Ultimate Minecraft Underground Raiding Guide - Dungeon, Mineshaft, Stronghold & More!

2024 ж. 3 Мам.
529 957 Рет қаралды

Ultimate Minecraft Underground Raiding Guide
🔵Discord: / discord
🐤Twitter: / eyecraft_mc
🟪Twitch: / eyecraftmc
Learn How To Find and Raid Dungeons in Minecraft and How To Find and Raid Abandoned Mineshafts in Minecraft also How To Find and Raid Strongholds in Minecraft 1.19 Bedrock and Java Edition, How To Find a Stronghold Easily and Looting an Abandoned Mineshaft Minecraft Survival Guide also How To Find Dungeons in Minecraft 1.19 and Mob Spawners and Mineshafts Minecraft Guide also How To Find And Raid Ancient Cities in Minecraft 1.19 Cave Update and Minecraft Deep Dark Guide!
📑Chapters📑
0:00 - Underground Raiding
0:10 - How To Find Dungeons
2:11 - How To Raid Dungeons
4:56 - How To Find Mineshafts
6:53 - How To Raid Mineshafts
8:53 - Mineshaft Generation
9:53 - How To Find Strongholds
11:49 - How To Find Strongholds
15:08 - Ancient City Raiding
17:12 - Finding Amethyst Geodes

Пікірлер
  • I love how one of Eyecraft's reasons for not breaking mob spawners is that "it hurts me very much" which I have to agree with, please just place one torch instead

    @hitavi4965@hitavi4965 Жыл бұрын
    • This is the reason I came to the comment section

      @brandonwilson9311@brandonwilson9311 Жыл бұрын
    • Silverfish spawner left the chat because it was broken

      @tianhanfan8368@tianhanfan8368 Жыл бұрын
    • In 13:47

      @tianhanfan8368@tianhanfan8368 Жыл бұрын
    • It's also faster

      @Christopher-zt7ni@Christopher-zt7ni Жыл бұрын
    • Might as well disable it and come back later to make a farm, rather than destroy it forever.

      @vintagestealth8802@vintagestealth8802 Жыл бұрын
  • Your ability to explain things normally while summoning the warden is beyond the ability to work under pressure XD

    @rainzy9991@rainzy9991 Жыл бұрын
    • lol thanks

      @Eyecraftmc@Eyecraftmc Жыл бұрын
    • He probably records audio after the footage

      @Travis_DeGee@Travis_DeGee Жыл бұрын
    • I thought it was an AI voice 😳

      @butterball2409@butterball2409 Жыл бұрын
    • @@butterball2409 lol no it isnt

      @Im_not_Rookie@Im_not_Rookie11 ай бұрын
    • ​@@butterball2409nah mf just speaks like that lol

      @AlexRealster@AlexRealster10 ай бұрын
  • "some people break mob spawners and I would not suggest this, the reason why is that not only does it hurt me very deeply inside.." That deadpan delivery had me DYING 😂

    @dogbee@dogbee Жыл бұрын
  • 5:37 , i never knew that mineshafts have a central room. Today i learned...

    @IxamusMC@IxamusMC Жыл бұрын
  • One trick I like to use when caving or exploring underground is to try and place all my torches on the left wall as I go forward. That way, when I decide to return, I know to keep the torches on my right to find my way back.

    @megaman161@megaman161 Жыл бұрын
    • i do this too, except i place them on my right and then forget that i could be keeping them on my left to avoid getting lost 😂 (and then i get lost)

      @sociallysatanic@sociallysatanic7 ай бұрын
  • What separates you from other mc content creators is that go straight to the point...no misinformation...just pure accuracy and sensible tips...thx bro...much love brother 👏👏👏🗿

    @comfortofentsemotlogelwa4419@comfortofentsemotlogelwa4419 Жыл бұрын
  • dude i love this guy he saved my Minecraft burnout

    @breadworm@breadworm Жыл бұрын
  • At 10:45, the chart for the strongholds isn't there. But still a fantastic video nonetheless! Subscribed!

    @tylerf6583@tylerf6583 Жыл бұрын
    • Wdym

      @shubhambhosale2812@shubhambhosale2812 Жыл бұрын
  • I really wanted to do a full survival world but exploring and not dying feels so impossible

    @tylerronde@tylerronde Жыл бұрын
    • Never know until you try!

