How Male Seahorses Evolved to Give Birth

2021 ж. 26 Сәу.
98 927 Рет қаралды

Male pregnant seahorses give birth to around a thousand babies. Seahorses come from the family Syngnathidae, which also includes seadragons and pipefish. They're the only animals in which the males get pregnant. After females transfer eggs, the males then fertilise them. But why do male seahorses give birth? And how did this way of reproduction evolve?
All images and videos used herein are 1) in the public domain, 2) used under a Creative Commons license, 3) used with a license, or 4) used under the parameters of Fair Use law
Credits:
liquidguru. vimeo.com/49536991
liquidguru. vimeo.com/42486100
Klaus Stiefel. flic.kr/p/dot8ns
Tesk0002. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
References:
Whittington CM & Friesen CR. The evolution and physiology of male pregnancy in syngnathid fishes. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020;95:1252-1272.
Roth O, et al. Evolution of male pregnancy associated with remodeling of canonical vertebrate immunity in seahorses and pipefishes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020;117:9431-9439.
Wilson AB, et al. Male pregnancy in seahorses and pipefishes (family Syngnathidae): rapid diversification of paternal brood pouch morphology inferred from a molecular phylogeny. J Hered 2001;92:159-166.
#wildlife #nature #seahorse

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  • Please like, comment and subscribe if you enjoy the video!

    @frankenscience3802@frankenscience38023 жыл бұрын
    • What are your sources?

      @chloevalleau1650@chloevalleau1650 Жыл бұрын
    • I have a thriving population of Fathead Minnows in my garden pond. Every summer, when the water gets warm enough for eggs to incubate, the male Fathead Minnow finds and spruces up a little cave around the water's edge. He then entices a female to come lay eggs in his cave. If she likes him, they dance around just outside the cave, and then she goes in and lays eggs inside. He fertilizes the eggs and protects them with his life. He is not pregnant. It does not matter where the cave is located, it does not mean he is pregnant. Just because the "cave" is inside the seahorse, that doesn't make him pregnant. Claiming a male seahorse is pregnant because of how he protects his spawn is like saying a female kangaroo is pregnant every time the joey climbs back into the pouch.

      @JustAboutAnything66@JustAboutAnything664 ай бұрын
  • The seahorse looked like he were sneezing his kids out 😂 cute

    @daydreaming2113@daydreaming21132 жыл бұрын
    • Indeed 😂😂

      @gopract8246@gopract824610 ай бұрын
    • If only it was that easy for human women to push babies out😂

      @gigidotto9014@gigidotto901410 ай бұрын
    • 😂😂😂😂😂

      @crimeinfoja7184@crimeinfoja71849 ай бұрын
  • "... some eggs can be lost... " I know almost nothing about seahorses (prior to watching this video), but that looked like a lot of eggs lol Also, quality is incredible as always

    @gonzalogutierrez510@gonzalogutierrez5102 жыл бұрын
    • I was trying to figure out all of those fit inside her

      @amaccoy@amaccoy2 жыл бұрын
    • It looked like all of em tbh lol

      @foxyboop4164@foxyboop4164 Жыл бұрын
    • I was seriously getting a bit pissed off. She needs to learn how to aim better lol

      @theopulentone1650@theopulentone1650 Жыл бұрын
    • @@theopulentone1650😂😂😂😂😂😂

      @crimeinfoja7184@crimeinfoja71849 ай бұрын
  • letting a comment for yt for one of the most underrated science channels, amazing quality content!

    @striker07beat@striker07beat3 жыл бұрын
    • These types of comments keep me going! Thanks man

      @frankenscience3802@frankenscience38023 жыл бұрын
  • 5:05 best pic of a seahorse ever

    @must_tash4195@must_tash41952 жыл бұрын
  • You literally deserve more subscribers! Your videos are pure excellence.

    @user-pc8bl3qk5k@user-pc8bl3qk5k3 жыл бұрын
    • Thanks man! Hopefully I’ll get some more with time!

      @frankenscience3802@frankenscience38023 жыл бұрын
    • And you absolutely need to learn what the word "literally" means.

      @madmonkee6757@madmonkee67572 жыл бұрын
  • What an excellent well researched video, thank you

    @abstracter8627@abstracter86273 жыл бұрын
    • Glad you enjoyed it!

