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Credits:
Writer/Narrator: Brian McManus
Writer: Josi Gold
Editor: Dylan Hennessy
Animator: Mike Ridolfi
Animator: Eli Prenten
Sound: Graham Haerther
Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster
References:
[1]eos.org/science-updates/recor...
[2]www.researchgate.net/publicat...
[3]www.superconductors.org/Type1.htm
[4]journals.aps.org/pr/pdf/10.11...
[5]www.scienceabc.com/pure-scien...
[6]hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/...
[7]www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webproject....
[8] hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/...
[9]hypertextbook.com/facts/2007/....
[10]iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
[11]www.researchgate.net/publicat...
[12]reductionrevolution.com.au/bl...
[13]www.researchgate.net/profile/...
[14]books.google.es/books ?id=jm9hGqECbXcC&pg=PA490&lpg=PA490&dq=prix+du+cuivre+par+kilo+Ampère+mètre&source=bl&ots=7ZHqL9EHQW&sig=ACfU3U3qLet15Fz2UBo6SGFOSa6tucfp5A&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjB4--vve2AAxWvRKQEHYM9AacQ6AF6BAhFEAM#v=onepage&q=prix%20du%20cuivre%20par%20kilo%20Ampère%20mètre&f=false
[15]qdusa.com/siteDocs/appNotes/1...
[16]www.sciencedirect.com/science...
[17]arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/23...
[18]time.com/6301391/experts-skep...
[19]forums.spacebattles.com/threa...
[20]arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/23...
[21]arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/23...
[22]arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/23...
[23]www.nature.com/articles/d4158...
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Thank you to AP Archive for access to their archival footage.
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Let's just think about this for a second. Someone put a ceramic wire, very brittle stuff, in the ground for a KILOMETER and it works. That in and of itself is a massive achievement.
Doubt ceramic works bud. Maybe you meant glass
@@replynotificationsdisabled there’s a ceramic superconductor. 4:45 Watch for about 2 minutes if you want to see what miinyoo is talking about.
while liquid nitrogen is pumped alongside them, and insulated to control the temperature
They're made from tapes which have a few micron thick layer of the ceramic superconductor (single crystalline, vacuum deposited) on a strong metal substrate for strength. But still, the mechanics are one of the biggest issues in applications of this type of superconductor
Touched 220v with a wrench the other day... Pretty sure I am a super conductor. Wasn't even cold 😂
I have some 345kv if you want it...
if you felt it, you're not
@@pratikkore7947 lol I haven't felt anything for days so I suppose that settles it. Beam me up Elon 💪
More like ruin my company and act like an idiot elon.
@@tommyboi0did you see a doctor about that? Seems like something you should have checked.
Very important to note Is that 'a' superconductor is not a technical/usable superconductor. By far. There's a lot to being practical for superconductors, for example their current carrying capability is also limited by magnetic field and mechanical stress. At one of our recent conferences on applied superconductivity (EUCAS 2023) there was a nice plenary targeted at the general public which I would recommend to watch after this nice video here. It can be found on the youtube channel of the university of Bologna, where the conference was held.
What is the link to the particular video?
@@sion8search YT for "Eucas 2023 round table" 👌
@@bakedbeings Thanks!
You know what's cool about the internet? Hyperlinks. kzhead.info/sun/qrpppJtumpVsp6s/bejne.html
Thx, will go take a look. A YT comment with value...frightening. :-)
If you're going to talk about superconductors for power transmission, I believe you should also be talking about their critical current density and critical magnetic field density. The temperature at which they're superconducting is not independent of the magnetic field around them and the current that runs through them.
Since he didn't, could you elaborate a bit?
@@Donnerwampwatch Thunderf00ts video on super conductors he does a good job explaining why even if a STP metallic superconductor was invented it wouldn't fundamentally change anything just slightly higher performance in electrical devices, slightly better energy efficiency and slightly more compact designs. Not the revolution so many people claim. You can only pass so much current through a superconductor until it is no longer superconducting btw so the design improvements possible are limited and even if you replaced the entire modern grid with super conductors you're only talking about a 5% increase in energy efficiency max
Glad you mentioned this fact. Many people mistakenly think you can just pass endless amount of current through a superconductor.
