The Mongol Destruction of Baghdad
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The most devastating Mongol attack in history. After demolishing the Order of Assassins, Hulagu Khan leads an enormous Mongol army against the great city of Baghdad. The Abbasid caliph has angered the Mongols, and his people will suffer for it. Few will survive the wrath of the Khan. A huge thank you to@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory for all the guidance on this one!
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PRIMARY SOURCES
Al-Din Fadl Allah, R. (1999). Jamiʻu't-Tawarikh: A history of the Mongols. (W. M. Thackston, Trans.) (Vol. 2). Harvard University. Rashid Al-Din is the principal primary source quoted throughout this episode.
Al-Din Shirazi, Q. (2018). The Mongols in Iran: Qutb al-Din Shirazi's akhbar-I moghulan. (G. Lane, Trans.). Routledge.
Ganjakets'i, K. (1986). 60. Destruction of Baghdad. In R. Bedrosian (Trans.), History of the Armenians. essay, Sources of the Armenian Tradition. Retrieved from www.attalus.org/armenian/kgtoc....
Gilli-Elewy, H. (Trans.). (2011). Al-Awādi al-ğāmia: A contemporary account of the Mongol conquest of Baghdad, 656/1258. Arabica, 58(5), 353-371. doi.org/10.1163/157005811X56156. This work has traditionally been attributed to the Baghdadi historian Ibn al-Fuwati but, as Gilli-Elewy and others note, this may be an erroneous attribution. The authenticity of the source is not in doubt, only its author. This is the source for the quotation about the defiling of the caliphal tombs, as well as the "dead lay as mounds..." passage.
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SECONDARY SOURCES
Ahmed, L. (2021). Women and gender in islam: Historical roots of a modern debate (2nd ed.). Yale University Press.
Elices, J. (2020, August 1). Medieval robots? they were just one of this Muslim inventor's creations. National Geographic. Retrieved November 11, 2022, from www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/....
Hyman, A., Walsh, J. J., & Williams, T. (Eds.). (2010). Islamic philosophy. In Philosophy in the Middle Ages: The Christian, Islamic and Jewish tradition (3rd ed., pp. 220-337). essay, Hackett. Information regarding the intellectual tradition in Baghdad and the dominant currents of Aristotelian and Platonist thought.
Le Strange, G. (2018). Baghdad during the Abbasid Caliphate from contemporary Arabic and Persian sources. Routledge. (Original work published in 1900).
Qusti, S. H. (1979). The Mongol invasion of the Fertile Crescent 1257-1260 (thesis). Retrieved from d.lib.msu.edu/etd/37336/datas.... 92-100 features a good overview of the aftermath and conflicting death tolls given by contemporary and later authors.
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love these videos but i have 3 issues or more like advice or critique: 1. the sound needs improving! 2. there was no need for the obvious islamaphobic propaganda at 2:18 and 3. the advertisement at the beginning of the video just ruins the whole experience of this great immersive video!
When are you going to do some episodes in the age of exploration, starting with Columbus
@@muslimresponse103 Hey now, we gotta make a living somehow 😆 We do avoid putting sponsorship segments in the middle of the video in order to keep that immersion. To point 2, do remember that that is not a commentary on Islam, but rather the uniquely stratified mid-to-late Abbasid society. The Ahmed source cited in the description gives a pretty good overview of the matter if you're interested. Anyhow, thank you for watching!
@@garybrown4385 Samurai v. Conquistador touched a bit on that, but we are very keen on doing Cortes and the Aztecs as well.
I would also like to see a segment on William Wallace
Mongols were the 13th century nuclear bomb..
It's quite Astounding that they were so POWERFUL!
Bah, was just thinking the same thing
Horsepower babay
Except the nuclear bomb 'only' affected two cities. The Mongols basically had the same affect on a population as a nuclear bomb every city they went
The mongols were nice if you surrendered and paid tax. Russia, Armenia, and Georgia did. The Muslims on the other hand killed every negotiation envoy sent which resulted in the mongols being extremely brutal to them.
“ since we have come all this way, how can we turn back without seeing the caliph?” Gave me chills
A perfect choice of words of an absolute psychopathic General
@@jayarajnair Cope modernist.
@@aaaaaa8656 Cry more, history isn’t black and white and it’s certainly not changed in the slightest, individuals wiped away people industry’s do that now without consequence…
@@artair70 Are you saying that a man who ordered the death of hundreds of thousands of innocents is not a psychopath?
@@user-sg3wp2qs2b I really don't care, you lot are a joke... You do know that history isn't black and white? Your pathetic revisionism is quite cute.
Caliph: “this palace will survive until doomsday” Mongols: “yeah, about that…”
Caliph: “I AM IN CHARGE HERE “ Hulagu: “do you feel in charge?”
THIS IS DOOMSDAY
It was thier doomsday
the mighty Mongol invasions carried by chinggis khan and Hulagu Khan is exactly what I imagine an aliens invasion would look like
Aliens aren't subhuman, like diaperheads are.
LOL it seems that you can't tell the different between Mongols and freedom fighters from GAZA they aren't same race, religion or culture @@donkeyslayer9879
So, if the history repeat, aliens do invading as a magnitude power like The Mongols, (or Nazi) targeting your home, what would you choosed? 1. Go to battlefield to defend your home (chance 99% defeat, 1%win), or 2. live as slave (chance 90% horrible fate than death, 10% not easy death), or 3. Living as refugee (chance 70% lived kinda normal but facing discrimination, 30% depressed and suicidal).
Khulegu is not khan.
@@lunamoonfang9639 Wikipedia relates to him as khan
Fun fact: Due to the lack of suitable stones during the siege of Baghdad, the mongols used palm trees as ammunition against the city walls.
Yes, they had to “import” the stones from surrounding regions, but they did also use palm trees to supplement siege ammunition!
imagine being a soldier on the walls of baghdad and you get slammed in the face with an entire palm tree
Savage.
and whats fun in that?
