AD - Go to ground.news/drbecky to stay fully informed on Space and Science News. Subscribe through my link to get 40% off the Vantage plan for unlimited access this month only | Last weekend the lead researcher of a group using data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to calculate the current rate of expansion of the Universe (aka the Hubble constant, H0) presented their results for the first time at an American Physical Society meeting. What they announced was not at all what everyone was expecting... DISCLAIMER: None of this work is published yet. It has not been peer reviewed. Take everything with a large pinch of scientific salt.
My previous videos on the "crisis in cosmology" - • The Crisis in Cosmology
My video from earlier this year on the JWST result showing that overcrowding wasn't the problem - • JWST rules out MOST LI...
APS meeting schedule with Wendy Freedman’s talk - meetings.aps.org/Meeting/APR2...
Hu & Wang (2023; list of new physics hypothesis beyond best model of the universe) - arxiv.org/pdf/2302.05709.pdf
Riess et al. (2024; hubble tension not due to crowding problem) - arxiv.org/pdf/2401.04773.pdf
DESI collaboration (2024; H(z) and H0 measurements) - arxiv.org/pdf/2404.03002.pdf
Lee et al. (2023; JAGB stars as standard candles) - arxiv.org/pdf/2305.02453.pdf
Bellazzini et al. (2004; TRBG stars as standard candles) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/040457...
Planck collaboration (2018; latest best model of the Universe parameters) - arxiv.org/pdf/1807.06209.pdf
Royal Society meeting with Wendy Freedman talk - royalsociety.org/science-even...
00:00 Introduction
03:17 AD Ground News
04:54 What is the Hubble Tension (aka the "crisis in cosmology")?
07:40 The possible explanations/solutions for the Hubble tension?
14:22 What Freedman et al. are claiming to have found with JWST
18:32 How does this compare to previous work on this with JWST?
20:30 What now? Is the “crisis in cosmology” really over?
22:57 Bloopers
Video filmed on a Sony ⍺7 IV
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👩🏽💻 I'm Dr. Becky Smethurst, an astrophysicist at the University of Oxford (Christ Church). I love making videos about science with an unnatural level of enthusiasm. I like to focus on how we know things, not just what we know. And especially, the things we still don't know. If you've ever wondered about something in space and couldn't find an answer online - you can ask me! My day job is to do research into how supermassive black holes can affect the galaxies that they live in. In particular, I look at whether the energy output from the disk of material orbiting around a growing supermassive black hole can stop a galaxy from forming stars.
drbecky.uk.com
rebeccasmethurst.co.uk
AD - Go to ground.news/drbecky to stay fully informed on Space and Science News. Subscribe through my link to get 40% off the Vantage plan for unlimited access this month only.
This is hilarious, I just recommended DrBecky's channel to a bunch of friends solely because she is very cautious with citing information that isn't peer reviewed. This was handled masterfully, the disclaimer is very much appreciated.
Do this affect Cosmological coupling? Black hole growth and its relation to the expansion?
Maybe people mix up time and distance wrong? The explanation I always hear is that objects far away go faster so they must speed up. But you can also see the distance as back in time, so in that case, the logic will be. Objects we see 10bil years back in time appear to go faster than objects only tousands year back in time, so their speed was faster short after tbb and has now slowed down. How do we know the ratio of those different ways to think about the problem? It must be tricky to calculate speed on objects that may not still exist but left a snapshot billions year ago.
Random question: what is your lighting set up like? You are incredibly well lit. You don't get lighting like that without it being intentional. Do you get eye-strain after recording?
