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Ok
You are great
I must admit you made a very convincing and compelling publicity for Curiosity Stream.
Love the video but I'd love too see longer videos, or more videos. I'm sure it's not easy but it would be awesome to get more content from you. 🛸
What's the name of the episode of Butterfly Effect you menioned?
Oh man! I thought the thumbnail was some upper body x-ray or something!!
@@markdavis7397 im also amazed. The only reason i clicked on this video is because i wanted to read the comments lol
Shamefully slinking into this comment section because i clicked for the same reason Trust i just got done watching tons of STEM videos!
I was like, "Is this the ghost of Devo?"
I was thinking "please tell me I'm not the only one who saw boobs" 😂
Yeah
Your dedication to the most impractical methods of flight is impressive, as is the ingenuity you apply to the designs.
😂😂😂😂😂
It always makes me want to think of even more impractical methods.
The original didn’t look promising either. Sometimes It’s just for a bit of fun, even if all the laws tell you its not gona be good.
you're _100%_ true dude
I mean you can say they are impractical now tell he finds something that's better then we have. experimenting with these kinds of things can sometimes reveal better ways of doing things. like the people looking back at flywheels to make batteries with them. flywheels are old old but throw it into a vacuum chamber and have it use magnetic bearings to take almost all friction away and how long will it keep the energy inside it for. a long time. flywheels batteries are pretty neat.
2:35 you have to love KZhead ads
oh my god I watched that same documentary! I can't remember exactly what they were using it for, but i thought it was something spacey, like an elevator climber or a solar sail demo, although they were getting a lot more thrust than photon pressure because of that plasma so maybe that's just what my young space-obsessed brain was thinking, not realizing it wouldn't work above the atmosphere... Anyway awesome project! I've wanted to work with vortex rings for a while but have found very little information and your cone/funnel/bin iteration was fascinating - I'd love a "speed of ring" equation as a function of air blast strength, time, cone length, and taper, but I don't think anybody has bothered to calculate that...
Me too and I think it was a space elevator.
@@seeker1015 ah! So I’m not crazy!
Sadly, one of the inventors, Jordin Kare, passed away at a fairly young age, and couldn't continue this work.
@@AlphaPhoenixChannel No this was still in the phase where channels like discovery and the history channel were still producing things with actual scientific value and educational content and hadn't gotten infected with the reality tv viral mutagen, and the groupthink of ancient aliens or cryptid/ mythological programs caused them to devolve into some poor facsimile that was somehow thought of as entertainment. Man those were the days Modern marvels and others like it were the shit and really what i can attribute a lot of my interest in science and the natural world to.
I think it was Scientific American Frontiers with Alan Alda. The amount of electricity they needed for the laser for one test was the "enough to run a town of 1,000 homes for three days" type analogies... not very practical for any sort of real lift. Also the gyro stabilization would be lethal for anyone aboard. It had that "Flight of the Navigator" vibe though, which was cool.
This video seems like an Engineer's solution for not knowing how to vape
Good one!!!
I wonder what this would do to a tomato.
Hi integza!
I’ll take this over putting crap in my lungs that doesn’t belong there
@@manitoba-op4jx you've been vaping crap??
This could be a job for a sprinkler valve. They're meant for water but will dump a large volume of air from an air tank instantly. I've used them in a few projects. Great for air cannons. Basically they use their own pressure to seal the air. When you apply a voltage to the solenoid it allows a small amount of air to release the pressure which releases a much larger valve instantly.
this comment is completely accurate
That sounds similar to quick exhaust valves found in paintball guns
I'd look into an industrial QEV, quick exhaust valve. Similar in function to your sprinkler valves except better in every possible way and need no modification.
@@dontnubblemebro seconding this. I used a QEV for a potato gun when I was younger and it worked fantastically. I ordered it from McMaster Carr and it only cost me like 20 dollars!
they are barely fast enough, I think you would have to couple the sprinkler valve with a trapdoor style purge valve in order to get the optimal "waterhammer" type effect for a vortex.
Always impressed with your inventiveness, your imagination, and your skill in reducing both to practice. All three result in steady and impressive progress.
Easily earned my subscription. Great video! Love that you include the tries that didn't go as well and explain why you went with different designs - fantastic!
