Was Arabia Pagan at the Time of Muhammad? | Pre-Islamic Arabian Monotheism | w/ Dr. Ahmad Al-Jallad
2023 ж. 21 Мам.
11 667 Рет қаралды
This is a clip about additional epigraphic evidence which suggests that the entire Arabian Peninsula went through a "monotheistic revolution" in the centuries before Islam. The discovery and study of many inscriptions from the region by Ahmad Al-Jallad and others show a decisive shift to monotheism before Islam. This clip is taken from my interview with Dr. Ahmad Al-Jallad. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe to the channel and like the video! Please be sure to check out the full interview here: • Ahmad Al-Jallad [II]: ...
One thing of interest, there are mentioned word of milata Ibrahim which described as Hanif,.so there should be at least pre Islamic Hijaz knew and adopted the way of Ibrahim as monotheistic stance. Dr Jallad seems to confirms this by pre Islamic inscriptions, Alhamdulillah 😊
Basically. Two men in this video think that traditional narrative, as recorded in sira and hadith, portraying Meccans as Pagans, is actually a fabrication. So they don't think that "some" hijaz people are hanif, but "most" hijaz people are hanif.
In one of the youtube lecture Zayd ibn Amr (few more names exists) was referred as Hanif. His son Sa'id ibn Zayd (RA) is one of the 10 companions promised paradise.
They heard about Abraham from Jews and Christians who lived there.
Won’t this undermine your theological narrative? One of the central claims to the Quran’s supposed miraculous nature was that it was created in a highly polytheist environment…..
@@j.mtherandomguy8701 no it's not there was some people following ibrahim monotheism but there weren't that many we already know that
So if I understand well: by the end of 5th century, the whole peninsula was converted to monotheism and 3 of the anciens goddess were now seen as some kind of angels ?
A possible theory to explain this is that the Arabs who became Muslim simply tried to wipe out all traces of polytheism, including writings. And since they were able to read the new Arabic script and probably not the old Nabatean one, it makes since that that's what they would wipe out. It's also a way of saving face for one's dead relative of tribesman who died a mushrik.
This is what a Muslim would do. They would not allow devotions of polytheistic god to exist. Also the dating is not an exact science. There are so many variables, these guys just hone in on one thing. Its not as if the whole of history can be known from a few found inscriptions
Let's not forget, he is referring to only 4 inscriptions.
there is no evidence that anyone tried to wipe out any history, this all in your imagination
Before islaam there was Hinduism in Saudi Arabia
@@user-gz2qh2fm1m worse still, Mecca has been massively developed, it's area increased hundreds of fold. Mountains destroyed, including a lot of Islamic history. The vast majority of Muslims do not follow the wahabi aqeedah that formed the saudi arabian government. They went on a spree of destroying Islamic heritage sites let alone what they would do to Pagan. This is a known fact. How can you expect to find Pagan inscriptions when most of Mecca was rebuilt, a hundred times the size, by a wahabist government? These people are so ignorant.
After 1:32 he mentions an inscriptions which as far as I understand invokes both Dusara and Hubal at the same place. Is that true? Can we see that? Because if so it implies that Dusara and Hubal are different gods.
Not only during 5th and 6th century but also earlier
I understand it is difficult to pursue the belief in the hereafter, but this is possibly the most important belief because without it, everything else is relative oncluding believing in God!
Could it be that the new monotheist movements destroyed all the records they could from the pagan religions and that's why we dont see more of them?
@@loolylooly81 Utter tosh, where are you getting this 'story'?
Of course. It's always the same.
Excuse me Dr. Jallad. There was another explanation for the word Rahmanan, which is a Persian word has nothing to do with gods.
This is all predicated on Mecca existing during that time which we have to date no archaeological evidence for it.
Mecca or Bakkah is mentioned in the heavenly books, in history, in literature, and in ancient rock inscriptions, so your words express an ignorant person who does not read.
@@user-kj8yl6sn2z I see we have someone not very bright. Provide your sources.
Claiming mecca didn't exist is as silly as claiming your grandfather didn't exist it's too silly seriously find another thing to play with
@@ggghgf885 show us any archaeological evidence for a Mecca or STFU.
@@user-kj8yl6sn2z Can you show a map before Mohammad that lists Mecca? Where are these rock inscriptions prior to the time of Mohammad that mention Mecca?