@DrBecky group think is a powerful tool. Because I know that my main area reply will be hidden, I thought I’d try here to see if you will tell me where I’m wrong. Actually, American astronomer, Halton Arp solved the crisis in cosmology decades ago when he proved, and you and your peers refused to even consider that the universe is not expanding. Your models, apart from another “Higgs moment,” meaning, we need a win moment, can never achieve a common value because there is no expansion to calculate. Simply stated, the universe is NOT expanding via the separation of objects within it, and it is not homogeneous, a central pillar of this tale. We may never know, however, if it is growing, which is entirely different because we cannot observe the entire universe. Look up the unmodified version of the cosmic microwave background radiation, and you will clearly see what is actually there, an image of the central glow of the Milky Way Galaxy and background stars. But that central glow, the signature of our position in our galaxy, underwent the science version of Photoshopped, removing the pesky signature glow, replacing it with a homogeneous background. Speaking of homogeneous, we are told that the cosmic microwave background radiation depicts the homogeneous glow of the Big Bang, yet we know that space is filled with many giant voids. For instance, what about the Boötes Void, also called the Great Nothing? It is a massive near-empty area of space, meaning containing very few galaxies, that covers an area so massive that it would take around 330 million light-years to cross. This is the opposite of homogeneous, but astrophysicists simply pretend that it, and many others like it, massive areas of near nothing, do not exist. We are living in an epoch of the self-imposed scientific dark ages. Speak their theories out-loud and see how they sound. Here are a few of my favorites: There are universes in multiple dimensions. Gravity is the weakest of all ''accepted'' forces, yet so powerful that it can take over a single area in space that they call a black hole, attract anything, including light inside it, and compress it to an infinite point. Stars and planets form from gravity, but no one has bothered to ask, ''What was the source of the gravity that caused the first particles of matter to clump together, and why does it no longer work in our solar systems asteroid belts where no new clumping is happening?'' Particles passing through earth indicates that time may travel backwards in other dimensions. Einstein's theories don't describe gravity at the galactic scale, so they blame the theory's failure on dark energy and dark matter because, well, they gave themselves a dark energy and dark matter mathematical fudge-factor that makes the math work again. The entire universe sprang from a primordial point of nothing, called a singularity. And one of my favorite WTFs, the universe is expanding; everything is moving away from everything else, it is not spreading from a single point, yet the closest galaxy to the Milky Way, the Andromeda Galaxy, is speeding toward our Milky Way Galaxy at a speed of 290,800 MPH. I know, it’s the raisins in bun analogy, everything is expanding at once, even if they are getting closer together. But, how far does that go? Then there’s the Great attractor. Everything in the region of the Norma Cluster, including our Milky way are moving toward it. But wait, there’s more. Astrophysicists then estimated that the mass of the Great Attractor isn’t large enough to attract the massive bodies around it, and then they find that a larger region of galaxies, and the Great Attractor are all moving toward an area of space that is even larger, known as the Shapley Super cluster. So much for everything moving away from everything else, but just ignore those pesky facts. You can't make this stuff up. From a historical perspective, however, there are plenty of parallels. They burned Giordano Bruno alive at the stake for refusing to retract his absurd notion that the earth was NOT the center of the universe. Bruno's scientific statements were absurd because it was settled science that the earth indeed was the center of the universe. Fast-forward 424 years, and we are back where we started. In order to calculate the size of the observable universe, astrophysicists determine how far light could have traveled in 13.8 billion years. They then double that number because they say that light travels in all directions at once. That means that, from our vantage point in the observable universe, the universe is a minimum of 27.6 billion light years across, or double the 13.8 billion years with Earth at the center of the calculation (I won’t mention their expansion add-on). Giordano Bruno was burned alive at the stake to change the special notion that earth is the center of the universe, yet hundreds of years later, his fellow Cosmologist and astrophysicists put Earth back at the center of the universe, AGAIN, and gave the universe a new creation story, called the Big Bang. You cannot make this stuff up. The crisis in cosmology is absolute because the very foundation of cosmology is based on singularities, which cannot be calculated or measured, and thus exists only in the minds of those who “believe” that they exist.
At this point, I feel like JWST is the driver of a family sedan and the scientific community is a pile of kids in the back asking "Are we there yet?!?" =)
Dude, JSWT is easily that ultra premium Benz minivan they only sell in China if not an all-option Land Rover. Show some respect, please...but yes, can JWST please just have all the data already. I need to binge my content. Can't do these intermittent micro-discoveries.
🤣🤣🤣 Ha ha. Love it!
"I am turning this telescope around RIGHT NOW, if you kids don't quieten down!"
I personally think that it's not a family sedan, it's much more basic than that. Assuming we survive, what we will be able to send up in 100 years will way outstrip this. I'm looking at the near future as well.
Unseen University :)
18:52 "this isn't just cutting-edge science; this is like standing on the knife edge and staring into the void of confusion" I am going to reuse this in my line of work at the first chance I get
Sounds like what our politicians would say off camera.
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature!
My new quip when customers cant decide which pasta they want.
This new idiom is truly cutting-edge.
But that is exactly what "cutting edge" means.
Thank you for labeling the ads. This is what all channels should do.
Damn right
get sponsorblock addon for yer browser and it won't be a problem anymore
actually, this could lead to less sponsors, because as we know, you can see what percentage of people watched each part
@@autohmae It encourages me to come back to the channel and makes me respect the content creator more for being open about the ads. Now I might consider looking at something she thought was worth advertising, which I don't do for channels that just splice in ads willy nilly without labeling them.
@@sadaksara I fully understand what you are saying, but she is risking losing advertisers if not enough viewers watch it.
I LOVE the disclaimer. Thank you for being transparent and responsible when giving us non peer reviewed information. You rock Dr. B
Okay, I'm going to invoke Ian Hinchliffe's Rule, which technically only applies to particle physics, but can be extended to research papers of all types and now KZhead videos, _"if a research paper's title is in the form of a yes-no question, the answer to that question will be 'no'"_ But you may ask _"Is Hinchliffe's rule correct?"_ and cause a universe-rending paradox.
