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Venus resembles our Earth in so many ways, yet in many others it's frightningly different. Was Venus always this way? Could it have once been habitable? And if so, what went wrong? Why did Venus transform to the hellscape we see today? Let's explore the world next door...
Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping. Edited by Jorge Casas. Special thanks to Prof Stephen Kane for fact checking our script.
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THANK-YOU to D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, S. Roulier, B. Smith, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, G. Genova, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, B. Walford, J. Boyd, N. De Haan, J. Gillmer, R. Williams, E. Garland, A. Leishman, A. Phan Le, R. Lovely, M. Spoto, A. Steele, M. Varenka, K. Yarbrough, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, B. Pearson, S. Thayer, T. Edris, A. Harrison, B. Seeley, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, P. Muzyka, E. Loomans, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, J. Smallbon, B. Reese, J. Yoder, O. Shabtay & X. Yao.
REFERENCES
► Weller, M. et al. 2023, "Venus’s atmospheric nitrogen explained by ancient plate tectonics", Nature Astronomy: www.nature.com/articles/s4155...
► Truong, N. & Lunine, J. 2021, "Volcanically extruded phosphides as an abiotic source of Venusian phosphine", PNAS, 118, e2021689118: doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021689118
► Greaves, J. et al. 2021, "Phosphine gas in the cloud decks of Venus", Nature Astronomy, 5, 655: arxiv.org/abs/2009.06593
► Way, M. et al. 2016, "Was Venus the First Habitable World of our Solar System?", Geophysical Research Letters, 43, 8376: arxiv.org/abs/1608.00706
MUSIC
Licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (creativecommons.org/licenses/...) or with permission from the artist.
0:00 Hill - The Great Alchemist
3:58 Hill - Unhurried
5:31 Hill - World of Wonder
7:27 Chris Zabriskie - Music from Neptune Flux 04
8:40 Hill - A Slowly Lifting Fog
11:07 Falls - Life in Binary
15:38 Hill - Chasing out the Chaos
19:29 Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Seven
23:28 Joachim Heinrich - Y
CHAPTERS
0:00 Not With 10,000 Men...
2:20 The Mysterious World
3:45 Communist Venus
5:34 Incogni
6:59 Venusian Volcanism
8:31 Resurfacing
10:15 92 Bars
12:24 The Outgassing Conundrum
13:41 Lost Oceans
15:30 Was Venus Habitable?
18:09 Venusian Life
21:54 Future Exploration
23:08 Endgame
24:45 Outro & Credits
#Venus #CoolWorlds
If Venus and Mars tried harder at school we could have had 3 Earthlike planets. Imagine how much of an incentive space exploration would have if Venus or Mars had a rich biosphere with millions of alien plant and animal species to study, maybe even intelligent life? I once had a dream Venus was full of Koffing pokemon.
We could terraform them though so that it becomes true.
Hopefully but that's probably long in the future. The gravity shouldn't be a problem since it's almost the same as Earth's.@@DiscipleOfHeavyMeta1
If Venus and Mars was habbitable, we'd have trashed them already. That, or the ultra rich would have set up anew, leaving us behind on a polluted earth. Sad but, true.
It's all fake
4 if Theia wasnt suicidal
I admit it, it was me. I'm sorry.
The embassy of earth want from the Jupiter government some clarification about the hostile act toward earth which is using Jupiter gravitational field to throw meteors at earth
Who farted?
Erm what the sigma
It’s interesting to hear the depiction of Venus being a tormented planet instead of an evil twin to earth, a place that simply couldn’t control its own fate rather than actively trying to be hostile
Unless you believe in Gaia Earth theory and the Medean hypothesis, in which case it did.
@therealspeedwagon1451 Bro the what?? 💀 I’ve never heard of that before, pls explain lol
@@Jason-zg4sd so basically people who believe in Gaia Earth theory literally think the Earth and it’s vast rich ecosystems are alive. They believe the planet itself is a giant living organism and a goddess of sorts that is aware of our presence. Medea theory takes that a step further and says that the Earth is actively trying to kill itself and purge life from its surface, be it through mass extinctions or some other way
Sort of makes me look at my girlfriend in a different way too
We are the cause of Venus's problem. We were forced to leave after we destroyed the environment and here we are at again. Won't be any planet hopping this time around.