@@HistoryDose The face image u used represent the average commoner Chinese soldier look not Mongolian. Mongolia army was max 150k including 40k from Gorgria, Christians. The actual Mongolias are less than 50k. The rest are others and Chinese. People thought they are alot as they counted including the woman plus they didn't know for each Mongolia soldier they have 3-5 horses other than the one that the mongle solder is useing. Also, you did alot of cuts. The havey cavalry of the city where not 12k but 20-24k , 10k of whom are nobles. They also managed to push away them for a hole day. It is in the second day they got cocky and went far from the walls then got attacked useing the river. Also the main army was out of the city ,numbered 50k on a training mission 100km away from Baghdad. You also forgot to mention the city has walls not just high and strong. It is much more than that. We hear that all of the time. The walls of the out layers are 34m high and 12m thick with smaller walls before them as a layer just like the system in Constantinople interms of tge design but more layers. There is 3 of those. Then circler city core the original city bulid. 50m+ high and 12m-15m thick with 3 circles. Then a massive fortress then a gaint place casle then the havely fortified throne room that has a trap capable quite thin deep runway to get to of 2 doors gaint gates of steel in layered fashion. That runway is easily a death trap. Within the city there is few gaint fortresses that makes Europe cadles like tents with much higher walls. Also many others small castles of 3 tyoes and sizes around the city and watch towers tiny casles too. The walls height doesn't count the wall towers. Not to mention the city can house 1M easily and it had 2M people at the time. Usually it has 1.5M . Also it has inner farms and a massive ruler guardian and date trees. It has the river going in the middle and it has wels too. It has a massive storage of tools and water. It is an impossible city to conquer more than Constantinople. Vast majority of the people knows how to fight even the women and can do archery. They have access to massive amounts of poison. They are very rich. The money would have got people to fight and there was the their army 50k and a force from Syria/Levant other 50k or so too. But they arrived too late. There is a 10 casles arrangement defense system fromeach side that designed in a way where if after you attack the first you would be exposed to 3 others. Each had 2k-5k soldiers. In the end of this the army still lost 50% of their manpower. Including the 20k cleverly managed to kill more than 20k on first day.
Not gonna lie, it feels like Baghdad to this day never recovered from this at all.
Truth:
Baghdad has never been lucky, Mongols destroyed it once, NATO and the US and surrounding nations have been targetting it ever since.
The entire Islamic world hasn’t recovered
@@siddharthsingh3996 don’t forget the Timurids and Ottomans and British Empire
@@erikdahler5227 they did after they took Constantinople, built Samarkand and Delhi to its respective glory(in a twist of irony the cities were built magnificently under the dynasties of by none other than Genghis own Muslim descendants)
Jesus, I can't imagine how terrified the people must've been who had to watch their city fall and knowing they could potentially die.
The men got to fight and die in war, a brutal fate, but at least they didn't have to see what came after. The women imo suffered most, because they had to witness and suffer the aftermath
@@liquidsnake6879for sure
Potential 😂😂
If history was taught like this in school. So many more people would make it their favorite subject.
You didn't learn this in school? Well, public school sucks. I am amazed at how little students learn in public schools.
Being a Mongolian diplomat must have been one of the deadliest jobs in the medieval world. I think you'd be better off being a regular foot soldier.
Well, look on the bright side. You can always know if you get killed by your host, justice will come in a most hellish of form upon your murderer.
@@InquisitorXarius those envoys had the last laugh
@@patricianoftheplebs6015 Yep 🙂
@@patricianoftheplebs6015 They be all like, “Hmm, I just got killed. Well, time to enjoy the afterlife” then they see hundreds of thousands of people popping in shortly after, whom they (the Mongol Envoy) recognize as the subjects of the ruler who put him to death.
@@InquisitorXarius pretty much “hey I see brought your whole fam…kingdom with you”
That painting of the Mongol Army at the gates of Baghdad gives a lot of Battle of Pelennor Field vibes. Incredible but terrifying. Goosebumps
@5:22…that moment you know you’re done, just a matter of time! Mongols didn’t mess around, surrender and live under their control or resist and everyone you hold dear and control dies with you.
@@greatcornholio5541 If they're in a good mood. They slaughtered plenty of people for no reason at all
really gives an incredible visual of what we learn about in like a book where we can’t see the terrifying scale of what happened
Imagine if you’re guarding the walls looking at the sea of mongol hordes outside 😢
The face image u used represent the average commoner Chinese soldier look not Mongolian. Mongolia army was max 150k including 40k from Gorgria, Christians. The actual Mongolias are less than 50k. The rest are others and Chinese. People thought they are alot as they counted including the woman plus they didn't know for each Mongolia soldier they have 3-5 horses other than the one that the mongle solder is useing. Also, you did alot of cuts. The havey cavalry of the city where not 12k but 20-24k , 10k of whom are nobles. They also managed to push away them for a hole day. It is in the second day they got cocky and went far from the walls then got attacked useing the river. Also the main army was out of the city ,numbered 50k on a training mission 100km away from Baghdad. You also forgot to mention the city has walls not just high and strong. It is much more than that. We hear that all of the time. The walls of the out layers are 34m high and 12m thick with smaller walls before them as a layer just like the system in Constantinople interms of tge design but more layers. There is 3 of those. Then circler city core the original city bulid. 50m+ high and 12m-15m thick with 3 circles. Then a massive fortress then a gaint place casle then the havely fortified throne room that has a trap capable quite thin deep runway to get to of 2 doors gaint gates of steel in layered fashion. That runway is easily a death trap. Within the city there is few gaint fortresses that makes Europe cadles like tents with much higher walls. Also many others small castles of 3 tyoes and sizes around the city and watch towers tiny casles too. The walls height doesn't count the wall towers. Not to mention the city can house 1M easily and it had 2M people at the time. Usually it has 1.5M . Also it has inner farms and a massive ruler guardian and date trees. It has the river going in the middle and it has wels too. It has a massive storage of tools and water. It is an impossible city to conquer more than Constantinople. Vast majority of the people knows how to fight even the women and can do archery. They have access to massive amounts of poison. They are very rich. The money would have got people to fight and there was the their army 50k and a force from Syria/Levant other 50k or so too. But they arrived too late. There is a 10 casles arrangement defense system fromeach side that designed in a way where if after you attack the first you would be exposed to 3 others. Each had 2k-5k soldiers. In the end of this the army still lost 50% of their manpower. Including the 20k cleverly managed to kill more than 20k on first day.
This might be the most horrific single incident in human history.
Just check invasion of ghazni of somnath
Perhaps because Hulagu Khan, in a span of time measuring not more than a month, killed enough people to make a measurable dent in the population of Humanity as a whole, devastated Mesopotamia so thoroughly that it turned from arguably one of the most agriculturally productive regions ON THE PLANET into the desert we know and lament today, and destroyed the greatest repository of knowledge of the medieval world. WW2 was horrible yes, but that’s a fresh memory and it played out over half a decade. I can’t imagine the terror it inspired in everyone else who knew of the city as it once was all those years ago.