Yes, but seeing as the universe is still intact and not rended, we can safely conclude that no on has written a research paper titled with that question in mind. Personally, I feel it may be possible to write and publish that paper, but it would become illegible somehow The universe would prevent this by hiding all published copies behind an event horizon of some sort as there are no naked singularities.
So it is the academic version of Betteridge's law of headlines? See: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betteridge's_law_of_headlines
I agree with your assessment that the universe will hide such a paper behind an event horizon. Most Net denizens would call that a "paywall." Scientific journals are performing an important public service by guarding the masses from naked facts by putting them behind an impenetrable curtain* BTW, the past tense of "rend" is "rent." *The impenetrability of a paywall, strangely enough, depends on the psychology of observers. Similar to the observer effect in physics, the reluctance to comply with a publishers' paywall renders it impenetrable to humans.
Yes, but there are nuances...
@@hansisbrucker813 Absolutely! I think it's a near universal law of titles, wherever they may appear. Not that it's always correct, but it is fun to cite.
"standing on the knife edge and just staring into the void of confusion" is my new favourite sentence
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
I (also) love how the camera dramatically zoomed in during the quote.
It's also a great way to ruin good shoes
Could the 'Knife Edge' actually be Occam's Razor?
Hey, It's Laura. It was so amazing getting to meet you. I really want to be a teacher, and I wanted to say you're going to be a massive inspiration teaching me all about expansive galaxies above. 😊
Hey Laura 👋 was lovely to meet you too!
Your caveats and comments about peer review and paper status during the intro was amazing. It is how all reporting like this should be done, but in this age of hype you are a welcome exception. THANK YOU!
From watching the first Mercury launches on a black and white tv to seeing new JWST images and data is just incredible. Looking forward to new discoveries, especially those that blow the doors off of our current theories. Thanks Dr. Becky!
may you be around for many more, sir!
I remember (as a VERY little kid) seeing seemingly slow-motion footage sent from one of the Ranger spacecraft as it got closer and closer to the lunar surface until it finally crashed. So many craters! I assume it was a kinescope film made from a live video feed. Hell…maybe I can even find it here on KZhead!
Now this is an awesome span to be alive and watching for space progress. 😁
I remember as a kid seeing a black and white TV 😂
As weird as that will sound, this is the best explanation of how all this was calculated all along. I mean, not like I was explicitly looking for a better explanation, but I never stumbled across one so clear. Thank you!
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature!
I agree. For example, I've been aware of the distance ladder for decades, and have seen a number of YT videos on it, but usually get a little bit lost in the amount of technical detail. In this case, the whole ladder is very nicely laid out, so I finally think I actually get it. I'm still pretty fuzzy on how the CMB prediction is reached, but that might just be beyond my reach without serious study.
This was actually never calculated and, in point of fact, CANNOT be calculated using the standard model. This is a massive bit of confusion by the media and by KZhead science influencers who don't know what they are talking about. If what Dr. Becky said were true it would have ruled out the standard model of particle physics, the most successful and well proven theory that has never disagreed with any experiment ever. Why didn't that happen? Because this is not true. It's not a real prediction, although people who have tried to end this incorrect meme have done calculations showing exactly what that real value would be if someone had made it. And spoiler alert, it is closer to 10 orders of magnitude off, not 120, but, that is moot, because this is not a theory of gravity.
I remember the whole ladder being a week or two of class time. Tuition & books seems like such a waste of money now.
JWST is expanding our knowledge and already proving itself, much like Hubble did when it finally got it's spectacles. Hubble showed the way, JWST is taking the ball and running with it. It's a phenomenal bit of engineering and it will inspire another generation to design better instruments to answer the questions JWST now has us asking. You will have to come back to this after peer review, doesn't matter if this is right or wrong, just take another look in a years time.
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature!
Love the enthusiasm for the subject as well as the clarity of explanations.
I find this pretty interesting. Its the astronomy analogue of debugging code or trying to design a dataset after a garbage-in-garbage-out problem. Cosmological bug hunting.
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature!
What I admire about science is that it is an applied methodology, based on what do we know, how do we know it and how certain are we about it? Being able to self-question and refine theory based on evolving data is great!
Isn’t it amazing. That ability would be amazing in every part of life. Regardless of your view point the new best known truth is what your new view. So much in the world is based on out of date view points and don’t reflect our current world view
The 'Cosmic Microwave Background' is based on the flawed argument stating it arose due to the hot gas and plasma existing after the Big Bang. Gas/Plasma do not make a Black Body or Black Body radiation. Only condensed matter can transmit a continuous spectrum of radiation. Gas/Plasma will always give only those wavelengths possible by a limited set of energy levels. The same goes for the Sun which is condensed matter -- not plasma . The so-called 'near perfect' black body spectrum in the 'CMB' comes from some other source, likely water on the Earth. See Sky Scholar -- Pierre Marie Robateille or Unzicker's Real Physics on KZhead. The expansion of space based upon a Doppler Red Shift is also questionable as there are other means by which light is red shifted, namely by passing through plasma.