      @AquamentusLives@AquamentusLives Жыл бұрын
    • Go for it, can’t imagine a better game to try new things in

      @ArnPlaysGaems@ArnPlaysGaems Жыл бұрын
    • Mini base with chest and bed at the entrance to a new cave. Only take in what you need, and if you die, you can start over and recover unless you fell into lava. 👍🏼

      @cassieo@cassieo Жыл бұрын
    • That’s cause it is my friend

      @xForeverActivex@xForeverActivex Жыл бұрын
    • Knowing and braving the risks will make the rewards you obtain even feel even greater!

      @achillchilly7110@achillchilly7110 Жыл бұрын
  • Thank you for the constant educational uploads. I've adjusted to 1.19 seamlessly because of you. Thank you Mr. Eye !

    @sirkealoha9085@sirkealoha9085 Жыл бұрын
  • I have developed a torching method that has virtually eliminated the chances of getting lost. When exploring caves and such that are maze-like start a habit of only placing touches on wall, on your right hand side. If you happen to need light on the left I would place these torches upright so as to be distinct from the wall torches. Explore away and when it's time to go keep all the wall torches on your left. Found something cool you want to get back to easily? Use redstone/soul torches as a unique marker. Best of luck!

    @Brehvon@Brehvon Жыл бұрын
    • This, except I place my torches on the left side, so when I'm heading home, torches on my right are the "right" way home

      @HeadHunter697@HeadHunter697 Жыл бұрын
    • I’ve been doing it this way for 10+ years lol. Except place on the left because ‘returning right’

      @chasewarnick2599@chasewarnick2599 Жыл бұрын
    • ​@@HeadHunter697I've been doing this since 2010, but I place them on the right so it's the right way home lol

      @TKOfromJohn@TKOfromJohn10 ай бұрын
    • I see I'm not alone 😆

      @TKOfromJohn@TKOfromJohn10 ай бұрын
  • This is a tutorial I’ve been needing for a while. Super helpful, thanks eye! I wish I could give you more subscribers, because you deserve millions.

    @noxqll@noxqll Жыл бұрын
    • Glad it was helpful!

      @Eyecraftmc@Eyecraftmc Жыл бұрын
    • @@Eyecraftmc yeah! All of your videos are incredibly helpful, and even after playing minecraft for over a decade, I still find myself learning something new every single video. I can’t imagine how much time it takes to make a video, but know that i really love the videos you create.

      @noxqll@noxqll Жыл бұрын
  • I'm guessing if they made mesa mineshafts with dark wood is for them to be easier to spot from afar. Think about it, most wood is light brown, reddish or kinda orange, all those colors are very similar to the whole terrain in that Biome.

    @DanCreaMundos@DanCreaMundos Жыл бұрын
  • I always have a hard time finding the portal room. Usually it's because there is a mineshaft or cave intersecting. A couple of times the portal room was completely disconnected from the hallways and I never would have found it without spectator mode.

    @dahelmang@dahelmang Жыл бұрын
  • Wasn't exactly a myth. Early versions of minecraft had light work differently, as well as the light levels of mob spawning requiring more light to disablethan it does now. So while it is no longer required now, more than a single torch was required to deactivate spawners a long time ago (not the walls though).

    @someone-ji2zb@someone-ji2zb Жыл бұрын
  • Yay a video about underground structures. I missed this info in your caveing biome guide. This is awesome :)

    @Drie_Kleuren@Drie_Kleuren Жыл бұрын
  • I played minecraft again recently and I think the last version I played was 1.14, at first it was overwhelming the huge amount of things that were there and your guides helped me a lot, thanks for explaining everything in detail and making it very dynamic and fun to watch

    @juako0407@juako0407 Жыл бұрын
    • i've got a 14.4 world i've been playing for years. always give the updates a year or two but then go back. it's only running a handful of mods but i'm afraid to update it.

      @BeBopScraBoo@BeBopScraBoo Жыл бұрын
  • As someone who hasn't actually played since 1.14, these guides are absolutely amazing!