@@Spider-Man-2099 If you were to replace every wire in the grid with room temperature super conductor, the grids efficency would be increased by 100%. Because, by definition, a superconductor has no losses. And the critical current density/ critical field limitations are only really relevant for super strong magnets and other specific use cases. They are easy to overcome for an application like a lossless grid. The limit is on current density, Amperes of current per sqaure centimeter of cross-sectional area, so you can just increase the cross-section or run multiple lines in parallel until it's no longer a problem. It's the same with regular wires. If you want to pass a high current, you're going to end up with a thicker wire, compared to a low current application.
@@plainText384 no not a 100% increase in efficiency. That's completely wrong I mean a 100% increase in something is the same as doubling it. Modern grids are already over 90% efficient so doubling their efficiency is impossible. Superconductors just get rid of energy lost to heat sound etc they can't create more energy. So if over 90% of the energy is already getting to the desired location how can you double efficiency? Also if the superconductor needs to be made thicker to maintain superconductivity that would only be worth it if the superconducting material were cheap
I am LOVING these renders. The liquid in the cable looked SO good.
I love your notebooks. I've used the little graphing one and the bigger softish graphing notebook for a few years. I love your channel, love your logo on them, and enjoy the quality. And of course, the videos
I feel like this is clickbait. No real advancements yet.
Inception is based on a true story!! 📺 We’re living in a dream world 🌎 😴 Planting seeds in each others minds!! 🌱 Let’s create heaven on earth!! 👼 Galaxy collisions!! 🌌 Twin flame connections!! 🔥 🔥 Superheroes!! Super pets!! Super foods!! Everything is awesome!!🤩
Love the video on superconductors! However at 8:25 it seems you’ve left a gap in your editing as it says “Media Offline,” but keep up the great videos!
Their editor must be an idiot.
premiere pro jumpscare
There actually is a second way for the wide spread implementation of superconductors. And thats if we find a way of cheaply and simply cooling something to cyogenic temperatures. In that case we could just use the ones we already know of. Not as practical as a room termperature superconductor, but it would still be a massive step forward.
Cooling is removal of energy, which also takes energy. I'm guessing by leveraging cheap renewables (such as solar) you could cool a lot of nitrogen. Not really sure what else goes into liquid nitrogen production apart from energy costs. However you also need to factor in costs of the superconducting materials. I looked into it for a bit and Bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide (BSCCO) Bi-2223 is the most economical one to use, however it is a crystal and as far as i understand it it is made into wire by soldering grains of it into silver with brass protective sheathing, which as you imagine is not cheap.
It's not "removal of energy". Cooling sub surrounding temperature means adding energy.@@linecraftman3907
He mentioned that the low temperature makes materials brittle, though. That makes it a lot harder to work with, so also more expensive.
@@kalebbruwertbh, the cable doesn't need to be cryogenic when it's laid, once it's laid it can be as brittle as it wants as long as it has sufficient protection which you'd need anyway cuz of sea life and boat anchors...
@@MihkelKukk ...Why are you thinking of the ocean? Ground sewers need flex points because the ground moves, ground cables need flex else they fail. These are realities of civil engineering. Also further points of failure on having a vaccum chamber around the cable a puncture from anything could invalidate the entire line before you even have a liquid nitrogen leak you can detect a difference of 3 kelvin is too small to use it. Basically its unusuable we can't just replace any cables and the cables in the ocean are optic fibers which don't need further "upgrading". Cables also don't have theese upkeep costs too from having to run pumps or sensors to ensure it keeps functioning with staff having to monitor individual lines which is even finer then the sub stations which is already happening. And then also the cable still runs power the fields itself are going to heat the liquid nitrogen so you have to regularly "refuel" your power lines and you can't just use atmosphere condensate either since its gonna rebubble some of the gasses who liquified long before nitrogen or move dry ice particles along the lines. Its not a simple thing we can just do. Its just like medication the more you roll it out the more issues you will see
Hi Brian, great summary! Part of the hype about Lk99 was due to the fact that they had a peer reviewed paper published in Korean in 2021 as well as 3 patents. In one of the patents they state a resistivity value well within the superconductivity range, but this number is only in the text.
Hey, Just a question i thought superconducting materials would have a resistance of 0? How high can the resistivity value be as a superconductor?
The animations are so cool! Some of the best work I've seen on KZhead. Hats off to Mike and Eli
Hi
Man, I love this channel. That super conductor cable is so awesome and yet I never heard of it until now.
Excellent work as always I must admit I do believe you are the best science communicator on KZhead to date
There is a small mistake around 4:00. Cooper pairs are physically very far apart, much further than the nanometer scale.