@@princeofrance never during one battle, or event, did world war 2 have a slaughter like this, not even on the beach
@@princeofrance why is that...bc that's all you were taught ?
I'd have to say the Ten Million dead under King Leopolds thirst for rubber was the worst in history
"young man, you have just come of age and you have expectations of living forever" is such a cold way to remind someone you can kill him cos you have killed others like him.
The Khan's warning/order to Baghdad seems like something aliens would tell us before the invasion. The "resistance is futile" spirit is big in this one.
Yup they owned his ass
The Khans did fulfill their promises, though. If you willingly gave up, they would take you under their wing and give you protection and freedom of religion. Also, the soldiers were banned from raping or bullying any foreigners who willingly assimilated as the punishment was harsh for those crimes.
@@infinity7397 The rule of law was very important for mongols. Also women had more rights in the mongol empire than the rest of world so from one view it was better.
I have to imagine the writers on Star Trek: TNG got some inspiration from the Mongols when coming up with the Borg. Both have the same mentality: Conquer everything. Those who submit will become one of us, while those who do not shall be slaughtered to a man.
@@aaronmontgomery2055 could woman own property in the mongol empire?
It’s so crazy to think about the atrocities of the past. I feel like the sacking of a city like this and its absolute destruction are beyond the imagination of the modern mind.
Japan and Germany got plenty of this. As did Russia, Iran, Ukraine. War in essence, experienced anywhere is a sorrow that no one should be subjected to.
The face image u used represent the average commoner Chinese soldier look not Mongolian. Mongolia army was max 150k including 40k from Gorgria, Christians. The actual Mongolias are less than 50k. The rest are others and Chinese. People thought they are alot as they counted including the woman plus they didn't know for each Mongolia soldier they have 3-5 horses other than the one that the mongle solder is useing. Also, you did alot of cuts. The havey cavalry of the city where not 12k but 20-24k , 10k of whom are nobles. They also managed to push away them for a hole day. It is in the second day they got cocky and went far from the walls then got attacked useing the river. Also the main army was out of the city ,numbered 50k on a training mission 100km away from Baghdad. You also forgot to mention the city has walls not just high and strong. It is much more than that. We hear that all of the time. The walls of the out layers are 34m high and 12m thick with smaller walls before them as a layer just like the system in Constantinople interms of tge design but more layers. There is 3 of those. Then circler city core the original city bulid. 50m+ high and 12m-15m thick with 3 circles. Then a massive fortress then a gaint place casle then the havely fortified throne room that has a trap capable quite thin deep runway to get to of 2 doors gaint gates of steel in layered fashion. That runway is easily a death trap. Within the city there is few gaint fortresses that makes Europe cadles like tents with much higher walls. Also many others small castles of 3 tyoes and sizes around the city and watch towers tiny casles too. The walls height doesn't count the wall towers. Not to mention the city can house 1M easily and it had 2M people at the time. Usually it has 1.5M . Also it has inner farms and a massive ruler guardian and date trees. It has the river going in the middle and it has wels too. It has a massive storage of tools and water. It is an impossible city to conquer more than Constantinople. Vast majority of the people knows how to fight even the women and can do archery. They have access to massive amounts of poison. They are very rich. The money would have got people to fight and there was the their army 50k and a force from Syria/Levant other 50k or so too. But they arrived too late. There is a 10 casles arrangement defense system fromeach side that designed in a way where if after you attack the first you would be exposed to 3 others. Each had 2k-5k soldiers. In the end of this the army still lost 50% of their manpower. Including the 20k cleverly managed to kill more than 20k on first day.
@@lorenzomenegol6461 As do the allies. Civilian bombings to demoralize Germany, Atomic Bombs on Japan to expedite the end of the war.
2022 What Russians doing?
Dude the fact that so many people underappreciate this era of peace where a sizeable proportion of humanity doesn't live in constant fear is beyound me
Love this series. As a Mongolian, we are usually taught about Mongol Empire in history lessons back in school but it never goes into this much detail. I think the only way we find out events like this is through museums in Mongolia. Thanks for sharing this 🙌🏽
Serious question: Are Mongolians proud of Gengis Khan's history ? Do they justify it or condemn it ?
@@plung3r We are proud of his legacy. Why apply modern ethics to historical events?
@@daeseongkim93 Modern ethics? Not to kill an innocent life is a universal timeless ethic.
@@plung3r Oh yeah most definitely, I mean look at our money (Ghenghis Khan is printed on it), our airport is even called Ghenghis Khan so that tells you doesn't it?
@@bat-erdene.m1928 it astonishes me how anyone could be proud of a person who invaded other lands barbarically and killed people by the millions. The same with some Germans being proud of Hitler, and Russians being proud of Stalin and Chinese being proud of Mao, and the Greeks being proud of Alexander, the list goes on but human beings will never change.
that was honestly one of the best history videos ive ever seen.
Yes
“Do not try the impossible, surrender” - that line is cold man. Imagine being a one of the defenders seeing a endless hoard of mongols and knowing ur time is up, just cold man
🥲
They thought they got their god by their side, to be honest. They were blind like the others.
@@ThigamabobIn Islam, we believe that life is a test with it's good and bad, part of its bad is war, illness and death, just because any of these things happen to you doesn't mean that God hates you or has abandoned you at all, it means that this is a test for the believers that has fought and died and went to heaven, and a punishment for others who may have had a lack of belief or were extremely corrupt
In principal, every action that happens to you in Islam is a test and depending on your belief in God and your actions prior to as well as during this test decides whether your effort or suffering and bearing will grant you the highest rewards in the afterlife or be a grieve sin against you in the afterlife.
@@Thigamaboblife is a test for all human beings, the same thing applies to the other side, this was a test for them, they had magnificent power and numbers that made them belive they were invincible, their attack against Muslims as well as their attack against other non Muslim nations at that time seeking glory or material gain has resulted in some of them being even more violent and power hungry and committed more and more crimes, while it made others see through their own mistakes and they eventually became Muslims at the end. Each of us can be standing at either side throughout history and can either try to see the truth and seek God at the end, or become even more corrupt and reach his eventual demise.