I remember seeing that same laser propulsion video when I was a kid! I think what's going on is they have a pulsed laser with an optics setup that makes a wide beam that's below the energy density that will cause air breakdown, and the highly polished "UFO" aircraft focuses that beam to a density that can cause air breakdown, and the plasma pop pushes it up a little bit. No idea what kind of laser power you'd need for this, but I'd guess into a pretty substantial average watts realm on a fast pulse. If someone on here can pull off reproducing it even at garage scale I'd be impressed.
This sounds like a job for Styropyro!
collab with styropyro
Considering how long ago that was filmed, and the availability of "cheap" Chineesium lasers, it could well be possible to get the same results today with multiple lasers all firing at the same object...?
afik, they were using a multi-killowatt pulsed CO2 laser to fly that UFO. I.e. something expensive and good at killing mirrors.
Let's say the metal thingy weights 100g. That would need roughly 4.8 watts with no losses according to SO. But it isn't that simple because levitating doesn't require any power. You can make for example magnets levitate indefinitely without any energy.
The thumbnail made me lol. Great content Tom
Had to scroll way to far to finally find a comment about the "familiar looking" thumbnail
?
Impressive that you worked out that nozzle design seemingly by intuition. I don't think I've ever encountered someone who found fluid dynamics intuitive.
That demonstration was never seen again because it involved ionic propulsion and collaterally demonstrated that it could move a much smaller projectile horizontally at speeds rivaling a bullet
If you want a really short, powerful burst of air, look into using a QEV (quick exhaust valve) with a solenoid-controlled pilot valve. That's what I used for the full auto pneumatic blaster on my channel. Normal solenoid valves have a very long opening/closing time. QEVs can dump entire secondary tanks in a fraction of the time.
They're popular in paintball & combat robotics for a reason. Though they require an extra valve to safely discharge the pressurised tank after usage
I used a 3/4 inch diameter QEV from McMaster Carr for a potato gun and it worked great. QEVs would be a great solution.
Recently I also play with vortex ring generator using same technology as you. I tested same valve as you, but now I moved to 2v130-15. It has much larger orifice diameter that allows larger air flow with similar on/off cycle time. That resulted with larger and faster stable rings.
I am so into this. Vortices & toroids have fascinated me for a long time. Keep playing with this, Tom. You have my attention!
I always love watching your awesome projects! Always inspires me. I remember hearing about that kind of laser propulsion with Chevrolet's Chaparral 2X VGT concept car which used this technology to propel itself across the ground, crazy stuff which obviously excited my little brain!
I'm an I&C engineer with lots of experience with Solenoid Valves. I'm a little surprised that you setup worked as well as it did. A larger SV would probably be a better choice. For a 2-way solenoid valve there are really only 3 variables, voltage, Cv and pressure rating. You can get a direct acting valve, or a pilot operated valve which is slower but can have a higher pressure rating. I'm interested in seeing where you are going to take this. I always learn so much from your commitment to testing!
Giving a bump for the expert advice!
Awesome video and really nice thumbnail!
I was just like, "holy shit, yes, that could totally work." and it did. I love to see how you are breaking down the problem and requirements to create a hypothesis. Thanks and keep doing good stuff.
honestly speaking your troubleshooting skills are the best I've seen and it is quite motivating to see the way you go about figuring out the problem
Wow, what a flashback. Seen that video in childhood decades ago on tv. It had quite an impression on me, but I actually sought it was the light pressure that pushes that thing back than.
We used a trash bin with a hole mounted on a bass speaker which was powered by a step function generator. This setup could shoot across a room. It also showed very nice results when shooting with two of these synchronized towards each other.
That's cool! Also, with a speaker/actuator impulse device, the system parameters could be sufficiently controllable and repeatable to inform a (computer) model. If it can be modelled, it can also be iterated towards the best performance......
And that is how the dubstep cannon was formed!!!
@@pompeymonkey3271 plus play sick beats, two words dubstep cannon?
@@connorjohnson4402 I'm now googling "dubstep canon". Yay!
You are the first person to fully explain and actually show what curiosity stream is after hearing about it dozens of times. I’m planning on signing up. Great video!
great video, i also recall seeing that chrome disk a long ass time ago. i had a mental picture of it in mind before you showed it to me again after all these years. amazing what information the brain refuses to give up. thanks for posting!
Making the air less turbulent before it enters the vortex creator might help with accuracy. A 3d printed part that resembles the inside of a catalytic converter might work.
We did this for a small wind tunnel we built at college by passing the air through a bunch of drinking straws packed into a pipe.
Laminar flow!
