The Dark History of Volkswagen
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How did a company that exploited its own labors and make thousands of military vehicles for the Germans become one of the largest auto manufacturers in the world?
In modern day Volkswagen has become a major powerhouse, having Bentley, Lamborghini, Bugatti and Porsche under their name, but back in World War II, they were among the darkest and most criminal war factories for Germany. From being accused to stealing the design of the Beetle, to having more than 80% of their workforce being forced labors, Volkswagen could get away with anything, having been founded by a dictator and his aides themselves, it’s easy to see why.
But on the other hand, the company is also an incredible underdog success story. Once Germany was defeated and the company was left abandoned, it became an unwanted asset, not even Ford when it was offered to them for free. But even with the bleakest future, Volkswagen managed to reinvent themselves and make one of the strongest comebacks in corporate history.
So sit back and relax, because today we’re covering the controversial story of Volkswagen, starting with an unlikely figure…
Chapters
00:00 - 01:22 Prologue
01:23 - 03:51 A Plan From H.
03:52 - 13:46 The Mind Behind The Beetle
13:46 - 21:09 Volkswagen At War
21:10 - 30:04 Rebuilding The Brand
30:05 - 33:02 The End of The Beetle
33:03 - 38:00 New Challenges
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↘️ If you’re interested in what I use for my videos.
🟢Where I get my music:
Artlist artlist.io/Jose-698017
Epidemic Sound share.epidemicsound.com/j1il8k
Hey guys! I know it's been a while now, but I'm super thrilled to be back!! I Hope you guys enjoy the documentary🙌! We had to make a few changes to make this video suitable for the platform, not exactly what I wanted but I hope you understand. As always, I'll see you again with another video, thanks for watching!!😉
you have come back to paint germans as bad people have you? well done !
Honestly this episode wasn’t really interesting. I know you worked hard, thanks a lot! To be fair, you really went off track this time.
..............G'day, learned heaps, Yes; I'm OLD! Regards, Malcolm.
Is your channel just about cars Why not other big businesses
@@Mire87Mire You haven’t had a look at his videos, have you?
Stop bleeping out his name, it's annoying while trying to see and hear the video
They do it because using his name gets you demonetized. Are you going to send him a check so he doesn't need to bleep out the name? That's what I thought.
@@DroneStrike1776what’s the point of censoring his name if swastikas are shown in the video which is more likely to get you demonetized as opposed to bleeping out his name
@@cannonfodderler these tiny hatted fellows dont care about logic, its all about the grind against europeans
@@DroneStrike1776 ok relax, geez
@@cannonfodderlerconclusion, youtube regulations are stupidly confusong, you can show his face, the flag, anyting nazi but you cant say his name
I had a beetle while stationed in Germany it never let me down! 👍
The originals were kind of neat. Most of my friends all had them. I never bought one. Had an NSU 4 of us bought to drive around in farm fields with. That was a cool little vehicle.
@@luckyguy600 Imagine driving on the autobahn and you run out of gas. No gas gage just a reserve lever! 🔧🤪
Boy, I think George Santayama said it best: "Those who fail to remember history are doomed to repeat it." By omitting his name you show how likely it is that your generation will repeat what he did. God help us...
The Beetle always looked like you couldn't tell if it was coming or going.
Perfect for military use 😄
😂
@@kuntakinte4333 hurray we won the war. A few moments later.... Wtf it's coming towards us
I love the content on this channel. even though o have seen this topic covered in other channels, none do it better than you. Love the additional information
My first car was a 1960 36 horse engine, dual carbs, performance exhaust & Chevy mags thanks to VW to Chevy adapters. My second car was a 68 similarly decked out. I've also owned 63 Porsche 356 and my last was an 83 Porsche 911SC. Each was an adventure & a joy.
I've had my 1970 VW Beetle since 1972, and my 1971 Beetle Convertible since 1976.
I'm jealous.
I have a '99 New Beetle. It's a total shitbox, but I love it. I wish I had the OG Beetle though.
All your videos are so awesome!!!
My ex-girlfriend had a VW Golf I used to fix for her. It was half built in Germany/ half built in Mexico. I never, ever, want to fix anything like that beast again in my lifetime. Just nasty, and sludge up with moisture in the oil every change. That brown goo. Not radiator fluid, just brown goo. Never did finally get rid of it. Doubling down on the oil changes helped a lot. But WE broke up, and that makes me smile! I will never be a VW owner. Toyota, yes. On my 7th one now after driving for well over 50 years. Good video learned a lot of the pre-war stuff I never knew. You got it 88% bang on.
