Get 50% off your first month of KiwiCo. Use code STEVEMOULD at kiwico.com/stevemould
This bistable auxetic material gets bigger in all directions when you stretch it. It's also becomes 3 dimensional!
The paper by Tian Chen and colleagues is:
Bistable auxetic surface structures, ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), 40(4), 1-9. (Chen, T., Panetta, J., Schnaubelt, M., & Pauly, M. (2021) dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/34...
You can find the cut patterns and other recourses here: github.com/UH-AIM/bistable-au...
Tian is currently working at the Architected Intelligent Matter Laboratory: aim.me.uh.edu/
Here's my video about flexible polyhedra: • The object we thought ...
Veritasium video about compliant mechanisms: • Why Machines That Bend...
Here's my Discord server: / discord
You can buy my books here:
stevemould.com/books
You can support me on Patreon and get access to the exclusive Discord:
/ stevemould
just like these amazing people:
Alex Hackman
Glenn Sugden
Tj Steyn
Pavel Dubov
Lizzy and Jack
Jeremy Cole
Brendan Williams
Frank Hereford
Lukas Biewald
Damien Szerszinski
Marshall Fitzpatrick
Heather Liu
Grant Hay
John Zelinka
Paul Warelis
Matthew Cocke
Nathan Blubaugh
Twitter: / moulds
Instagram: / stevemouldscience
Facebook: / stevemouldscience
Buy nerdy maths things: mathsgear.co.uk
I never mentioned: The rubber sheet is the stuff you use to makes stamps. It handles a laser well for etching which also makes it a good material for laser cutting, which is how these cuts were made! The sponsor is KiwiCo: Get 50% off your first month with promo code STEVEMOULD at kiwico.com/stevemould
how did this video come out 1 minute ago but your comment if from 18 hours?
Mechanical press channel confirmed?
Space bra
I can also see huge potential for this in the space industry, especially for colonization.
@@mickeyfilmer5551 ah, ok, thanks
He made a bra for robots 🤖
*cyborgs
Kinda revealing for a bra
I was just thinking that
I was thinking the same thing
@@shreddedtwopack6625also has no support, so it’s not good for any purpose
Lore accurate boobie armor
Ain’t no way you have almost 1.5m subscribers and only have 46 likes and no replies in this comment
hi dan how are you doing
emergency bra
One piece moment lol
insta boobs
Great music choice on press clip :D
i like this reference
I can see uses for this as is, tbh. Imagine attaching a light, stretchy material to the interior of this, in the shape of a strapless bra (which hooks for attachable straps). Well, now you have a bra that lies perfectly flat in a drawer or suitcase. You could do very very similar ideas with containers, like backpacks or purses or lunch bags, or even sleeping bags or tents. In fact, most of the use-cases I can think of this, before you get to the molecular level, at least, are in light civilian camping equipment. Seems just absolutely perfect as is for it.
But it would never lie flat for a bra, backpack, bag or whatever you used or made, it will always be just as thick as a real bra at minimum, and for the "molecular level" why does it matter anyway? You want a bra that is so thin you might as not have one on? It doesn't make much sense, the strenght of the material corresponds to the thickness so no, it would never be flush with a draw even if it was made even smaller, a item has to have a mass and space to be a item, and dont think I'm just saying this about one of the examples it works for all the rest, you have a bag, ok now the bag is weak because its very thin so you can only carry maybe 1/4 of a normal real backpack which is useless seeing how a bag can basically be put anywhere once its empty, a purse? Sure maybe but it's still easier to you know, buy a purse instead of hoping oneday we create super strong, thin and elastic material that can be used for anything more than greenhouse walls or covers on your milk, the tent one is much better but still has issues, this would never stand up again a light breeze and if it was the size of a tent, it would be HUGE and harder to use because tents roll up, this would have to be kept flat in one piece until you needed it and then you still would need supports, pegs and a cover otherwise all you have is a plastic sheet with holes in
@@KillthefishYou sure yap a lot for being completely wrong 💀
"Bi-stable auxetic structure" is not as cool as "space bra"
100% that is literally what i comment too
If I had boobs I would wear that
*bi-stable. The subtitles are wrong.
