Let's reproduce the calculations from Interstellar
Is the movie Interstellar realistic? Can we reproduce the black hole simulations? What would it look like to travel through a wormhole? All these answers in 26 minutes!
0:00 - Introduction
1:46 - The journey
2:52 - The Endurance
4:33 - Simulating a wormhole
7:48 - Miller's planet
8:39 - Kilometer high waves
10:40 - Time dilation
12:12 - Simulating a black hole
15:49 - Professor Brand's model
18:44 - Singularities
20:19 - The Tesseract
22:28 - The Cooper station
24:56 - Conclusion
This video is narrated by Octave Masson.
For more videos, subscribe to the KZhead channel : / scienceclicen
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Alessandro Roussel,
For more info: www.alessandroroussel.com/en
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ScienceClic Français : / scienceclic
ScienceClic Español : / scienceclices
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I hope you enjoy this long video, it took a long time to make but I'm pretty happy with how the simulations turned out! If you'd like to take a look at the codes for the simulations (those shown at 5:56 and 13:35), a basic version of each is available on my shadertoy page : www.shadertoy.com/user/aroussel Several people were also wondering about the first calculation if it was okay to estimate the distance to travel by a straight line : while it is definitely not a realistic trajectory, it is still good for yielding a quick order of magnitude. I wanted to start the video with a very simple calculation, similar to the rough estimates that are used in astrophysics. For those interested in the full calculation, in reality the trajectory would more likely resemble a half-ellipse (see Hohmann transfer), which would be quite excentric due to how far Saturn is from the Sun, and would therefore look pretty similar to a straight line. If we calculate the exact length of this half-ellipse in the heliocentric frame we get 2 billion km, which is 35% off from the result using the straight line. It is of course quite off if we want a precise result, but it is okay in this context since we only wanted to check whether or not the speed of the ship was absurd and unrealistic.
I don’t understand how that wasn’t covered by fair use…
@@altortugas5979 it may be - but in the end it is covered by automatic claiming bots and greed.
I understand. I expect that this resolves it. Educational content like yours are extremelly important for people get the amaze science could give us, also the graphics are awesome!
what a perfect reason to watch it again!
@@altortugas5979My understanding is that it probably was, it just got auto-flagged by an algorithm and unfortunately it's generally easier (and a lot faster) to just edit the video and reupload it than it is to get it cleared by someone manually.
Commenting for algorithm. Shame about the copyright claim but hope this re-upload will still reach as many people as possible, because the visualisations and the way you guide the viewers through the problems is simply sublime.
Thanks a lot!
And replying for the algorithm here!
❤❤
So Do I
@@ScienceClicEN frrr
This is the most insane video I've seen on this platform. The amount of calculations, accurate simulations - and the simplicity in presentation is phenomenal.
It's almost too good. We don't deserve this content.
@@NeroDefogger I’ve gotta be honest with you, your comment comes off as rather “cranky.” It’s hard to read, rather imprecise, and reads like a rant. What credentials/education/training do you have as an astronomer, physicist, mathematician, or cosmologist?
Very true. This kind of presentation and knowledge density is something that I have only seen with Veritasium. This channel deserves a spot at the top
Sucks about the copyright, this video was really well made and interesting to contrast interstellar physics vs more accurate calculations.
Thanks 🙏
@@NeroDefoggeryou good bud?
@@NeroDefogger do you realize you speak like crazy people?