127 minutes for Venera 13? That's a lot higher than I would have guessed. I'm surprised and impressed.
We can improve on it and develop probes that will last longer
Especially considering how the USSR was, and even after its fall still is, constantly portrayed as a backwards primitive country.
@@matusmotlo3854the USSR was a super power dude......its GDP per capita is still higher then central Asia and Ukraine to this day
@@user-rl8hf8kt1r ...what's your point? Reread my comment.
@@user-rl8hf8kt1r true it's such a powerhouse that every affiliated ex-USSR countries are still paying the price..
Those yellow photos of Venus have stayed in my head ever since, so mysterious and haunting to think that we actually landed a craft there.
You can HEAR the planet to. Look it up. There's audio
Seeing any photo of Venus blows my mind. Imagine going back!
Me too. Seeing them in textbooks in the 90’s I’ve always been fascinated. Venus is still my favorite planet.
One would think Venus would be a Shocking Blue.
@@stevencoardvenicethat sounds scary
I never even thought about this but… imagine a solar system like ours but with life on TWO planets simultaneously evolving separately from eachother. Imagine looking at mars satalites for the first time and see animals and trees. Wow
Yes if Mars had life our space program would be far more advanced. After all we'd need to land at least a few hundred thousand troops to make the planet safe for democracy....More if they resist 🤠
@@THX..1138I don't think 2 sapient species would evolve in the same star system
Nice, self loathing for humans and virtue signaling all in one comment. That’s so edgy and cool.
I'm afraid the more advanced civilisation would enslaved a less evolved one. Same if Neanderthals would still exist. I'm afraid to ask what Homo sapiens would do to them. We didn't deserve to be introduced to another planet with life on it.
There could be life on the surface of Titan...
This paints a nightmarish picture of a world whose plate tectonics ground to a halt prematurely. Maybe life continued as normal for a while, but then half a billion or so years later the magma pressure built up to such an intensity under the entire fused surface that it burst through the lid in a single catastrophic release. It's like that firework display where everything went off at once instead of in sequence. All the volcanic activity that would have happened slowly on Earth over billions of years all happened at the same time, leaving a charred, dead, blown-out world with nary a shred of evidence that it had ever been otherwise.
Tectonic activity is part of the water cycle, so Venus likely lost enough water to halt plate tectonics. And by that point, any life that might have been there would have disappeared long before such a cataclysm occurred.
Part of the difference between earth and venus is because of the loss of oceans. I belive we know the water was gone before the resurfacing. Otherwise we would find rocks that form in the presence of water amongst the ones that scatter the lowlands (the highlands predate that resurfacing) Also, I don't belive we have any evidence that it... ever had tectonic plates?
That's an interesting theory. The question is this: why did the plate tectonics stop?
@@nathanseper8738 Could the tidal forces from the Sun have slowly effected them in such a way that Tectonics as a whole slowed down to a stop over a long period of time?
@@theemperorofmankind3739 That's a frightening thing. Imagine being a life form witnessing this process and being powerless to stop it.
When you said "we're incredibly lucky to have a planet like Venus so close by," and gestured off-screen, I half expected you to be like "And here she is, right here in the studio!" Anyway, love your videos, love your energy. Keep it up dude 👍
In our hearts, she is ❤
Venus walks out from behind the curtain a the crowd erupts. A chant of _"JERRY! JERRY! JERRY!"_ begins. 😂
I had the pleasure of visiting Parkes observatory in New South Wales, Australia. There was an astronomy enthusiast event at the time of our visit. It was a sunny, clear day and one of the enthusiasts pointed out Venus, shining bright in broad daylight. I ended up observing it through a telescope and was stricken by the sight of this amazing planet.
id love that!
That’s so cool 😎
That's how I felt when I saw Saturn in a higher power telescope in a night sky with almost no light pollution. The rings of Saturn were SO vibrant and clear! Seeing that with my own eyes was a life changing moment for me. What an experience.
@@ShogunateDaimyo were you able to see Titan too?
@@KennyG_420 yes I believe it was like a small shadow of a speck moving across the shape of 🪐. Hard to see but I think I recall the astronomer telling us to look for it.
Venus could have an entire fossil record of life that evolved independently from Earth that could’ve been destroyed during Venus’s runaway greenhouse effect. If that’s the case that’s such a tragedy for science, imagine what could’ve walked the surface of Venus.
