The BEST 3D printing material? Comparing PLA, PETG & ASA (ABS) - feat. PRUSAMENT by Josef Prusa
Which 3D printing material is best for your application? I tested PRUSAMENT PLA, PETG and ASA to see how the perform in the categories: Price, Printability, Printing Quality, Static Strength and Layer Adhesion, Ductility, Stiffness, Impact Resistance and Thermal Resistance.
Let's find out how the materials perform and when you should use which!
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Print settings of the hooks:
3 perimeters, 20% infill, 0.165mm layer height, 8 top & bottom layers
Also find the results on my blog: www.cnckitchen.com/blog/compa...
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CNC Kitchen, this is a great video! Thank you, this is great and useful information. thank you for all of you great content it has been very helpful for me
Don't forget that PLA is not suitable for CPU coolers mounting plates. ;-) I love your videos. Thanks for sharing all the knowledge and please continue with your videos and with the Meltzone podcast too.
That filament roll doesn't use less material.. It has lots and lots of hexagonal walls.. If you flatten them all, it is just one flat plane about the thickness of normal filament roll.
16:00 Density "zu" strenght and stiffness 😂
Hallo Stefan, könntest du mal Biofusion von Extrudr testen?
why am i watching this at 3am, i don't even have a 3d printer.
Maybe it will come in usefull one day
01:47am 😁
@@colonelhacker3661 no
@@eduardo_Skywaller1032 unless you live in india that ender 3 is 230$
@@eduardo_Skywaller1032 aliexpress and bangood is banned in india and I was like 😱 when it got banned . It basically was banned to promote Indian products use but india doesn't manufacture 3d printers and so boom .
As an additive manufacturing engineer, I seriously love how well done the science is on this channel...
Additive Manufacturing Engineer? You mean you make Nestle Kwik Chocolate milk powder additive. At least that is what I wanted to be at 5 years old...
@@Patrick_Cooper haha I make metal parts for aerospace applications
@@BenWilson24 And the metal parts are used to stir milk and the nesquick additive together so that the astronauts can have hot chocolate in space, right?!
@@user-bl4oq7fd8d Idk if it would pass as food-grade material, but I did print a friend a fancy inconel coffee tamper
Actually sounds awesome. I’ve wanted to get into AM for a career for awhile now. Not a lot of jobs that focus specifically on that
7:50 strength tests start. 11:25 stiffness test. 12:25 impact test. 13:20 temperature test
0:00 Epic Video starts
Anyone wants 3d print but their parent don't give
thank you
MVP right here
thanks
I tested PLA, ABS, and PETG for an engineering project last year. I found that PETG was the strongest, ABS was second, and PLA was significantly weaker. I think the design of the hooks is the main difference, where yours was open, and mine was closed. An open hook applies a torque on the material, which may lead to the difference results.
How you print it makes a huge difference. When printing hotter, the layer adhesion will increase drastically, especially with PETG
Makes sense: in the stiff PLA, most of the cross-section shares the tensile component of the bending force, and only the outer wall takes the compression. Whereas PETG and ABS yield more and thereby distribute the compression zone further inwards, which means the tensile load is more concentrated on the inner wall and thus has to withstand higher tensile stress despite same load. I'd say the open hook is a rather _more_ real-world-relevant test for static strength than pure tension though. PLA's stiffness means you can easier estimate how parts will behave under mixed-compressive loading, you don't need to worry about buckling etc. as much. OTOH, if your 3D-prints need to handle strong, purely tensile loads, you're doing something wrong in design - such tasks are much better given to wires / cables / ropes etc. The flip side is of course that the stiffness exacerbates PLA's brittleness. Definitely not the right material to expose to impacts. Not to mention high temperatures.
@@rikkardo9359 , At higher printing temperatures, PETG becomes brittle.
@@Valery_1954 I do not have that much experience with PETG. Thanks for the info
@@Valery_1954 definately not unless your printing too hot for the material and it's crystalizing.
Its true that stiffness does not equal strength, but its also very important to remember that tension stress isnt the only parameter that matters when doing strength testing. Id like to see you test all 5 pillars of mechanical stress: tension, compression, bending, shear, and torsion.