@@MC-mx1mt bless his heart he was hoping it was 1 hour for 7 years
@@NeroDefogger This is the formula for time dilation of a circular orbit around a static black hole. It diverges at 1.5x the Schwarzschild radius because that is where lies the photon sphere, under which there cannot be any more circular orbits. Here's the proof of this formula: the Schwarzschild metric (in 2 spatial dimensions, setting Rs=c=1) is ds² = -dt²(1-1/r) + dr²/(1-1/r) + r²dφ². For a circular orbit, dr/dτ=0. We therefore have -1 = -(dt/dτ)²(1-1/r)+r²(dφ/dτ)². Using Euler-Lagrange equation for the r coordinate yields : 0 = -(dt/dτ)²/r² + 2r(dφ/dτ)², which tells us that (dφ/dτ) = (dt/dτ)/√(2r³). Using this we get the equality : 1 = (dt/dτ)²(1-3/2r), or finally : dt/dτ = 1/√(1-3/2r)
When Veritasium talked about light cones I immediately thought of you and I was pleasantly surprised to see you on that video! This channel is a gift of easy to understand education and this video was nothing but breathtaking
🙏
Haha me to!
Hahah same here!
@@ScienceClicEN honestly i thought “Vertasium just stealing content now.” Then once he acknowledged you i was much more pleased with the video
:D!!
The amount of work you put into making this video is phenomenal. The visuals too were absolutely fantastic. A small gesture of appreciation for all the effort gone in making this masterpiece.
As someone doing his PhD on black holes, I really love your videos. They are really great in helping visualise things. I also love that your videos don't compromise on the actual physics.
Thanks a lot 🙏
You just might be the kind of person who would like to answer these questions. I'd like to ask... Supposing there were 6 additional spacial dimentions beyond our known 3 as string theory suggest, and let's suppose those were uncurled up. What formula would you use to determin the radius of a blackhole's event horizon with a given mass in 9 spacial dimentions. Wouldn't the strength of gravity disipate by 1/(radius^8)? Would the higher dimentional black hole not create intense tidal forces that may quickly hawking radiation evaporate even very immense sized black holes? Would you care to speculate if a period of time of universe expansion in 9 spacial dimentions, and later 6 curl up, could result in the smoothness of the universe that we currently attribute to inflation?
Leaving the comments so i would get to know the answers too😅
@@_RonakJanghidSame, I would love to know the answers.
😵
Cant believe you had to fly through a wormhole to film that blackhole. Excellent work!
Isn’t it so great how far people will go for us, it brings a tear to any man’s eye. Except for this one, because mine got fried when I attempted to film a Black Hole
I'm doing a PhD in this field, and I aspire to have your communication skills and physics knowledge. And wow the simulations and calculations are breathtaking. You are an inspiration to myself and many others, thanks!
May I ask what you are doing exactly? I am finishing my masters in Theoretical Physics also and took a course in GR, which was incredible. We touched on black holes at the end, but sadly only the Schwarzschild type. Now I am starting on my thesis on scalar induced gravitational waves!
@@KevinS47 That's awesome to hear! Yea going past the Schwarzschild solution is def a bit hardcore. I do graviton and particle spectra using the AdS-CFT correspondence and Supergravity (low energy approximation of M-theory). Very cool stuff!
@@uhbayhue That is cool! Certainly harder than GR. I have a friend who's doing something very similar at CERN with AdS-CFT! I don't think I'd be able to get into string theory myself, it's a tad too much ^^ Thanks for sharing!
@@KevinS47 Ofc, and I didn't know they played around with holography at CERN, very interesting. Imo, all this stuff looks impossibly difficult on the surface, but you get the hang of it as you continue to learn and practice more and more. I'm sure I'd look at your research and be completely lost. It just takes some hard work and a lot of patience to get into any of these research fields.
That’s super cool! I’m a physics major and want to pursue a phD and study nuclear physics but I sometimes get discouraged with how difficult things can be. Do you ever feel the same way?
Literally, this is the most underrated channel on the internet. i just rewatched the reupload :D
🙏
In the internet where stupid fake science run rampant, you're one of the few who actually put in the work and educate viewers. Kudos, subscribed!
2014???? It's already a decade ago??
That’s how math works yup 2024-2014=10
2014 is basically just 2024 but some stuff are not existent
On Miller's planet, only 80-85 minutes would have passed.
No. Some other-dimensional being bumped a hyper-icosahedron into our bane. The movie will release Christmas 2025.
@@JimStyslinger-hq9sq Yea but that would not be Hollywood like.