What I find Amazing, is that our society is mature enough to afford to have these people work on all that stuff! Although WE could pay thème a bit more...
@vailpcs4040, I agree! My favorite 3 Epistemological questions: 1. What do we know? 2. How did we come to know? 3. Do we "really" know what we "think" we know? Number 3 opens the door to discovery... The root-cause of all this "Crisis in Cosmology", "Dark Matter", & "Dark Energy" enigmas is that we failed to question the fundamental precepts and basic assumptions of "previous generations" of scientists! The FLRW-metric only gave scientists 3 options: 1. Flat, 2. FIXED positive curvature (spherical), 3. FIXED negative curvature (hyperbolic) -- they left out the most important one -- continually decreasing positive curvature. In short, the Hubble's Constant is NOT constant and its units [km/s/Megaparsec] which simplify to [1/second]. Guys & gals, is Hubble's parameter is simply the reciprocal of the age of the universe. Seek "Cosmic Onion Model" and "John Wsol" and you shall find these answers and a treasure trove of scientific breakthroughs!
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature!
OMG, first time viewer, and I subscribed two minutes into the video because of your disclaimer regarding the preliminary nature of this research. What a breath of fresh air compared to the majority of hyped science content on KZhead. Thank you so much!
Thanks a lot for covering and explaining all this. Crystal clear, as usual !
9:33 FLOOF
Need to vacuum the new space to get fid of the floof floating around.
It was the high light of my day.
scrolled down just to find someone else for FLOOF :D
@@SuccySuccuba same here =))))
I noticed that too.... Does it have meaning or just for fun? Was there a piece of fluff falling through the shot that was being covered?
Thanks for the clarification information on the conference. Love your insight ❤
Thank you for a very thoughtful video summary, Dr. Becky!
Not hypocritical, just preliminary. Thanks for keeping us in the loop.
Thank you for helping me appreciate how small we are and how very little time we have here. It helps me feel grateful for every breath I take. Thank you for the clear and thorough explanations with scientific transparency!
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature!
The question is not one of reworking old data. The question is really about rethinking dogmatic assumptions on which those calculations are based.
Dr. B. is so fricking good at explaining stuff. I wish that she had been given the job of writing the assembly instructions for the CNC machine I'm trying to put together right now.
Great update! Exciting news!
I might not be able to watch it when it premieres but super interested to check the video out cuz watching Dr. Becky makes me feel smart 😹
This was the best explanation of the cosmic distance ladder i have ever seen!!
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
How? Why?
Fabulous colors, lighting and background...just stunning as always
Thank you. I am just a regular lay person interested and fascinated with Science and Cosmology. But I always eagerly look forward to your videos. Your explanations does give me an understanding about cosmology.. not that I claim to understand every little quanta of explanation, but sufficient enough to grasp the concept of what you take pains to explain. And you never disappoint. How grateful and thankful can I and others like me can be for your absolutely marvelous explanation. This video is a marvelous example of your explanation. Going back to how calculatoiins are being validated by validating calculations within our Solar system, to the galaxies and supernovas within them and them to the outer bodies in the far universe. Thanks so much again. Coming to this puzzle, yes there’s still a lot of “Noise”.. but as time goes these “noises” get filtered with better understanding or maybe new clues or discoveries, hopefully it all ends up with a “consistent” truth of our universe at some point in the future. But thank you Dr. Becky once again for the updates , clarifications and truthfulness the most important of all for all this knowledge. People like you is what science and cosmology so exciting and intriguing for the mere mortals like us 🙏.
For some context before tonight's premiere this was me last Friday when I thought we might have some evidence for new physics: kzhead.infou0aU14mFsx8?si=zY-eNOanHrGTmp2N And this was me on Monday reacting to the fact that the actual news is a claim for a solution to the Hubble tension, aka the "crisis in cosmology": kzhead.infoe29x3WsQPJg?si=5uz4OTYVkLjEQ_k_
Please don't do pre-announcements again, none of us like them. It's the wrong platform for that.
@@davidritchie8051 It's not your channel... I like to know something cool is about to be presented. It's a WWW, eh.
You're coming out of my radio just now!! :-D x 10^9
Ground News doesn't say anything about climate models from 2005 saying island will be out of ice by 2020
@@osmosisjones4912Quit spamming your nonsense everywhere.
Thank you for keeping physics in focus.
You make awesome videos!!!! You have a talent for taking very complex concepts and explaining them in understandable language!
Hay @DrBecky, I think you did a realy good job of resoliviing the tention of presinting new and excithing resolts and telling everyone to keep their breth held for the time being
This is the best description of the Hubble tension I've come across. Thank you Dr. Becky!
