hazards wind indicators if found on your runway 🤣
If you have GS then you prolly dont need to look at cows because your avionics doing math for you...
@@steelpl also true hey. But always good dusting off old school techniques from flight school. As my instructor always said if you have the resources use them.
Be careful with this at high altitude airports, you technically need TAS, not IAS.
As a student glider pilot, this is very helpful 👍
Many many years ago, I worked for a company that was building a skyscraper for BankBoston. The location was near the coast, but also had many other skyscrapers around it, none blocking the view to the coast I may add. Thing is, the architect studio wanted to add a fountain with programmed displays - or shows - of water moving up and down or whatever. The day, oh my, they plugged that damn computer controlled (we're talking Win2k here) fountain, execs got bukkaked. Nobody thought about the wind tunnels forming there (with alll the surrounding skyscrapers right next to the coastline) .Nobody threw a blade of grass, nobody used a wind sock or anemometer or cow grazing on site before installing the whole shabang... nothing. Everyone followed blindly the fancies of an arch. studio 9k km away. Nice. Thing is, wind is a whimsy mofo. Got to respect him for that. Love to see you back Captain.
Hey Joe, I'm currently in Grade 9 and I'm really looking forward to commercial pilot as a career... What topics do you think I should give a little more attention to? I would live to hear advice from you!
second, good version captain
Can you please ship to Australia? Really looking forward to read it!
Lindo como sempre
The "Cow" tip is the best I didn't know yet !
If you're in a low speed aircraft, you can fly a series of 360's and see where you drift. Remembering that the wind at ground level can be different to wind at pattern level.
Hey my captain very very useful video and I hope your checklist to be blue just like A320 ECAM😅
As a paragliding pilot the tip with the cows is new and funny for me. On a paraglider you can predict the windspeed and direction with the ground speed shown on the GPS.
Also the direction into which large birds land, trees in stronger winds & clotheslines.
Very nice video Joe, yet the Cessna can land the runway and make the wind face the direction itself and the lakes can make wind gust wavey. I had a question, what is the most popular of Cessna aircraft can handle the wind? Overall, these videos are amazing and that consider these aviation facts.
Video-idea: Is there anything you would like ground crew to do diffirently than they do?
Great video captain Joe! As an aside its worth noting that more often than not horses will have their bums into the wind, so dont mistake a horse for a cow on a windy day lol
Hey I love your videos. I’m wanting to become a pilot. By any change could you make a video on how to talk to ATC
Bro that is faker then your mum
The information about the cows has really surprised me hahaha.
Maybe a stupid question, but wouldn't an app on the phone work just as well as look at cows? Some seem quite accurate, and the pilot mostly needs a rough direction of the wind, doesn't really matter if the information is 2° off, does it?
Using the phone and getting info isn't a piloting technique. As in if you have that option, of course use it. Because it will give you good information. But that doesn't mean that you are dependent on it. (Another good example of the same is autopilot. If you have it, use it well. But that doesn't mean become dependent on autopilot to fly the plane)
How about poor signal. It is good to have other options and don’t relay on one factor.
Hi Joe I'm not a pilot just an Aviation fan was just wondering in a light plane could you feel wind direction in your flight controls as you turned into a head wind or tail wind ,just curious ,enjoy your video,s and shorts Kym Adelaide
Yes, you do, but only with your eyes outside comparing the expected flightpath with the actual.
The cows and the smell is my favourite! (but I fly Sim 😞)
But never try a vertical over the "smoke NDB" !
Sir your books kindle edition is unavailable on the amazon from last 4 to 5 months. Plz take a look at this.
My airfield is beside the sea, and frequently big boats are anchored near the cost. Their bow will always point into the wind
Is prepandicular the same as perpendicular?
Or just use Windy😉
The wind sock looked like my Dads socks. Cheers for the lesson!
Good to see you back. We have lots of corn here in Texas as well as cattle. It was awesome to see the Texas flag flying in your video.
Just be careful you are not in the middle of an anti-cyclone. Whilst in the middle of the Humber Estuary (UK) no matter which direction I looked the smoke from the surrounding chimneys was blowing to the left. And we had no wind in the sails!
Me: Anyone on approach who can tell me the wind direction? Random dude: Roger, looking for cows.