      @frankenscience3802@frankenscience38023 жыл бұрын
  • Some fish, like the Platy fish we have in our home aquarium, give birth to live young. This is the female giving birth to live young. Live bearers like Platys have a reproductive advantage in a relatively crowded environment with other species (like a fish tank with other species of fish in it). The fry pop out of the mother and can swim to safety. However, one gender is expending the energy. The female has to expend energy avoiding the males who want to mate all of the time. The solution in the home aquarium is to up the number of females for every male so that he is chasing around a lot of girls rather than just one. Wild female platys and other similar live bearer females in natural environments don't get such relief. So, female Platys have to expend energy: 1) avoiding males, 2) producing eggs, and 3) retaining those eggs in their bodies until the fry hatch. The females "blow up" when they are pregnant. They are less streamline, making it cost more energy for them to swim. Energy-wise, all the males have to do is find the females and mate with them. Instead of him searching the gravel or hiding spots for eggs to fertilize like with other fish species, he knows where the eggs he wants are. Hence, he chases the females relentlessly, putting more pressure on the females. He has excess energy. She is struggling to swim well enough so that she can find enough food in her expanding pregnant body. Any energy intensive task she can give to him instead (like egg guarding or even male pregnancy) is going to mean more energy overall goes into producing offspring. With shared responsibilities, you are harnessing both male and female energy instead of only female energy. So, Mrs. Seahorse gets to go eat and fill her body with eggs again before her previous brood in even born. As a result, there are more Seahorses in the world.

    @emawerna@emawerna2 жыл бұрын
    • Thank you. I love learning new things.

      @oticiaredman8516@oticiaredman85168 ай бұрын
  • I was watching a few of your videos and they were absolutly amazing and then i saw that you only have 5700 Subs how is that even possible?!?!?! Your Videos are so professional keep it up!

    @florianl3342@florianl33422 жыл бұрын
    • Tripled since you said this

      @jamesbizs@jamesbizs2 жыл бұрын
  • You answer all the niche biology questions I have! Best channel, new favorite

    @DefektiveEnvy@DefektiveEnvy2 жыл бұрын
  • I don't know why I'm watching this, but I love it. Thanks for the information I just learned somethings.

    @4weentertainlifenaturetrav436@4weentertainlifenaturetrav436 Жыл бұрын
  • Hello! Very glad to have found this top quality channel but you should change your voice audio processing. For example the s-sounds are very sharp so maybe eq that out a little bit

    @simonbuchner8330@simonbuchner83302 жыл бұрын
  • Love your documentation!

    @AbsteEnt@AbsteEnt2 жыл бұрын
  • What a brilliant video this was very interesting well done 😍😍😍😍

    @paulinehalkyard9312@paulinehalkyard93122 жыл бұрын
  • I've always been fascinated by seahorses, pipefish, and seadragons. A little trivia for you: in Baltimore, in the 50s and 60s (and maybe longer) seahorses were a secret symbol for lesbians (because it's the males that give birth). There's something you won't see in a John Waters movie.

    @madmonkee6757@madmonkee67572 жыл бұрын
  • Seriously, this video is so professional. Because your subscriber count is so low (I have no idea how!) I thought maybe you stole a video from National Geographic or something! I promise I really mean that. Not just trying to stroke your ego!

    @JillyBean_1987@JillyBean_19872 жыл бұрын
    • Sometime during the last year, this channel lost the ability to respond to comments. Too busy making these darn near perfect videos i guess 😂 like literally i have no ideas for any new improvements. Maybe other than responding to questions 🙂

      @eetuthereindeer6671@eetuthereindeer66712 жыл бұрын
  • Humans: my wife is giving birth!! Seahorses: My husbands giving birth!!!

    @vzqrt@vzqrt Жыл бұрын
  • Absolutely amazing; fascinating!!

    @Madhukirtan@Madhukirtan Жыл бұрын
  • Amazing videos bro

    @joralva24@joralva242 жыл бұрын
  • genuinely made me sad when those eggs fell

    @spacedimensia@spacedimensia2 жыл бұрын
  • Great video

    @khamok6916@khamok69162 жыл бұрын
  • This is amazing! Aren't they precious? Awe!

    @Tereselynn@Tereselynn6 ай бұрын
  • Great video! Awesome chanal

    @HelionDark@HelionDark2 жыл бұрын
  • got recommended this after watching the suicidal salmons video. You deserve to get blessed by the algo

    @iraeis7267@iraeis72672 жыл бұрын
    • Exactly, same happened to me

      @tusharatbit@tusharatbit2 жыл бұрын
  • Fascinating!