From what I've gathered about the topic and video, these seem to be great explanations of the social-scientific and physical processes involved, congrats!
Think I appreciated one of my favorite mech anime - Code Geass - a lot more when I learned that the source of its advanced technology wasn't actually some mysteriously dense energy source or hypothetical miniaturized fusion reaction, but the fact that the series' phlebotinum, Sakuradite, was a naturally occuring room temp superconductor. It says a lot that the series writers went out of their way to state that the in-universe calendar starts about 55 years before the Gregorian calendar, meaning there's things like sophisticated high speed rail, power grids, pocket coilguns, humongous mecha, etc. in what would be the equivalent in our timeline of the mid-60s.
I felt the same with Mass effect. Although it isn’t really based on actual science it just seems so much more realistic that they discovered one thing (the manipulation of Mass) and derived all of their futuristic technology from that.
@@Simoxs7 What you both fail to take into consideration is infragenerational communication pattern coupled with particle metaepidemoanatomy producing antiterminological motivation environment Toxicophysics. This combined with Quantum Chemology, the resulting Xenointegrated Aggression Balance and Physical Conversely Metagenetics.Ultradynamic combined with a Process Virology Molecular Climatohistory Thermostructural Image Concept, ie, Toxicomathematics Diapsychological, Gaseous Optics, Multiintegrated Cellular Metrics and Experimental Metaepidemochemistry Toxicomorphology with the reflected Photoconditioned Quantum Theory. Thermoforensic Trauma Classification, β Cellular Stereooptics Diaemotional Image Pattern Ultraanalytical Gaseous Classification Stereohistoanatomy Teleconditioned, Behavior MetricsParamathematics ≠ Molecular Parabotany or Endogenerational Plasma System Evolutionary Neurolinguistics. However Geovolcanometrics Phenoterminological resulted in the (x+a)^n=∑_(k=0)^n,〖(n¦k) x^k a^(n-k) 〗Quantum Aspect 1. kzhead.info/sun/ks1_ipyCq5hqdac/bejne.html. In the final product, the NO2 and carbonyl are meta-directors. Therefore, we need to start with acyliation to direct the nitration because Friedel-Crafts chemistry won't go on a deactivated ring.
just rewatched it, that anime is a masterpiece
@@millyamp2214it’s odd. You spout gibberish, then at the very end, say some basic organic chemistry.
I love hearing about future developments. Thanks
The first SC Powerline was laid in Essen several years ago. It was for similar reason like in South Korea. Space constraint in the city and in the tunnel which had to be used forced to use SC Wire for the first time commercially. If there is another application preceding this, please let me know. Media can be very narrow. I guesstimate the US or Japan could have similar projects too.
Very interesting, very clear explanations, I look forward to future installments on superconductivity.
This is a great video and makes me realize how important it could be to create a high temperature superconductor material. Hopefully soon more capital will get dedicated to research as it has with fusion.
Loving these last few physics/engineering vids
Excellent video as always ! Beautiful animations combined with a detailed explanation as yours is a gift for us enthusiasts !
spicy mamas
Really cool . How about a video on the many applications of Super Conductors and how the world could be changed by them like cheap MRI machines in your home or on your phone .
Super useful thanks for making this video!
Great video, That is pure of fact. This video deserves a bigger audience for sure.
This was a great video. Thank you for teaching me.
When you introduced the Meissner effect, at 9:10, I think you were showing videos of Pyrolytic Graphite. I was surprised when I recently learned that these levitate at room temperature from an effect separate from the Meissner effect.
Love your vids!
Man, i was hoping you would do a video like this soon
At first I was like, hold on, wasn't this posted a good while ago? Then I checked Nebula and sure enough, I had indeed already watched it.
You actually explained the fundamentals of superconductivity really well. It took two seconds to understand the phenomenon. HTSCs are a fair bit more complicated but the basics are right there at minute 4
He lost me at "specific intervals". Intervals of what? Time? Space? Temperature?
A room temperature superconductor would indeed be great. Just think about using using it in an electric motor, the power it could make would no longer be limited at all by overcurrent or anything like that. The only limiting factor would be the torque and centrifugal forces the material would have to withstand.
This is definitely the best channel I have seen for these engineering topics
Room temperature supernconducting is like designing a perpetual energy machine with-in gravity.
Thank you. Fantastic channel.
Great video! 🙏
Ist a good day when Real Engineering uploads
at 8:25 you have an offline media fragment for about 3 frames
GALAK GALAK
Another Brilliant video!