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
And it's bullshit.
"In a galaxy far away ... there's a git with a really bright signal lamp, giggling to himself!" 😁
Is it a Grail-shaped signal lamp? Anyway, Becky now has three answers that don't agree. That's exactly the sort of thing Zoot would do.
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature!
@@hyperduality2838 found the physics crackpot
@@mikespangler98 Bad, bad, _naughty_ Zoot.
@@thezipcreator What a fool, it's turtles all the way down and he doesn't even _mention_ ponds.
Your videos are amazing. Thank you for sharing. Much love from NC, USA!
Dr B, as ever well done, excellent presentation. P.s. love the outtakes xx
I love how you explain everything about what you're saying
Can't wait, always learn new things from you, keep up the amazing work ❤😊
It does feel like cosmologists desperately wanted a fix, and threw together something questionable.
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
Thank you for sharing your knowledge about astronomy and astrophysics. I always go here to learn new things about them.
not sure why youtube didnt recommend your channel after watching all the free Stanford lectures on cosmology online, or the hundreds (im sure by now) of hours ive watched on black holes, but the moment you said "im and expert in black holes" i hit that sub button. i have a feeling ill be binging your content for a few days/weeks
"Standing on the knife-edge and staring into the void of confusion" on a t-shirt please.
Hi Dr Becky, I'm the dude who bumped into you in Geneva the other week. 🤓 Physics teacher, musician and amateur audio engineer. Great video, the new audio set up though sounds very top frequency heavy and delay interference. Just a suggestion to add some sound deadening and EQ. Hope this helps and doesn't sound arsey! I've been deriving the equation for the critical mass of the universe with year 13 today... Love this stuff 😁
Agree the new audio setup is harsher on the ear than before. My ears hurt after listening to this using earbuds. 😱
RE: sound-deadening to lessen room reverb. Sonex (foam rubber sound-deadening panels) for walls & ceiling would do the trick…but IMO, a cardioid lapel mic would be maybe 1/15th as expensive, a LOT less hassle, and would achieve the same results!
The culprit frequency is around 8.9 maybe 9kHZ, it's harsh/sibilant indeed. A Q4 shelf EQ reducing frequencies around that (-8dB) should suffice, or a de-esser effect.
VERY well done. Thanks for kee[ing us up to date
Exciting times. The age of discovery!
Oh my. I'm looking forward to this one. Thanks again for presenting stuff like this.
I have a metaphor that I use to help me understand the cosmic distance ladder: a multi-stage analog amplifier. This was an exercise / lab I had to do in my analog electronics class, as an electrical engineering student (undergrad). It's not a super-complicated beast - each stage is a transistor, which is connected to ground and to high through a resistor for each, with input to the "base" terminal, and output from the "collector" or the "emitter" terminal, chained onto the next stage (sorry about the jargon). _Anyway,_ the point is that it's _much_ more sensitive to the parameters you choose in the earlier stages than in the later stages. The early stages of your amplifier can make or break the entire circuit.
Thanks for another great explanation. I think it is good to cover this exciting new research before it gets to the peer reviewed stage since it was done carefully by an experienced group.
Every time I hear somebody mention the crisis in Cosmology”I’m reminded of Weird Al’s “Everything You Know Is Wrong”😂
18:56 "standing on the knife edge and just staring into the void of confusion" I think I'll steal this amazing sentence to title my biography... Thank you 😂
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
Love your channel!!
Dr. Smethurst, the enthusiasm by which you present these difficult scientific issues, is a true joy to behold. Keep it up, it is just great.
When two teams produce opposite results from the same data, that suggests that there are so many assumptions and subjective choices in the analyses as to call into question whether their conclusions have any real meaning at all.
That seems to be the exact point of the “blind” analysis method, to remove any possibility of your methodology being influenced by what you (consciously or unconsciously) want the answer to be. However per the caveats Dr. Becky mentioned, the analysis itself involves so many steps that it needs to be subjected to rigorous peer review to make absolutely certain that it doesn’t introduce other unintentional biases. We shall see, eventually.
@@markfergerson2145 Well, that's the problem... any model you use is going to depend on previous assumptions and measurements which may be wrong, which are out of the team's direct control. This far out on the ledge, there are too many variables to allow a firm footing to stand on. Especially when there are still fundamental questions about how gravity works over long distances, I don't see how anyone can pretend to make accurate conclusions about the expansion rate of the universe.
@@ariochiv do you want people to just stop doing science until we're 100% sure about every single theory? (which is impossible)
@@ariochiv Blind analysis is not a model, it is a methodology. And models do have assumptions, yes, but it is not as if we leave those assumptions untested.
@@ariochiv Also, the divergent results were not caused by the blind analysis. The divergent results are the thing the blind analysis is aiming to resolve.