“I am the wrath of God, if you have not committed great sins, then God would not of sent a punishment like me upon you”-Genghis Khan.
It is true. He was the punishment of God to all the muslim who actually destroyed great empire like perrsia, Egypt and almost half of India.
The most chilling quote ever... I hear young Kratos speaking when I read this quote
@@jitendratiwari6886 I wish we could've destroyed ignorant guys like you as well, but you are left for some other purpose only God knows. That's definitely not serving humanity nor God though 😂
@@jitendratiwari6886 What about the Mongol Mughol of India?? Indian still crying when some Indian name thier son Timur or Babur.
@@ziyamozafari4404 Same. Muslim scum. We don't "cry" we just point out that Pak heroes like Taimur and Babur were mass murdering scumbags.
“Having come all this way, how can we leave having not seen the Calif?” Ayyoo wtf💀
Damn I felt that 🔥🔥
The mongol empire always gets my vote on best empire. Terrifying and viscious, yes, but also an impressive one stretching across the most numerous and formiddable, seemingly endless, mountain ranges on the planet. The land of the shadow of Everest. So beautiful, unknown, and untamed.
Imagine being a defending warrior, you cannot but tremble with adrenaline at the might and ruthlessness of the Mongols.
I wanted to fight the Mongols on the battlefield. I just never got the opportunity.
@@garybrown4385 you will become hedgehog in second
@@garybrown4385 Timurids: You’re not that guy pal, you’re not that guy
@@BarryAllen__1A23 aahahaha
The face image u used represent the average commoner Chinese soldier look not Mongolian. Mongolia army was max 150k including 40k from Gorgria, Christians. The actual Mongolias are less than 50k. The rest are others and Chinese. People thought they are alot as they counted including the woman plus they didn't know for each Mongolia soldier they have 3-5 horses other than the one that the mongle solder is useing. Also, you did alot of cuts. The havey cavalry of the city where not 12k but 20-24k , 10k of whom are nobles. They also managed to push away them for a hole day. It is in the second day they got cocky and went far from the walls then got attacked useing the river. Also the main army was out of the city ,numbered 50k on a training mission 100km away from Baghdad. You also forgot to mention the city has walls not just high and strong. It is much more than that. We hear that all of the time. The walls of the out layers are 34m high and 12m thick with smaller walls before them as a layer just like the system in Constantinople interms of tge design but more layers. There is 3 of those. Then circler city core the original city bulid. 50m+ high and 12m-15m thick with 3 circles. Then a massive fortress then a gaint place casle then the havely fortified throne room that has a trap capable quite thin deep runway to get to of 2 doors gaint gates of steel in layered fashion. That runway is easily a death trap. Within the city there is few gaint fortresses that makes Europe cadles like tents with much higher walls. Also many others small castles of 3 tyoes and sizes around the city and watch towers tiny casles too. The walls height doesn't count the wall towers. Not to mention the city can house 1M easily and it had 2M people at the time. Usually it has 1.5M . Also it has inner farms and a massive ruler guardian and date trees. It has the river going in the middle and it has wels too. It has a massive storage of tools and water. It is an impossible city to conquer more than Constantinople. Vast majority of the people knows how to fight even the women and can do archery. They have access to massive amounts of poison. They are very rich. The money would have got people to fight and there was the their army 50k and a force from Syria/Levant other 50k or so too. But they arrived too late. There is a 10 casles arrangement defense system fromeach side that designed in a way where if after you attack the first you would be exposed to 3 others. Each had 2k-5k soldiers. In the end of this the army still lost 50% of their manpower. Including the 20k cleverly managed to kill more than 20k on first day.
Hulagu Khan's ominous letter to Al-Musta'sim: "At the time of the conquest of the castles of the Heretics, we sent envoys to you seeking for reinforcements. You replied that you were our subordinate, yet you did not send troops. The sign of subordination and concord is that you send troops when we campaign against the enemy, but you did not do so and sent only excuses. Even though your family is august and venerable and your house has experienced rule and fortune, yet Could the moon have shone so brightly That it eclipsed the blazing sun. Surely you have heard from both high and low what has befallen the world and its inhabitants from the time of Chinggis Khan up to now, and what humiliation was visited upon great houses such as the Khvarazmshahs, the Saljuqs, the kings of Daylam, the Atabaks, and others through the power of the Everlasting Eternal God. The gates of Baghdad were never closed to any one of those groups, and they all had seats of power there. With all our strength and might, how can they be closed to us? Previously we have advised you, and we do so again now: refrain from rancor and obstinacy, do not attempt what you cannot do nor ignore what is manifest, for you will be sorry. In any case, let bygones be bygones. Now, destroy your ramparts and fill in your moats; entrust the rule to your son, and come to us in person. Should you not wish to come yourself, send the Minister, Sulayman Shah, and the Marshal-all three-so that they might deliver our message to you verbatim. Indeed, when our order is obeyed, it will not be necessary to exact retribution and your shall retain your land, army, and subjects. If you do not heed our advice and intend to oppose and resist us, ready your army and choose the battlefield, for we are prepared and girded for battle. When I lead my army against Baghdad in fury, whether you hide in the heavens or on earth I will bring you down from the spinning spheres; I will toss you in the air like a lion. I will leave no one alive in your realm; I will burn your city and your lands. If you wish to spare yourself and your venerable family, listen to my advice with the ear of intelligence. If you do not, you will see what God has willed"
so allah was a lie lol
@@cbhongik explain
Is this why the Mongols collected ears?
@@yougoof 😂👍 in my time in grade school the teacher would pinch our ears if we weren't paying attention so I guess you are right, this was the mongul version of, literal, ear pinching
Wow 😲
I've always been fascinated by The Great Mongolian Empire. Very few people know that the land conquered by Great Genghiz Khan was SEVEN times larger than land conquered by Alexander the Great.
2 times
@@pascojm6816 Alexander the Great conquered 2.01 million square miles of land or about 3.5% of the earth's land mass. While Genghiz Khan conquered 12 million sq miles of land.
And both empires fell apart when the conqueror died, divided among his generals. Ill take an empire that lasts a long time over one that is very large but short lived. This is why the Roman Empire is still the gold standard when people think about past empires.
@@CStone-xn4oy The best and most stable empire is the one we're living in now, the international world order. It's not based on conquest or fear of death but in co operation and global communication. We're living in the best time period in history. I feel sorry for the people who had to suffer throughout the centuries, most of it needless and unecessary suffering. And all for nothing. Their empires crumbled anyway and went nowhere.