I've read that the first time VW was caught cheating on U.S. emissions tests was really in 1973, at which time they were the only carmaker in the world to have made electronic fuel injection standard equipment on low-priced production cars. EFI made it easier for VW to make their primitive, air-cooled engines meet the new standards, but it also made it easier to cheat. They were not alone; Ford was caught shipping 1974 cars that polluted more than the ones the EPA has tested and almost had to shut down production; in the 1990s, Cadillac was caught selling cars that polluted twice as much with the AC running. Of course, with the advances in computerization, VW was able to cover up its recent bout of cheating for much longer, making it an even bigger scandal when it was finally uncovered. I'm sure it won't be the last such scandal.
Forget all automobile makers but ford is it true ford now only makes mustang cars and is closing all ford car dealers then where does one buy a ford
VW had the first electronic fuel injection in a production car, also developed the plastic gas tank, and lots more innovations. My 2019 Golf R is fantastic, stick of course. Super quick, solid handles like it's cousin Porsche
Cummins just got fined $2 Billion for Diesel cheating on emissions. So did TOYota, all do it, VW was just the biggest with more money, so they got fined the biggest. GM went bankrupt for much less, VW sailed through it, like it never happened...VW is an empire 13 brands, and trucks, everything. International harvester here is a VW company new EV scout coming from a brand new factory they are building in S.C.
In 1958 my dad wanted to buy a Beetle, but there was a one year waiting list.
Production methods used by Henry Ford which were not created by Henry Ford. The methods used by Henry Ford were made & developed by The Dodge Brothers, where they had a 10% stake in Ford as well.
Correction it was invented by olds
Ford copied assy line idea from the German Heinz, of Heinz catsup...cus Heinz was selling food stuff, he wanted consistency, and fast...Ford copied heinz
I haven't found any claim about the Dodge brothers using an assembly line. Fine if you try and correct the history that we're all taught, but then please provide references.
@owlstead heinz,of heinz foods developed the asy line concept for his food stuff,ford seen it applied to cars. That's is easy to look up heinz,of heinz catsup,etc way way long ago...German of course
@@owlstead you're wrong my brother go and ✅ the Dodge Brothers live/ documentary, Henry Ford couldn't pay them and they give 10% from his company...,he copied theirs originality
Your content is crazy!! More 🔥🔥🔥
Actually its not quiet correct that the subscribers to the KDF wagon never saw their car or money again. In fact post war many of them took a class action against VW. VW pointed out that the post war VW Company was a different company to prewar.. however around 1960 they were forced to admit some defeat and the subscribers were given a concession toward a new Beetle. I think it was contribution of half the cost of the new car.
Very good video! Spectacular!
Tesla take deposits in advance, people waited years for the car, nothing changes
thanks man, this will help me with my english project, my second time watching this and these videos are really well edited, i expected it to blow up.
It;'s VERY IMPORTANT to note that Ferdinarde Porsche was an ETHNIC GERMAN, despite being born in a region that became part of Czechoslovakia after WWI. Porche always identified himself as German.
Ethnically yes he was Germanic vs Slavic but at the end of WW1 (and dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian empire) it should be noted that Porsche chose Czech citizenship. In 1934 he was conveniently made a naturalized German citizen.
No, not true. Porches was PROUD of his German heritage. He found himself living in a region that became part of the newly bizarrely formed Czechoslovakia after WWI. His Czech citizenship was an automatic consequence of the territorial changes. Like it or not, it's a historical fact that he and AH got along very well. Btw, Sudeten Germans were brutally treated by the Czechs back then, another historical fact. @@rodsdmba1571
@@zhenmingz8 I'm not necessarily in disagreement. I'm citing the most popular narrative that admittedly be a hack copy and paste propagation. Do we have a source that you can point me to that provides the alternative understanding?
We study history from a great many sources in multiple languages, not just limited to the English language, which is heavily biased about WWII@@rodsdmba1571
Looks like my latest reply to you was deleted by someone. My point was to encourage you to check sources from multiple languages, in addition to English. One thing I believe we can agree upon is that crimes against humanity were wrong, whether it was from the Germans to the Jews, or from the Czechs to Sudeten Germans back then. @@rodsdmba1571
Great historic video, don't understand all the editing though history is history.