Glad to watch it again. I gotta say, nolan should have kept the black hole (and trinity test in Oppenheimer) as realistic as possible
Honestly he did even better than that. He portrayed almost exactly what it would look like 4 years before we even got a picture of it
Keep in mind it was a simulation of a black hole 4 years before an actual photograph of an actual black hole was taken, and the properties and phenomena of which have been revised subsequently. It is really impressive I must say.
Still I believe, he should've shown the Doppler effect which darkens the accretion disk.
The trinity test was so lame. I watched this whole movie waiting for this moment and you used some tnt? Was legit a moment when cgi would have been better.
@@TristanCleveland nah, imagine having such a terrible take like this
If I am to trust the "uploaded x hours ago", then this video was literally uploaded within 30 mins of me finishing watching Interstellar. Timing literally couldn't've been better lol
Same thing here, just finished the movie for the first time, went to KZhead for more answers and boom, first video on my recommended lol. My phone is either blatantly spying on me, or I'm stuck in the tesseract rn 😂
I never watched the movie but everybody else in the Physics community seems to have watched it, so maybe I should "give it a chance"? 😃
@@User-jr7vf it's great! I thought it was cheesy as hell in the first hour or so but they get you hooked in around halfway thru
This video should be part of Interstellar extras, despite copyright violation . Excellent job!
The visuals of blackhole with higher temperature took my breath. So beautiful. Thinking about percieving not an object in space, but an event in time (as said in Veritasium video) with such breathtaking visuals is something beyond comprehension yet somehow poethic.
I love how lovecraftian black holes are. I know it's a cliche to call them that way, and they are not really "beyond human comprehension". But there's still something so eldritch about them, not necessarily in a scary way. They feel like something completely outside of this reality, like visitors from another world. I wonder sometimes if there are other similar exotic objects in the universe out there. I really only know about neutron stars and black holes, there are a bunch of speculative objects but they're not as likely to exist. I really hope that in the next decades we just continue discovering more absolutely mind-blowing objects in the universe.
@@qwertydavid8070 I recently saw a video with real images of the objects in universe for example sobrero galaxy. With real I mean without additional colouring. Just pure human spectre light from regular telescope. If you remove the beautiful colours, the objects appear dull and kind of scary, very alien. Not just black holes, but other objects in universe could have that "lovecraftian vibe". :)
@@marekpavlusek2495 Oh certainly, I've seen pictures like that before. I kinda hate how heavily NASA edits their images, I do get why do they do it though. But humans can't see in infrared or ultraviolet, so most space objects don't really look that colorful and vibrant lol. I was more talking about other exotic objects in the universe though. Like, imagine if one day we find a toroidal planet or stuff of the like. I just want to see more objects that push the laws of physics to their limits like black holes do.
Well (same as last time) I'm glad I watched a commentary review about the realness of the visuals of a popular space movie. Good work.
Thanks 🙏
Criminal that this doesn't have more views when channels like Veritasium show that people enjoy physics content. KZhead sort out you're algorithm!!! Amazing as always!
This is a true masterpiece, just like the movie itself! Would you be willing to share the black hole simulation codes?
This video is incredibly underrated. It's one of the most remarkable ones I've ever come across on KZhead. The script, editing, and dedication displayed in it are simply enviable.
I read the book Science of Interstellar a long while ago when it came out, and wow!! I'm amazed with the animations in this video!
Thanks !
I love that book! And it’s really cool to see the more realistic visualizations in this video too. I also love that Interstellar was the first time a black hole was simulated in HD. They also had a room full of computers calculating and creating each frame, and even with that it took a long time to create the shots of gargantua. While some of the things in the movie are a stretch (and a handful unrealistic), I appreciate how they made the move as close to plausible as possible (and I also get why and appreciate that they didn’t display gargantua realistically - it’s already a lot to take in)
Cooper's Station is by far the most unbelievable part of this story. Not because of its questionable feasibility, but because of the damn housing. This is a station clearly modeled after cylindrical space colonies dreamed up in the mid-century. Space colonies meant for alternative living around a still mostly livable Earth. Not interstellar arks housing the last bit of humanity clinging to survival at all costs. Why on earth would they waste valuable square inches on traditional suburban homes? Otherwise, good one Nolan.