I'm really grateful for you amd this channel. Being new to 3D printing, caring about the subjects of your content, but lacking the time to learn on my own, your contributions cannot be understated. Please keep up the fantastic work! You have made a huge impact on me already, and allowed me to produce amazing things!
PLA would really be the best material - if the temperature resistance wouldn't render it unusable for most applications. (without annealing etc). You can't put it in a car, mount an eletric motor to it, leave it in the sun - its basically living in the shadows^^ . The toughness/strength etc. can usually be compensated by making the part bigger or reinforcing areas.
Ironically, I'm printing some load bearing parts that are literally going in a temperature-controlled closet. My PLA is like "Yes! This is my wheelhouse!"
But can PLA be exposed to the sun tho?
I don't think your car goes to 50 degrees CELSIUS. So it should be good enough for anything of that sort, excluding impact resistance. Edit: clearly I was wrong, sorry, I guess cars do get hot. Thanks to all the people who corrected me!
@@DhruvGN8 Cars go up to 70 degrees celsius when left in the sun in summer. And I am not talking about death valley, just normal German summer with 32 degrees celsius outside. Problem is the greenhouse effect within the car
@@VentoGelado Yes it can be, uv light will not damage it significantly.
Would be very interested in seeing this test repeated with the prints having spent a significant time under a UV light
I can tell you 1 thing: rip PLA
What is a significant time? I have Wood PLA stuff outside in the garden since August last year. So far still looks good.
@@steffengr.5556 Wood PLA isn't fully PLA. straight PLA degrades here in the sun after like 8 months it starts to crack & be brittle.... Ofc we're at 9000ft above sea level. ABS has lasted forever and petg has so far been ok
We already know that PLA can't handle UV. No test needed. If you are going to put PLA printed parts outside in the sun, paint them :-)
Was more interested in the actual figures for ASA vs petg for tensile and deformation post uv
Part design techniques, infill techniques, slicing tweaks, filament selection, printer configuration, the list goes on. So many variables to consider! I'm quickly losing track of how best to get from an idea to a great print using my software tools, equipment and filaments. I'm thinking Stefan has provided enough information to not only generate a basic decision tree, but to provide surface plots of the trade-offs between choices at each level in that decision tree. I'm thinking he should collect his data and wisdom to author a book: "Engineering the 3D Printing Process for Consumer Printers and Filaments." I'd buy one!
I absolutely agree. That would be a fascinating read. However, I assume it would probably be more profitable for him to spend his time just creating videos like these.
He's putting the info out there, and apparently you're watching it. Just take notes😉. But seriously, take notes. You won't be able to remember the exact results in a week's time, all you'll be able to remember is the tier list you compiled to fit your applicarions. At least thats all I can remember. If you write it down, if in the future you're ever in doubt all you'll need to do is look into your notes, a sub one minute thing, instead of warhhing a 17 minute video you'll have to find first.
Book? What's that? When I need information I look it up on KZhead and other Internet sites. We have the information of the entire world at our fingertips. If I need information it needs it to be searchable, therefore digital. Books are something from the past as far as I am concerned. I've bought thousands of books in my lifetime but no more.
I appreciate your consistent testing! Thank you!
Thank you for your rigorous studies!
I would add that the prusa spool design is also great if You want to dry filament....if the sides are solid then the bottom layers wont get that dry
Good point, though some argue that the perfect winding is bad for drying since it doesn't leave a lot of gaps. Can't really comment on the last point, though.
@@CNCKitchen me neither....Ive only observed that for same amount of drying time - spools with holes on the sides started degrading print much more layers later than ones that are solid
@@CNCKitchen I guess you could also argue the perfect winding will keep the filament inside the spool drier.
Great information! Thank you for all the work you put into these tests! I just started using a 3D printer and have only used PLA. I plan to get some smaller spools of PETG and ABS soon to see how it works.
Yet another very useful video w/data generally not covered elsewhere. So grateful for your efforts.
