The Battle of 'Ain Jalut | Mongol vs. Egyptian Mamluk War
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After annihilating Baghdad, the Mongols ride to Syria, leveling and slaughtering defiant cities and their peoples. While the steppe warriors prepare to burn and conquer the ancient land of the pyramids, the mighty Mamluks of Egypt, led by Sultan Qutuz and Baybars, resolve to strike first at the Battle of Ain Jalut (معركة عين جالوت). Rather than break the Mongol Empire, Ain Jalut sparks decades of brutal war and brilliant statecraft between these worthy adversaries.
An enormous thank you to @TheJackmeisterMongolHistory for graciously providing me with scholarly advice, primary and secondary sources, and arms and armor references for the artwork.
The art is original and manually made by Joseph Feely. For a demonstration, see our speed painting playlist: • Speed paints
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WHEN ARE YOU DOING MAORI HISTORY?
great video! one of your best.
I have been in love with history ever since I knew what it was and I can proudly say nothing immerses me like your videos. One of the best videos yet, cant wait for another one whichever topic it is.
Speech of qutuz and baybar in reply to mongol threat : And the wonder of wonders,that lions should be subjected to threat from odious swine and perfidious hyenas, our steeds/horses hail from Egypt and our arrows are craved in Yemen and our swords are meticulously honed, posses a lethal elegance ,that is described in the east and the west, our knights become lions if they ride, our swords become cutters if they strike, our hearts stand resolute, and your threat hold no sway over us, as we are fortified by the strength bestowed upon us by The All Mighty and the Praiseworthy. If we disobey you, that is obedience and if we slay you, we reap bountiful rewards, and if we are slain then between us and heaven is an hour.
Awesome video!! Ever planning doing anything on Skanderbeg too in the future?
For those who wanna know the Mamluks waged 68 year war against the mongols and only lost one major battle! Thats straight up insane!
The two Chinese states of Jin and Song also fought the Mongols for about as long but had really poor winrates in battle. Really goes to show there is no substitute for training and discipline - the Song may have been way richer and bigger than the Mamluks, but their government made the fatal mistake of thinking that giving conscripts high quality gear would be enough to make them effective. This obviously didnt work, and it actually made things worse when their soldiers would desert to the Mongols who actually did give them proper training to effectively use their shiny equipment.
Only against the Ilkhanate, which wasn't even the strongest. The Yuan dynasty Mongol army would have beaten the Mamluks.
@@ElBandito Yuan were infantry heavy and relied heavily on Chinese and Korean vassals. They would be too slow to effectively fight the Mamluks. The Ilkhanate already probably could've done better if it didn't have its attention divided. Really the Mamluks were better at the political game on top of being better on the field.
@@perrytran9504 The Chinese and Korean vassals were mostly used when attacking other settled Asian nations. Against nomadic Mongol powers, such as the Ogodei-Chagatai alliance led by Khaidu, the Yuan dynasty relied on mostly cavalry + early gunpowder weapons.
@@ElBandito Fair point. But I still don't think the slight differences between their cavalry and the Ilkhanate's would really change anything.
Arguably, Baybars and his successors defeated the Mongols because he was more like Genghis than his own descendants. Born in chaos, sold into slavery, ascended to power with ruthless efficiency…Baybars might be the Mongols’ greatest antagonist of all time.
Mongols at their prime had no equal.
Forged in fire, came out iron. Fearless and determined to meet strength with strength, which was the Mongol way. When flesh meets iron, flesh gives way. When iron meets iron......that was Baybars against the infidel Mongol foe.
@@ochomunna270 Loved the way you put it. Indeed, the Mongols had met their match.
Bro was living protagonist canon story
@@netaji-thebritishslayerAlauddin khilji and his general Zafer Khan of India beat Mongols ass so bad when they were in their prime.
I feel like Baybars story would be perfect for a mini series or a full movie because it has such a great "revenge story" angle with the mongols.
U think Hollywood will make the middle east story movie as a hero?
@@haziqhaziq9416 Unlikely, but not unheard of. Check out 'Lion of the desert' and 'the wind and the lion' for two examples of Hollywood putting a 'middle east' guy as the hero and even getting the top actors of the day to play the leads. But as for the Lord Panther (thats what Baybars means btw), I think the Turks have recently made a TV serial of his life and it looks quite good
@@haziqhaziq9416 If they make him trans, they will
That would be awesome. But only if they is a blue haired non-binary pansexual trans LG4kUHDTV+ Baybar of course.
@@rangerstedfast not trans but more like a black women thats how they'll make the movie
Anyone who was able to defeat the Mongols is commendable. Had the Mongols been able to summon the full forces of the Khanates together, they certainly would've been able to take all of the Middle East and north Africa. They no-doubt proved to be a force to be reckoned with before the empire fell.
They sent an army numbering something like 100,000 troops in 1299 and still failed. Keep in mind that invasion forces are also limited by how many troops you can supply in an area.