Nope, it was not the same car. The first prototype did not have the rear glass window, it was all metal and Hitler told Porsche that it needed a rear view mirror and a rear window
I seem to remember seeing their logo with the gear symbol around the V W. in the middle. Much like it had in the war. Those would be late 50 vehicles here in Canada.
A great vidio about VW, you did mention the Combi or VW van at all. they were very popular and sold in hight numbers, also the were a symbol of the 60s and hippy coulture.
Which video editing software do you use to produce your videos?
What video editing are you using 😊
Hey, where's the 1970's VW Rabbit?
Company Man also uploaded a video on this same topic today.
And having now watched it through, I know which car I’d rather have - the Chevy Impala.
Teddy B loved his Beetle. Dark poster child for such an iconic model.
Why censor his name
No kids wanna know who he is
Demonetization. Meanwhile, they don't demonetize channels that push innocent children into LGBTQ gender transitioning and drag shows. Free speech is dead. Big tech cry about conservatives destroying democracy while censoring anyone that'll speak out against them.
@@SlimyAbe understandable
because the real enemy of europe now make videos to discredit germans. its simple
Because KZhead is run by a bunch of boomers who think saying the famous austrian painter's name will turn you into a natsi.
So the high priced Bentley's, Lamborghini's & Bugatti's are just Volkswagens ?
BMW Audi as well
Also, about the Volkswagen, the batteries under it was underneath the backseat in the frame the crossbar of the frame touch the negative and positive polls and caught the backseat on fire
The battry had a metal cover to protect the posts from hitting the frame and shorts could only happen if this cover was left off.
@@patrickbrady447 well my Volkswagen don't have that metal cover as you I've known people who own Volkswagens caught fire and destroyed do the frame of maybe the new ones may but not the old ones I've never seen an old bug with it
Then you know nothing of air cooled VWs...@@mercedesannajasminekagomel4240
My Grandpa Beetle caught fire in the back seat
Can you make the history of toyota? Fan request.
This is very inspiring! When I was in my 20s I stole a book from Tower Records and the guy behind the counter whipped out his wallet and paid for it. He could have put me in Jail! He waived me on because he knew I was fascinated with this Book on Automotive! I took that book home 🏡 and Highlighted every page with different colors of markers. I enrolled in the Best Automotive School in the Country. I graduated and became a Master Certified Auto Tech. I am not very proud of stealing a book but it served it's purpose with a destiny. Today I turned 63! I own a business and contribute my success to that Book and Henry Ford. I can rebuild a Ford Motor with my Eyes 👀 Closed!
May I ask how long you edit this kind of video? especially because the length of the video is 38 minutes.
...........Present Sir! Regards, Malcolm.
great video again. but why censoring his name?
Please do Holden
Why do you have to keep leaving out the guy's name
I give you credit for at least mentioning the guy, because no other Volkswagen documentary has ever even mentioned Béla Barényi. However, you previously offered examples like Ganz & Tatra, speculating as to their potential influence on Porsche when "he" invented the Volkswagen. And you included Barényi with them, almost dismissively, saying, "When at just 18yrs old, Béla Barényi worked on a couple sketches for a chassis of a People's Car."..... Worked on a couple of sketches??!!?? That sounds more like a description of me doodling drawings of cars on a pad while I'm on hold during a phone call. Barényi had several pages of detailed Engineering Blueprints, for the body, interior, floor-pan chassis layout, suspension, engine & gearbox, with full specifications for an air-cooled, four cylinder boxer engine bolted to a gearbox at the rear, suspension & steering, everything....full production ready blueprints. These were the Blueprints for his concept of a "People's Car" that was his thesis for graduating engineering at university. Look, I'll assume you didn't research his history and were unaware of the rest, rather than deliberately omitting it...... The DIFFERENCE between Béla Barényi, and Ganz, Tatra, or whoever else, is that others are only speculative subjects of influence on Porsche. Barényi ALONE is different as the ONLY legally, lawfully recognised, by Berlin's highest court, as the OFFICIAL conceptual & intellectual Father & Originator of the Volkswagen concept & design. The Volkswagen company since 1997 has been legally required to acknowledge this at their website, and in all their historical & promotional media. Although WHY Porsche is still commonly credited as such in lieu of it having been PROVEN in court that he stole it from Béla Barényi, is absurd. The VW was the original idea of Béla Barényi. This was proven in a case in the highest German court in Berlin when Barényi took Porsche to court, showed his original design Blueprints,.... they even called Barényi's uni professor by phone live in court to confirm he graduated age 18 with his thesis for the Volkswagen.... and proved Porsche stole the design when they met after his graduation from Uni. Barényi was just out of University, looking for a job. He had an interview at Porsche, where he