Even followers of Krishna claim to be monotheistic! The question is; when people of Arabia suddenly turned into monotheism, did they consider the GOD of Abraham, Issac and Jacob as the one and true Al Mighty and Al Merciful? The same whom Moses speaks of? [Exo 6:2-3 NASB] 2 God spoke further to Moses and said to him, "I am the LORD(YHWH) ; 3 and I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as God Almighty, but [by] My name, LORD (YHWH), I did not make Myself known to them.
considering Abraham is theyre father, the sabeans that followed john the baptist were considered people of the book, the muslims supported the roman empire over the pagan persian empire because thy were closer n belief, and about a thousand other examples that muslims are the true monotheists
@@Noorfollower Not even the people who presented this program can say with certainty that the monotheism of Islam roots in the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. Your statement is riddled with speculation and carries zero weight. In fact if the Old Testament is to be considered as the point of reference then Islam is without a doubt a counterfeit religion and one that leads people to be deceived, but then again you’d say the Old Testament has been changed! So let me ask you; whose will was it for it to be changed, Allah’s?
The people of the book are the Hindus. The Vedas rig, yajur, sama & athrva, is from India as its the oldest scriptures on earth.The sabeans are none other than Sabaisam the followers of Lord Shiva. And Abraham is none other than Lord Bramha and his wife Sara is actually Sarasvathy. Adam and Eveavathi landed in India 7,200 years ago after being banished from heaven by the God almighty Mahavishnu for eating the forbidden fruit. All their children lived and died in India and their mummies are preserved in South India. The world worships Lord Brahma Lord Mahavishnuand Lord and Lord Shiva. Who are the trinity/thrimurthi, creator, operator and distroyer and regenerator
@@aishvarrya3617vedas doesn't mentions these stories
Ahmad Jallad's interpretation of the previous gods being recast as lesser beings that could be revered as intercessors to Allah is plainly incorrect based on the very Quran'c verse he cites 39:3. As the Quran has the mushrikin say they worship the intercessors نَعْبُدُهُمْ and the verse is predicated on these lesser deities being 'shuraka' (partners) in being the 'object' of worship. So Jallad's saying they ultimately only worship Allah makes little sense the mushrikin literally say: مَا نَعْبُدُهُمْ إِلَّا لِيقَرِّبُونَا إِلَى اللَّهِ زُلْفَى : "We worship them only that they may bring us near unto Allah".
The Quran was not written by the mushrikin though, but by its opponents. So we don't expect it to accurately represent them. What we know as fact is what's in the epigraphic record. That shows only Allah was worshipped. So any other deities mentioned in the Quran had to be less important than Allah. Of course, oral prayers and rituals may have been done in their name. They may even have considered them "deities." But the fact that only Allah's name was being invoked in rock means he held a supreme position. For Muhammad, that fact wouldn't have mattered obviously. It was crossing a line. It's somewhat similar to the accusations Protestant Christians make against Catholics of worshipping Mary and the Saints.
@@pheeel17 Forgive me, but there is a lot of reaching in your position.
you clearly dont understand the verse of the Quran. the problem is that you have been brought up with misconception that Arabs were extreme polytheist , that you misread the verse of the Quran through a biased vison. it is very clear that the Mushrikkeen did believe in 1 high God , and that they worshiped the other gods as lesser gods. so Ahmad AlJallad is right and you are wrong
@@pheeel17"it's somewhat similar to Protestants accusing Catholics.." exactly! And that's what makes both the pre Islamic pagans and possibly the Catholics who do that practice, not monotheistic by Islamic standards. For there to be an intercessory at all on earth to reach god is the very thing that is condemned in the Quran. If you're saying that's what the Arab pagans did then you simply agree with the Quran, nothing more.
Crone ignored the Jewish dimension completely. It was Jews who converted the Arabs to Noahides. And then later from this group became Messianic Noahides. Proto Islam
Jews this, jews that. No mention that the Arabs of Hijaz & Najd are Ishmaelites, and Abraham's eldest. No mention of the fact that Jews were always in the shackle of sIavery, subordinate to foreigners, while the independent Ishmaelites had an entire subcontinent for a homeland. Bigots wants us to believe that the freedom-loving, successful and dominating Ishmalites are influenced by a marginalized incompetent minority such as the Jews! Not to mention that Christianity & Judaism are Arabian religions that got dearabied by indo-europeans.
@@user-hx5qz3tv8b and who is ishmael compared to isaac..
@@2Sage-7Poets Who is Isaac? There isn't a single archeological evidence or ancient historical reference for Isaac & his offspring.
@@user-hx5qz3tv8b and ishmael have?