This video thumbnail was like Legends will understand dirty minded people
( . ) ( . ) Vortex is fun...
Ah.. i see you're a man of culture as well
Tom, you are absolutely brilliant ... I love to see the iterations of your findings, the theory and the gained real-world essence
Love your videos Tom. You make science interesting. Thanks for taking the time!
I hope you keep moving forward with this concept. Really enjoy your videos 👍
your dedication to the most impractical approach in Fluid Dynamics is respectable sir.
Hi Tom, yes I remember the silver saucer propulsion system quite vividly. I still have a VHS recording of that Hyper Science episode, I watched many times with my aero enthusiast cousin Marcus (Circa 2000). In fact that doco was produced by Beyond, the Aussie production house that started Myth Busters - fun fact.... The laser beam energy was concentrated to the ring and created a pulse of plasma energy that propelled the vehicle forwards. So cool right. Duby
my favourite part in this video was the slo-mo captured when the vortex hit perfectly in the middle of the second design it looked satisfing
This is absolutely brilliant idea!!! I hope you will continue to explore it.
I remember watching that same documentary! Fascinating idea, but obviously fraught with challenges that were never fully overcome. Well done on the intuitive leap between coherent light and coherent moving air structures for the transmission of power. Nice bit of lateral thinking! Your hypothesis and development of a better cannon nozzle is worthy of a like all by itself, and I am sure some University student is going to be hard at work pinning down the variables to maximise performance!
The slo-mo shots were so cool! You always do such awesome projects
I do agree. Those extra rings following the first one was the most mesmerizing thing I ever saw.
This man has improved vortex ring nozzles. This is why I like this channel. It feels like inventing
Really cool to see this. There's so little reliable info available for vortex-ring nozzle design. I would love to see more.
6:50 you know maybe you’re getting pressure waves reflected on the chamber walls, as in two stroke exhaust chambers. There might be some formula to calculate the resonance frequency for a given geometry. With your high speed footage you could check if the vortex rings are forming at that frequency :)
I’ve done some very light work on this in school where we tuned our intake plenum/runners in order to have the best volumetric efficiency at a certain rpm. Same idea as a two stroke exhaust. It’s actually not super complex and mainly depends on runner length
your step by step approach to engineering problems like this has helped to to continue experimenting with ideas even tough i have failed like 6 times in a row.
You need to make sure the volume of the exit air "slug" needs to have a diameter to length ratio of 1:4 to create a well formed ring.. (Reynolds number critical)..
So cool that this is covered ground
Cool! Where can I learn more about this?
@@revimfadli4666 just look up ring vortex cannon gun.. hill vortexes.. hail cannons..
@@platypusrex2287 I mean optimal parameters like air volume, d/l ratio, etc
@@revimfadli4666 there are many papers on the parameters.. use the previous as search terms for papers not videos..
You should use a “quick exhaust valve“ and dump it using the small valve you have. This is how they shoot air into the center of a filter of a vacuum system to clear the filter… I also watched this same show:)
I found your video on the smoke propulsion very interesting. I also made sure to come back and use your link for CuriosityStream :) Great content
Waking up on a Saturday morning, seeing that there is a new Tom Stanton video, knowing it's going to be good. What a brilliant nozzle design! Awesome slow-mo footage as well! I remember when I first saw that laser propelled spinning top that I got really wound up about the fact that these people were really selling this idea as a viable future way of space travel - suggesting to put people into a device that spins at insane revs, being hit by thousands of pulses from a terawatt laser system, then not thinking about that the thing doesn't work without an atmosphere... It was an interesting experiment for sure, just like Tom's one, but no more than that.
I love your unconventional methods of propulsion, it's really interesting
2:41 I've heard about this. I've also heard that it's rubbish and doesn't actually affect the storm, which makes sense because no matter how powerful that box is, lightning and thunder will most certainly be stronger and they don't seem to stop the storm.
I mean the Volkswagen plants in Mexico used them for a time.
@@otm646 Yes, the Volkswagen case is quite well known -- they got into a conflict with farmers around the area who thought the hail canons had produced a drought. Hail cannons are made, sold, and used across the world (often around viniculture), despite having been tested thoroughly by scientists and having repeatedly been shown to have absolutely no effect on hail. If you know anything about physics/meteorology it becomes quickly clear that they could not work. There are always charlatans able to make money out of people's gullibility and desire to control the natural world around them.