We expect the same fate in 700 million years
If we ever did manage to terraform it's conceivable we could find fossils or structures if they're very deep underground. Chances are phenomenally low but still it would be cool.
Life on earth never went beyond single cells for 3 billion years. I strongly doubt anything ever “walked” on Venus.
@@CoffeeFiend1We wouldn't find anything, Most of Venuses surface is resurfaced
Walked? If there was life on Venus it would’ve been only microbial. Venus went into a runaway greenhouse state way before it could have an oxygenation event like Earth
I can just feel your passion when you speak about different topics. It’s great to see we still have people out there pushing the boundaries of humanity.
I've often pondered what it would be like if Venus, Earth and Mars had all developed life and were each still thriving. Unfortunately, if there were lifeforms that developed anything like we did and were equally as intelligent and advanced as we are, we'd surely be at war with at least one of the two planets because that's just what we do. And yes, I'm fully aware of how unrealistic that is but, technically, it's not entirely impossible. Of course, when I get to thinking about that kind of stuff, I like to wonder what it would be like if Venus, for example, was still in the condition to support life and had also developed dinosaurs (but not humans) somehow and hadn't experienced an extinction level event, therefore leaving these hypothetical "dinosaurs" to continue to exist there to this day. Yeah, yeah, that's pretty unrealistic as well for so many reasons, but again, not entirely impossible. I honestly find these types of things pretty interesting to think about, personally, and even somewhat fun to imagine literally countless scenarios, realistic or not. Somewhere out there, though, there may very well be a solar system with multiple planets that each developed life in very different ways and the thought of actually seeing that is exciting, even though I'm fully aware that it's not something that I will actually ever get to experience.
We'd lose if it's a 3 way war based on our position in the solar system.
Don’t worry so much a lot is possible so you don’t have to act like you’re foolish for your theories. Dream on my friend
we can't even bloody get on with other races ON EARTH....
I agree with your fun ideas. We just don’t know!😊
One interesting thing to note is that in this scenario one of the planets must have developed advanced life first. Most likely millions of years before the others. That means a few things. First of all that civilization must be sustainable and, second off any conflicts they do have internally do not result in their destruction. We also know one other thing, they are ok with another intelligent species existing. Otherwise life on the other planets wouldn't have time to develop a technological civilization before they destroyed it (ie: even half a century ago our civilization would have struggled to survive if martians decided they wanted to rain thousands of nukes on our largest cities, they could have even more easily eradicated our hominid ancestors if they wanted. So, given that it seems extremely likely that the far older civilization would have time to study and establish communication with the others before they were even remotely a threat to it. Like, the main issue with not being able to decode a alien message kinda evaporates if they're within your backyard and you can slowly build trust through gifts and gather tons of data and video or the local language being used. Once you figure out the proper greetings, know what gifts they like, and learn something like "can you sign/tell me a story" or "can I check out a book" everything becomes way easier. Let's be honest, the fact that the other civilizations had time to arise is proof enough that they'll avoid some catastrophic war which would wipe out the younger species.
It would be interesting if there were a time in the past when Venus, Earth, and Mars all had water oceans at the same time.
They did 3.8 billion years, it would have been a sight to behold.
Perhaps one day it will be again. If we can grow up.
@@novavortex7763 or become -1000000000000 years old
@@novavortex7763I feel like we’re not as far along as we should be by now. Perhaps you’re right.
Having oceans of water doesn't mean that a body is habitable.
Among the valuable lessons from Venera probes is that #13 is not bad luck, since Venera 13 lasted longest. Just putting that out there…
Quoting Boromir to explain the severity of Venus. It’s because of things like this you are amongst my favourite KZheadrs. And my absolute favourite person on the platform. Skill, knowledge, in-depth research. passion, emotion and a true love for what you do. You’re a diamond amongst the rough ❤
"Have you heard nothing of what Lord Elrond said? Venus must be visited!"
This sent chills down my spine I'm not even joking No matter how hard I try to familiarize myself with space, it still terrifies me sometimes...