    @nihi@nihi9 ай бұрын
  • 7:36 I have had a couple of times where I went underground at the start of a fresh world. Ran low on food and used the melons to and bones to farm a couple of melons quickly if you are really in need of food quick

    @Drie_Kleuren@Drie_Kleuren Жыл бұрын
  • Your guides are pretty easy to understand. Good job! 👍

    @georgmeinecke5370@georgmeinecke5370 Жыл бұрын
  • i used your mob spawner and ive been big stacked on xp since yoyr the man eyecraft

    @thedaddycal420@thedaddycal420 Жыл бұрын
  • Been watching all your guides, very helpful for an experienced miner. Great to listen to as I mill around my realm. Thank you for being genuine and not some clownish hype lord. Next toast is for Eye guy!!!

    @SolAce118@SolAce118 Жыл бұрын
  • Bro you are such a talented Individual, I recently have been getting into minecraft after the years with my Spouse. Your videos are so smooth and well informed I feel like I became a pro again just watching your content. Amazing and highly underrated you're gonna go far g!

    @rjaysanchez7813@rjaysanchez7813 Жыл бұрын
  • Love this videos getting info of the structures and details i didn't know, this are great videos.

    @oscarpichardo941@oscarpichardo941 Жыл бұрын
  • Dude, your calm voice is the best to watch guides, do more!

    @filipeantunes4391@filipeantunes4391 Жыл бұрын
  • Awesome guide video as always! P.S. Not sure anyone else mentioned, but at 10:40ish when you explaining stronghold generations, you didn't display a chart (not that it's hard 2 find on the web).

    @xSveto40397@xSveto40397 Жыл бұрын
  • Nice video! Keep up amazing work.

    @GeOrg-vy3uv@GeOrg-vy3uv9 ай бұрын
  • 10:45 I love that chart, amazing colors!

    @aprobaralaprimera8108@aprobaralaprimera8108 Жыл бұрын
  • Awesome video man keep up the amazing work :)

    @simonrileyg@simonrileyg Жыл бұрын
  • In my world seed, not only did I find a taiga village, but underneath it there's a mineshaft. Then beneath that, there is the stronghold, and under the stronghold lies an ancient city. All in a line basically straight down below the village.

    @skywardswag2012@skywardswag2012 Жыл бұрын
    • That's awesome. Prepare your seed because people will ask for it.

      @OVERLORDCLOWN@OVERLORDCLOWN Жыл бұрын
    • @@OVERLORDCLOWNprepare your seed? At least take me out to dinner first

      @user-in6zu7ng4v@user-in6zu7ng4v3 ай бұрын
    • @@user-in6zu7ng4v I see that you're a man of culture

      @gplay6698@gplay66983 ай бұрын
  • It's late and I'm really tired and your voice is so relaxing that I could sleep with it❤ You explain really well and just as I mentioned your voice is really relaxing!!

    @christianvoigt14@christianvoigt1411 ай бұрын
  • you have taught us so much ! thank you ‼️‼️‼️‼️

    @untiltheyfeelmysound@untiltheyfeelmysound2 ай бұрын
  • I got a server with some friends where I found 2 ancient cities and 1 Dungeon in the first week of playing, the first ancient had a mineshaft going over it because the centre was just a few block outside the “deep dark” Felt really cool because it also was my first time playing after a few years

    @invitedscroll_5012@invitedscroll_5012 Жыл бұрын
  • They made mineshafts in mesa biomes different because specifically for mineshafts in mesa biomes where the chance of gold is already higher and at higher y levels, mesa mineshafts can generate with openings to the surface, and theres a small chance the mineshaft is a "gold mine" where you can find over double the amount of gold as normal per chunk and gold is almost as commonly occurring as iron

    @jansonshrock2859@jansonshrock2859 Жыл бұрын
  • Thanks Eyecraft, you helped me very much with your vids

    @TechnoSwoRd1321@TechnoSwoRd132111 ай бұрын
  • Funny you should put this out while I'm clearing out an abandoned mine and planning out the zombie dungeon XP farm. My clerics will be happily trading soon! I already have a spider spawner XP farm. I just need a skelly spawner now.

    @justme_gb@justme_gb Жыл бұрын
  • My way of navigating the strong hold once you have reached the portal room is to bring a lot of scaffoldings and just keep digging upwards. That way, go you get a straight vertical pathway to the room.

    @yenroman.create@yenroman.create Жыл бұрын
  • You need Shears to collect the very rare Small Dripleafs, but those and Spore Blossoms are highly collectable, as they can only be found in the wild.