@@segagenysis6918 We may well be living in the most comfortable time period in history...at least in western countries, but I do not know if calling it "the best time period in history" is fair. Then again I cannot think of a better alternative for that title but that is likely because I am thinking with the same present bias as you are. As for being stable...the current post-Cold War order has lasted less than the length of a human life time. In fact it has been less than half a century since the Pax Americana began. If it lasts for a full century then we can talk stability. Until then one can argue that we are living in a short calm period.
By standards of the time, it must've been seriously exhilarating to be a Mongol conqueror.
This is my first encounter with your channel and I must say: wow. The combination of your commentary, the stunning art and the incredible sound effects truly made everything come to life. It felt as though I was observing the siege, with my own eyes. It´s quite amazing that one can consume these kinds of historical documentaries on KZhead for free. Cheers!
Same here
You’ll love his Viking video it feels like he’s telling an epic especially the Viking King Herdrada
Took me ages to find stuff like this since of course KZhead wouldn't promote actually entertaining historical documentaries... just more PewDiePie and Mr Beast
Facts I was floored when I first saw this been watching all the mongle 1's over and over NEED MORE MONGOLIAN HISTORY DOSE'S😵💫😂
@@Snarf_Le_Wombat kings and general is also a good one
Your style of presentation is clean, easy to digest, wonderfully written. Many channels forget the fact that older people are viewers too and yet do not speak clearly. Well done gents.
I just watched few videos of yours. About Mongols and many other historical enemy sides. I was quite impressed by the quality of those audio and fine details of both of their histories. Perhaps I hope one day your channel will grow up with huge fan for this channel. I'm also proud to say that I'm Mongolian and tnx to someone whoever reads it.
This has become my favorite history channel on YT, especially this series on the Mongols. I was glued to my seat for its entirety. Can't wait for the next epic episode in this series!!
The face image u used represent the average commoner Chinese soldier look not Mongolian. Mongolia army was max 150k including 40k from Gorgria, Christians. The actual Mongolias are less than 50k. The rest are others and Chinese. People thought they are alot as they counted including the woman plus they didn't know for each Mongolia soldier they have 3-5 horses other than the one that the mongle solder is useing. Also, you did alot of cuts. The havey cavalry of the city where not 12k but 20-24k , 10k of whom are nobles. They also managed to push away them for a hole day. It is in the second day they got cocky and went far from the walls then got attacked useing the river. Also the main army was out of the city ,numbered 50k on a training mission 100km away from Baghdad. You also forgot to mention the city has walls not just high and strong. It is much more than that. We hear that all of the time. The walls of the out layers are 34m high and 12m thick with smaller walls before them as a layer just like the system in Constantinople interms of tge design but more layers. There is 3 of those. Then circler city core the original city bulid. 50m+ high and 12m-15m thick with 3 circles. Then a massive fortress then a gaint place casle then the havely fortified throne room that has a trap capable quite thin deep runway to get to of 2 doors gaint gates of steel in layered fashion. That runway is easily a death trap. Within the city there is few gaint fortresses that makes Europe cadles like tents with much higher walls. Also many others small castles of 3 tyoes and sizes around the city and watch towers tiny casles too. The walls height doesn't count the wall towers. Not to mention the city can house 1M easily and it had 2M people at the time. Usually it has 1.5M . Also it has inner farms and a massive ruler guardian and date trees. It has the river going in the middle and it has wels too. It has a massive storage of tools and water. It is an impossible city to conquer more than Constantinople. Vast majority of the people knows how to fight even the women and can do archery. They have access to massive amounts of poison. They are very rich. The money would have got people to fight and there was the their army 50k and a force from Syria/Levant other 50k or so too. But they arrived too late. There is a 10 casles arrangement defense system fromeach side that designed in a way where if after you attack the first you would be exposed to 3 others. Each had 2k-5k soldiers. In the end of this the army still lost 50% of their manpower. Including the 20k cleverly managed to kill more than 20k on first day.
@@ailediablo79 I used to feel the same way with earlier videos and other channels as well but to fit all of the information you listed or even half with all of the info already mentioned in the vid as well as those that were not included would be impossible. The video would be a few hours long or would require more than a dozen episodes at least.
@@al_Wali bru.. it is just an additional 5 mints, for this case.
I wonder why no one is asking for reparations from Mongolia at the UN.🤔
@@morethan3756 because they are completely different from before. Also they got f up by Russia and China both Ming and Manchu Qing. There is more Mongolias living in China than Mongolia. Also the country is too weak. Moreover, it wasn't liberalism or any ideology nor those type of people are there anymore. It was a one man adventure. Moreover, it happened a longtime ago and it no longer effects anything. But UK and French colonialism is still modern and not a longtime ago. Plus it still there in form of neo-colonialism. Colonialism only evolved and didn't go away. They support Zionist Israeli and it works close with USA. They puppet Oman. They still and Spain control the stright if giprotier despite the southern African continent part should be for Morocco. They caused indirect tracky on purpose nasty instability in many countries (subcontinent of Hinda/Sind, Israel/Plastain, Malaysia (bing indains and Chinese to the area on purpose) and partion of Singapore, killing/ assassinating the fantastic Fesal II king of Iraq, during the border between Pakistan area and Afghanistan, Betrayal of the Arabs after 1916 and instilling dictatorship plus supporting the Sauid family, causing multiple man made famine on purpose in India, re-opening the Shia Vs Sine stuff ect.... ) That is why.
This was incredibly done. The paintings blow me away every time, not only that but the content in the video’s is always unbelievably gripping. Keep up the good work guys!
Look up " Who is the Real Neo-Colonialist in Africa? " on yT. Insightful....
Wonder where many of the paintings are from.
@@Wandrative The paintings are by Joseph Feely, who is the brother of the History Dose narrator.
@@bonnieprincecharlie774 i doubt that. it’s probably ai generated art
Insane quality in text, visuals, and sound. It was a chilling experience. Keep up the good work!
This is actually terrifying... I got chills just listening to this. I don’t even want to imagine what would befall an innocent civilian there at the time…
I like the way you portray such a story with honesty and style that evokes emotion like horror. Most documentaries about Mongols just narrate away without the gravity as if it a fairy tale. But thanks to you, it makes me feel for the inhabitants who were invaded. Keep up with this series about Mongol empire is captivating. Definitely I am gonna share with my friends in Kenya.