And the one thing that legitimately keeps me surprised is that we still haven't found any concrete proof of alien life, we looked SO FAR and yet there's nothing! I can't wrap my head around it... Why and how are we the only sentient life within a theoretically infinite radius, that stuff gives me existential crisis oh god
@@HameleoshaDeHoga There's a dark and sad theory out there: The theory is the reason why we haven't found intelligent life beyond earth is because they likely already killed themselves off doing the same things we humans do, and that humanity is on the exact same path.
@@chuckycheeser Consider it God telling you something, and refrain from commenting any further. :)
@@chuckycheeser That's all you have to say?
@@chuckycheeser I'm incapable of understanding your point because all I see you doing is running your mouth instead of stating valid arguments. You really shouldn't act like you're the smartest person in the room dude. Either debate or go live your life. Better to be assumed an idiot than to prove everyone right.
Iv always wondered if Venus had a moon how much different depending on the size and location how much it would be different.
i think there is more to Earth having a moon than most people consider. up to 2/3 of the mass of Thea is believed to have been absorbed by Earth on impact - that means that Earth will have an abnormally large core, providing more heat energy and driving plate tectonics for much longer than the other terrestrial planets. the Moon's gravity also provides gravitic flexing of the Earth's crust that keeps the plates from fusing.
That’s a theory being discussed since is mentioned true moon could influence earth’s plate tectonics due to gravity. Without something pulling and pushing maybe that’s what caused the Venusian plates to stop moving.
Earth Gravity 9.807 m/s² Venus Gravity 8.87 m/s² Moons Gravity 1.62 m/s² Theoretical Venus Moon Gravity 1.3203 m / s² Moons Distance 384,400 km Theoretical Venus Moons Distance 313,286 km Earth Mass 1.00 Earths Venus Mass 0.815 Earths Rotation Spin can be a factor of many things so lets say earth stays 24hours and Venus is about 23.9 / 24.9 hours long Now plate tectonics is a major factor on earth and it might be another MAJOR reason life was able to get a foot hold by stopping constant eruptions and slowly moving the volcanos away from the hot spots and having calm period's. And Venus has a slight tilt like us 23.9 Degree say Venus is 23.7 or 24.1 Lets not forget that the planet that help create our moon might of given us our magnetic shield :) I play around in sandbox games of the universe and Venus was 71% chance of life compared to earths 99% if it was like this in our universe. Plus the planets rotation direction since if the planet rotates wrong way it effects planet differently like Venus due to the way it goes around the sun it slowed down to spin slower then its year. If all this besides the spin direction was present I think we would send rovers to Venus and Hell it may still have water of some sort. @@Drahko12
@@Drahko12 Damn so for a planet to have life as we know it, it has to have a moon, be in a goldilocks zone, have the right kind of star, have nothing go wrong with that for billions of years, etc. I think this might be why we don't see life out there. At least we've got no competition. We also got shit luck with where we are in the galaxy for seeing a lot of stuff, l but that also might have been a blessing.
But hey, that's just a theory...@@ethyl-bromide
Sean Bean's rendition of Boromir's horrifying description of Mordor, addressed to the Fellowship in Rivendell, is so appropriate, so gripping, so authentic. What a great actor -- the finest Sheffield steel!
Venus is so amazing. I know we've been very centered on Mars, but there's so much we can learn from Venus. Every planet we investigate will give us that much more of an edge at deciphering exoplanets.
The more we study planets like Venus and exoplanets the more it becomes evident how unique the Earth truly is. The Earth too has gone through periods of extreme volcanic activity and yet natural processes on Earth has rebalanced itself to create a happy medium where life continues to flourish. Mars and Venus are also constant reminders of the Earth's fragility and the precariousness of our own existence. As always a beautiful and thought provoking video!
also whatever caused Venus' retrograde rotation didnt help either, something smacked our twin incredibly hard
Earth is not unique, there's billions of galaxies in the universe and there's hundreds of billions of sun like stars alone in the universe, so there's 4 hundreds of billions of Earth like planets in the universe. It's quite likely some of them harbor life and may arbor life like Earth's. There's no balance Earth tends to.
Also, life may exist in the underground oceans of the outer icy bodies of the solar system.
I don't know what it is about Prof. Kipping. It has to be that hypnotizing voice. 😂 Always amazing, thoughtful content explained to perfection. 🎉
The high quality and the way which he explains it makes it so enjoyable.