tried to impress Dr. Porsche with the design that was his thesis for his Uni degree. A simple, rugged, reliable, easy & cheap to manufacture & maintain, "People's Car". Dr. Porsche spent a long time studying the young lad's work,..... and most likely having them photographed when "showing them to a colleague" or some similar shady crap, as he presented an identical copy in court as evidence they were his, with Barényi's credentials cut off, naturally. Hence the phone call to Barényi's Uni Professor in court to ascertain & PROVE that the disputed Blueprints WERE as HE saw them in Barényi's thesis, years BEFORE Porsche himself claimed to have drawn them..... Having stolen his design, Dr. Porsche dismissed him, declining his job application, stating they had no position for him at that time. Barényi subsequently applied at Mercedes, who immediately recognised his genius, and appointed him head of the pre-development department of Daimler-Benz....in his early to mid 20's! Dr Wilhelm Haspel who hired him, stated, "Mr Barényi, you are thinking 15 to 20 years ahead. In Sindelfingen you’ll be working in a world apart. Whatever you invent will go directly to the patent department.” When he died in 1997, the number of patents in his name, over 2500, was eclipsed only by Nicola Tesla, making him the second greatest designer/inventor in history. When he became aware of Porsche claiming credit for "inventing" the "People's Car", Barényi later took him to court, assisted by Mercedes Benz his employers. In the subsequent case Porsche was shown to have stolen the idea from a young hopeful seeking employment, who never imagined the "great" Dr. Porsche could do such a thing. Barényi won the case, and was legally credited & declared the conceptual, intellectual father & inventor of the Volkswagen Beetle. Google Volkswagen Beetle, or Béla Barényi, and the Wikipedia Page on both confirms it, as do countless other sites & documentaries. Visit the Mercedes Benz website, and you'll find an entire section devoted to his personal history, and his long history with the company, including how & why HE is the legally declared father of the Volkswagen design. More importantly, he was also known as the Father of Automobile Safety. This guy was responsible for designing & engineering just about every safety feature found in every car, made everywhere, to this day. Mercedes, after featuring his inventions in their cars first, released his designs to the industry free of charge, allowing all manufacturers to use them without royalty fees, deeming their life-saving implications and their universal industry adoption more important than profiting from the designs. The Collapsible Steering Column, Padded Steering Wheel, Burst Proof Vehicle Door Latches, The Self-Tensioning 3 Point Safety Belt, Front & Rear Energy Absorbing Crumple Zones, The Integrated Non-Deformable Passenger Cell, Integrated Rollover Protection Hoop, Side Intrusion Bars inside doors, Airbags, and on & on. At their website, Mercedes Benz states, “No one in the world has given more thought to car safety than this man.” He is the greatest, yet least known designer, engineer, inventor in the Automotive Industry. Although why Porsche is continually allowed to keep taking credit for designing the Volkswagen, despite Barényi proving in court he did not, and thus being legally declared & recognised as the originator of the concept & design, is unbelievable. Almost every video documentary or written article still credits Porsche as "inventing" the "People's Car", when he simply STOLE the idea. He was forced to admit it in court and apologise to Barényi, for godsake. When the Judge asked Barényi how much he believed he should receive in financial compensation from Porsche, Barényi replied "One Dollar"..... explaining that money & greed wasn't his motivation, it was the PRINCIPLE. His priority was to establish the truth, set the historical record straight, and make sure credit & recognition for achievements lies with those who RIGHTFULLY deserve them. That's a HELL of a lot different to announcing Béla Barényi's inclusion in your "documentary" as, "One of the earliest ABSTRACTIONS(??!!?!?) of what would later become the Beetle...." Later adding, "Oh, he drew a couple of sketches of a People's Car". "Abstractions" is an odd description for the lawful, legally recognised conceptual & intellectual father of the Volkswagen, whose blueprints Porsche used down to the last effing millimetre and even the specifications, to the last word, to build the Volkswagen for Hitler, winning a contract from the German Government that in today's money would be worth billions of dollars. Béla Barényi would've been entitled to, and could've received, a truck load of money in damages & compensation from Porsche when he successfully sued him for Intellectual Property Theft. He probably could've even claimed a percentage of future sales profits of every Beetle built in Royalties, and when you consider how LONG it was in production around the world, and how MANY were built, what that would've been worth. He could've been an instant billionaire. But, his wage from Mercedes Benz was sufficient to live comfortably. He asked for ONE DOLLAR. To make a point. In your favour, no one else bothers or wants to get it right, either. Or gives a toss. For some reason, for the vast majority, the MYTH that Porsche invented the Volkswagen is more important or palatable than the TRUTH.