That review deserves you getting paid my friend, a very detailed review, just wow. Look no further for desiding which filament is the best. 10 star review. 👍👍👍👍
Certainly someone has used multiple extruders to create composite solids with interweaved materials. This may produce interesting strength test results. Nylon/ASA.
From an aircraft design perspective, quadcopter or otherwise, ASAs lower density looks really attractive. I can print something 15 percent bigger for the same filament weighty, and design members and walls 15% thicker. Since stress usually acts on the outside skin of a part first, that 15% bigger makes a big difference to the ultimate strength
I think warping might be an issue. 3dLabprint did experiment with a low density PLA for non load bearing parts I saw in a video and they recommend it.
Video on that coming 😉
@@CNCKitchen While it's nice to use 3d printed parts for aircraft related things it's generally one of the worst materials in terms of it's strength to weight ratio especially when you consider alternative like wood or foam or composites. Weight is the enemy when you're making performance aircraft.
Hey, have you tested how ABS or resin prints perform in aircraft parts?
For me it's PETG all the big things. Easiest to print (always sticks perfectly to the build plate!) and is quite strong. For small items it's PLA because it has the best finish surface. ASA for high temps.
Terrific video, you answered all the questions I've been having surrounding filament materials. I love the test apparatus you built.
I'm going to watch this more than once. The first time was just pure enjoyment. The second time I realized I should have been taking notes. Will definitely be sharing this video with my students. Thanks!
Discovered ASA recently, and now it's my favourite filament... If possible use an enclosure because of warping and layer adhesion, fan 20% max , but the best part is it can be smoothed with hot acetone vapour just like ABS. It gives you injected plastique look, with no layer visible at 0.2mm, at all...
Hmm. I may try that on my next filament order.
I have been seeing ASA pop up more and more. So I did some research and will definitely be getting some on my next filament order.
fan at 0% improves layer adhesion massively and helps a lot to prevent warping cracks in large prints
Also it's really easy to sand!
Love these videos. I've actually used PLA before to 3d print model rocket nozzles, and as long as the burn times were short it held up pretty well. I only saw about 1mm of erosion over a 1 second burn, since the nozzles were single use anyway this wasn't a problem. Might post the testing footage when I've got time to put together a video.
Dang, you are the real filament man!!! Thanks for taking the time to make the video!!! Subscribed!!!
That was the most awesome video about FDM materials I have ever seen. Your work is really meaningful.
Fantastic as always! Thank you for this information -- very useful and informative!
Another interesting dimension for your tests would be abrasion. Which materials would be best for uses like gears or shafts and bushings or cams? Do any of the materials self-lubricate as they wear? Your quantified analysis is very useful and unique in this hobby environment. Great job. Thank you. We are looking forward to more videos.
Here at Speedbird Aero, we are changing from PLA to PETG because of the temperatures in Brazil. On a sunny day, the PLA parts simply can't handle the temperature when the drone is outdoors. Amazing video, as always!
For someone just learning, this has been extremely informative. Thank you!
Thank you for these experiments, they help me a lot in my own experiments. I've been using eSUN PLA+ for my 3D printed planes for a while now and they seem to perform better than the other materials like Flashforge & Wanhao filaments that I use. It'll be cool if you can compare the eSUN line up of materials experimentally, considering they're pretty inexpensive for the quality that I find in them. I use the PLA+ for fuselage parts & ABS+ for parts that may get hot like motor mounts. I do crude testing for stiffness by hanging weights on printed cantilevers & do drop tests for checking impact strength resistance.
This channel has become a go-to invaluable resource for my projects! Thank you for actually doing the science and not just being a glorified advertizer.
I love how you made the testing equipments 😍
Thanks for this review. Very useful as usual. To answer your question, I print mostly with PLA. It's easy and surprisingly good. I print with PETG when I need better heat resistance, such as parts for my printer or the ones that goes in the car.