They were no saints. The mongol truly were the punishment from God onto the Caliphate..
@@yestokindness99 lol, study history buddy.
@@bluejar5614Shut up! Meet me on the battleground you little s*it!!!!
@@yestokindness99They weren’t s*it!!! The Delhi Sultanate annihilated them! The Mamluk Sultanate and the Golden Horde bulldozed them!!!
@@bluejar5614Tw4t!!!
2:53 imagine if the mongol Khan replied with "I am your doomsday". Would have been the most badass sentence in all of history.
Excellent stuff, really slick and informative, love the graphics. I can't believe I hadn't found you guys before. Super cool 🙂
Got shivers. Cheers for the best history channel on KZhead
It’s documented in Arabic texts that a Mongol soldier was holding 5 Arab captures and he asked them to wait for him till he brings a sword to kill them with and they all waited, this is how paralyzingly terrifying it was. The burning of Baghdad’s library was the biggest tragedy in the medieval times
@Dorn Il-Khan well that's not true, it had scientific texts
@Dorn Il-Khan see you can go do a little google search about the contributions of Islamic scholars to science hope you don't let hate blind you from being able to read the search results
yes. i have read about that. one mongol warrior, several muslims and a sword
@Dorn Il-Khan Found the dumba$$ guys. Let's see his clown show unfold.
nah burning of nalanda university is worse. muslim all stole from indian scholprs
Jesus Christ, I can't decide whether I'm more surprised by how ruthless this whole story is or by your amazing delivery! Keep it going!
Hey Christians participated!
@@crhu319 ?
@@crhu319 The Christians were spared because they submitted. Which looking at what happened... Was the smart choice.
@@theanglo-lithuanian1768 wow, you don't know history. The Christians in baghdad submitted as much as the Muslims did. But only the Christians and shia Muslims were spared as they differed from the government in charge (the caliph)
The Mongol army conquered hundreds of cities and villages and killed millions of people. One estimate is that about 11% of the world's population was killed either during or immediately after the Mongol invasions, around 37.75-60 million people in Eurasia.
One of the saddest events in history that is never talked about.
keep up the hard work man you are doing an awesome job this video was put together very well!
I can already tell the artwork for this one is going to be phenomenal.
How?
@@hnnsy probably because the art is astounding on literally every video
@@unwashedhands2087 You and me....handbags at dawn. Literally.
@@hnnsy As the previous guy said, the artwork on every video is outstanding and just the thumbnail looked good.
@@yourcasualservantofsauron9781 Oh. What a disappointingly banal explanation. I was under the impression you were a clairvoyant or something to that effect.
It’s like the Mongols during their time were an unstoppable force of nature.
The fear of the mongols was so persistent that even 600-700 years later, people in the 1900s were terrified of the asiatic mongol hordes that would destroy them. Hitler invaded USSR because he considered them to be a asiatic horde that would destroy the aryan race among other reasons
Baibars from Mameluk Sultanate liked your comment..
@@okanisiert Baibars can suck Hulegu's d#ck.lucky that Mongols saved Mamluks from the Mongols
@@Orgil. Baibars is Kipchak not Mongol lmao.
@@okanisiert i am talking about civilwar that saved Mamluks from Hulegu.
bro, your channel is damn underrated, the art, music, everything is on next level! I could watch it all day long!
The Mongols made the Nazi SS look like boy scouts. So much brutality
They made the Israeli army look like boy scouts.
Never behead the Mongol envoys. That was the biggest insult you could do, regardless of. Another well done piece thank-you :)
Kievan Rus did the same. It was eradicated and will never recover. Novgorod and Pskov wisely chose to submit and fight the Crusaders.
The Mamelukes actually defeated the Mongols
@@randomperson6988 So did the Delhi sultanate
@@randomperson6988 a small mongol attack not the whole mongols
@@arifahmedkhan9999 India was never attacked by the mongols. This false story has been aired by islamo communist histroians into an already manipultated history of India, to set up the image of islamic rulers of India as some warriors. If the mongols had attacked India at that time, chengez would have made short work of the sultanate and plundered everything.
As a man from Baghdad I thank you for this well done piece of work. We learn this knowledge about our history since youth in our schools. And we still feel saddened by this breaking event, however the city of Baghdad and the rest of Iraq/Mesopotamia still lives to witness the modern world with its wonders.
As a Mongolian, i think it was unfortunate that Baghdad had that smug caliph who managed to insult Mongols worse than 1000 years of toxic relation with Chinese. It was stated in Mongol account that Hulegu was shocked to see so much gold hoarded by caliph and Hulegu said "you could have bribed me with your massive gold when i threatened your soldiers and citizens". Anyway, Mongols melt his gold and poured into caliph's eyes and mouth.
@@Todsor toxic relationship... What do you.mean? Mongols along with Turk so many Times sacked Chinese village since before Century age later Chinese emperor decided to build a great wall
@@Todsor I admit that the caliph sort of deserved his downfall because of his incompetence in governing and politics, diplomacy. But the Mongols were cruel and brutally murdered the population. Although almost 800 have passed it's not justified if we hate you, hatred isn't inherited. We just have to better than the past
@@afdalridwan3813 History is not that simple as you think and Chinese were not innocent as Snow White at that time.
@@Todsor why does the caliph of Baghdad matter!? Nothing justifies what the Mongols did, not even in those days standards; they destroyed Eurasia!
Immediately captured my attention with the excellent thumbnail. I did not expect the video to be so beautifully depicted as well. Impressive work.
Man, this video was done really well. I love the narration and the art that goes along with it.
Most people have said that the Sack of Constantinople in 1204 by the Crusaders was awful (which it was and still is) but the Sack of Baghdad by the Mongols was more awful because unlike Constantinople, Baghdad never managed to fully recover from this insane destruction by such animals. It took centuries for agriculture to recover in the area where once a portion of Baghdad stood so that really showcases how insanely brutal this sack really was. The rivers running black from the ink of the books was definitely not an exaggeration.
Constantinople unfortunately has never recovered, modernist tumors of buildings have sprung up but this means little. The soul of the city will never be restored
Dont forget destruction of Nalonda university by the turks
The sack by the crusaders was just a massive robbery. The sack of Constantinople by the Ottomans was as brutal as the sack of Baghdad. A mercenary from northern Italy said the blood of people flowed down the street gutters as if rain had been falling. The ottomans brutalized the entire city population.