In my case "hypnotizing" was true. I was listening to one of his videos while I was typing a long email.. my mind wandered and when I snapped out of it, I realised that I had just inadvertently typed the sentence he just spoke! John Michael Godier is another space youtuber I find relaxing to listen to.
@@jpaulc441 A recommendation for History of the Universe, too!
I know right. If he was my professor, I'd have a hard time staying awake in class
Thats a plus. Im here for space stuff first though.
I've just watched The Fellowship of the Ring on cinemas less an hour ago and I definitely didn't expect to see a part from that movie again
I’ve always been intrigued by Venus. There are so many questions and terrible conditions that try to stop us from finding answers. Thank you for this awesome video.
you are so darn good. I've watched a number of other programs about Venus but yours is always so much more in-depth and easy to understand
All your videos are very well put together and always leave me with food for thought. Thanks for the content
Gotta bust on the ad content tho: some of us remember when, once a year a book mysteriously appeared on our doorsteps with the NAME, ADDRESS and, gasp PHONE NUMBER of EVERY HOUSEHOLD IN TOWN! It was the humble telephone directory. Today people would LOSE THEIR SH!T at such temerity. 😂😂😂
I think you a word.
“ Food for thought”.. Sadly, It’s All Junk food. Worse as it’s not even Real Food..
@@0Logan05 Is anything real? What we call earth is likely a moon
@@RAK37 wtf are you talking about lol earth is not a moon
Another beautiful, haunting video. Venus is a fascinating world - such a beautiful name and appearance, for what turned out to be such a hellish landscape. I wonder what caused it to rotate backwards?
It probably got hit by a very fast asteroid from outside the solar system that stopped and inverted its rotation, enflamed its atmosphere and cracked its surface letting all lava out.
it's 2023. venus can rotate anyway they want
Pure brimstone Evil made it turn unnaturally.
@@tangerinetomorrowsSince she’s spinning about 1.6 times faster than us around Sol, it’s more like the year 3281 on Venus
Daylight Savings Time.
Another great video, as always! Just want to point out that there’s a private mission to Venus coming up in early 2025, called the Venus Life Finder. Looks like it’s a partnership between Rocket Lab and MIT’s Morning Star series of missions. They’ll dangle something called an autofluorescence nephelometer to detect organic compounds in the clouds.
Sounds great, let’s scrap the NASA missions and pour billions of tax dollars into this eventual bankruptcy of a scam. Private ventures ruined space.
common mit w
Venus reminds me that life is short. We must work hard and cherish every moment, as everything eventually comes to an end. I loved the video! I understand that your schedule is quite busy, but I kindly request that you consider sharing at least one more video before 2024. Even a shorter video would be greatly appreciated. Thank you for sharing such an insightful video.
Venus is billions of years old.
Will do!
life is short compared to what we can conceive of, but not that short. I bet if we had lifespans of 200 years, even keeping our youth, many of us would suicide out of extreme boredom and, as Anne Rice calls it, "Ennui". Life is short, but life also sucks. And I'm only in my 50s
@squirlmy I often think about Lestat's burying himself for years when he was exhausted. I was really horrified by the idea when I first read about it at around age 13 but every year (I'm 37) the idea makes more sense and begins to seem like a comfort. The thought of finally being able to exhale, to rest becomes the dream in the end
@@squirlmy Nah its like gravity the Earth sucks.
One does not simply walk onto Venus
You have such a great channel here. Great job and keep up the hard work!
Remember, next time you look up at the night sky and see Venus. It's the closest you'll ever be to another planet in your whole entire life.
Very true.
Unless you're an astronaut
@@TheDiamondBladeHD true
The Astronaut reading this comment: Hold my beer 🍺
Sometimes, Mercury or Mars will be closer. But yes.
I've only just discovered your gem of a channel and I'm already hooked. Amazing, educational and such well put together videos! Awesome stuff!
Outstanding video… answered quite a few questions that I’ve been too lazy to look up for years. I look at Venus everyday and contemplate… and doing so has enabled me to grasp how ancient people assumed these bodies to be deities. It’s a cool world. 😆
Man I always leave these videos wanting to study these subjects more. Thanks for the content Prof. Kipping and the rest of the CoolWorlds team :)
Don't gloat.
A fascinating investigation, beautifully made and narrated. Thank you very much for this upload!