@@DW-indeed I'll be honest, that was my typo rather than the subtitles... I didn't have them on 😂
I'd actually be curious if there's a practicality to a "space bra", like being able to print to your exact size and shape.
For some reason I find that shape with the two domes very pleasing.
i wonder why
You must be a male squirrel.
An interesting structure indeed
neurons: activated
Gay it means you like balls
this feels futuristic, im glad the world is getting more advanced like this
Quiero un fembot hecho de ese material
During a very technical and academic explanation, hearing "the dome shape or whatever" at <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="448">7:28</a> made me laugh for some reason
My first thought for this is that it would make a great concept for a tent. The "walls" of the tent would also be part of the supporting structure. Once it's expanded you could insert a Lock Block so it would be harder for it to collapse back down.
Fully functional tent at just the pull of a rope
With lots of holes 😉
@@landsgevaer just make the triangles tiny with stretchable mesh underneath
@@rennoc6478 already exist: kzhead.info/sun/mdh_lcqjbJOfZXk/bejne.html sorry for the video being french, dunno any other manufacturer that does it.
@@TidusleFlemard I have on eof those, they arent bad but they have one flaw; putting htem back into the packaged state. The way they work is by using flexible carbon fiber tubes wich are twisted in such a way that they act as a spring. When you remove them from the bag they are compressed in the spring into a tent shape. The problem is when you want to pack up you now have to exert force in sepcific and often complicated ways to get it back into a compressed state, wich is usually a hassle. A tent with the videos mechanism would have the advantage of being able to gets "undeployed" with minimal work required.
what an aesthetically pleasing shape
mhmmm mate sure "aesthetically pleasing"
Lmfao
Very aesthetic and very pleasing
Perfect material to make bras and hats that fold flat for packing into suitcase 👌
That graph you show at <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="458">7:38</a> is pretty much like the graph of an endothermic reaction. This material could easily explain that concept to students in a fun and tactile way. Also, what you were saying about bistable, auxetic molecules, if you look into how hemoglobin works it’s kind of like that. My professor in Biochem explained it with two foam dice, before Oxygen attaches the dice are shrunk next to each other (form 1), then when Oxygen attaches they expand, but they’re limited to that cube shape and touch side by side (form 2). Hemoglobin gets more complicated than that, but that’s an example in nature that comes to what you were suggesting.
The fact that a painting, 100s of years old, when applied to a material becomes a really neat process of scientific mechanics and geometry, is kind of crazy
aliens
Like?????? How much else is hidden hehe geometry is weird
Math is math I guess
@@wormbigailSacred Geometry - its an area of study in its own right.
@@BLEKSIDE humans, actually. Humans with math.
Can you imagine clothes from these materials? Completely flat in one state, perfectly fitting in another? Seems amazing to me
Don't forget see-through.
@@azrobbins01 seems cool for the summer :)
@@azrobbins01 quiet part out loud! Shhh😂
@@azrobbins01you can probably put some fabric between joints to make it opaque. Then it would work perfectly
Yes! This one thing looked like a bra. How cool would it be if the bra were flat while washing and storing but in the perfect shape while wearing?!
I never considered myself particularly brilliant, but I appreciate how you were able to explain all of this. It was perfectly understandable and kept my attention throughout. Super fascinating topic as well. 10/10 im glad to be a new subscriber
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="223">3:43</a> I'll give it to you that this shape indeed attracts attention.
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="222">3:42</a> - Yes, a very interesting shape indeed.
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="82">1:22</a> Haha you had my eyes bawling at the shout out the hydraulic press, absolutely genius Steve!
I was amazed it took me this much scrolling to find the first comment to mention Lauri or the Hydraulic Press Channel
As soon as I heard the music I laughed, before I even realised why. Brains are weird. This was awesome and clever.