If you are trying to protect crops from hail, wouldn't you need something ultrasonic that affects the hail particles at a high enough altitude that the change in terminal velocity of the broken up pieces has time to reduce their impact velocity? Or some highly distributed radar guided pulse laser setup. Either of which sounds more expensive than a retractable roof. Which also seems overwhelmingly expensive compared to the reward.
I love these videos that just explore a concept. Not sure if you have any practical use planned for this or if it's just science for the sake of science, but it's fascinating.
Brilliant work! Keep it up as it's something you are very, very good at.
I think you need to find the right oscillation frequency to resonate the internal drafting rings into the main one. Just like how two stroke exhausts are perfectly tuned to resonate the pressure waves, you just need to find the right size and shape of your cone to use that to your advantage.
You can make your valves close faster by using a snubber instead of your free wheeling diode. A snubber is basically a capacitor-diode-resistor combination that "catches" the electrons and dissipates them in the resistor instead of letting them flow freely through the solenoid. Basically converting the magnetic energy into potential energy in the capacitor, instead of letting it die down naturally. Edit: The smaller the capacitance, the faster. But this will also increase the voltage spike. So make sure your components can handle that and maybe use an optocoupler to protect your Arduino.
You hit it out of the ballpark with this video Tom! Nice video footage and content.👍
I LOVED the program about the laser flight. I saw it on cable when visiting family years ago, and could not find it at the library or the little online timei has available then. I need to find it again. Love these projects on this channel.
If you are using pulsing, I believe you need the pulsing frequency of your air to match the natural resonance frequency of your exit cone. if you use a pressure sensor to measure the pressure at the exit of the cone with the exit blocked off, then graph the pressure vs air pulsing frequency to find the lowest frequency where that pressure is lowest(local min), then maybe use half that frequency to get max pressure at exit . At 6:30, looks like you see a resonance mode. Very cool slow mo footage!
Awesome, I've seen the laser projectile video as well when I was a kid and I have been searching for the footage for years. What were the sources for you, how did you find it back? Where can I find more about this laser-propelled, or should I say propulsed craft? It was so good to see it again.
I was just thinking about this yesterday, and here's your video!
DUDE that design was awesome for the vortex valve, def. gonna go design one of my own now!
These hailstorm canons dont work in breaking un hailstorms as far as i know. I think there are some science youtubers that have made some videos on it.
Dont know about science youtubers but i know it was in an episode of citation needed.
@@by0669 that was probably it.
I would love to see further experiments You could try more like a cone shape like just the first part of half-torus model used on the first try. Also testing frequencies on the vortex generator
Really beautiful photography Tom. Nice you got it working so well. 🙂
Thank you!!! I remembered this video from when I was a kid and have been wondering about it forever!
Very interesting project! For someone who owns a smoke machine I'm surprised you haven't considered using a subwoofer with high enough Xmax as the vortex generator. I think it would allow for better control and tuning of the output, by modulating the frequency and amplitude. I would suggest something at least 12" like a Dayton, which are not overly expensive. Would you consider it?
Maybe one could combining the speaker as a power source with a pulse-jet style valve to quickly get air in front of it again. Maybe have the speaker in the center with a circular duct around it with one-way valves suppling air to the "work"-side of the cone. To help resupply air, it may be necessary to "boost" pressure using some radial fans (radial is better for pressure).
Wouldn’t the “pull back” from the membrane reduce the power of any blast of air it created?
agreed dude. 1000% correct man
@@Stillbourne42 You'd probably need a controlled air inlet into the chamber to prevent that
@@MazeFrame Yea this sounds interesting and on the loudspeaker topic i was wondering about how horn design principals might help in designing the cone, i know different outcome but it reminded me of that maybe even something like a venturi, it gets difficult adding fans and suck because turbulence is the enemy here so the smoother you can pull air in the better idk if its complicating it when its adding the driving force and the valve by the same mechanism but its interesting they do make rings themselves tho it comes down to what better outputs consistent driving force
Always very good, thank you. FWVLIW: You can propel 'craft' with ground lasers in broadly one of two ways: 1) With the photons themselves. At it's most basic you fire a laser at a sail. The photons hit the sail, and in the process transfer a little momentum to the 'craft'. There's more going on, and there are ways to improve efficiency over just using a reflective material. 2) As per the illustration. The 'craft' has a reflector designed to focus the laser light just behind it. The focussed laser light drastically heats the air just behind and the expansion of the gas (now likely plasma) provides the thrust. The devil is of course in the detail. Pros and cons: 1) Great for use in space as you can propel your 'craft' at relativistic speeds over huge distances, and you don't need to carry fuel. But as you don't get a lot of momentum transfer from photons you're going to be accelerating slowly and you want a really, a-hem, light 'craft'. 2) You get more thrust for the energy you put in which is good for acceleration and load carrying, but you need a propellent. Within the atmosphere that's no issue, but in space you'll have to carry that along with trying to manage coordinating it's use with a laser firing at you. I hope that was of interest to someone.