    @_Abjuranax_@_Abjuranax_ Жыл бұрын
  • Thanks for the tips Eyecraft 🏆

    @TheeSlickShady@TheeSlickShady Жыл бұрын
  • Thanks again!

    @theendarkenedilluminatus4342@theendarkenedilluminatus4342 Жыл бұрын
  • I can't believe I'm still getting tips even after watching your videos for almost a year lol... Also major butch points for slapping the creeper even though eminent death was inevitable...

    @taniaphillips3124@taniaphillips3124 Жыл бұрын
  • Love your videos bro

    @vadok148B@vadok148B Жыл бұрын
  • another excellent video!

    @Skyrocketrecords56@Skyrocketrecords56 Жыл бұрын
  • I only just realized that the portal in the ancient city looks like the warden

    @halesm5720@halesm5720 Жыл бұрын
  • I love your content!

    @jjane222@jjane222 Жыл бұрын
  • I recently started a new world with friends. I traveled very far for a place to build my base, but upon entering the caves, I found a mineshaft, 2 mob spawners, a amethyst place and the warden😁

    @krustykim2026@krustykim2026 Жыл бұрын
    • Minecraft is nuts like that. Their cave updates have to be the best, because my friend did the same and wandered off. They ended up tapping into a cave, and we decided to explore on a whim. . . CUT TO ONE MONTH LATER, IN REAL TIME. We finally got out of the cave.

      @candlelitpeppermintcarniva8509@candlelitpeppermintcarniva850911 ай бұрын
  • If you don't want to break the silverfish spawner, make sure to carry a few jack'o lanterns to deactivate them (simple torches won't do)

    @tomaskadlec9534@tomaskadlec95347 ай бұрын
  • I appreciate how you’re clear that some of the information you’re giving is exclusive to Java. I’m mostly a Bedrock player and I always have to guess if sth will work or test it out multiple times until I figure out I’m not making a mistake it just doesn’t work in Bedrock. I’m wondering if the single torch works in bedrock… does anyone know?

    @butterbee_bb@butterbee_bb Жыл бұрын
    • I can confrim for you, just made a spawner farm a few days ago and yes, spawners can be disabled with a single torch on Bedrock.

      @HeadHunter697@HeadHunter697 Жыл бұрын
  • Rotten flesh is my dog food in minecraft. Wolves/doggies don't have a hunger bar, so it doesn't negatively affect them at all! It is usable for healing & breeding them. All this to say that I don't break zombie spawners even though they're often considered the least valuable. They're decent for an early mid game mob grinder for xp, plus when a player kills them they have a chance to drop their rarer loot like iron ingots, armor, carrots, and potatoes! It's also easy to bait them into a water elevator with a villager safely boxed on the other side of it 😅

    @revenevan11@revenevan11 Жыл бұрын
    • You can even turn it into a copper farm instead of iron farm if you make them drown before killing them.

      @sixolddereks2130@sixolddereks2130 Жыл бұрын
    • @@sixolddereks2130 I didn't know that! Thanks for the tip!!

      @revenevan11@revenevan11 Жыл бұрын
  • Not sure if this makes a big difference to most people, but zombie spawners can also occasionally spawn zombie villagers. I've used them to populate mushroom islands in my own survival world

    @quackzy9872@quackzy98728 ай бұрын
  • Great video :)

    @ReytGood@ReytGood Жыл бұрын
  • If u use fletcher villager for stick to emerald you can abuse spiderspawner for string to emerald trade they also have so basically doubling youre emerald gains =D

    @poujhn1293@poujhn129311 ай бұрын
  • thank you

    @gjcdfjgdc7802@gjcdfjgdc780211 ай бұрын
  • People overlook cave spider farms but they are really helpful if you need wool for cheap and dont wanna build a wool farm which in my opinion causes much more lag than a spider farm. When I go for netherite farming, I use beds, whose wool I get from my spider farm.

    @SJ-pt1wy@SJ-pt1wy Жыл бұрын
  • A tip from a friend I learned about yesterday: You can use the seeds underground to grow emergency food. Use bone meal you can get from bones killing skeletons and grow the food instantly.