I use PETG for anything I use in the car and if there are parts that I expect to break and do not want flying parts all over the place. PLA+ for everything else. I do not have conditions to print ASA
i use petg when i need part to flex a little without snapping like i printed some hooks to keep my shed doors open they needed to bend a little to allow the door to pass under then click down to hold in place when i try pla it just snapped even when i annealed them petg is still going stong. i also notice with many materials exposed to the hsrsh Florida sun petg seems to hold up very well to uv and barely fade its color. Pla can fade quite a bit in the full sun and dark colors like browns and black absorb enough infrared that they wurp badly but lighter colors can survive I print quite a bit of abs in an enclosure made of pvc and mylar blankets and it works quite well for taller print you have to be sure to Orient it so the heat from the bed can flow up the print evenly. if it traps heat the you can get layer issues. The mylar blankets can keep it around 38c in chamber with no problem. Great work on your research.
The quality of these videos is insanely good!
Steige grad beim 3D drucken ein, danke für das tolle Video Stefan! :)
I used the sample PLA roll that came with my printer, then immediately switched to PETG. It's a bit tougher to dial in, but the thermal and UV resistance are good things in my opinion. And the warpage can be a good warning sign before complete failure, especially in printer parts. Oh, and small stringing can be easily burned off with a lighter.
Great job, as always! I use PLA and PET-G. ASA and ABS are no go for me due to their potential threat to health. I mostly use PLA and support it with PET-G when bending instead of cracking or higher temperature is need (like in-car hooks). I also use flex 40D material as a thin supporting layer (ie to create soft surface on a hand watch mount) or absorb a bit of vibration (like mounting something to my electric scooter).
Doesn't all materials pose a health risk due to their fume emissions?
And microplastics
Brilliant analysis with a balanced interpretation of the measured results.
Thank you for the detailed comparison!!
was listening to this video while doing other things. but then "for example, if you're crashing your quadcopter" was like awaking from a dream with instant focus :D
Very well presented and highly informative as always. Thanks Stefan. I mostly use PLA but for mechanical parts it's PETG all from @3dprintz. I do have other filaments for other projects too.
Yee 3dprintz filament is brilliant!
Thank you Stefan, Your video helped me alot with my Antenna block project. I'm printing an antenna holder for the Ubiquiti UAP outdoor wifi antenna. I ended up going with ASA in my final choice due to it's impact strength (it needs to be hurricane-proof), and be wind and bird resistant (wind and birds would twist the antenna to where the wifi would be decreased significantly) ASA also has superior resistance to UV, but also Temperature, and I also needed it to bear hot and humid weather as well as moisture.
I use PETG for parts I put into my RC plane kits that I sell. Once tuned, PETG prints very well with no stringing. The only issue I get sometimes is the blobbing on the end of the nozzle. Due to the blobs I only print one part at a time to avoid a drip which ruins the part. I have not used ASA and will consider doing some testing this spring. Thanks for another great video!!
Really surprised to see PETG perform the way it did, its become my new go-to at present, though its tear as opposed to shear characteristic is desirable for the project I am working on. As you rightly say Stefan, there is no single ideal filament, only a "best for application".
Such a good and educational video! Thanks a lot! I'll try imitating this :D.
I am ordering my first 3D printer. This video has been extraordinarily helpful for me in my expectation. Thanks, very(VERY) well done.
Thanks for the excellent video. I am new to printing and using only PLA at this time. It would be interesting to see similar testing on different brands of PLA .
I have made a lot of things for my daily life including some chainsaw parts. I use PETG for everything now after some of my PLA parts warped in my car on a sunny day. Lately I've been doing some more detailed work with overhangs and bridges. I miss PLA's no hassle printability.
That is why it is called "Hooke's law"
That needs to make it on a T-Shirt.
Amazing test, Bro! Love your investigations!)
Hi. I'm looking to get started in 3D printing and so found your video to be very informative. Thank you.
What I have discovered with my BASF ASA filament is, that it degenerates the longer the material is in the hot nozzle. I improved the layer adhesion by printing my ASA parts as fast as possible. Have you tried different speeds for ASA, Stefan?
I love how in the impact test that the ASA didn't even break all the way through
This was really useful information for someone new to 3d printing. Thank you.
nice comparison. :) very informative overview for beginners and experienced users alike. thx. :) The usecase example with the drone at the end is very good.