This continues to be my favourite KZhead channel. The visualizations are breathtaking now, but they are only beginning to catch up to the level you are on regarding knowing exactly how to describe things to your audience to bring topics into grasp which other educators have failed to breakdown in such an accessible way. I have learned so many things from you that I figured I would never learn without an in depth understanding of the math. Thank you so much.
The quality of this video is just outstanding.
8:29 I didn’t know the DMV was near a black hole
Yours is a unique channel, with the kind of a content that cannot be found anywhere else! Truly a treasure and yet freely available! Feeling grateful!
I haven't even finished this yet, but felt compelled to express just how amazing this video is. Everything, from the visuals to the explanations, and especially how seamlessly you weave them together is honestly one of the best visual depictions I've ever seen for content like this. Even the way you animate the equations and plug them into others, while not detracting from the visual simulations is just flawless 😮
this video came out on my birthday-interstellar is my favourite movie and you are one of my favourite channels. i was so excited to see you talk about the physics behind it, and it made it even more credible that you relied on kip thorne's book. so thank you so much for this gift! ♡
The way you simulate and explain is much more comprehensible any other videous on youtube. Your explanation with combination of spectacular simulations are realy fascinating stuff.
Your physics videos are just amazing. You make the toughest physics concepts understandable for everyone. You are not just a science communicator, but also a science influencer. The content you make and the aesthetic and everything is going to drive so many people in studying astrophysics. Love watching your content.
Please please PLEASE include a music list! Your backing theme choices are excellent!
Thanks! All the musics are my own creations, which you can listen to on my SoundCloud page (@aroussel)
that music from 14:37 - 15:48 was really amazing
@@ScienceClicEN but please really include a music list? or please tell me what music is this at 25:30 i can't find it
This video was absolutely amazing. Thanks for all the awesome work. My new favorite channel :). Gonna go binge watch the rest of the channel.
I had a feeling some details in the film weren’t accurate when I saw it, really glad you made this video doing all of the calculations!
Always very high quality videos! Thanks
I've been subbed to this channel for a while now and literally injected all content into my veins immediately. Glad to see it's still going!
I watched only 5 minutes yet and it is already AMAZING and exceeded my expectations, I LOVE this channel!
Watching again! This video is kind of incredible! Great job!
Your effort and skill are definitely noticed… great video! 👏🏻💯
What a terrifyingly beautiful visuals. Hats off to your effort for the rigorous calculations and simulations. Such a treat to eyes.
This is the best visualization of black holes I've ever seen period. Direct simulations from General Relativity aren't exactly a piece of cake, I applaud you. Thank you so much!
KZhead copyright system going at it again 😢 Amazing video, hope it blows up as it should. I particularly love the visualization of the inside of the wormhole. It think it looks so much more mesmerizing than the one in the movie.
Thanks a lot 🙏
Commenting again - thank you for the longer video it’s superb.
This is fantastic. Thank you for taking the time to make this clip. It must've been painstaking to say the least!
One of the most amazing projects I have ever seen. Please upload an article including some of these visualizations and more technical explanations!
I'm absolutely stunned by the simulation of the interior of the wormhole, and the reallistic simulation of Gargantua is just so beautiful (given I like blue a lot)
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the reupload gave me an excuse to watch it again, great video!
Glad you liked it 🙏
For so long I’ve been looking for these kind of breakdown videos. Thank for giving me this opportunity.
Always thrilled to see a new upload from your channel!
Repeating my questions from last time (with answers from scienceclic) They would do a hohmann transfer rather than direct flight, but they had some martian and julian slingshots so a direct flight was an estimate for not absurd numbers. The baseball's arc doesn't match it going into the simulated gravity of the other side of the toob.