    @ottertank8845@ottertank8845 Жыл бұрын
  • I hope you see this. I just really wanted to thank you for making your videos its really helped me a lot playing minecraft! Big thanks from Korea

    @WinningAndLoserGame@WinningAndLoserGame Жыл бұрын
    • Thank you for watching them! I really appreciate the support :D

      @Eyecraftmc@Eyecraftmc Жыл бұрын
  • i think that the pillager mansion is the best book gathering place. they have a pretty big library too.

    @KillerGumby-ll5xc@KillerGumby-ll5xc Жыл бұрын
  • All of the loot is great! Proceeds to show us bane of arthropods 3 enchanted book lol

    @Barrier2546@Barrier25462 ай бұрын
  • Been playing Minecraft since 2011. Until this video I've never thought to use water to clear cobwebs...

    @billp6602@billp6602 Жыл бұрын
  • I was just trying to figure this out

    @MC_Guy@MC_Guy Жыл бұрын
  • What song did you use in between 11:30 and 14:30?

    @ObsidianFoxPlayz@ObsidianFoxPlayz9 ай бұрын
  • I dud figure out recently you can make an nether portal road to it. It makes it way faster

    @TheDimensionalTraveler@TheDimensionalTraveler9 ай бұрын
  • Maybe it has changed on the newer updates but one other difference with the cave spiders is they can fit through a 1x1 hole unlike the normal spiders.

    @TheOmw2000@TheOmw2000 Жыл бұрын
  • My method for a few of these is to explore by sticking to the left at all times. Eventually you'll have explored everything. Also block off any rooms or corridors that you never need to go to again.

    @alanredversangel@alanredversangel Жыл бұрын
    • But circles

      @kevinkelley1225@kevinkelley1225 Жыл бұрын
  • 3:21 There is a link in the description for the mob farm but not an "eye card" (Info Card) on the screen.

    @poikilos2182@poikilos2182Ай бұрын
  • Wait can I have this seed? This would be fun to build in that underground mineshaft

    @Suicu@Suicu Жыл бұрын
  • Idk if it changed but when ancient cities came out i found my first one by having one of the downward stairs in a mineshaft lead into it

    @alexdaburrito1711@alexdaburrito17119 ай бұрын
  • Come on babe, new eyecraftmc just dropped

    @berna8803@berna8803 Жыл бұрын
    • “Oh honey it’s wonderful!”

      @ArnPlaysGaems@ArnPlaysGaems Жыл бұрын
  • My favorite mineshaft method is to mine out all the walls and make it one huge open mineshaft so I can see everything. NOT efficient in the slightest lol but I get so lost even when trying to keep track of where I’m going because they often generate in complicated ways or look like 2 mineshafts intersecting each other. So I just…carve the whole thing out.

    @TBSxDRUMS@TBSxDRUMS2 ай бұрын
  • "It's incredibly rare to have a dungeon with 0 chests in it." Me: Has seen 3 of them with no chests in a single world. (On a positive note, these guides are great for me. I haven't played Minecraft since around the 1.11 days, so this is a great way to catch up~)

    @TwilightPrince123@TwilightPrince123 Жыл бұрын
  • I was just searching 5 hours ago if eyecraftmc already made a video about this exact subject cause i cant stand other youtubers talking for saying nothing Then Eyecraftmc uploads that exact guide i was searching an hour after lol

    @ts1depth286@ts1depth286 Жыл бұрын
  • I just found my first ancient city in my world and it has an abandoned mine shaft spawned in the ancient city with a cave spider spawner on it.

    @daveyhutchison4091@daveyhutchison4091 Жыл бұрын
  • I had 2 mob spawners very close to my base but i never thought i would need a mob farm so i broke them and used them for mossy cobblestone, i never wanted to slap my past self so much in my life

    @nacho6322@nacho6322 Жыл бұрын
  • In my opinion the spider spawner is really the only useful mob spawner. As you can create a mob farm very easily without needing any spawners however spiders don't spawn very much in these so for farming spider eyes for brewing, spider spawners become your best friend

    @swiggitysalmon8380@swiggitysalmon8380 Жыл бұрын
  • Interesting video

    @ElektrahCrowe@ElektrahCrowe Жыл бұрын
  • Can you say the cordination of the lush cave have mineshaft i want that seed

    @arjunkp4035@arjunkp4035 Жыл бұрын
  • I love my skeleton spawner farm. It’s so close to my base and it’s made out of tinted glass.