I remember that documentary! Thank you for the nostalgia Loved this video, super fun.
Of all the times I’ve seen curiosity stream advertised, this video right here is the one that finally got me to get it. Well done 👍
Absolutely love your videos keep doing the great work
Maybe if the sail is spinning, the gyroscopic effect can stabilise it a little?
yup. without a doubt perfect
I think with such a lightweight paper design, it would be difficult to get it spinning (especially without support), and the small amount of angular momentum would quickly be dissipated by friction/air resistance if you don't increase the mass, which would be counterproductive. But I'd love to be wrong/see the potential problems fixed. Interesting idea
Bruh. Entire PHD's could be written about all the things you just created. This is amazing.
Great video. On the next round, consider adding an adjustable time delay circuit to the valve switches to be able to tune the switches so the valves fire at the same time. This could eliminate the multiple rings and strengthen the vortex.
I love how he 3D-prints plastic templates just to draw lines on a piece of paper, as if there was no device that can print directly on paper
I can’t speak for Tom but the only printer I own is of the 3D variety
Exactly. He should 3d print a cnc machine that can hold a sharpie and draw on paper instead.
Excellent stuff Tom, I'm trying to convince my mate that "assassin drones" may potentially be rendered useless by using this type of "fart cannon". The same way GA and other aircraft need to watch for wingtip vortex. I loved the rapid fire, made me think of an AA gun even more. You should see if you can knock a small quadcopter out of balance with it! That turbulence may not make flight or consistent thrust, but it may have other uses at that frequency. You could build the first "Nitrogen Dome" and be immune to death by drone.
yup. _100%_ accurate
I am not sure who you have upset but most of us probably don't have to worry about death by assassin drone.
The air cannon industry are really not happy at my use of the term "fart cannon". That's why I can't get supplies to build my own protection and am having to proxy through Tom.
@@mgtproductions9524 You do realize that people with ill intent sometimes kill indiscriminately, right?
@@Doubleelforbes Yea its a true shame indeed , although the real question would be the range on it and the power and if its kind of backwards in the sense that instead of yeeting air at the target that instead using air to yeet something more substantial may be more beneficial. Im not really and expert in the field of advanced yeeting so i don't know,
I’m honestly not into science like this but every video Tom makes I watch thoroughly because he keeps me engaged and informed
The fast-cycling air valve could be very useful for blowing certain things with a shop compressor. Certain debris that catches in grooves or holes respond better to a quick burst than a steady stream of air. I find myself tapping the trigger or flicking the nozzle of my blow gun around, and that may do it better without all the commotion. Saves on air usage, too!
You should definitely look at the response timing of the valve - I suspect they are not all acting as simultaneously as you like
Why is no one talking about the thumbnail.
They are, but the direct comments might be getting removed. So only comments that indirectly refer to it are staying.
Great video, as always! Thanks for showing my vortex canons in your video! 👍👍👍
As a kid, growing up in the UK I remember in the mid 70's a clip on a TV BBC 1 news show called "Nationwide" which showed a person demonstrating a "flying disc" which seemed to be an aluminium toroid, and the inventor was describing it as using an eletrostatic vortex of air through the center. Memories are coloured by time however and I was 14 then but from what I recall, he was using a very early "bilp blip" one channel MacGregor pulse moduladed radio control to turn the power on. He placed the disk in a nearby field, pulesd his transmitter and the disc went up and away at amazing speed. the news clip was about 5 min long and was never repeated because had no watto bring it back. It always intrigued me and I have searched for that clip on the internet time and again but never found it in any BBC archive. I have looked into the J L Naudin and the Townsen-Brown electrostatic lifter experiments but the lifter has to be extremely lightweight to take advantage of the ionization. The Clip I remember showed a bulky rivited toroid lokking like about 2-3 Kg in weight. Wish I could find it today. Sorrry for babbling on and thanks so much for your constantly innovative and scientific analysis of of alternate propulsion systems. People like yourself are those who will lead us forwards out of the complacent aeronautical "norm" and compel us to revist the ideas of the likes of Viktor Schauberger.