@@2Sage-7Poets Greek, Roman, Syriac, Christian, and Jewish sources know who Ishmael is, and who his blest descendants are, and where their homeland is. Plus, Assyrian and Babylonian royal inscriptions and North Arabian inscriptions from 9th to 6th century BC, mention the king of Qedar, sometimes as Arab and sometimes as Ishmaelite. The names "Nabat, Kedar, Abdeel, Dumah, Massa, and Teman" were mentioned in the Assyrian royal inscriptions as Arabian tribes. Jesur was mentioned in Greek inscriptions in the First Century BC. Assyrian and Babylonian Inscriptions have referred to the Ishmaelites as "Sumu'ilu" and Ernst Knauf had written that Yisma'el is a typical West Semitic Personal name found in texts from the 3rd Millennium BC to pre-Islamic Arabic in the First Half of the First Millennium CE. He argues that the North Arabian "Sama'il" would be rendered "Shumu'il" by Assyrians, and would have the same meaning as "Yisma'el" and hence the Shumu'ilu Tribes would be descended to an ancestor named Yisma'el, which is anglicized as Ishmael. One of the Inscriptions mentioning the Ishmaelites is Sennacherib's Annals, in column vii line 96. The Ishmaelite Confederacy did have differences. The Qedar Tribe’s political center was Duma (Dumat Al-Jandal 🇸🇦), which was also the cultic residence of the six deities of the “king of the Arabs” ..
I have a feeling that the Quranic context is much more ancient than we think.
Depends what one means! The Quran does refer to earlier beliefs very openly.
@@Zarghaam12 But the audience also from more ancient period than 7th century
@@babavolanath9794 All the prophets were Muslims and their message was the same, which is Islamic monotheism, i.e. the worship of the Creator without an intermediary, the difference in legislation that changes according to the time and place of each people. The first Muslim was the Prophet Adam, the father of all mankind The texts of the Qur’an explicitly state that the prophets are Muslims such as Moses, Noah, Jesus, David, etc.. Some of the prophets mentioned in the Qur’an
@@user-kj8yl6sn2z those prophets never says they are muslims you are making lies again
@@user-kj8yl6sn2z you are retroactively applying a term not known until 8th century. No one was a Muslim or knew what a Muslim was. Even those writing about the Arab conquests called them Saracens, Ishmaelities, Hagarites etc never Muslims.
Would like to see you discuss the Yemeni Himyarite inscription from 523AD decades before "Muhammad" existed, a prayer finishing with "Rahmanan" and "MHMD" Who is the praised one here? I'd recommend the Robert Kerr interview on Islamic Origins too.
Robert Kerr is a troll.
@Captain Quwa if you can't engage with any critical enquiry in your faith, stick to the echo chamber of dawahgandists or grow up. Either way, it's not going to stop. As Yasir Qadhi said, "In Western academia, there isn't a red line," and that infamous line " the standard narrative has holes in it!"
@@Stardust475 Robert Kerr is a Christian apologist. He completely ignores academic studies. He still holds to the non academic position that the Quran evolved over 200 years. What’s his evidence? Just speculating and ignoring the manuscript evidence and the latest studies in the transmission of the Quran by non Muslims. He is a troll. Once he steps up his game and engages with scholarship. Then we can talk.
@@Stardust475 Its not critical enquiry, its dismissed by academics.
@Lost_Is_history academia has been stuck for decades if not more tiptoeing around Muslim sentiments! The Islamic narrative is full of holes, and I'm glad to see this knowledge is becoming mainstream. The Truth doesn't mind being questioned. A lie doesn't like being challenged.