A fascinating video, while it is a pity LK-99 was not the breakthrough we were hoping for. Perhaps studying its properties will bring us one step closer to achieving this elusive holy Grail technology. Though if I may ask a question, would carbon nanotubes qualify as a superconductor? I ask this because your video on the subject described how its conductive properties had enormous potential for energy distribution. Seeing this video made me wonder if these properties gave it the potential to function as a superconductor. But even if it cannot, your video has made me curious as to what a room-temperature superconductor could be used for to warrant such enormous attention. Hopefully, we will find the answer to that question in good time.
Exactly the video I wanted
Already watched on nebula. 💪
Great video!
8:25 love the Adope Premiere missing media warning
Very interesting! I always thought a super conductor was when a train conductor focused his energy and through a process outlined in DBZ, multiplied his energy to become the legendary Super Conductor
Kaaaakaaaaarot!
LMAO💀💀💀
🤦♂️
The ''Tinkam: introduction to superconductivity'' is a super starting point for those who want to learn more about it. I still prefer your original voice but the québécoise lady is getting better at it :)
Incredible video! I never thought about the implications of room temperature super conductors. Trading solar power across the ocean with no losses? That would truly be an amazing achievement for the planet!
I agree. This all makes sense to me
nice video :) Always like your videos ! I wanted to ask if you are interested in covering the topic on why cars aren't made of stainless steel. I mean if the only reason is that the car makers want us to come back every 5 years to buy a new car, then it's quite sad. I'm interested to know if there really is a strong metallurgical and/or engineering reason why we don't drive around in stainless steel cars. I mean we spend so much effort applying about 5 different coatings to cars to avoid them from corroding too soon.. so why not go stainless ?
if you're interested in making further videos on superconductors, my dad is one of the world's leading experts and i'm sure he would love to talk to you about it.
This is why the internet is amazing, it connects people who otherwise would never be connected.
It would be awesome 🤩🤩
And who is your dad?
Superconductors could even be used as a sort of battery. Charge it up. The current stays inside the loop and discharge later
It's already done, though its cost and energy density are quite low. They're used as line reactors (big ass inductor). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superconducting_magnetic_energy_storage
@@willis936Like the cost is low too? the wording is weird
@@crow2989 I’m assuming willis is referring to two factors that currently make it prohibitively uneconomical: 1) Cost (high) 2) Energy density (low)
Yes that one. I haven't had my cawfee yet.
I'm not sure if you could make a battery or even a fuel cell from it. Supercapacitor, maybe.
8:24 Dang that actually startled me cuz I've been haunted by that so many times
Man this tech would unlock more to the tech tree 😂 I can’t wait
Materials Science Undergrad student here. This guy just made me love in Materials, again!
Thank you!
I wonder if there could be some sort of meta-material that could work. I have no background in the natural sciences, but I recently saw a video that discussed them. Since a superconductor requires a stable crystal lattice, would there be any way to engineer a material that has that property without just relying on the composition of the material itself? Though I supposed it would have to be built on a molecular level, and I don't know if we have the technology to create something like that right now
As far as i know, molecular engineering right now is done with discovered chemical recipes. Finding recipes to create related materials, and then breaking off parts through other known chemical recipes, and testing out new experimental methods based on molecular theory. I wonder how good simulations are now
do a video on the iron dome
This is by far the most informative video I've watched on superconductivity, and I've watched a lot of videos since LK-99. Thank you!
Pleas make a video on Osiris rex and the new physce mission
Waiting for ur video on Hypersonics and Chimera engine of hermeus
Forget energy storage, Moving energy across the globe is what we need.
LK-99 as a superconductor is not quite dead yet. Research outside the authors is ongoing though sparce; and some of the authors are still resolute in their conclusions with papers promised for publication.
I hope it isn't a Dead on Arrival conclusion that comes about simply through apparent lack of reproducibility. Kinda reminds me of how the SR71 Blackbird had so many incremental improvements that the designers and engineers new of but never wrote down that make it very difficult to reproduce. Heck, nature is like this, we only know of the results from observation but take a long time to understand why things are that way. Biomimetics comes to mind.
Pff, it's dead.
1:34 When I first saw the first headlines, I said "I bet it's Ranga Dias again". When it wasn't I became cautiously optimistic.
Wouldn't this be the closest value to zero loss when discussing entropy?