@@lastword8783 still, never fully committed because of their open conflict with the Golden Horde. Every time the Ilkhanate threatened the Levant, Baibars would use diplomacy to threaten them elsewhere. Infighting was the Achilles’ heel of mongols. But yeah, the Mamluks were great soldiers, that cannot be understated Mtz
@@lastword8783 Also the larger an empire becomes the more fractured it is. Unity is almost impossible over vast distances during this time.
The Mongol Empire was unstoppable in the first half of the 13th century when it was still a concentrated empire with great leadership Genghis, Subutai, Mukhulai, Jebe, etc. in the latter half many kingdoms managed to beat them such as the Vietnamese, Turks (Bahri & Khalji Mamluks, Javanese (Majapahit), Japanese
@@nenenindonu Vietnam, Java, and Japan deserve special attention as they were invaded by the strongest khanate, the Yuan. Full access to gunpowder, siege engineers, experienced shipwrights, and China's enormous manpower and economy. Geographically they all lucked out in at least one way, Korea and Burma were not so lucky. But there is still always something to be said about resisting a (on paper) superior opponent.
Baybars was also a consummate diplomat, able to negotiate treaties that harmed his opponents while benefiting himself. Furthermore, he was prudent in his choices, only engaging the Il-Khanate on his own terms and whittling away its cli- ents when the il-khan was occupied elsewhere. His actions were impressive by any standard, but when one considers that he did this while simultaneously jockeying the literally cutthroat world of Mamluk politics, one must rank him as one of the greatest leaders in world history even though relatively few people today know the name. Baybars.
Baybars is definitely one of the most underrated figures in history. From refugee-slave to beating back the Mongols and Crusaders, his arc is just amazing.
You’re right I watched another video about him and I could’ve sworn he was two people, its like he did nothing else but fight rule and sleep. He must have been a energetic person surrounded by efficient allies. What was the worlds last epic ruler you think?? I’d say Churchill last epic good guy.
@@dustintacohands1107 Funny you say he was two people - there were in fact two "Baibars" at this time in the Mamluks' command. Only one of them was responsible for all this deft maneuvering though.
@@HistoryDose great video but you missed a golden chance to mention qutuz and bayber poem in response to the Mongolian threat…it’s well known worldwide and one of the best written replies..
@@dustintacohands1107 Winston Churchill is the personification of evil. He had countless numbers of my ancestors and country folk murdered out of spite and incompetence. Good riddance to that human filth.
If I learned one thing in all my hours in CK3, it's that succession is the greatest threat to any empire. Crazy to think how many times succession was at fault. Great video as always and I'm glad to see you guys back in action!
It is good for world history that the Mongol Empire shattered like Alexander's - he at least showed generosity when dealing with defeated foes, the Mongols only did so if you never picked a fight at all. Imagine if they had the administrative capacity of Rome instead - no predicting what a couple hundred more years of focused campaigning or promoting loyalty with their subjects could have accomplished. Instead their standard method of ruthless intimidation started to backfire when any neighbors left became so concerned they would rather gamble on defense than ally with them under any circumstances.
Its the bannerlord guy 😮
@perrytran ehm no alexander was NOT generous to defeated foes in fact he was exactly like the mongols to defeated foes. A few examples when he succeeded his father there were a lot of greek cities who rebelled and he annihilated them in fact the ancient city of Thebes was completely wiped off the map he killed most of the inhabitants then sold the rest to slavery! And he always did this to cities that resisted. Another example is the city of Tyre who also bitterly resisted him for almost a year and when he finally broke in he did the same. People like to exaggerate what the mongols did out of proportions because they are not as civilized as others at the time but war was usually genocidal in the old days and given the mongols were certainly more cruel than others but not to the extent people think. Also Genghis Khan intentionally spread false rumors of brutality about his own army so he can intimidate cities into surrendering without fighting.
@@yohannessintayehu1217 everyone was like that during that time
Dictatorships eliminate anyone capable of being a successor.
As someone born and raised in the middle east. Qutuz was always touted as a great hero and warrior, who got unfortunately betrayed due to politics but his will still remained intact to rebuff the Mongol invasion… I personally was never taught about Baybars, I didn’t even knew he existed until I watched this video.
Same, the kings and generals video on this battle didn't mention Baybars either
really? I only knew Baybars lol.
baibars was a kipchak turk, how he managed to defeat the mongols was bc he was also a nomad steppe born into horse archery like the mongols & also used the steppe nomad feigned retreat the mongols were infamous for. baibars actually would've probably looked more like kazakhs & kyrgyz whom also share mongoloid appearance, his descendants in kazakhstahn still speak of him to this day
@@benjamindo8142 as they should, he sounds like a very smart and tough general.
مسلسل الطاهر بيبرس بطولة عابد فهد , معروف جدا
To be able to defeat both the mongols and the crusaders while being attacked on both sides, you have to be tough , the mamluks are my favorite when in comes to medieval armies.