Some of the people of Mecca were on the alhnfyh religion, which is the religion of the Prophet Ibrahim, peace be upon him, such as Zaid bin Amr bin Nufail, and he was waiting for a prophet of the end of time from the descendants of Ismail, and he told the people of Mecca to greet the prophet of the end of time and that he believed that he would die before seeing this prophet, and this is what happened. These are some of those who followed the religion of the Prophet Abraham, such as Umayyah ibn Abi al-Salt, the most important leader of the Thaqif tribe. Those who were on monotheism and fought paganism were Warqa bin Nawfal, Zaid bin Amr, Othman bin Al-Huwayrith, and Ubaid Allah bin Jahsh. Waraqah bin Nawfal was a scholar of the Book, and he was the one who told the Prophet Muhammad pbuh that whoever met him in the cave was Gabriel, peace be upon him, after the Prophet Muhammad pbuh was confused and afraid and did not know what the great being he saw in the cave The wife of the Prophet Muhammed pbuh Khadija was close to Waraqah bin Nawfal and she knew that he was a scholar so she went with the Prophet Muhammad pbuh to Waraqah bin Nawfal to inquire about the great angel that the Prophet Muhammed pbuh saw in the cave The shock that affected the Prophet Muhammad pbuh when Waraqa bin Nawfal told him that the people of Mecca would expel him from Mecca? The Arabian Peninsula had prophets and messengers such as the Prophet Shuaib, the Prophet Salih, the Prophet Hood, the Prophet Ismail, etc.. Some Arab informants say that humanity began from Mecca with the meeting of Adam and Eve, and some Arab historians say that the Prophet Noah was in the Hijaz and some say that he was in the Arabian Peninsula Therefore, in ancient times, Islamic monotheism was present because all the prophets had a message of Islamic monotheism. The sermon of Qass bin Sa'idah قس بن ساعدة, which we still cherish and repeat as Arabs. It is a sermon warning the people of Makkah against polytheism and returning to the straight path. So that the people of Mecca do not suffer the affliction that befell the Pharaohs, Aad and Thamud, who were tortured by the Creator because they violated the message of the Creator and were arrogant.
Islamic mythology sure has some cute fictions. Thanks for sharing one
@@thenun1846It is the most embraced religion around the world, and whoever wants the truth and entering heaven will not believe in myths, but in facts and evidence.
@@user-kj8yl6sn2z ummm no it's not. You just started your dawah with a myth. This isn't surprising as lying is a core part of promoting Islam. Please, keep your heaven with your see through virgins and pearl-white little boys "serving" you. If the cult leader you call a prophet is going to Janna, it is my honour to go to jahanam inshallah
these references are mainly dated to the 9th century and do not have much historical value the fact that rock inscprioptions clearly show that paganism had deisappeared since the early 6th century, matches with the 0 evidence of trade routes before and after islam as much as the total absence of judaism in the area the islamic tradition is not any more a realiable tool to explain the oerigin adn teh meaning of the quranic rasm it is pefectly legitimate to deal with the islamic traidition more than mythology
@@thenun1846 so you think because of a myth suddenly the whole Arabia united under one creed of "there is no God but Allah (literally mean: the God in Arabic) and Muhammad is his last prophet and messenger " then started the march outward with all of its armies to conquer the world superpowers (byzantine, Sassanids, Coptic Egypt Nubia and kingdom of Axum north-Africa and deep in the Sahara desert and China India then continue to Indonesia eastward and Iberian peninsula westward) while being prepared to die for that message ? let me tell you something, it's impossible for millions of people to get deceived by the same myth or person and no one will die for something if he knew it wasn't real or doubted it, and from where do you think the Muslim world came from today? just because someone said he's a prophet you think all these people will believe him ? if it wasn't events which turned their lives and worldview upside down no one will die for it or even keep believing in it with that kind of faith in the first place, be sure of that, you may have believed in Santa or fairies when you were kid but after learning truth you'll let go of that belief , so the Question here is: if it was just a myth why did they hold to it like fanatics and died for it and didn't give a shit about the people whom they're facing in battle or why they didn't even doubted that myth? do you think people back then were brainless? there were already Zoroastrians Christians jews pagans(whether henotheism or polytheists) atheists (Bedouin Arabs), Sabeans ,hanifs and there were people who worshipped spirits (aka Djinn) and angels and all different kind of beliefs in the peninsula for centuries why no belief of these had prevailed or even created any difference in the ways those people lived if it was such an easy task for them to believe any myth? how come till the 7th century nothing changed for them and they didn't even bother to interact with other civilizations and kept on being tribal societies in an endless war for survival in the desert, then suddenly these seculars like people started talking about a prophet and the one God of Abraham and have uniform divine law (sharia which literally mean Law or legislation) and they all point to this same person named Muhammed as their hero and messiah like figure? why there was no such precedent like that during all the centuries before? and about jews or other groups being absent , you're just not well informed, read a book named 'A Prophet Has Appeared: the rise of islam through jewish and christian eyes by Stephen J. Shoemaker'
ANCIENT QURESH SHOUTS ALLAH HU KAABAH BEFORE MAHA MAD IS BORN
A possible explanation is that mekka as center for the origin of the quranic tex is a later tradition. It is worth to explore outside hijaiz, expecially hijiaz, as origin of the quranic rasm and focus on areas with more syriac influences
Hejaz
Southern Iraq, Tachkastan. This location is confirmed in Chinese sources, too, not Hijaz. Judaeo Arabic Quranic rasm.