By the way since your question I have calculated the Hohmann transfer for a Earth - Saturn trip and it is actually not that far from a straight line, both in the heliocentric frame and the frame which corotates with Saturn around the Sun. That's because Saturn is much further than Earth from the Sun, such that the transfer trajectory is a very elongated half-ellipse.
Could the planet Miller not be seen due to the extreme temporal dilation that would cause redshift out of the visible spectrum? (when the astronauts were far from it)
@@NeroDefogger are you okay man
This channel and video are absolutely brilliant and a gift to science communication that keeps on giving. Thank You Alessandro and team for your exceptional work.
Thank you ScienceClic for your amazing videos! You bring incredibly complex topics to everyday people, making things easy to understand. Phenomenal work once again! Looking forward to what you make next!
this was incredible! keep up the good work!
Thanks!
Thanks!
I love your video that explains several mathematical and scientifical calculations related to Interstellar movie. I haven´t seen the movie yet but my fascination for this topic has increased. I am following your channel. Thank You !
Holy crap this video was WAY more interesting than I thought it would be. Commenting so the algorithm picks up this amazing content. Love your work, man
Ah what happened to the original? Either way, the visuals, the explanations, all top notch as usual!
Thanks! I had to change the beginning showing a few clips of the movie due to copyright claims
As I write this, it is NASA Black Hole Week 2024. We've already had (just last week, so slightly early) Veritasium (using some old 2021 ScienceClic footage) doing a video on black holes, PBS Space Time starting a small series on one aspect of black holes, and (on Monday) NASA Goddard showing a new supercomputer simulation of falling into a black hole. And now, on Tuesday, this. Twice. Including this comment, twice. (-: Followed by kzhead.info/sun/iqmMkpqFe4qnnok/bejne.html which is just the simulations from this video without the mathematics and commentary.
Other information in now inaccessible comments on the previous upload that are of interest are ScienceClic responding, to my wondering, that it took 36 seconds to render each second of the simulation.
People also remarked in inaccessible comments on the way that the rough back-of-an-envelope sanity check of the journey time to Saturn, with its slingshot around Mars, was done. In fact, the movie makers only needed to steal from Arthur C. Clarke's _2001_ book for this. In that book the mission is to Saturn, does a slingshot around Jupiter, and takes several years.
This video was unbelievable and a visual delight! Thanks for making this, and I'm looking forward to seeing more from you!
Superb. Your skills in turning mathematical models into visual representation is breathtaking. And it is not only that video but all from past when you were presenting General Relativity. Thank you very much!
Wait what? Is this a re upload? Edit: just saw pinned comment. This video was absolutely incredible btw
Thanks 🙏
This is so cool
Thanks!
Love watching these kind of videos, just theories and calculations on such complex matters are oddly relaxing to listen and/or watch
I always trust your videos. You are my favorite science KZhead channel and I aspire to understand physics half as much as you do in your profession. Truly, admirable
Just missing the Doppler effect (blue on one side and red on the other) :) 🔴🔵
The Doppler effect is actually included but at such high temperatures it doesn't affect the color, only the brightness. That's because a high temperature blackbody radiation, when looking only at visible frequencies, is the same for all temperatures.
@@ScienceClicEN Oh I see, even for a black hole rotating that quickly and even though you stated that effect should be viewable in the video itself? Confused 😅
@@djayjp Once you get to these extreme speeds (near the speed of light), everything is basically the same colour.
Veritasium 3blue1brown and Vsauce are in big trouble
Veritasium's idea of physics is limited to thinking a bulb with lightyear long wire will light up immediately on press of switch. So let's keep him out of the big guys. Vsauce isn't a physicist, doesn't pretend to be one, he wants to understand and make others understand. He would just be super delighted with this video. 3b1b is a mathematician in core, also dabbles with physics - I think not because of physics but because of maths he is most definitely on par and at same level as ScienceClick.
@@jonathandawson3091I know I just named randomly 3 famous science chanels
Loved the video! Insightful and a delight to watch!