Animals? Lmao get conquered son
'animals' LOL your ancestors had the choice, but yall were too arrogant so ;)
The paintings and the sound design are incredible. Did you make these yourself? It's unlike any other history channel.
Look up Joseph Feely--my brother and channel artist!
@Tracchofyre lol!
@Tracchofyre lmao
The telling of Al-Mustasim's surrender to Hulagu Khan was chilling... Add Hulagu's polite demeanor despite being a cruel and heartless warlord trying to take count of all he slaughters makes Hulagu out to be a true psychopath with a terrifying army...
Wait until be makes a Timur Video especially what he does to the City Of Delhi
@@kaybevang536 Timur being the topic of a video would be brutal as well. Man was fighting Ottomans, Indians and other Mongols!
@@kaybevang536 He was declared by Mosque as All muslim's enemy and have to put to end He isn't one of us He just disguised but not even lesser than Hulagu who massacred Soo many muslim
@@afdalridwan3813 I'm Christian and I was shocked to learn of this completely unnecessary slaughter of innocent men, women and children by Khan. It reminded me of the ethnic cleansing of the Bosniak Muslims during Bosnian war of 1992-1995. My uncle witnessed this first hand when carrying out humanitarian aid work during the ceasefire. He is still haunted by those memories to this very day. How we as humans can be so utterly inhumane to one another over matters of race, religion and politics is beyond me? Fi Aman Allah
@@valorz6064 What The Timurids Did To Delhi Is More Extreme Then Baghdad
I cant wait for your videos Mamluk vs mongol war Im so excited to find this channel !!!
This was refreshing! Great video! Really enjoyed.
Man every retelling of the Siege of Baghdad is bloody horrific. I absolutely love the cinematic immersion and amazing soundtrack you guys bring, makes me very excited to see what happens at Syria only 2 years later and for decades past...
Ckemi vella po mongolet ishin shume te fuqishem dhe te dhunshem
It feels enlightening to listen.
they do the same at Syria but they finally get defeated by the Mamluks in Egypt, as the narrator implied at the end.
Great story and great animations. I have always wondered what the Sacking of Baghdad would have looked like. Stories from people recording during that time described the aftermath as literally "hell on earth." Imagine how bad it must have been if Hulagu himself had to leave the city because of the stench. That man has been in countless battles and death and destruction himself and even this time it made him feel sick.
He did not feel upset, but knew from his experience, that staying so close to dead bodies, flies, and rotti g bodies in water, could lead to disease in his army also.
it was the biggest and most populated city they took over since taking the great cities of China, and in china the rulers just gave up so nothing like what they did to baghdad and central asian cities
Cities were easy target because it’s easy to see them
I'm addicted to your channel, keep it coming!
This one event was worse than 30 Crusades combined, and yet where is the anguish and woe about it?
Unity seems to be a deciding factor in medieval history about whether or not these kinds of wars are won or lost. "Mongol Destruction by the Mamluks" is going to be a good one, keep it up!
Mongols saved Mamluk from the Mongols 😐 Mamluks only defeated small garrison of the Mongols
@@Orgil. They still had many battles and tried to avenge the mamluk loss. They couldn’t win
@@Orgil. have you forgot mongols tried to fight the mamaluks many times after and kept losing to the point they wanted to convert to Islam lol
@@Orgil. The Mamluks defeated the Mongols 4 times before finally losing to the Mongols during their 5th battle.
@@fin5494 after that though they beat the mongols Atlest 30 times
The destruction of Baghdad annoyed Berke Khan (cousin of Hulagu) of Golden horde who had became Muslim. Hulagu and Berke had some border and economics disputes. This pointless destruction of a city added more to the dispute. Berke after this destruction even taunted Hulagu at a family reunion that Hulagu is only good at killing civilians and destroying cities. Hulagu didn't like that very much as he was treated as a celebrity in the family. Berke soon after declared Jihad against Hulagu. Hulagu was finally defeated by Berke and his army shattered.
I love it how Berke made fun of the family reunion and embarrassed him by destroying his whole army.
Berke was a strong leader but I don’t think he would stand a chance against Kublai Khan tho even Nogai Khan pulled strings in the Golden Horde
Berke attaked hulagus army while hulagu went back to mongolia.More looks like a coward act.
@@nisithafernando8420 I mean that was a good idea to surprise attack somebody’s army when their leader is gone
@@kaybevang536 Berke supported Ariq Boke (brother of Kublai) for Mongolian throne. While Hulagu (also brother of Kublai) supported Kublai khan. Ariq Boke lost this bid and in the end Berke was left alone against the two most powerful men of that time. His cousins (Hulagu Khan and Kublai Khan). Both of brothers army were very well supplied and thick with resources. Yet Berke managed to utterly defeat one brother Hulagu Khan. While Kublai did all he could to help Hulagu, he was more interested to conquer China instead. So he didn't bother much of this part of the region after Hulagu died.
The music is precisely at point, great work.
Incredible video!! Thanks for this
One of the most tragic events of human history. Countless writings of wisdom gone forever.
Mostly stolen from great civilizations, which makes it more tragic
@@anon2427 i heard alot of turk Steal your sisters 👯♀️ 😂 😂 😂
@@anon2427 Muslims were the creators of Mathematics and medicine. No one stole more than the west so ..
@@nourrashid8739 this is a common cope perpetrated by Muslims… mathematics was not invented by Muslims, algebra was. You don’t even know that all mathematics aren’t algebra yet you want to claim credit😂😂😂
@@anon2427 lol thats how science progress dumy the philosophy of greeks and the mathématiques from the far east bringed by Muslims helped whith the invantions of many things on the golden age, and of course muslims add more things , i mean even Europe after this pick up the knowledge of the arab/Muslims. U seems just like a Muslims/arabs hater,droven by ur Surroundings propaganda like a sheep, in orther to hate some cuz of their beliefs.
I discovered your channel by accident while looking for something else, and I am so glad that I did. Hope your channel continues to blow-up and expand! Love the content, music and art-work!
there are no accidents
Same
Me too.
Wow that was intense. Amazing video.