@@Stardust475 can you share an academic sources to study it?
@torotorotaxi5367 Sebeos 660s AD mentions that the Jews of Edessa expelled by the Byzantines went to the sons of Ishmael (Arabs) in Tachkastan - present day Iraq. Sebeos mentions their leader Mahmet/d, not Muhammad this difference is crucial. because it's referring to a leader, a title not the name of a Muhammad character of Standard Islamic narrative. Thomas, the Presbyter, mentions " tayyaye d-Mahmet" too ( notice mahmet not Muhammad again) The Tayyaye can be found in historical records thats in present-day Iraq. The first independent Arab state formed after a war with Persian Sassanians. Battle of Dhi Qar in 622AD. The Tang dynasty records the Arab/ Tayyaye envoy sent in 640s to Chinese confirms it, this confirms the contemporary accounts. Both sources are non Islamic. Also the The Arabs recorded this as "year of the Arabs," not AH "after hijrah" The SIN was formulated under Abbasids.
@@Stardust475 I missed it The only issue with pseudo sebeos is where it is historical and where it is not Regarding the Jews expelled from edessa it is historical But then when it accuses the Jews to plot with the Arabs it is openly an anti Jewish not historical text The question is. Do we have evidence that the quranic Arabic was in use there in the east ?
May be it was due to the arrival of Jews in Arabia. Arabs recognised Abraham as their great predecessor. So, due to interaction between Arabs and Jews they started practising what thought as the religion of Abraham as pre-Islamic monotheism but still not able to give up their old gods and assigning them a lower rank to Allah
I wish this channel would show an episode about the myth named Exodus from Egypt to Sinai desert to Palestine. Although there was no country called Egypt, no desert called Sinai and there was no country called Palestine. Bearing in mind that according to the OT the escapees who could bear weapons were about six hundred thousands and other million of women and children as if there was no Egyptian army. Please explain.
We have to keep in mind that story of islam at its beginning was written with an Abbasids bias , they want to make pre-islamic arabs look bad , well the ancient arabs did worship pagan Gods but they were not worshiping the idols them selves , the idols were holy but not worshiped they just resembled a certain diety , and all those demi Gods were under the big God Allah , arabs did worship Allah as the great God and its mentioned in the Quran
The sanctification of idols is contrary to the belief of Muslims. Asking for intercession and beseeching idols and shrines contradicts the most important messages of the prophets in Islamic monotheism Islamic monotheism is the worship of the Creator without intermediaries, whether they are idols, as the people of Mecca used to do, or the worship of shrines, as the Shiites and Sufis do, or the worship of prophets or important personalities, as the Christians do with the Prophet Jesus pbuh, by worshiping him with the Creator (the Father) as they say This is the greatest sin in the Islamic faith The people of Mecca knew of the existence of the Creator and they used to say that their worship of idols is merely a request for intercession, but the texts of the Qur’an mention that such a request for intercession from idols is a worship of idols. Watch the Islamic monotheism of Sheikh Hassan Somali
@@user-kj8yl6sn2z Could you please explain the intercession of Muhammad during judgement day in light of what you said? And what about asking others to make Dua for you and concepts like tasawuff
Why people keep bringing Abbasids to the table
@@_elifilen Abbasids wrote all the islamic books (Sahih bukhari & muslim , Sira ibn Hisham , sunan abu dawood) all the sunnis sira & hadiths are abbasids
@@rinos7902 why you have to word it in such a weird way. It's like you say all scientific work made in USA is made by US Gov. When we talk about Abbasids we talking about the government not the people. The concept of today nations didn't exist during the middle ages.
ALHAMDULILLAH! ALLAH THE ONE AND ONLY ☝️😍 اسمها العزى وليست العزي ،، واسمها الحجاز وليست الحقاز يا مستعرب يا قبطي يا مخلفات الروم يا ناطق العربية ، لو كنت عربي اصيل لعرفت كيف ينطقها العرب الاصليين 2:44 ، 2:54
Dr. Jallad, Are you allowed to talk about Judaism in Yemen and how suddenly Himyar converted to Judaism. Are you allowed to talk about the Arab Jewish tribes who originally imigrated from Yemen after the collapse of Ma'rib Dam.