Hat's off to great level of details you work on practical and very complex things which look so mesmerizing... ❤
Your video definitely seemed like fair use to me, hope this works for you though :)
Thanks! Let's hope this version will be okay
Just Shut up and take my money 🤑💰👍!!! Loved every bit of Interstellar and of course also love literally every single video from this channel 🤓👌💯
At 5:56, I'm guessing that reflections of the spacecraft should also appear at infinity in all four directions, slowly converge on the spacecraft and diverge back as it exits the wormhole (because there will be light rays that are reflected off the spacecraft in the direction of the cross-section of the wormhole and will thus travel in a loop). One can imagine a wormhole of too little diameter being crossed by a ship which is then, at the middle, crushed from both sides by itself!
just amazing, you're on the top quality youtube videos, please keep doing this, your work and time will be rewarded Im sure
A repost? So, there was any issue with scenes from the movie? I liked that edit from a day ago.
Yes I had to change the beginning showing a few clips of the movie due to copyright claims
@@ScienceClicENQuite sad when it's clearly for educational purposes :/
@@aurorapaisley7453 frr
Have a comment. It's the least I can do. Literary.
Roast roast
Wow, what an excellent video and narration. Very well done!
We need this kind of channels that provide genuine Science education. It's pleasantly refreshing to watch this kind of video out of all other channels that do nothing but stitch random space videos and pretend to talk and predict science. This man deserves a standing ovation!
Thanks
Thank you so much 🙏
Reupload?
Probably to correct some information
I had to change the beginning showing a few clips of the movie due to copyright claims
This channel needs more views, i've followed science channels for a long time that have been explaining the same things over and over but it wasnt until i saw the videos from this channel that i ended up truly understanding some things.
Commenting for better reach! This is an underrated channel that needs a significantly broader audience for the efforts! Kudos to your work. 🎉
For the Algorithm!
Deja Vu all over again ..
what are the odds i literally just watched this movie (bawled my eyes out multiple times), and stumble upon this video always love how well you explain everything
This video is the most amazing Astronomy & Astrophysics video I ever seen in a long time.. I love the theory explanation
WE ARE SO BACK🔥🔥🔥🗣🗣🗣🗣💯💯💯
There is no such thing as a singularity in reality.
naked? i sure hope there isn’t
Your videos have re-sparked my interest in physics and mathematics to a new level. Thanks a lot man for making these videos. Keep up the good work.
I'll take the reupload as an opportunity to just watch the whole video again lol, amazing stuff and stunning visuals as usual. Thank you for another amazing vid!
How about that. I absolutely love Interstellar, worked as a 3D artist for several years and now as a software engineer for the past four years. So this video is incredibly interesting to me, thanks so much. So cool to see the calculations and creation of the visuals. Oh, and to be honest I actually prefer your visuals over those in the movie.
Absolutely beautiful. Those simulations are some of the best stuff I've ever seen on KZhead!
Genuinely the most well-made video I’ve ever watched. Super easy to understand (as a high school student, mind you), super engaging and really technical which I love Fabulous job!! 💖
I wish I could understand tensor math like you do, but also, that ghostly looking scene example at 15:00 was amazing! I think it captures the beauty and outworldiness so well. it looks more alive than the original
This is amazing. Ive honestly never seen a video this detailed with such amazing work great respect go on
Interstellar is such a gem, both breathtaking and very scientifically accurate (with some inaccuracies that can easily be forgiven). I'll never forget the experience of seeing that movie in cinema for the first time. And your channel is so excellent at visualizing all those difficult topics such as space curvature around wormholes. So good.
Absolutely top notch content. I’m blown away! Well well done. Liked and subscribed!!
Most interesting science/space related channel I've ever followed! Keep it up 👍
My favorite channel analyzing my favorite movie. I love this
Excellent visuals and presentation as always
Incredible visualizations! Love your channel :)
love this channel, these videos are amazing. Thank you for your hardwork and dedication