Hi, are you thinking about an episode in honor of Peter Higgs? R.I.P.
I can not believe he is gone. A truly brilliant man who made major contributions in particle physics. Hope his legacy will live on forever.
CTV was the centre of that ad for Groundnews and CBC was also there. Cool and thank you for this item. You do so much for all of us fans. I am on the last 15 pages of your book. YEAH
Interesting remark at the end, “do we know?” Maybe the question should be “can we know?” Aside from all the variables about stellar brightness and distance, the underlying question is whether or not the universe a billion ly away is the same as in our own galaxy.
The "we are not special" axiom is practically fundamental. Mostly because it shuts up superstitious people, but also because we have to assume that because that's what all evidence so far points to..... and we have no way of going there and check it locally.
9:30 Will the space telescopes orbiting Mars, which will measure parallax from the orbit of Mars, be able to improve step 1 ?
Not really. Space telescopes at Mars are designed to look at Mars, and are very different than outward-facing observatories. Their sensors are “pushbroom” style line sensors rather than 2d imagers. They’re also not overly concerned where exactly they’re looking, with MRO having only 1/200th the pointing accuracy as JWST.
Walking out on a plank off the cliff. I love it. Thanks for the story and disclaimer. Keep up the great work.
I don't see this as hypocritical. You called attention to the initial "spark" and invited knowledgeable people to watch this to see if a fire, in the form of peer-reviewed papers, erupts. Someone needs to say, "This bears watching." You're in a good spot precisely because you have urged for caution.
Adding disclaimer at the beginning: This is not a “statement of what this is” - this is a question to Becky asking if I understand correctly. To be clear, it’s not that this magically causes the two disparate data sets to suddenly agree with each other - the “CMB” data and the previous “distance” data still disagree with each other, with error bars that don’t even come close to overlapping. JWST is just a “new distance data” point that happens to have overlap with the “CMB” data? Is the JWST data confirmed more “accurate” than previous “distance” data? Because previous data certainly pointed to being very accurate, and very accurately *DISAGREEING* with the “CMB” data? This is just JWST fixing the the previous distance data that we thought was accurate, right?
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
No this is panicked scientists trying to patch a failed model. There is no good reason to believe the so-called CMB is cosmological anymore either.
Thankyou Becky, Iv just registered to watch the RI session on line
"Standing on the knife-edge staring into the void of confusion" would make a great album title.
Exciting times for cosmology.... What a pace in real discoveries compared to when I started physics and cosmology study in 1977.... Thanks for keepig us informed dr. Becky, you are the best!
The real discovery will be that the LCDM ontology is wrong in so many ways. Pieces are ok, but they need to be re-arranged. It all comes down to GR and QM being effective theories with no reductionist unified solution. Turns out physicists missed a very simple architecture around 1900. Nature is like a house of mirrors, so once they went off the main track, they have been in various stages of lost for 125 years now.
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
“Standing on the void of confusion” - My life in one sentence. Thanks, Dr. Becky.
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature!
Awesome content as usual!! ...also please tell me where you got your necklace 😍
That was a great transition into that ad!
@7:59 editing blip threw me off so bad. Sorry to point it out. Thank you for all of your insight and for walking us through this information as you come across it! Your channel is a regular stop for me in my nerdy journeys.
There is still *a* crisis in cosmology no mater what happens: If this work passes review, then the "new crisis in cosmology" is how the heck the old data was so far off without anyone identify that before now; how were we so confident and still wrong? If it doesn't pass review, then we are back to where we were last year.
If it passes peer review, it will also explain why we missed this interpretation.
@@DeaconBlues117 maybe, maybe not. It will very likely tell what was missed, but why it was missed isn't properly a scientific question. The why might be blatantly clear once the what is known, but it might also be entirely unrevealing.
the Hubble data wasn't precise enough is my guess. Let's remember that wendy was also very much involved with Hubble, so she would know how they calculated it at the time.
@@autohmae If the previous data was not precise enough that should have been reflected on the error bars. But the error bars were not overlapping.
@@pitthepig you have to remember in these kinds of calculations, a small change compounds in effect. So yeah, they calculation of the errors might have been wrong.
That parallax animation was trippy cool! Thank you.
Why I love science. The best of us. Thank you x
There are not just two options for solving the "Crisis" There are three options 1. Calibration. 2 New Science. 3 Both calibration and new science.
Agreed. Especially the "new science" part.
IMO, "check your measurement data" is a MUCH more satisfying tension reliever than "We did all the computations on clusters using Pentium processors" (hit LIKE if you are old enough to get this joke)
Sadly, I have but 1.000038675 like to give.
Dayum!
Pentium decays to inert silicon by emission of a press release.