👍
Your videos have ignited a passion for science and the mysteries of the universe within me. Thank you for being such an incredible source of inspiration.
I’ve said it before. This channel should be required viewing for every citizen of this world. It really is the best channel on KZhead that exists. That’s my opinion and I know I’m not alone in that.
Thanks so much
Imagine being forced to watch something you didn't ask for. Seems very totalitarian
@@drockjrbots will do that
@@drockjrI don't think he actually means it
You are so right! Our science denying crazies need mandatory science classes. Civics ,too.
Fascinating and engaging stuff, as usual. Thanks Dr. Kipping for putting together these thought provoking videos, please keep them coming, my favorite channel on You Tube, and I watch a lot of stuff!! ♥🌎
Is it possible that the key difference between Venus and Earth is that Earth happened to evolve not just photosynthetic life, but also life forms that create calcium carbonate (limestone), and Venus didn't? I'm not talking about the Gaia hypothesis per se, just the idea that Earth got lucky: the life which evolved on it happened to stabilize its temperature as the sun got brighter. Relatedly, it would be really cool if you could do a video on the silicate-carbonate cycle sometime. On Earth, there's about 10,000 times as much carbon locked up in limestone and other sedimentary rocks as there is in fossil fuels, and about 100,000 times as much in sedimentary rocks as in the atmosphere. My guess is that no planet around a sun-like star could remain habitable over the long term without a functioning silicate-carbonate cycle, but I'd love to hear your take on it!
It is interesting to consider the idea of living things in the clouds of Venus. Have you considered the possibility that it might reside underground instead? Maybe there are water reservoirs beneath the surface like on Earth, and life has been able to survive the hostile surface through avoiding it entirely. Just a thought.
Yes!!! After waiting what seems to be forever another great video!! Thank you :) Going to rewatch this one again and again like all the others!
I as always love and appreciate your content. Some of the best out there.
One of the views of the Electric Universe is that Venus is actually a fairly new planet having recently been ejected by Jupiter. That would explain the toxic atmosphere and so forth.
Interesting
Venus has always deeply fascinated me, and I'm glad it's finally getting the attention it deserves again. Your smooth voice delivering eloquent poetic prose about it is an extra bonus.
What a refreshing change from all the click-bait "science" content on youtube. Glad I found your channel.
this pic of Venus surface has haunted me since i was a kid.
Amazing job as always with this video! A cautionary tale of the state of our place in existence. Also so many mysteries to unravel, appreciate, and learn from.
I wonder if Venus would be easier to terraform than Mars. At least there are lot of raw materials in the atmosphere. I also wonder if it has any metals or fissile elements on or near the surface.
Wow what a great documentary. Thanks! Can’t wait for your next one!
Hello Dr. Kipping‼️ Justin Hays here, watching from Huntsville, AL. Better known as "The Rocket 🚀 City" and home of the U.S. Space and Rocket Center. Just wanted to say thank you for your work and for sharing your content here. I'm a huge fan and your channel is absolutely one of my favorites on KZhead. Keep up the great work. You Rock Man‼️ Stay Cool 😎
My family is in Huntsville, been there many times. Small world 🌎
That's awesome. We love our hometown!
My cousins ex-boyfriend had an uncle who went to school with a guy who had a dream that he drove through Huntsville once. Small world, isn't it? Small world 🌎.
@@scottlangley5596 lol that doesn't count. thanks for the chuckle tho I needed that. :)
You are both scientist and poet. A million thanks for your incredible videos ❤
Easily the best and most vivid description of the nature of the Venusian history, surface, and atmosphere available. So appreciate your passionate presentation of the material; captivating to the last moment. Thanks for such an accurate, well-designed, and executed video.
I'm very glad there's new missions planned. We need to answer the phosphine question for one, but there's so many things we can learn from our disruptive twin
This is a fantastic channel, keep it up
I read one a theory about the resurface event: Venus had oceans, but they started to evaporate. As water is a even more potent greenhouse gas, the planet heated even quicker. This basically lead to temperature so high that the crust melted. The water in the atmosphere than reacted with the lave ocean, thus splitting it in hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen reacted with the molten rock, and the hydrogen left into space.