I'm rather unhappy that HPC doesn't have the music anymore.
@@jaredkennedy6576 I apparently haven't seen a video of theirs in a while. They haven't had the intro for almost 2 years now (last one I found was Jan 2022 on the Cheetos into Donut video and then Sept 2021 before that) ... that's sad. The music was so iconic that I heard like 4 notes and immediately knew it was a HPC reference. And now with the last two "normal" videos I kinda wonder if Steve's been putting these things in for ages and I just finally got two of them. (The Technology Connections one being the previous one)
😭
I did not expect to leave this video with this much new knowledge, very well explained!
your video was absolutely amazing. Thank you for your teachings and your great presentation. I will purchases these products for my son from your affiliate marketing as well as your wonderful educational presentational material. I'll pass it all along to the next generation. Thank you again, my friend!
The heat map at <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="420">7:00</a> is possibly the best visual demonstration I have ever seen for a level curve on the graph of two variables. I genuinely hope that younger students will see this video before they cover the topic in classes because it would make it so much easier to grasp it. Or at least it would have helped me a lot. Your videos never cease to impress.
Wish I could like this comment multiple times. I was thinking the same thing, that visual representation helped my brain process the rest of the information he was sharing on the screen in that moment.
It seems to me like the best possible example of a level curve for the graph of a function of two arguments would just be... The actual level curves on topographical maps?!? What am I missing?
@@robertofontiglia4148this example might be useful in showing an application that doesn't require a third dimension in space, and can instead be indicated by colour in the 2D graph, which might help some students understand why bother with such graphs in the first place rather than just popping out into 3D. Sorry I don't think I'm quite describing this well. Anyhow, different students find different examples relevant in different amounts; for you, the best example might be a topo graph, while for this commenter the heat maps shown here felt even more illuminating. sometimes things get described (and understood) more absolutely than relatively, perhaps because that's easier to convey, even though it's sometimes only an approximation of what is meant. dunno.
That is an interesting structure. I'm very interested in the structure of that thing.
💀
the point of making it that shape is possibly to gain popularity...
Very intriguing structure indeed!
You might say that it is so interesting, that it may apply transformative forces on secondary structures as well!
Incredible video. Brilliantly explained, loved learning about it.
Thanks Steve. You're our blessing.
For your whiteboard cube contraption: Attach any random tiles from the board game "tsuro" and both states will be legitimate placements. You could also drive yourself fully insane trying to find the specific "Carcassonne" tiles that would work
Not that hard. The only real requirement that the cubes have is that when you open it up, opposite sides of any void are identical, while the other two sides are a mirror image of that. So with the Carcassonne tiles, just surround any single void with a single color, and you're set. I suspect he is only having difficulty because he wants the edges to be clean, which requires three sides of any of the corner pieces to be clean.
you could make an algorithm to check that game that i never heard of and will not even attempt to spell
@rianfelis3156 anyone who plays with rubiks cubes will figure out how it works.... and THEN try and solve it
Similar to the Tsuro idea, you could make a very fun toy with roads on it which rearrange themselves as you push and pull it.
I'm a Mechanical Engineering PhD student researching auxetic sheets (specifically how to embed actuation and sensors while manufacturing them to create smart robotic skins), great video on the topic! It's awesome to see more public attention given to the work done by Mina (<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="387">6:27</a>) and Tian (<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="235">3:55</a>), they're doing lots of cool work in computational graphics and design optimization on the subject!
Not asking you to dox yourself, but are there papers you'd recommend as a start?^^ Sounds very interesting
@@EliasMheart I second this, I'd love to learn more about it
I'm a Mechanical Engineering student, and Tian was one of my Professors! Small world! It's awesome to see cool research done. I go to the University of Houston, he teaches Computational Fluid Dynamics and Solid Mechanics.