Those some mythical things lil bro
Great video as always! The case of the black stone in Islam is an interesting one. On one hand, Muslims will say it's just a stone, on the other hand, they'll say that they kiss it because Muhammad kissed it, and they emulate him down to his preferred facial hair style and what he kissed. But the question is why....I haven't heard a proper response to this yet. Why is kissing a stone a part of worship rituals where physically touching this inanimate object is part of a worship ritual I never understood it as a Muslim and still don't as an ex Muslim
The black stone is kissed by Muslims because it is a reservation from heaven, and it is a piece of paradise and we long to be in heaven after death. There is no worship or anything like that to the black reservation, it is like kissing something you love Likewise, we do not worship the Kaaba, it is just a qiblah for the direction of prayer only, and the prophets made pilgrimages to the Kaaba before the Prophet Muhammad pbuh Likewise, there is no so-called former Muslim because a Muslim does not leave his religion, but there are those who disbelieve in Islam and they are many, such as idol worshipers, or worshipers of Jesus pbuh, or worshipers of cows, or worshipers of Darwin, etc.
@@user-kj8yl6sn2z @user-kj8yl6sn2z Islam is such a strange pagan religion. So the black stone is a physical piece from physical heaven? So if we assess the stone we will be able to identify the physical properties of Janna? What other inanimate objects do you love so much that you kiss them? As for the direction of the kaaba, why is it required to pray towards a specific compass point if not to direct your worship to that point?
@@thenun1846 muslims are full of weird excuses. this is idolatry. idols represent gods and nobody thinks the objects they built with their own hands were gods.
@@user-kj8yl6sn2z He is troll. He claims to be an atheist and claims paganism. You don’t see him going to Christian channels accusing Christians of worshipping a man.
@@thenun1846 Your questions are dumb.
There are inscriptions that has the name allah written alongside with other pagan gods. What do we make of this? Is it possible that allah was a name of a pagan deity but then when the Arabs switched to monotheism they called their one true god allah?
"Ein talmeed na'leh 'al rabbo; shekken kal adam she'MUSHLAM yihyeh k'rabbo." Luke 6:40 (KJV) 40 jesus states clearly .....The disciple is not above his master: but every one that is perfect shall be as his master. The perfection here means a spiritual one. What the verse is saying is that knowledge is not what matters! The teacher or master is higher in knowledge than his student. But the student can be as high as his teacher, or even higher, by being a true 'MUSHLAM' or Muslim, a spiritually perfect and well-disciplined person! mushlam is from the Aramaic Shlama and is featured in Luke 6.40 like Muslim is from Salam. same meaning.
Of course 2 languages are going to be related that doesn’t mean a cognate word in that writing had the same modern meaning of Muslim 😂😂
@@mv.112 Clown comment. Cope harder 😀
Coran,so many mind try to interstand it,deferent views and opinion.The Coran is révélation for beleivers and mystery for those who not beleive
*revelation that it's just a book created by humans after generations
Look. The war against this book, Quran, has been launched since day one of Islam until this day. No one could defy it. No one could change it. By the end of the course, Islam will triumph. Even if Quran (though it is more transcendant) is tested by Biblical Criticism criteria, Quran will get the full mark.
Qur'an was already debunked, many times, but you brainwashed religious fanatics just do not want to accept it.
Cope.
@@OsakaceniNindza Ok brate, I'm sure you're not biased against Islam or Muslims being a Serb. Hows that permanent Ottoman hangover?
There is no God but Allah ❤Everyone depends Allah for their sustenance but Allah depends none . HE is not begotten and HE not given birth anyone. None is equal to Him. There is Only One God....Allah. Qura'n is The Last Testament ❤ Prophet Mohammed is The last Prophet 👌. Be a Muslim and be enlightened ❤
ew
there is nothing but allah. I am allah . Everything is allah . ana al haq
A dishonest host who will not confront himself with real scholarship like Dr Ali Ateai, who is expert in Hebrew, Greek and Arabic.
100% You can see the bias writ large across his face
Before islaam there was Hinduism in Saudi Arabia
No
The monotheism that is followed by Islam is a contradiction to what the GOD of Abraham, Issac and Jacob proclaimed, by simply changing GOD's name they have done exactly what GOD said is not to be done. Who was revealed to mohammad in the cave I do not know but it couldn't have been Angel Gabriel and then contradicted the Word of Eternal and Al Merciful GOD! Isa 42:8 "I am the LORD (YHWA) , that is My name; I will not give My glory to another, Nor My praise to graven images.
The pagan origins of Christianity , many prophets one message 🌼 watch on youtube , very informative 👍