    @thuantran610@thuantran610 Жыл бұрын
  • new video aww yea thank you :)

    @socialist-strong@socialist-strong3 жыл бұрын
    • Yes! New video out every 2 weeks so stay tuned for the next one!

      @frankenscience3802@frankenscience38023 жыл бұрын
  • This was so beutifull

    @marconoboa1154@marconoboa11542 жыл бұрын
  • And that’s why seahorses have been so successful at their own pace and they are now being

    @harmqueen5034@harmqueen50348 күн бұрын
  • Very informative, good job Bro

    @kevinarmandosiliezarmadrid3015@kevinarmandosiliezarmadrid30153 жыл бұрын
    • Thanks man!

      @frankenscience3802@frankenscience38023 жыл бұрын
  • From its appearance more like a reptile to unparalleled reproductive behavior, seahorse is missing nothing for wonder & awe. Very illustrative as usual featuring the latest update in. Grades of paternal care are shown leading up to the most complex one. Yet, evolutionary transition does not look as smooth or straightforward as presented here. Some steps more should be taken to the complex level of male reproductive system. That's the impression from this superb footage. Thank you very much! Next!

    @footfault1941@footfault1941 Жыл бұрын
  • No wonder I love all sorts of nature❤. Air, earth, sea!

    @user-zu6vn1xk8w@user-zu6vn1xk8w15 күн бұрын
  • Wow

    @brittneysanders4027@brittneysanders4027 Жыл бұрын
  • Male sticklebacks, relatives of the sygnathids, do guard the eggs.

    @--Paws--@--Paws--2 жыл бұрын
  • "pregnant" is a gender-specific term according Oxford or Cambridge dictionary whose definition goes "women or female animals having .." What male seahorse is doing is beyond description! (No offense intended.)

    @footfault1941@footfault1941 Жыл бұрын
  • Ok this needs more views. Not on social media atm so guess I'm texting and emailing peeps

    @Skittenmeow@Skittenmeow2 жыл бұрын
  • So if im getting this correct theyre mammals but they are not mammals?

    @trippiechris1852@trippiechris18522 жыл бұрын
    • They dont have a 3 bone ear, neither produce milk a long side many other adaptations that make crown mammals… well mammals, this is just another example of convergent evolution

      @Genzafel@Genzafel2 жыл бұрын
    • Technically, no, since pregnant mammals have a placenta to provide the unborn offspring with nutrients which doesn't happen with seahorses. Even though seahorses carry and birth live young, they don't qualify as mammals.

      @autisticscreechling4950@autisticscreechling49502 жыл бұрын
  • It’s El Mago’s fault that the seahorse’s level of parenting has been altered!

    @lisaduncanson6086@lisaduncanson608611 ай бұрын
  • seahorse mpreg

    @lemsavage9473@lemsavage94732 жыл бұрын
    • 7:26 fish bussy

      @kevinpeters6709@kevinpeters670925 күн бұрын
  • Don't viviparous plants (yes they exist) also have male pregnancy being (presumably) hermaphrodites?

    @UniDocs_Mahapushpa_Cyavana@UniDocs_Mahapushpa_Cyavana2 жыл бұрын
    • They don't have 2 genders

      @joroc@joroc2 жыл бұрын
    • @@joroc They are both male and female. Parthenogenesis in plants does not happen in plants through gametes AFAIK, so parthenogenesis only plants don't have a biologically defined gender.

      @UniDocs_Mahapushpa_Cyavana@UniDocs_Mahapushpa_Cyavana2 жыл бұрын
    • @@joroc way to have an opinion on something you know nothing about

      @francisluglio6611@francisluglio6611 Жыл бұрын
  • Comments for the Algorithm God

    @comradeweismann6947@comradeweismann69472 жыл бұрын
    • Thank you! Really appreciate the support 🙏🏽

      @frankenscience3802@frankenscience38022 жыл бұрын
  • Contractions? More like bustin a……..😂

    @JOELITO3055@JOELITO305510 ай бұрын
  • I think somebody is just giving the wrong names to the sea horses just for the sake to say that male can be pregnant too. What makes a female sea horse female? Is not the ability to carry new life? Also, the “female” sea horse is dropping eggs, where are those eggs fertilized?

    @jacquelineoconnor6469@jacquelineoconnor64692 ай бұрын
    • Male = Smaller, but More Gametes (Sperm/Semen) Female = Bigger, but Fewer Gametes (Ovum/Eggs)

      @thegoldensuperior1863@thegoldensuperior1863Ай бұрын
  • Megnancy. Meriods. Muterus. Menopause.