Just brilliant!!@@undine120
The way this had me actually laughing out loud 🤣 amazing 👏🏼
Wow! what a fantastic video summary ..Dr. Becky...you are a giant!...a formidable entertaining and excitingly engaging science communicator!
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
Dr.Becky, I just want to thank you for the information you provide us and how detailed the information you give is. I Love all things space and how defined the information is given. That is the main point of me Subscribing to yuo my friend,.
It had to be either 69 or 42. Those were always the two options.
We can hope that it will turn out to be 69,42. ;)
@@bjornfeuerbacher5514 If we allocate ressources to this research enough times, it eventually will. But is it really the way you wish future humans will think ?
@@ghislainbugnicourt3709 Huh?!?!? Didn't you notice that this was a joke?
@@bjornfeuerbacher5514 My comment started as a joke too, but was hard to interpret sorry. By letting ourselves joke about such numbers, we're slowly letting our brains take them seriously, to the point that it already affects people's behaviour (confirmation bias, superstitions,...). It's just a harmless joke but what if it influences the way you think, and others after you ?
Which one of those is the real part, and which the imaginary part?
I agree with your sentiment about avoiding covering things that aren't at least preprint, as well as your reasoning for covering this particular finding. My two cents is that coverage of non-written reporting is only an issue if that becomes a majority of the output because, at that point, it starts to feel like the pop-sci press releases where a 1-sigma result is "earth shattering and rewrites everything we know about the universe." While it's a sign of integrity that you avoid covering things that may have potentially spurious claims (i.e., where one can't really sink their teeth into the claims, math, and supporting citations), I hope it didn't cause too much angst. From what I've seen, you're passionate, knowledgeable, and not gullible, so I see no reason to question your instincts on what is worthwhile to cover.
A fascinating field, and also one that has been very active for several years now, dear Doctor Becky. And seeing the two duelers, Reese and Freedman still in controversy about their results is even more fascinating, as "old-timers" 😆 as me have witnessed their long debate developing. Thank you so much for this excellent video, and this enlightening approach to the subject. Your channel puts things into perspective for all of us, unprepared general public
A great episode. Please keep giving us new research results even when they are preliminary, from only a conference presentation and with a bit of a sensationalist and misleading title. That was a very clear explanation of the cosmic ladder and much appreciated.
JWST: Ugh who was working here before me?
People with archaic tools.
Can we stop calling it the “crisis in cosmology“? As science moves forward, we often have to resolve apparently conflicting data and hypotheses. It’s not a crisis, it’s an opportunity to deepen our understanding. 😎
Stop being drama queens? How dare you? /s
She wanted to be a bit more dramatic.
Climate scientist get their models wrong more often then Astrophist how they don't have to reexamine their models
It's always just measurement and analytical error.
@@osmosisjones4912They do. Stop lying.
Everything is soooooo interesting and fascinating but I have to say the bloopers keep me coming back!
I have followed you for a long time and this is one of the most interesting videos I have seen. I know it is very preliminary right now, and a lot more study is needed. But the Hubble "tension" or crisis is very interesting to me. Thank You Dr. Becky.
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
@@hyperduality2838 Huh?
@@prischm5462 It's drivel-spam. I've reported it to KZhead multiple times. Let's see what happens...
I came here to say floof that is all.
Yeah, at 9:32?
Narf
This girl is the real deal. She's not a show off. She's got a huge number of scientific papers published. She is the queen of Astrophysics
Great hair too.
Dr. Becky, your intro disclaimer was well done. I think this video helps keep the background of the debate fresh in our minds. I certainly appreciated the recap so well done. This makes me even more excited for the studies’ conclusions and reviews. I’d certainly like to know where the heck we are in relation to everything else in the observable universe!
Thank you Dr. Becky. It is, as always, a hoot. Great job.
As per usual, science defeats sensationalism. Still, it's very exciting to get a better measure of the Hubble constant.
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
There was nothing sensationalist about the other studies. And it is sensationalist to say this research has "defeated" the "sensationalism" of the discrepancy in the data, when it is still undergoing peer review.
@@kwanarchive The Idea that we need new physics to explain the universe is sensational. In this case it was made to seem likely by the data, but skipping the step of double and triple checking the reliability of the measurements is a common pitfall leading to sensational headlines. Right now, we're still in the step of double and triple checking, so the idea that we need new physics is at this point still sensationalism.
@@BlackEyedGhost0 What nonsense answer. Did you miss the part that this research hasn't even been peer reviewed yet?
@@kwanarchive I did not
The gap between the two measurements of H-nought is remarkably small! Think about this - these two completely different measurements come pretty damn close to each other. If they were a factor of 2, 3 or more apart, I'd get worked up about the "tension". Remember what cosmology 20 years + ago considered a reasonable uncertainty, more like orders of magnitude in essential values like the age of the universe.