IIRC Superconductor computers are estimated to get ridiculously powerful as the universe cools, like to the point where it could emulate more human brains than there are atoms in the actual computer. So yeah probably
The French voice doesn’t have a soul I am sure of that, but your voice is amazing
I’m convinced science is just magic at this point
Other cool applications are quantum computing and quantum sensing: @ quantum computing (superconducting qubits, currently ahead in terms of technological readiness of digital quantum computers, see IBM) @ sensing (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID for high-resoltion magnetic fields/currents, Superconducting nanowire Single Photon DetectoS (SSPDS's) for high-time-resolution single photons), etc. Quantum sensors are underrated, given that they are not exciting on their own and rather enable other really cool technologies
8:18 hummingbirds: look what they need to do to immitate a fraction of our power
This video makes an understandable mistake that I've seen repeated many places, so I'm not trying to be overly critical, but while many people kept calling what LK-99 did "levitation", it always had one bit touching the magnet (unlike what your animation shows).
I wish my friends talked about weird science stuff more too.
Superconductor using in semi electrical device The Superconductivity explanation of cooper pairs Amazing 3D Animation 👌 Superconductivity
Some materials are superconducting at room temps under very high pressures. Can we make some kind of Super-sheathing that could exert enough pressure on the core of the wire? if I had a perfect diamond crystal and put an atom of lead inside it - would the lattice not exert pressure to resist dislocation?
I love you videos ❤
Aways great content, but you're 3d artists just keep stepping up their game!! Beautifully illustrated and animated.
your*
@@gio3061 - yaw*
A few times I got to play with some ceramic Yttrium-based superconductors at KTH in Stockholm that were cooled by liquid nitrogen and isolated by scotch tape. They also had several neodymium alloy magnet tracks for demonstrations as well as one hyperbolic track that let the superconductor swing back and forth. Some of my videos of it: kzhead.info/sun/pM2xg9FxqJiFpa8/bejne.html kzhead.info/sun/dd5pn6ixjJiDnYk/bejne.html
3:50 finally I know why they have to be super cold!
When I studied superconductors in my inorganic chemistry class, I distinctly remember being very disappointed that superconductors cannot handle much in the way of current. Can a superconductive power grid actually be viable? Electrical resistance wastes the equivalent of 70 power plants worth of electricity in the United States, as I recall, so it is a worthy goal. The same current limitations should also preclude superconducting supercapicators. There must be ways around these limitations, though.
It's unlikely super conductors will ever be used on that scale. LK99 for example was a ceramic so even if it were a super conductor, it had very niche actual use cases. Being a ceramic means it's more prone to cracks in heat cycles, it's fragile, low tensile strength, and it's also not flexible. Not to mention even if we did prefabricate links of it like we would conduit, it would loose the resistance free quality. While that segment may be a super conductor, we can't just splice together ceramics and current systems of coupling almost completely diminish the advantage of a super conductor. Plus even if we ever do make a super conductor, it will still cost more than copper or aluminum. In the end is it really worth the extra effort when we could just run a few more power plants? Like you said it's a loss of around 70 power plants in the US from grid losses, but that's out of the over 11,000 the US has. That's about 0.5% of the plants we need to run the country in the first place. Do we honestly believe these expensive super conductors will change much?
@@Skylancer727The cable in this video is made out of similar ceramic. Its not used in bulk but as a layer on metallic tape. These ceramics are already used in some high field magnets by CFS and MagLab. Splicing is a tiny fraction of wire length, its resistance can be ignored for a lot of applications. Costs only matter per ampere-meter, if the material can carry 1000x than copper per cm^2 then it has some big margin to spare
@E1Luch no they're not. He even said in the video the cables were made of magnesium diboride. It's a metal exclusively, just like his images even showed of it. Why it's one of the most used super conductors as it's really the only practical one. And 1000x the current isn't remotely realistic. Once you cram too much into it, it will start heating up and losing its properties. At most we're talking an advantage of 10x and a more realistic range of 2-5x. But what does it matter when the lines cost over 30 times more. And that's with magnesium diboride which isn't quite the rare earth metals some proposed super conductors use. It's still far better than the niobium titanium that MRI machines currently use, but it's still nothing close to conventional wire. I mean if all we cared about was efficiency we'd have been using silver wires this whole time. We use copper and aluminum because they're cheap.