Great video as always I use PLA when it is a indoor item I use ASA when it is a outdoor item (and I love the surface of the prints :-) ) I use PETG when the item is a practical item, there you have some ware on the item. more stringing but very usabil oh and mostly from filament PM, i think there quality is in Pruca league. Thanks for sharing :-)
I stick to PETG since it prints amazingly and is stable
Thanks for showed us this research, I usually use PLA, and a couple of time ABS, but this is a bit difficult without an enclosure, ABS is getting always miss adhesion between layers.
Very informative. I love your Leinen bench vice !
Great video, very informative, surprised that PLA was so much stronger than the others!
Charpy machine! That brings back memories from college. Also, I didn't see a pretty graph for the thermal test. (I was screen-shoting* each.)
Thank you for a well-done comparison test. One thing I'm very interested in is how to make a clean surface over support areas. I'd choose PLA for a good-looking model, but PETG for strength and flexibility, but I'd go for the one that gave the smoothest surface over a support area.
Wow you did a great job, those analyzes impressed me, thanks man, this is very useful to know
It seems I was mislead about the strength of PETG, now I'm struggling to think of a use I might have for it.
Same, now i'm thinking about ABS+ or ASA.
The same here. However I have the HDglass PETG and it seems to be stronger than PLA I have from the same company. I can really break it easier...I do not get it...
@@kamilchodzynski9395 Higher temperature resistance and it won't burst like PLA, so it is more durable.
I'm more surprised by how well PLA did in the strength test. No PLA I've used would stand any where near 73Kg on that pull test.
Exactly, as I said my PLA is far weaker than here presented. Either the Prusa PLA is super strong or PETG very weak unless the settings are special...
Thank you, great comparison. But based on my experience and your video -- the specific material brand/vendor matters. All the PLAs I have tried in Canada( beside the Wood PLA which is not regular PLA) are weaker than PETGs. Also, PETGs I've used are significantly more wear resistant than PLA. The spindle mount I have printed with PLA material for my CNC3020 500w spindle has cracked and passed away in ~4 months because of all mechanical impacts and vibration. The same mount printed in PETG works for ~1.5 years without any issues.
Love your content Stefan !!
I've found ASA to have poor chemical resistance, while PETG is generally unaffected. Would be interesting to see how a variety of brands fair on this front as well. Thanks for the quality videos!
I would love to see different types of PLA tested. (Using example I know about) Like Fiberlogy has Impact PLA (Claims to have up to 800% compared to regular PLA and 50% compared to ABS more impact strenght) and HD PLA (special for annealing) and regular PLA's. I wonder how different they really are when tested, is it just marketing or there is some truth there.
Usually fiber infused materials provide more strength along the layers, but the layer adhesion suffers. Making the weak point weaker and the strongest point stronger has very limited usecases.
Thank You for interesting comparation. Good Job.
Great analysis, answered most of my concerns on choosing the right filament - as expected PLA is the best for 90% of use-cases
If only peek wasn't so pricey. And easier to print lol. I wish u tested nylon and pc too!
What's up with the concrete paver stones underneath the printers? Are they being used as some sort of vibration dampener?
Yes and the foam also isolates the printer from the desk to avoid resonances. Seriously THE best and cheapest you can do for your printer!
@@CNCKitchen Smart! I'll have to give that a try!
And in addition to that, the stone serves as fire protection.
I can vouch for a paving slab + foam as a huge upgrade too. Prints are better, printer is quieter. The foam doesn't have to be thick, I cut up a cheap yoga mat.
Gracias por tomarte tanto tiempo para explicar todo tan bien
Thanks for these highly informative tests. I am using prusament to good success too and will stick to PLA whenever possible.
Would love to see a nylon filament done in this
Uber fidly. You need to temperature and humidity control your filament - even while printing. Your printer needs to be in an enclosed heated area, and you need to use your spare hot end....
I like ABS because I can split difficult parts, print them separately, and then glue them together with ABS glue.
Try Aceton to glue...this Weld two parts direct.
Is ABS different to these three?
That was thorough, thanks for sharing.
Very nicely conducted testing. Bravo!