Good one on the Cows LOL
I'd be wary of the cattle one and definitely wouldn't use sheep as an indicator as all they are worried about is food, sleep and depending on the time of the year sex. But cattle are inquisitive and so even if it isn't in their field they may stand and watch something you might not see or notice be it a wild animal, someone walking or working or they have heard a vehicle coming to give them some food or a treat.
Boa tarde captain joe
You can sometimes watch the shadows of the clouds move across the ground
Mrs. Waffles (my cow) would like to apply for crew membership. Would you provide an application form?
Hi captian l wish l will be a doctor Iam egyptain but the study and money very difficult I wish l see you and you connect with me Really you are a gentel man
As a sailer using a sailboat as indicator is not so good as it can sail in almost all winddirections exept a 45° angle in to the wind (wind form nose to the back of the boat)
❤️❤️❤️
I thought reporting position on an uncontrolled airport was through the CTAF frequency, not UNICOM??
Does your book exists in french?
Assuming the plane ahead has the same issues you do , worth asking them if they got it right before using the same runway 🤣 Worth noting that while all big commercial wind turbines face into the wind, some of the smaller ones found on farms etc can have a downwind configuration - they vary in shape and size, so you need to be wary.
I bought the book😊😏
Thanks Sophia!!
Good list 👍 Didn't know about the cows. Does it work with sheep too? As we have lots of them on the dikes. 😁 But I would like to add one more indicator: Your own airplane! If you get sideways in the wind, you can observe how and how much you are pushed off course. An airplane always wants to point its nose into the wind … almost like a cow ey? 😁
The cows part had me laughing because i never knew that pilots use cows as a reference to wind direction
that's easier with a paraglider. I'll fly a quick circle and check in which direction the ground moves faster ;)
Are unicom and ctaf the same thing?
No, although the CTAF frequency _may_ be the UNICOM frequency. In general, at an airport with a part-time control tower, CTAF is the tower frequency when the tower is closed. At an uncontrolled field with UNICOM, CTAF is the UNICOM frequency. At uncontrolled fields without UNICOM, CTAF is another specified frequency, usually MULTICOM. The CTAF frequency is indicated on the sectional chart with a highlighted letter "C" and is listed in the Chart Supplement. If you're flying into a private field without a published CTAF frequency, make your announcements on 122.9.
Anyone knows where can I find the reference(AFH,PHAK,ETC) for this video?
Not sure if this has been asked, how to check wind direction if visibility is poor or in the night ?
Then you use the aerodrome weather services (eg ATIS, AWIB or any other frequency) Because if the visibility is poor, you can't fly VFR in the first place
One drawback of uncontrolled airports, Pilots are "supposed" to report their position not all do. I just went flying form our local uncontrolled airport, one pilot in the pattern never said anything on the radio.
Caution: in very windy conditions, some wind turbines might deliberately point a good way off the direction of the wind, to stay within their operating limits. Hopefully, in such strong winds there will be other ways to determine wind direction... but it's worth keeping in mind that turbines aren't always reliable.
Or one can chose an IAS and fly parallell to the runway outside the circuit @1000ft in both directions, then compare which direction has the fastest ground speed. Then you know that you should chose to land in the direction of the lowest ground speed... ;)
Listen to Bob Dylan because "The Answer My Friend Is Blowing In The Wind".
TIL cows and windmills have the same grazing patterns
why didnt you stay as a captain when u fly 747, u were a captain on a 320 right before ?..i have friend, he was captain on 737, and still a captain when he moved to a 330..can u explain about this, thanks
As a Texan I'm ashamed to admit I didn't know the one about the cattle. I guess that makes me "all hat and no cattle" as the saying goes.
When will you be captain 4rank
And if you're flying high enough to be safe, how will you be able to see stuff like flags, the bending of foliage, and cows?
All these tips are tips,... as to whether necessary or relavant for landing in a scenario where the plane has to land all these irrelevant... for airports with no atc, well there maybe a helpful tip but not something to ponder on lol... going around is always an option n if it's an engine out scenario in the wind or out of wind is no point..is just put the iron bird down in the most lifesaving way lol
That was a video for kids who grew up only behind the playstation or/and in big cities with concrete charm