    @Pickchore@Pickchore Жыл бұрын
  • Nice

    @dradd1234_yt@dradd1234_yt Жыл бұрын
  • I found a zombie and a skelton spawner next to each other near a mine shaft and made them into a exp farm! I think I am very very lucky.

    @unidentified7164@unidentified716411 ай бұрын
  • What cray do you use ?

    @kingopsl00l98@kingopsl00l98 Жыл бұрын
  • 10:40 what a helpful chart

    @peeblekitty5780@peeblekitty578010 ай бұрын
  • I asked this on a couple of other videos but if fossils spawn in deserts and swamps doesn't that mean it's always better to mine for diamonds there ?

    @zakariyapedersen5715@zakariyapedersen5715 Жыл бұрын
  • in my first world I found an air exsposed spawner above ground, with an god apple

    @Im_not_Rookie@Im_not_Rookie11 ай бұрын
  • Perfect timed upload lol

    @j.k.3560@j.k.3560 Жыл бұрын
  • I didn't know the starting room in mineshafts no longer has a dirt floor! Apparently, that also changed in 1.18.

    @goddessofmintaka@goddessofmintaka Жыл бұрын
  • 2:56 i chuckled

    @itzkuma-speedpaints1653@itzkuma-speedpaints1653 Жыл бұрын
  • Another thing to note is that mineshafts are GODLY in mesa biomes. You'll find SO much gold by just walking around, it's great.

    @thewhitejawa@thewhitejawa10 ай бұрын
  • Juicy Warden!

    @Megamember678@Megamember678 Жыл бұрын
  • Missing the chart for Java strongholds at 10: 45. Otherwise a great and informative video as always. Keep up the great work 🤙

    @green_beard_87@green_beard_87 Жыл бұрын
  • I use ur Videos more for like sleeping and getting tired lol

    @vxczv8823@vxczv8823 Жыл бұрын
    • Haha I've used his videos to sleep to a lot too.

      @hundragant@hundragant Жыл бұрын
  • I found an enchanted golden apple and diamonds in minecart chests I found while exploring a mineshaft in a lush biome. Guess I'm in the 1.4% 😎

    @blop_the_blob@blop_the_blob Жыл бұрын
  • also you forgot to mention in mesa biome mineshafts are a lot of gold ores to find

    @CzechSkiller@CzechSkiller Жыл бұрын
  • It's weird, I found a stronghold that has a mineshaft cutting directly through the library, which leads into the heart of an ancient city. Literally, one of the tracks generated almost immediately beside the central monument of the city. This was in bedrock mind you. I'll see if I can find the seed somehow. Weird to see a mineshaft covered in skulk.

    @StrakBlue@StrakBlue Жыл бұрын
  • How has things changed since 1.20, regarding the mineshafts, strongholds/libraries, etc?

    @BrambleJam@BrambleJam9 ай бұрын
  • I'm sorry eyecraft that I hurt you. I broke the spawners. But never again... 😔

    @blop_the_blob@blop_the_blob Жыл бұрын
  • Can you plz make a series where you use the year as a seed for example 2023 or -2203?

    @cameronspina3285@cameronspina3285 Жыл бұрын
    • Also thank you for saying Mesa and not Badlands

      @cameronspina3285@cameronspina3285 Жыл бұрын
  • Please also include the armour trims

    @mikaeelmuazzam8649@mikaeelmuazzam8649 Жыл бұрын
    • He probably made this video before they were announced, and just uploaded it now

      @JJLarge@JJLarge Жыл бұрын
    • @@JJLarge likely but I'm still very exited

      @mikaeelmuazzam8649@mikaeelmuazzam8649 Жыл бұрын
  • I usually put a nether portal near the end portal. Then I make a blue ice highway there from my base; it's better than even the elytra

    @kylebowles9820@kylebowles9820 Жыл бұрын
    • Wouldn't even think of getting there any other way, one time I was nether tunneling to the end portal, placed the portal in the nether and teleported directly in front of the end portal

      @HeadHunter697@HeadHunter697 Жыл бұрын
  • Just recently found a dungeon generated inside the basement of the igloo which was curious

    @jsh9048@jsh9048 Жыл бұрын
  • i've been playing minecraft since 2013 and today is when i learned water will instantly destroy cobwebs

    @johnmccormick86@johnmccormick86Ай бұрын
KZhead