Would be interesting to see these structures made of Nitinol which has some similar applications
imagine how cool this stuff would be to make a frame for a tent to be able to pack away with ease just folding it flat & putting it in a bag or something, assuming it could fold over itself It'd be a really cool frame for a tent to just pop out & chuck a cover over I imagine too with stronger materials this could be used for so many things you could even have small expandable pieces of furniture that are easy to slip away in a small space when you don't need them out
Been a long time since ive come across something that makes me smile for the future. Nice! Possibilities are breathtakingly infinite
Protein based bistable structures reminded me of an old idea: crunchy gum. Not really a reason to develop the tech in its own right, but it's an accessible tech demo, and probably a great stim
I want to try crunchy gum! That sounds incredible!
I'm almost convinced that's a thing. Cause iirc there's a stimulating gum I heard of before.
i want this
Give us the crunchy gum
What's crunchy gum?
great job explaining that, love your videos
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="530">8:50</a> Absolutely mindblowing. Literally having chills as a med student hoping to go into cardiology. Made me read up on some research about auxetic stents and auxetic cardiac patches. Crazy
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="83">1:23</a> When the channel theme of the Hydraulic Press Channel started playing (when the cork got compressed), it gave me a wide grin and I started laughing. Thanks! 😆😂
Awesome. Thank you. Also, absolutely perfect Hydraulic Press Channel allusion!
Luv this! Between cooking muffins and omlette on xmas! Thank you❤
I didn’t know about this material yet thank you SO MUCH NOW I KNOW MUCH MORE
Looks like some flat-pack, intensely uncomfortable bras.
This was my thought exactly.
The new Himmelbjerget bra from IKEA (I know, I know, Himmelbjerget is in denmark, but it was the funniest skandinavian sounding word that I could think of that might be understood by at least some people)
The Hydraulic Press Channel reference was inspired! Bravo!
Compliant and Self-assembling shapes are so cool!
Me in the first minute: An interesting structure indeed.
I wonder if you could make an auxetic structure out of shape memory alloy. Then it would expand and contract automatically when heat is applied. Might make for some handy window shades.
That would be a great retrofit for all those stupidly-designed houses with windows facing west!
@@Roxor128imagine being so stupid though, that you thought energy efficiency was the only goal of building design.
This could be an amazing product.
Sure if you want to pay $20,000 for your window shades
Work is currently being done on this in some universities! Super cool stuff.
i haven't watched HPC in years, you hit me so hard in the nostalgia bone
These seem like they could be great for space. You have highly packable material that deploys into certain shapes, maybe into the base shape of a structure and then can be hardened with epoxy, concrete, or metal. This could make for highly efficient deployable structures or spacecraft features.
Good job getting on the eye catching design for any man.
You should try making a version that's flat when extended and becomes curved when squished rather than the other way around. I'd love to see how that works out.
They made that! But I didn't get to film it.
A piece of paper is flat when extended but curved when crushed
@@SteveMould Hi Steve, loved this video. Just out of curiosity, do these shapes break easily due to the amount of stress applied to the points of rotation with every use?
@@chuditeI assume if you notice your strain energy being too much and causing failure you can make the energy valley less deep by choosing a different t and theta value. This would make the stretched conformation less stable but won't put as much stress on the components. They probably do lots of model simulations to optimize a stable but durable material.
@@orena932 Yeah, sounds about right
That Hydraulic Press Channel joke straight up killed me, I love how you're the master of friendly parody of other KZhead channels at this point
Would make an interesting gate or fence design. Cut the metal with a CNC laser or plasma and then stretch it. Custom patterned expanded metal designs. I like it!
Love the hydrolic press reference
That reminds me of the plastic "ball" I have. It also has two stable configurations. Similar to the 9 squares, but it expands in 3D and changes colour on flipping.
Always blue always blue always blue
@@RobertPodosek Always blue always blue always blue
Hoberman sphere?
@@madselena3111 No, but I've got that one, too. The changing color ball has two stable configurations. I've got a video showing that. But I don't think I'm supposed to post links here 🙂
The fold-away bra! I love it.
thank you for this, you have inspired my phd work!