I drove my 1st Beetle in 1958. It wasn't mine, but was owned by the company I worked for at age 18. I delivered office supplies. I was making $1 per hour.
Hiding history and saying goodbye bye to freedom one word at a time
Censors are the worse kind of sanctimonious better than thou kind of people....Who are they to decide what we need to hear ? Moronas
I see now ... Every today's luxury car manufacturers company has dark history
Once Time magazine's man of the year now he who's name shall not be said
Can you make one for bmw please? I like your style of editing
My Beetle Convertible will never die!
A lot of gliches in the voiceover, do you want to change your video editor?
VW has a factory in Bratislava, makes some Porsche and Tiguan stuff now
Lived in a strict place no alcohol allowed. Hid my booze under beetle s backseat next to battery.
There are tons of things that are censored but I didn't think a simple name would be on that list...
Do Land Rover! 🙏🏽
I’ve been trying to find someone to edit my videos like this and I only had like super bad experiences. Everyone promises they can do it and after waiting 3, 4 weeks on a 10 min VO video I get back shity work. Something I could do myself in a few days with just one month of editing experience. Not to mention I payed decent rates at 30/min of VO. If anyone knows someone that can edit like this, I d really appreciate if you could point me in the right direction.
@@amritkumar_9 thank you, I figured that’d be the case
@sorintrifu3898 yea I have edited a couple of videos like these
@@itsAriJain how can we talk?
@@sorintrifu3898 my comments keep getting deleted, I sent me dets before
I can edit your videos like this. I have over 10 years of video editing experience. If you're interested and want to talk, let me know.
I grew up in southeastern Michigan and I had never heard about Hitler’s involvement with Ford until this year when my son told me about this video. I am so disgusted. I used to like Ford and VW cars. I I can’t now knowing their history.
NAW GM AND FORD RLLY ON BOTH SIDES💀
When they celebrate Founder's day 💀
Please make a video for rolls Royce
Beetle was still sold in America as Super Beetle Convertibles for both 1978 and 1979 model years. So not true about 1977 being last year for beetles unless the videomaker just meant sedans.
FYI ... the last VW Beetles were built in Mexico until 2003
This won't make me to forget about Chocolate. (1975 or 77 VW van)
can you tell the history of jollibee in april 17
It's interesting to see how they left out the rabbit which had a reputation of bursting in to flames in the 1970s.😅
Almost the same can be said about many automotive companies. Who supplied the Nazis during WW2? Who else cheated on emissions? Safety? On and on. VW doesn't rely on the US market. It is too small. It didn't cost them $30 billion either. The final figure was approximately $10b and it was in the form of re-investment into EV's, not a fine. During the diesel emissions, VW AG grew, not shrank, as consumers were used to unrealistic numbers being touted from all companies. Not that it is moral, but that it is more common than not. The fact that USA bought vehicles from Japan and Germany after the war, stuns me to no end, regardless of quality. You would think the great war machine, particularly, Ford would have built better cars and not gone to their enemies to import them.
Longtime mechanic.. Japanese cars have never really had any better fuel efficiency than the likes of VW, possibly the same or better reliability. Both Jerrie and Japsie cars have horrible ways of rusting doing that quicker than you can say sauerkraut with rice.
"Brother, I'll convert your video into English and upload it on KZhead channels, then we can split the profit 50-50."