@@Skylancer727 Yes they are. When did he say that? How can they be magnesium diboride with Tc = 39K when they are cooled with liquid nitrogen at 60 something K? Why would they be made as tapes around copper core if they were metal? YBCO films have reached 3-6 MA/cm^2 at 77K and up to 90 MA/cm^2 at 4K. 2nd gen YBCO tapes have been tested at 20 KA/cm^2 at 77K. ( doi 10.1007 / s10948-018-4678-8 ). Copper in regular wires is at like 200-600 A/cm^2, maybe up to 800 for short time in railway catenary wire. It obviously doesn't matter because even with these numbers these tapes are obviously too expensive, and power cables with thermal and electrical insulation would be even more expensive, however my point about the margins they have for improvement stands. I was not arguing that they are already cheaper, we would see them used way more widely if that was the case. And SC wire can not heat up with DC AT ALL under critical parameters, it has exactly 0 resistance. Apart from miniscule effects in type 2 SC that can also be mitigated, where will it take energy to heat up?
@@Skylancer727 Also none of the 4 elements of YBCO are particularly rare, and SC ceramic its only a small coating on top of a metal substrate. And the reference paper in the video description [10] literally says its YBCO ans BSCCO. There are sites that let you buypass paywalls in journals, I recommend
I saw one of those 3 layers cables who came up with up with idea it's Austrian Chemical industry company Borealis I didn't know it can distribute Hydrogen in that cable on semiconductor issue it be good
Realy I like this video its interestyng
Cool, we're almost there. God bless.
a worldwide supergrid!? space-based solar power stations seem more plausible.
good content
We have loads of metals and materials that exist Because of their imperfect mixes with other stuff. Also how clear was the scientist's version of it being an insulator? Maybe it can replace windows? depending on it's cost it'll be left for corporations and labs but if it's cheap enough it could be in future homes. Also. I've often thought as a species we Should publish failed projects and tests that way their only repeated going in with the knowledge of why it failed and if a new material or method may be used for other things.
3:40 its not really them smacking into each other its the random motion motion of charged particles within the substance causing the electric fields to move and change which impedes the flow of electrons as they interact with those changing electric fields.
Good video. But you didn't mention much of the use cases only power transmission was mentioned. Microchips would benefit a lot as well and its impacts could vary. With superconductors microchips would be able to be smaller, higher clock rates, no cooling needed. All these things would have massive impacts on industry.
Way more important than transmitting solar from africa to somewhere else would be that room temperature superconducting materials may enable semiconductors to be built that can run at many times the clock speed of current products without even needing to be cooled. A potential multiplication of processing speeds for all machines. Thats just a crazy prospect, a cpu running at 50ghz. Oh well, wasnt meant to happen yet.
Super conductors have so many applications beyond power transmission. We might build levitating trains, super efficient electric motors and generators, computer chips, fusion reactors, particle accelerators, magnetic bearings, energy storage systems, cheap MRI Mashines for everybody instead of just a few percent of the worlds popularion etc. Essentially every device that uses electromagnetism would be touches by this. If we could get rid of most of the thermal energy losses in electric systems and all the cooling equipment needed for superconductivity, this would open up a completly new technological chapter.
RIP to the offline media at 8:24
Honestly, even using standard resistive cables in a world spanning energy ring would be an era defining achievement for humanity. I'd argue that an ultra high voltage DC transmission ring line the connected Europe, North America, and Asia would be a massive net positive and the transmission lossses would easily be made up through access to solar and wind surpluses. Adding a spur for Africa, South america, and south pacific would also provide large access to both those energy markets, but also their seasonally opposite renewable energy outputs. The insane thing is... we already have laid out this system, only it's fiber optics and the power in the cabes run the amplifiers.
oh boy
When Rajnikanth enters bus... He becomes Superconductor
Amazing
Thank you, this is a lovely way to explain this.
8:35 I’m confused by this statement “cannot be canceled” but explain how does 2 non-electromagnetic dipole feral magnet with ability to turn it on/off to metals like steel work..?
Nice!
Thank you.
why aim so high so soon with superconductive materials in a worldwide grid? just being able to make server farms, motors, and other every day objects with superconductive components would be incredibly useful, and probably do more improving energy grids than actually making the transmission gear with it.
That premier pro missing clip error
What about a material that is superconductive at the temperature and pressure at the bottom of the ocean? Seems easier than room temperature and pressure.
If superconductors have no resistance I suppose they can be used as batteries as well, right? As I understand it, a superconducting circuit could be charged once an then electrons would flow through it indefinitely until we connect something to it. Can a room/high temperature superconductor be the breakthrough we need in battery design?
Just wanted to say that that at 8:25 there's a small error window