Definitely an interesting shape
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="10">0:10</a> an interesting structure indeed ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)
Can’t believe how often this happens, but you and mark were able to work on very similar projects at the exact same time!
Have you looked at the Dennis the menace UK and USA version and its conception?
Mark who?
I'm convinced they do it on purpose, and just refuse to acknowledge it
@@BloodAspRober
@@TerraCotton Ahh, the mini nerf? I haven't watched it yet.
Im liking this structure.
you've made a self making bra
Good Bra design. I approve of it.
We were all thinking it ;)
Thanks for the sudden HYTRAULIK PRESS TSÄNNEL jump scare. :D :D
Fascinating.
that is a VERY interesting structure indeed
lol, love the nod to the hydraulic Press Channel. Great video.
Loved the hydraulic press channel reference
I feel like these would be great for quickly building structures for habitats on the moon and mars. They could be easily packaged for space flight and quickly erected to serve as the support structure that a strong airtight fabric could be draped over and fastened to.
Yes and no. That structure would be 10-20 meters each way. Unless you pack it like an origami, which could save space, as you'd need 1.2x5x5 space to create a 5x5x5 cube.
i think this also helped me understand the concept of a false vacuum. its basically what if the entire universe is bistable but its in the top valley as shown in <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="480">8:00</a> if some kind of strange force was exerted on a point in the universe it could flip it to its other state where the values for stuff like gravity are different and then everybody dies
This pairs well with Mark Rober's new video. Both were excellent. Thanks Steve!
Thanks for being a substitute for notifications for me
oh you mean the guy who fundraises for torturing autistic kids
actually mark's prof who made a book on compliant mechanicisms was in veritiasium's video a long time ago named "machine parts bending are insane" along the lines that's how dotes connect :)
Steve acknowledges Veritasium’s video in this video
while the core concept itself was already fascinating to learn about, when the animation showing the consequence of changing T and theta came out, i was floored "HOW DID THEY CODE THAT!"
You mean the one at 5:30? As an artist, you could animate the line shrinking/moving with two keyframes and be done in 5 minutes 😅
@@chelsealindsay4821what if it's a simulation? How would they do that?
@@jwalster9412 Zero clue, I am not very knowledgeable about math-graphics
It seems like a good job for Blender's procedural nodes!
Calculus. That's how.
pure delight!!
未来のブラジャー素敵すぎます
Love the hydraulic press channel reference 🤣
Wow, I imagine we'll see aerospace applications based on this in the near-ish future, combined with the relatively recent origami-like packing & folding/unfolding techniques employed by JWST and others. Seems like an excellent means to unfold antennas, mirror arrays, or whatever sort of scaffolding into much larger surface structures with more complex geometry, and fewer moving parts/points of failure.
This whole thing is made up of tiny little moving parts, all the tiny hinges are going to tear like tissue paper in a high stress environment
@@davidy22Well, yes, but couldn't the general concept could be adapted to work for different materials and environments? The hinges could be strengthened by choosing the right material, geometry, and scale. Just spitballin', but I could see cutting the tile geometry into a thin, flat sheet of a memory alloy like NiTi, unrolling and applying a heating/cooling cycle to transform it. Granted, it would only be useful in a pretty narrow range of applications, but still...
@@musicbyerland Any material you can make this with is going to be stronger as solid sheets instead of as a lattice of little metal fatiguing joints. This is going in things that aren't going to be taking heavy loads, aerospace can't use this
@@davidy22 true, but I wasn't thinking in terms of structures that repeatedly move or support heavy loads. I probably shouldn't have referenced mirror arrays or heavy structural elements. More like a means of deploying a solar sail with special surface geometry, an inflatable habitat, or maybe a lightweight radio dish or something.
Thank you for your deep-dive into stable & auxetic materials. It's allowed me to respond to my mother's email in a very accessible way.