The problem is not the size of the gap, it's that the uncertainty in each method was getting smaller and smaller (i.e the measurement/analysis more accurate) while the answers got further apart. So even if the gap wasn't that big it was still significant enough to indicate something is wrong fundamentally in one or both of these methods. Crisis might be a bit dramatic but the problem wasn't insignificant as other theories rely and build on top of these which causes cascade of problems
@@aliismail2962 That's a better way to explain the disagreement problem. However, the fact that the gap is so small would strongly suggest that whatever is wrong with the methods is a second-order or less correction, not zeroth to first-order.
@@aliismail2962 "it's that the uncertainty in each method was getting smaller and smaller (i.e the measurement/analysis more accurate) while the answers got further apart" In such cases, my first bet is that the scientists are simply underestimating the uncertainties of their methods. ;) (And indeed that apparently was the problem here - the uncertainties in the distance ladder.)
Convergence towards absolute truth is a syntropic process -- teleological. Convergence (syntropy) is dual to divergence (entropy) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics! Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non teleological physics (entropy). Absolute truth (universals) is dual to relative truth (particulars) -- Hume's fork. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to co-vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann geometry is dual. "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Dark energy is repulsive gravity or negative curvature, hyperbolic space hence the big bang must be an infinite negative curvature singularity. Singularities are dual:- Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature! "Do you seek absolution!" -- King Aelle of Northumbria.
You are very excited and enthusiastic about questions like this. That gives me hope for the future of our species. 😀
Thanks for the heads up, Dr. Becky! I can't get enough of that ΛCDM
I just realized, Michelson experiment was looking for light traveling through a medium, so if there was no medium - ether - in the ‘vacuum’, the light wouldn’t slow. The null result meant there was no ether in the vacuum. Actually, the first split light experiment had interference pattern, and was stationary, so Michelson moving frame should also produce interference, if no effect of earth motion -weather on ether! In fact Michelson was measuring frequency, not wavelength. That fool wrongstein thought this was about a vacuum, not a medium like water or a prism. In this case, once light leaves the influence of moving object away from earth direction, or gravity slowing it down, it returns to c, the speed of light, and no red shift! Neither does passing through a lens or polarized change its direction. Tired light will red shift
and the Earth is flat 😂, and what next, perhaps an electric Universe theory?
I don’t like communicating this information to the public when it’s not even peer reviewed.
Pop science news will communicate it misleadingly anyway, and having the voice of actual physicists communicating it with the appropriate evidentiary caveats is the best compromise here.
This sounds quite intriguing. I want more about it please.
Hi Dr Becky. I accidently stumbled across this video and i watched spell bound. I didnt understand a word but your passion was wonderful, well done!
Betteridge's Law of Headlines. The answer is "No"
The word “crisis” is ridiculous. As a professional astronomer myself, that is simply a silly word to use. .
Agreed. Using this ridiculous term is playing into the hands of the anti-science crowd. It's an opportunity, not a crisis.
Blood sells, even in science reporting. It's not the science that's at fault here. It's the audience.
@@davidhoward4715 The anti-science are best just ignoring completely. No need to account for what they might say or do because they will always find a way to trash anything real scientists do
I agree, but it came from a paper from Di Valentino, Melchiorri & Silk and the term stuck: arxiv.org/abs/1911.02087
But there’s no reason you can’t quit using it and just call it the Hubble tension. It’s very misleading, especially when it gets into main stream media reporting.
Your channel is amazing and so intresting Becky - I truly love what you are doing. thank you so much!!
I absolutely Love your channel!
I absolutely categorically hate premieres.
Congratulations 🎉🎉🎉
I report every one I see
Ditto. we have KZhead to watch video on demand. just release it when you’re ready.
@@AA-vs9kh I would easily tolerate premieres if they were used the intended way - as premieres for something special. If it's a regular content that is posted on schedule, it's not worthy of a premiere. If creator worked on something special for a year and announced that, sure that's absolutely an occasion for a premiere.
Especially *new* ones.
Please don't do pre-announcements again, none of us like them. It's the wrong platform for that.
What do you mean by pre-announcement? The reaction shorts I made in the run up? Or setting this video as a premiere?
@@DrBecky I think people dislike premiers because we see something pop up as a new video, we want to watch it, and then find out it'll come out hours later. Honestly it kind of works against you because people won't just wait around for it to come out and they may not think to check back later (most people won't click the notification button)
@@kevinwells9751 Well, to each his/her own; but I *appreciate* her “preview of coming attractions” videos, and enjoyed getting TWO of them this time around! But then again, the Crisis In Cosmology is a topic in which I am very interested, so here I sit, glued to the screen, waiting for the video to roll. (I’m EARLY for once!)
@@kevinwells9751 I was about to go to bed saw this and went to watch what's another twenty minutes (5 AM for me)
I like the premises and lead up to new videos, it gets me thinking about the topic