Bugs were so slow !
Lovely clip and thank you for the history of it. But did you just censored a Kitler's name? =)))) lmfao this trend is so juvenile
...just as dubious as IWC and Lange and Sohne
Your addition is beautiful, I loved it very much
Hitler, that don't offend me, I'm native from new Mexico, I'm a 2 time VW owner 68'bug and my 2017 bug is cherrier ,it really is the best engineering bar none, VW rules,
The idea that a country this small and in such poor financial shape could conduct a war against other much larger countries with vastly greater resources is the very definition of insanity.
Remind me again, who made sure a local conflict between 2 countries became a world war?
i wish the government take dreamworks to the court of copyrights
Magnates media is their inspiration
soo many glitches in sound effects, lots of repeated stuff and some animations were made with AI website(I forgot the website name but 100% sure those made from there) I didn't excepted this from this channel. the only good thing is the story. your script writer done a great job
26:41 and that problem still goes on until this day
The Atlas is bigger than the Tiguan
sa well as BMW or Opel.
A lot of your content is correct !
My favourite story about VW, was a Letter to Henry Ford, from his chief engineer, who had been sent to Germany after the War, to check on, and evaluate, 'The Peoples Car' . He wrote back to Ford, this is a ugly little thing, it's engine sounds like a clapped out stone crusher, and has no commercial future what so ever. This has to be STILL, the greatest missed commercial opportunity ever, and always WILL BE. I read this on a VW Poster, at a main Agents, while waiting for my Golf to be serviced , back in the 70's.
He who must not be named…
I got a beetle once drove in it a Jan with 30 straight days of below zero,the heater sucked i worked from 4 am to 4 pm had to stick my head out of the window in the cold because the Window Shield never defrosted.
That rabbit a player
Your channel is just a dollar store version of Company Man.
Great video. I had a Jetta, worse purchase back in 2010. Vowed to not mess with VW again after multiple VW shops couldn't figure out what was wrong.
Sorry I can't stand your bleeping. I'm out .
I have had 17+ VW Audi products, since 1987 never stranded in 1.5 million miles of driving 316,000 on a VR6 Jetta GLX stick of course. never let me down. Same dealer all these years. Current golf R 2019 stick of course, is the best one yet. Solid super quick, handles like it's on rails, quiet, rock steady
@@cengeblove my r
Sorry to hear that. I've owned 11 in my lifetime and haven't had any unexpected repairs. I never owned one from the generation yours was from, but I heard that generation was notorious for electrical issues. But as a whole, I find VWs as reliable and cost-effective as any other "economy" car.
@@nkha23 I've had 17 plus VW Audis over the several decades, no issues. From same great dealer, they treat me right. I drive a lot. current 2019 VW Golf R stick of course, 88K miles, fun fun fun, reliable, solid, super comfortable and quick
Can you do Infiniti, next?
nice
Disney needs to arrest dreamworks
He who must not be named
Please do a Audi video
Why don't vw do a modern day version of the swim vargen
Because of the ball-playing nowadays customers... Until they have all their electronic helpers in that car in order to drive straight on it would be a dive vagon because of its weight.
Very
Please, can you do history of Disney?
The greatest is back ❤❤❤
BIG COMPANY We need a Ferrari doc!
Why the 666 imagery at 3:10?
Well some years ago I was working for another company in a VW factory when the line stopped and some guy came into the premises and started shouting like a nazi officer in a concentration camp at some of the workers :) So I guess I was pretty close to the feeling some of these guys witnessed in the past :) By the way after witnessing some of their routines I was afraid a bit to drive my car although it was produced by another factory :)
*Sings Erica*
Aydolf Hmm .... seems like quite a guy and yet, we hear nothing about him?
Really nice story
lol fast forward to today where they’re not reliable at all 😅
My firs car VW siroco 1979 , my second car VW Jetta 1992 Third car Ford Taurus 1995 , fourth car grand AM 1998 , Still have the the Sirocco and Jetta running 100% And the American pieces of junk sold after no more than 5 years of problems
I want a late model scirocco, auto viper green
@@arielsfish absolutely 🚙 they’re a beast , the R series or Scirocco lll i2008-2017 261 hp , built in Portugal , Unfortunately they don’t sell it in the America market , 😜👏🏻 you really know about Cars 🚙
I love vw