Your test methodology seriously disadvantages the ASA layer adhesion. Using a bed slinger with fan on without a heater enclosure is worst case scenario for ASA. Would very much like to see a deeper look into ASA performance with it's unique requirements taken into consideration. It's a really high performance material when used correctly. UV resistance, high temp resistance, chemical resistance, impact resistance, less smell than ABS, and easier to print that polycarbonate.
J Z good comment - I have been trying to use the Prusament ASA this winter and haven’t been getting good results, especially with layer adhesion. Would also love to see some follow up on how to accommodate ASA with home 3D printers.
@@jarnold2000 I use a vented tent over my corexy. The heated bed is large and powerful and can keep the inside of the tent to about 40c which seems enough. 0 part cooling fan as well.
*repeats what Stephan says about ASA and doesn't notice the enclosure*
I use Devil Design uncolored ASA, and can't even print with it when the ambient temperature is under 30°C (bed adhesion/warping). I use a home made enclosure which is clad with insulated reflective foil, capable of reaching a toasty 65°C. When printed in a heated enclosure, I can't even bend similar parts by hand which snap with ease in PLA. Also part cooling is a no-go with ASA, even the hot-end fan can ruin the properties of ASA. The only downside I found (but may be fixable) is that ASA shrinks a lot more when cooling after printing, so holes and alignment keying can be a bit of a pain.
@@JasonZnack Very cool. I need to try to get to building an enclosure so some sort. Or at least wait until the weather warms up. :) Will try no cooling too.
It's available on Amazon* *Sometimes
amazing content i really like the way your brain works!
Excellent video!!! thank you for all of the details
Personally I'm still sticking mostly to PLA due to being relatively new to printing. Expanding to more materials once I get more skilled :) PETG is interesting me at least.
Try it Today's PETG is super simple. Especially if you have a decent printer like the Prusa, standart settings do the trick. Press start and go to bed. No issue. Perfect surfaces, robust prints.
If you're printing PETG using Cura, make sure to up the temps to something around 240c for the hotend. If you have one where the PTFE tube goes into the hotend, you'll need to get an all metal one for it too. That would only apply with something like an Ender 3 though; the Prusa wouldn't need modifications... maybe to slicer settings thouhg.
@@moth.monster idk i'm priting petg with 225c and it seems to work better for my filament. increasing the temperature that much causes more stringing. the recommended range on the sticker of my roll is 220~240. although i did get a bit of underextrusion when i was printing with 0.32mm layers that ruined some practical prints.
I would like to see some testing on some TPU hooks
look back in his videos, has already been done ;)
dr_BD I can’t seem to find it
Didn't test any TPU, yet.
Yes I'd also like to see some TPU hook tests, it's the perfect printable material for holding sport cams & some other things on quadcopters. Its resistance to heat makes it great to hold video transmitters without melting. Only once I've had a TPU part in a crash fail from the layers separating a little bit because it was 'wet' when printed. I just took a soldering iron and melted the seam back together. But now I dry all my filaments and store them in air tight tubs with silica gel beads, dry TPU prints look so good and are so strong.
Thank you for this great comparison Stefan. I mostly use PETG as I like the finish I get and it's less brittle. Mostly Overture branded or Inland band (I am cheap that way). I just realized that may be using less fan might be beneficial for my use cases after watching your video
What an amazing test answered all my questions.
Anyone else watching who doesn't even have a 3d printer😂😂
8:29 why dont you make them solid ?
Excellent break down, that must of taken a lot of effort and time to test. Thank you.
Well done for such a concise test, very helpful indeed.
Thank you!
Results at 14:10
Basically an advertisement for prusa.
The amount of engineering in this video is amazing!
Well done! Outstanding objective testing. thank you!
Jesus Christ I’m literally 4 minutes into this thing and he hasn’t gotten to the content yet... Update: scratch that 6 minutes and still hasn’t got to the content...
Thanks for the great test!
Great Info. Tq very much for all the effort taken to give a good comparison. My experience do not leave any "built product" in a parked car for too long with temp reaching 43 deg C and does not last long in a water filled aquarium (unless built dense)
Awesome job :) A summary as a table/chart would be great.