"This basically lead to temperature so high that the crust melted" This is nonsense. There's not enough energy available for that to happen. The melting point of rocks on average is 1200 °C. A planet crust could melted to such an extent only when it receives energy: that can only happen either through intense tidal heating ( by being in a very elliptical orbit around a star with a massive planet nearby) or being orbiting so close that the radiation heats the rock to such an extent that they melt. And if that happened to Venus as you suggest, most of its atmosphere would have evaporated and lost to space. Venus would be severy depleted of volatiles, not just water. "The water in the atmosphere than reacted with the lave ocean, thus splitting it in hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen reacted with the molten rock, and the hydrogen left into space" Except you need temperatures up to 2000 °C to decompose water. Hot rock doesn't react with water, hot rock is not a metal and it can't form oxydes, especially because crustal rocks are mostly made of silicates and other oxydated material. In reality, the water was photodissociated and the free oxygen reacted with carbon.
This is one channel I eagerly await new videos from. I don't do that for very many channels at all. Also, your appearance on Lex Fridman's podcast blew up! It had like 5.9m views iirc last I checked, that's so awesome!
Oh I hadn’t checked, that’s cool. Maybe I’ll get invited back on some day!
Just made my Saturday evening 😊
I’ve always been so fascinated with Venus. Endless questions and curiosities. I do hope that we see more missions to our evil twin planet.
Sometimes your videos get so spooky!! This was phenomenal. Also, cool ultrawide!
Funny seeing as your soothing voice is helping me through a very difficult moment in my life. Happy to have found these videos!
Never has there been a time where the words of Tolkien were more beautifully and effectively used
You talk about Venus as the anomaly that went wrong, comparing it to Earth. Might be the other way around. The gigantic impact that created the Moon has sent to space a big part of our mantle, which had a short opportunity to outgas a lot before falling back on Earth. That is something quite obvious in the Moon sample brought back by Apollo. Without it, the Earth volcanism, atmosphere and ocean level could have been very unlike what we experience today.
"The gigantic impact that created the Moon has sent to space a big part of our mantle"False. The Moon formed from the both part of the mass of proto-Earth and Theia. "Without it, the Earth volcanism, atmosphere and ocean level could have been very unlike what we experience today" Earth already had an atmosphere and was volcanically active and likely already had oceans when the impact happened.
This video is brilliantly written, produced, and hosted! I just want to thank you for a video that has visited a sense of wonder upon a jaded old man like myself! I now want to see Venus in pictures, videos, and every type of analyses! Thank you again!
Imagine an alien making a version of this video analysing a future barren earth
Thank you professor. The video was amazing as always!!! Your content is the best!!!
Someone left the stove on...
What a wonderful and educative video. Many thanks! Just an off-the-cuff idea: it would be interesting to know the isotopic composition of the crust/rocks/solid matter. I wonder whether we would find that Venus was disproportionately composed of particular radioactive material, the decay or reactions of which could account for the unusual proportion of deuterium being found?
Oh WOW. What a brilliant story. I'm not sure how you've done it but you've made this both educational and interesting. Bravo.
What the Hell happened to Venus? Idk. But now I’m going to find out
Did you figure it out
Could the life exist in the atmosphere. It seems like your going to answer my question as I type it. I was so cool for like 10, maybe 12 seconds. Professor Kipping and your Cool Worlds crew, thanks for another excellent video. Off this subject. Is the new European space telescope array going to be a way for you to look for moons. I hope it is. Thanks again.
Once again another stunning video Kipping! And again I'm wondering what's the plant on your left side? It's really beautiful
You really got my mind moving about Venus in a way that I have never felt before. Thanks!
Very grateful for this video dropping on Sunday, when I could enjoy it and immerse myself into it to the fullest. Just 1 Question. Isn't our moon gravitational effect on Earth also a significant factor in keeping our tectonic plates from solidifying?
Tidal heating from the Moon is just around 3 TW, which is small compared to the Earth's internal heat budget at more than 48 TW. But since that heat is mostly dissipated in the upper mantle, it could have weakened the lithosphere enough to help/hinder plate tectonics back when or if the Moon was much closer.
Been waiting too damn long for this one. These videos make me wanna bust
thank you for opening my world by your generous gift of your podcasts...your channel is a telescope to our wonderous universe
after watching this, I do believe that if there's ever a movie made about humans landing on Venus, it's going to star Sean Bean
Hello cool worlds man! This video makes my closing shift worth it.