    @OpenGangnamStyle@OpenGangnamStyle9 ай бұрын
  • It's amazing to me how 🤔 living things evolve overtime like God gave every living thing upgrades overtime it's awesome how else could u explain it 🤷🏿‍♂️

    @paulfrank7164@paulfrank71642 жыл бұрын
  • Hmmm if they give birth are they still male?

    @itsyaboiherman@itsyaboiherman Жыл бұрын
    • Yes they're males that give birth simple as that.

      @tris-xi4bq@tris-xi4bq5 ай бұрын
    • I knew the lgbt was gonna find this

      @diane3209@diane32099 күн бұрын
  • This confirms they don't give birth to them they hold them in their pouches/pockets until they hatch. Giving birth and holding them in a pocket are two different things.

    @disappointed1638@disappointed16382 жыл бұрын
    • They have contractions and give birth that’s painful and real

      @dignaallen3244@dignaallen32442 жыл бұрын
    • well conciption happens inside them so it counts as pregnancy

      @piglin469@piglin4692 жыл бұрын
    • Male provide the nutrition needed by the eggs to develop and had contractions to push them out. Get you feminist apologetic as** outa here

      @lilbich6576@lilbich65762 жыл бұрын
    • @@dignaallen3244 it's not really painful for almost every other animal.

      @Ruiluth@Ruiluth2 жыл бұрын
    • The eggs are inserted into the male where they are then fertilized, and are hatched INSIDE the male, until he gives birth to them. How is that not giving birth?

      @jamesbizs@jamesbizs2 жыл бұрын
  • all these signs and man is still arrogant that all of this is by randomness not design 😐

    @AbdelRahmanSeyamEg@AbdelRahmanSeyamEg2 жыл бұрын
    • How do you know that God didn’t design them to be like that? How can randomness result in species that know they need to breed in order to populate the world and transfer their genes?

      @FaithMatini@FaithMatini2 жыл бұрын
  • For humans this would be so painful 🤦‍♂️

    @luckylovescheese3683@luckylovescheese368310 ай бұрын
  • Male pregnancy - see Suriname toads!

    @mbww8572@mbww8572 Жыл бұрын
  • So hold up? She cant carry them because shes female? Ummm...

    @lemonadelemon1960@lemonadelemon19602 жыл бұрын
    • I wouldn't if given the option, let males do it.

      @magnarcreed3801@magnarcreed38012 жыл бұрын
    • Its because female seahorses have the dicks instead.

      @Zyleace@Zyleace2 жыл бұрын
    • You could say it's a little fishy.

      @user-nd7rg5er5g@user-nd7rg5er5g2 жыл бұрын
    • @@user-nd7rg5er5g Get out

      @autisticscreechling4950@autisticscreechling49502 жыл бұрын
    • Yeah it's pretty simple she can't fertilize them so the male does it.

      @tris-xi4bq@tris-xi4bq5 ай бұрын
  • talk about switching gender roles smh

    @hjames78@hjames78 Жыл бұрын
  • 'May have evolved from...' 'May have/possibly caused the......to evolve.......' And there you have it: Evolution-all based on conjecture but treated as fact.

    @typower9@typower99 ай бұрын
  • They actually didn't thy have a hallow almost like a kangaroo pouch that acts as incubator* But the mom ultimately is the one who has the eggs and babies to begin with* I like sea horses* I wanted to study them at one point in life* But not any more* Anyways thanks for the video* May 19, 2022 11:24am I know what I know because I know what I know also I'm still me*/

    @yacarlysluzon1828@yacarlysluzon18282 жыл бұрын
  • Wow. Male seahorse are so WOKE.

    @noahway13@noahway132 жыл бұрын
    • Not as woke as Parthenogenesis or Mysandrists...

      @thegoldensuperior1863@thegoldensuperior1863Ай бұрын
  • Now I understand the majoras mask sidequest

    @iker900@iker900 Жыл бұрын
  • Seahorses are so beautiful when they do their courtship dance and change colors. 🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹🥹

    @UnicornFairy42@UnicornFairy422 жыл бұрын
  • The classification of seahorse sexes must be wrong.🤔🫤

    @picandvideo@picandvideo10 ай бұрын
    • Nope male seahorses do indeed give birth. And they're species of fish that females turn into males or males turn into females. All of that is natural in their world.

      @tris-xi4bq@tris-xi4bq5 ай бұрын
  • Great video

    @saimaddy3456@saimaddy3456 Жыл бұрын
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