Very good and interesting video. Just the hailcannons mentioned at the start are actually a hoax. But they´re still fun ;)
Dandelions "fly" by creating and hanging on to a vortex ring. Their filaments being spread out radially from a point means that there's more drag in the center, which causes a vortex ring on top of the dandelion. Im not exactly sure how this helps the dandelion fly but I think it may be that the lowest pressure area is sitting on top of dandelion, pulling it upward. Maybe these dandelions are onto something.
thought this sounded interesting and it was thanks for mentioning it !!
Your thought process is amazing!
Not sure if anyone else commented, but there were two things that made the laser propulsion work. One was the laser acting as the source of energy to propel the object. The other was the high pressure air gun used to make the object spin which gives it gyroscopic stability. Without the gyroscopic stability the object would not maintain its position over the laser beam. If you could 3D print an object thin and light enough you would only need a launch needle like they did with the laser object. Then you wouldn’t have the friction from the straw or strings holding your paper sail. I think the paper sail isn’t rigid enough and you’re losing energy from its flex and also it’s resistance as it travels. The laser object was a little more aerodynamic than your paper sail. Well done on the vortex canon and as usual an entertaining and interesting video.
yoo that thumbnail kinda sus😳
ayyy
How did you comment 49 minutes ago
This guy is a doctor who
@@RobertSmith-eq6rl he's not even a sponsor... i think...
@@RobertSmith-eq6rl pateron
Never really thought about the affects of trying to fire multiple rapid vortex rings. Really enjoy your videos and experiments.
OMG I have been looking for this laser test EVERYWHERE!!! SO happy to see you saw it too!!
2:23 test now, gay test what the actual fuck google?
Hail cannons are complete nonsense.
I remember seeing that same documentary! Very cool to see you pursuing this!
You knew *exactly* what you were doing with that thumb-nail, kid. Well done.
Explaining it with the MotoGP bikes worked wonders for me Tom!!! Thanks so much
this device you just saw is a atmospheric espansion based flying device. it works on the principle that most atmospheric gasses expand when they get hot. something like that is actually rather easy to replicate using a old camera flasher and some kind of gong. you can flash it at it and it will generate heat on the surface acting like a small explosion making it start to move and make sound. that flying design is basically the same but it uses a light thing, a much more powerful light which is focussed at generating more heat(IR). the device also has a special geometry to make sure the air gets pushed out and in with different direction balances meaning once the light pulses and the air heats up most air movement force is aimed downward, and once the new cold air flows it it takes more from the surrounding to minimize the downward force. luckily while a good geometry helps due to inertia of mass the particles send out will want to follow their direction once the air heats up and they have their movement. but the barely moving particles in the air will just be pulled in based on how close they are to the center making it pull from all sides and so not affect the thrust tom much. the top is also optimized against wind resistance since on impact it needs to accelerate fast for a short duration and for stability ofcource. btw. heating air a lot generates plasma, it might also be optimized specifically to focus on generating static charge for plasma instead of heat. but generating the heat and making that generate the plasma is much simpeler
I love this video the final bit is what made it extra
I saw the same documentary and thought it was amazing that you could use a laser to propel a "craft". The shape of the craft focuses the laser energy to a point where plasma is created and that heat is what causes the air around it to expand and push on the bottom of the craft. That is my understanding of how it works at least :)
2:12 "The first is to use what I call a rubbish bin, because it would make a rubbish bin with such a large hole." I don't see anyone else talking about this top-tier joke, but it seriously deserves appreciation lol. As does the rest of the video, really great stuff.
Tom! I remember that EXACT documentary! I've thought about that scene for the last 20 years, at-random.
Time for a clear print! Love the inventiveness!
Long time fan of your work. The show footage of the Laser reminded me of the Orion Blast ship test footage. I think if you figured out how to supercharge your vortexes. Originally they wanted to use small nukes to power it. The bigger the ship the smoother the ride. Keep up the great work.
I love the last expression - when regular air blast 💥 moved sailer greater distance than vortex😄, waiting for part 2
That thumbnail got me in the first half... Ngl 2 circles with air vortex in the center of both.... Oh god.... I should call her....
That was a stroke of genius coming up with that nozzle design!