This was such a cool and well researched video. Subscribed! I always thought Venus was under appreciated planet - mars gets all the glam.
My thoughts exactly
It's a bit creepy to imagine early life forms evolving on early venus at roughly the same time as was happening on earth, and then they just...never continued. Their planet, their home, just became hotter and drier for hundreds of millions of years until it became uninhabitable. It's creepy to imagine what early venus looked like, knowing what would become of it eventually.
One does not simply expect a LotR reference in a Cool Worlds video. You made my day!
Bro wtf, I was reading Wikipedia's article on Terraforming Venus and its many Colonization options....talk about perfect timing
It’s remarkable to think that the gaseous atmosphere is that heavy that it’s worse than having a liquid like water exert many tons of pressure at depth. It’s just hard to fathom how a gaseous atmosphere could even do that. One would think it’s just not possible and that it would require a liquid to transfer that much force. Incredible!
it’s just density. Normal Scuba tanks are pressurized 200 + bar
Venus atmosphere is only 92 bars of pressure.
Also I think the US Navy put some sailors under equivalent 600m depth of pressure. That’s 60 bar.
"One would think it’s just not possible and that it would require a liquid to transfer that much force" Or maybe, since the atmosphere is thicker than Earth's, it's also more massive. Since pressure is Force over surface, it doesn't take a lot to realize that if you have more mass over a given surface, then you have more pressure, since the weight aka the force is bigger. Also, it takes 100 km of that mixture of gases to generate a pressure of 92 atm. It takes 1 km of water to do the same. 100 km of water will have much much more pressure than 100 km of gases, since water is denser.
Oh wow, you actually cited your sources. I was skeptical that you would, as so many channels like this one just AI generate everything. But you seem to have actually put in effort! And I'm pleasantly surprised.
The Sean Bean LOTR monologue to describe Venus (Mordor) was absolutely pitch perfect editing.
Awesome video as usual! Thank you.
If our simulations for slow rotators is correct then Venus must have boiled off before slowing down, else it would likely be very habitable right now. Also interesting to notice Venus is dramatically enriched in neon and especially nitrogen compared to the Earth, even accounting for the different oxidation state it would have if it had oceans and free oxygen (which would have trapped maybe 1-2 bars of N2 in the crust). A denser N2 atmosphere might either have helped warm the planet through band widening or cooled it through Rayleigh scattering (hard to predict) but I doubt it would have been relevant to trigger the runaway greenhouse. Anyway, this makes me think the Earth lost a lot of volatiles during the Theia impact.
Venus also suffered giant impacts like Earth and yet its atmosphere is thicker than Earth's.
Always a great day when you're uploading, sir!
I love your videos man. Truly amazing work ❤
Fascinating indeed. I always thought a collision could've started it all. Thanks, dr. Kipping! 😊 Stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊
Venus is probably my favorite celestial body in the solar system. The fact that terrestrial planets all have the potential of going the route of Venus, while simultaneously remaining such a mystery to us, is endlessly fascinating to me.
This channel is fantastic on so many levels!
I appreciate this relevant and actually helpful sponsorship. I will be checking Incogni out.
The lesson is. If we can terraform venus, the universe is ours.
I felt it was pertinent to mention that Earth has a moon, and a large one, and Venus does not? Seems like that’s a vital point when comparing the two
Interesting and true for sure, but I don’t think this directly adds to the explanation of how Venus diverged from us. Venus doesn’t have a tilted obliquity or anything so we can’t claim a large moon would have helped in any way.
This was a fascinating episode. Well done
Amazing video!! The LOTR scene was a very nice touch😂 keep up these incredible videos, they are much appreciated!!! ❤❤❤ Venus is a facinating Planet, love seeing it in the night sky, so bright!
As usual... another excellent video! ❤
Can you compute the temp of Venus if the gas in its dense atmosphere was not CO2, nor any other 'greenhouse' gas but just followed the universal laws of any gas? I think even argon or xenon at those pressures would mean the surface would be really hot just due to compression, wouldn't it?
No. It would not be as hot.
This video is awesome it's a unattended asmr video this guy's voice is relaxing to listen to and this is my first video I'm watching from this channel
Thank you so much. So Happy to reach this🕊️🙏