The best of this channel is the soundtrack, pictures and storytelling
This is a truly top notch production all around. The animation, the thoroughness and flow of the script, and the exhaustive list of sources. This is the gold standard for historical documentary format
This video was so enthralling im desperately looking around for the follow up to see what happens next. People think history is boring but you have clearly shown that it is only being presented the wrong way. The visuals, the art, the music, and the way you use your voice and choice of words all come together for a great presentation. Only thing i am missing is what year this happened. I may have forgotten.
People who think history is boring are boring people.
I think the date is shown in the beginning - 1257
Dude the writing in this is amazing I was gripped to the screen the whole time. Being alive in that time seems unbelievable
Thanks!!
I thought the same think like imagine if you are inside the palace and the walls are surrounded by Mongols and your ears are hearing the sound of war. Imagine seeing everything getting destroyed and there is no one to save you
Sheeshh that was insane, the art is cool. Well done.
damn, actually became a bit emotional by the Mongols disregard for human life. The artwork, music and quotes really makes it emotional
@C Hahahahahahahahaha lies, but there are people who care about their people and they are not free, and he is the son of Genghis Khan. He used to say that there are important and rich cities, why should we destroy them?
Most badass history channel by a longshot! The way you combine the imagery, music, and commentary transports one back in time. Pure awesomeness!
Dude, your narration in my opinion is better than the narration of '300 movie'. I am legit not exaggerating. I am still shivering. Timur's destruction of Norther India & Delhi in 1398 follows similar protocol. You can make one video on that too.
I really love these Mongol mini docs. Very impressive my brother. Will you all continue to the Mongol segment, I would like to see what happens next with the Mamluks and the death of Kitbuqa?
I’m really glad to have found this channel! The script, reading, art, music & sound effects all blend superbly to create a truly gripping retelling of these stories. So many other historical channels fail when the narrator has a bad voice or poor reading style. Everything else could be perfect - but if the narrator’s voice is bad the content is unwatchable for me. Your voice is excellent. 💯
I never knew that the Mongols travelled that far. The medieval world was much more connected than I thought.
mongols conquered all the way to eastern europe so of course they passed bagdad....lol
Mongols were fighting German Teutonic knights, entire world of Islam, entire Chinese kingdoms, and Japanese samurai all at the same time. Busy people.
This is so unbelievably well done.... The voiceover the tone of the music, the level of the music... Visuals just top notch... Wow!... I'm so impressed
Excellent work here Sir
I just really want to say how great these videos are - this is definitely one of my most favourite channels in all of youtube. The music, the art, the storytelling, the sound effects, the topics and themes, everything is so well done, interesting and entertaining, I legit got chills watching this video. I'm very glad to see how much this channel has grown and how many subscribers it now holds, though I think you deserve even more.
Thanks so much!
The production of this is absolutely insane. The doom and epic merciless hatred you convey in the music and visuals creates such an overbearing atmosphere. Absolutely top notch.
It is actually amazing that KZhead has content like this for free. This is amazing. Great great great work.
This is one of the coolest things I’ve been seen! Got a sub and a fan here
The Stone Throwers are accurately portrayed in the artwork - amazing. Most people think they were early Trebuchets, but they were extremely affective catapults. Many men on ropes were needed to create the tension. Later, this was replaced by a machine...the Trebuchet was born.
Fun fact: The Mongols actually picked up the technology for trebuchets from the Europeans. It was one of the few places where the Christians had one up on the Eastern world.
@@furioussherman7265 The Mongols got the Stone Throwers from the Persians I know. The Stone Throwers were advanced catapults that were very powerful. The Mongols brought along Chinese men to run the machines during the Siege of Baghdad in 1260. It took a lot of men to work the machines, as they were needed to create the tension on the ropes. I'm under the impression that the Trebuchet is an improvement of the Persian Stone Thrower, the former is indeed a European invention. Check out this video by History Dose. The artwork actually depicts the Stone Throwers accurately, showing men on ropes to help work the machine. Hollywood movies always depict the Stone Throwers as Trebuchets - lazy story telling. www.youtube.com/watch? v=TPKX6K2u8Tc
Ooops, I linked this very video. I forgot this was the video where I made the comment.
This is just so so so well done. I also cannot believe I have never heard about this just absolutely insane and tragic historical period. Love your use of quotes-at some point I think many here would be interested in your research process! You turn what must be hours of research into such a compelling story (and of course the artwork is simply stunning). Felt my stomach literally drop when I saw the Mongols from the gates. All the best and thanks for what you do! Can't wait for the next one.
Am always coming back to watch this . Only wish it could be longer
dude! amazing work
I rarely comment but I have to say I love these video’s you guys make! I’m a huge geek about conquerors of ancient times and the way you are able to depict these events with the narration, music and artwork is amazing to say the least. It feels like I’m watching a movie!
I keep coming back to this video. Unbelievably well done from the art, to the writing, to the music.
What an incredibly entertaining way to learn about historical events, these are so good.
Just wanted to drop a comment saying I've subbed off of this video alone, I haven't watched your videos previously but man this was absolutely brilliant. Thank you so much
At that time, Georgia was a tributary state to the Mongol Empire, so, apart from paying a tribute, Georgians had to fight on the side of Mongols upon request. The Mongols assembled a huge army and marched toward the city of Baghdad in 1258; the Georgian King David VII, also known as David Ulu with a small Georgian army was part of the punitive campaign. It`s said that the Georgians overshadowed even the Mongols in savagery, putting to swords the denizens of Baghdad indiscriminately. The Arabs annexed Georgia back in the 7th century and managed to maintain their rule for four centuries; up until 12 century. They devastated the Georgian Kingdom on more than one occasion.
are u georgian?
Awesome as always! They way you describe events is so engaging compared to other history channels! Can’t wait for more!
Astonishing channel, the art, music and atmosphere really brings you back in time. What a catastrophic event, shows the evils of what human beings are capable.
Great video, top notch Immersion !
I want the sequel - this is so well done and I LOVE the artworks - we NEED A LOT MORE OF THIS in HISTORICAL DOCUMENTARIES!
Holy cow! This video felt like a documentary with your storytelling and paintings. Great video!
This video is so incredibly well made I actually had shivers down my spine for the majority. Really fucking amazing effort with this
I love history dose! Very interesting story! Thanks for sharing!
Wow. Retelling a historical horror story without flinching. Had read about it but this dramatic presentation really brings it home. Subscribed.
I’ve been waiting for months for you guys to make this video and it still blew my expectations away. Absolutely incredible, keep it going lads
AMAZING!!!!!!!!!! Great job my friend!!!!!!!