An interested structure it is indeed 😊
The amount of references to other creators, and the seamlessness of them all is truly astounding
I just recently defended my PhD thesis in which I developed multistable, adaptive structures from a zero-poisson-ratio cellular material for aerospace applications. Great explanation of the topic!
Flat folding bras. Awesome. :-)
The sample 3D shape is well-chosen👍
3D or 36D?
I studied Auxetics as a side project in college because it was mentioned in a FOOTNOTE in one of my textbooks. Understanding a negative Poisson’s ratio is so neat. I’ve seen auxetics used in ballistic doors as well!! Go check them out, as well as understanding the ratio of strain and shear and compressibility if you’re curious like I was.
I was sent some packing paper like this and it entertained me for hours. I still think about it. It can lay flat, be folded up, but you could also wrap it perfectly around a ball. It could be used like regular paper, or it could be turned into structural padding. It could conform to any shape. Yet also to back to being a flat piece of paper. The uses for it are boundless and go well beyond just protecting items in packaging.
Steve now has a video where he talks to the creator and team that designed that very packing paper lol!
Love the hydraulic press channel reference!
love the hydraulic press channel music when squishing cork.
Interesting structure indeed
Interesting shape indeed Steve.
i see another man of culture
This had me stretched for sure. Amazing material concept!
I don't see a lot of people talking about this, but this would be perfect for a bra. It would be able to be form fitting for a wide variety of sizes and then compact down to a flat surface for travel and storage purposes. All you would have to do is put some sort of stretchy cloth over the front and back of it.
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="147">2:27</a> you can make a bunch of plusses + on each square. This will always make a plus when rotated 90 degrees
Genius yet rudimentary n pragmatic
Feels a bit cheap, though
When I watched you speak about KiwiCo I cried. My parents were not there for me growing up and so everything I know is a true accumulation of gems like you in the community spreading the word about true knowledge and gatekeeping nothing. Everything you post is genius and makes my brain itch in all the right ways I cant thank you enough for keeping me optimistic and thinking. Thank you cool internet uncle Steve Mould, truly captivating.
I feel you. When Steve said "they think like makers, now" it really reached me.That's a whole other level of wholesomeness.
I feel you bro, I experienced the same, just with books, since the internet wasn't really an easily accessible thing when I was a kid. You need to *know* that this is not your fault and you deserve to be seen and respected and cared for and liked and loved, without conditions. You can have that in your life, it's a tough journey, I know, but also an immensely rewarding one. Your parents can't take that away from you.
The sqUARE ONE works in quadrants.. so if you subdivided each cube with blakc lines it would be the same in both directions. That said you can then craft in those subdivisions, a picture one way, and then a picture another way, and so depending on those subdivisions line up it creates two separate images.
I'm sure this has been said many times already but that is a very cool and futuristic bra!
I think this would be a great way to make tent frames, maybe just drape a cloth over the lattice, and you have a shelter. This is super cool, and I’d like to learn more
If this results in the development of bras that can lie flat when you store them, the world will be a much better place.
Good concept.
"Mom can we get exotic material?" "We have exotic material at home." Exotic material at home:
Beautiful hydraulic press reference 🤣
Some people at my old place of work made a material that was bistable at the molecular level. It wasn't auxetic, but it did exhibit negative thermal expansion (it got smaller when heated), which was pretty cool. Switching between stable states was chemically, rather than mechanically driven -they added water for one state and organic solvent for the other. We published the water containing structure in nature chemistry. Good times 😁
when when you make negative nitinol 😬😬
The hydronic press channel reference was subtle but appreciated
10 seconds into the video, and i'm already seeing possibilities with this... like compact bras
R.I.P. headphone users <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="557">9:17</a>🤯
This is like an unexpected mix of engineering and a psychedelic experience
Huh... reminds me of the expanding spiky ball toy at my Grandma's house as a kid, until we broke it anyway, lol. That was the first thing that popped to my mind when you explained the concept of an auxetic bistable object. These would be awesome fidget toys honestly.
i need this as a fidget toy