The mongols were always outnumbered but still dealt heavy casualties
@@abhilashdas2460 No they were not !!, in the first battle of homs and the second battle of homs, they outnumbered the mamluks, but they were defeated, the mongols were known for thier military might, and that might was composed of using horse archers in greater numbers then thier opponents, as well as the fake retreat tactics, but when in comes to close range combat, it was hard for them to win, and that what the mamluks realized and used their tactics against them and forced them into a melee,
The thing is the crusades and the mongols have different and, often times, conflicting interest with each other. The crusaders just wanted to secure the holy land while the mongols are more interested in conquering everybody. As mentioned in the video their alliance wouldve never worked at all. If for some reason they did work, the europeans are less interested in the holy land by that point and so the crusaders wont be in their full strength.
@@raouflamri1172 a already divided mongol empire u mean.
@@netaji-thebritishslayer It's funny, you are talking as if the islamic empire was at its full strength, the Muslims were divided, and amidst a civil war, even inside the mamluk dynasty, political fighting was going while the mongol invasion was happening, so that's not an excuse for the mongols to be halted and defeated multiple times
Its amazing as well as terrifying to imagine just how many empires the Mongols single handedly destroyed .
Great stat for being the most evil bunch of mass murderers that ever lived.
Amazing because a lot of empires destroyed by Mongol easily, terrifying because the way they did
Huge empires!!
Mongolia must pay reparations
So many lives lost it notably reduced the catbon footprint for many centuries
The fact that the mongols were AFTER the crusades is insane to me for some reason it seems impossible that they were so powerful but it’s true
There were crusades both before and after the mongols.
The Mongols were really good at moving large amounts of men over long distances because they were pulling with them a great number of animals at all times. And then their strategic trickery was so powerful. For some reason they managed to use the same kind of baiting strategies over and over again and armies would fall for it.
Indeed something that also was like woah wtf to me was that the timurid conquests happened soon after 😭 feel bad for my ancestors
The crusades were still on-going. Baibars was actually the one who finally kicked out the crusaders from Middle East, but they would still continue elsewhere in Europe, before finally ending after several failed crusades against the Ottoman empire.
@@epicsho Baybars was in North Africa - not the Middle East. The crusaders continued to hold and utilize Mediterranean port cities in North Africa during Baybar’s rule. Half of the Crusades were successful in establishing Crusader states for centuries all throughout the Levant. And the Ottoman Empire didn’t exist until nearly half a century after the last crusade. Go be incorrect somewhere else. 9th crusade was 1270, declaration of Ottoman Empire 1299 but true formation and establishment of borders not until around 1343.
Can you please do mongol invasion of Delhi sultanate
Timurid invasion you mean?
@@buffdude4281 mongols also tried to invade
Ultra Angry Khalji noises
@@buffdude4281 No before that there where Turks ruling called the dehli sultanate they where before timurid khilji his predecessor and his Punjabi general Zafar khan kicked mongol asses several times. They even made towers filled with mongol heads that still visible today. Btw timurid wasn’t a mongol he was a Turk who looked up to them.
@@buffdude4281 he means Chagatai Khanate invasion
Nothing but respect for the Mamluks!! The destruction of Baghdad set the world back by centuries.
Destruction of Baghdad checked the Islam. You think Baghdad could influence shores of England, Japan or China? lol
Facts hugalu went over board there I mean jesus why the need to destroy even the library
@@minatodroger7890 the Tigris river ran black from all the ink.
THANK YOU
Sure
Man, Hulagu really knows how to write intimidating letters.
It’s probably my favorite Mongol letter in terms of sheer chills factor, and one of the rare times the Mongols aren’t able to make good on their threats
Which, in a way, makes the boldness of the Mamluks all that more impressive.
you should read the mamluke reply, turned his words aginst him so nicely
Words of a disbelieving infidel are weak and ultimately meaningless doomed to failure.
As far as i know it was written by captured muslim poets the original letters in arabic are very very poetic and well written
Berke Khan: "Mongols are killed by Mongol swords. If we were united, then we would have conquered all of the world." What an equally badass and mournful line.
I love the way you compose immages with the music and sound effects it really brings it to life
Man, the way this video was crafted is absolute perfection, legit had me captivated the whole time. Amazing work.
ABSOLUTELY LOVING THE MONGOL SERIES AND EVERYTHING ELSE YOU'VE BEEN DOING!! so full of intrigue and intensity! Would absolutely love if you could cover the very lesser known Mongol Invasion of Java, one of the , if not the only case where the Mongols were defeated through sly trickery
Amazing work bro. this channel brings history alive, and it’s very compelling and informative at the same time. Keep up the great work.
The production quality of this!! Blew me awayyyyyy. Love all of your guys’ videos but man this was great. I can feel the passion and enjoyment you guys have making these.
Yay, more Mongol related material! Excellent artwork and narration as usual.
You guys have a real talent for storytelling! You guys could do the exploits of Timur justice!
Love the channel! It is FAR and away the best storybook type of history channel thats online. Keep it up!😊
Finally. I have been waiting for about a year for this follow up to the Mongol destruction of Baghdad, which was absolutely brilliant.
More than anything, my impression from history was that Baibars turned war with the mongols (or, frankly, war in general) into a science. Where his eastern islamic neighbours were careless and arrogant, he studied them and the geography. Pragmatism won out over glory-seeking for its own sake. If only more leaders in the past and present were like him.
Geography was the Mongols biggest weakness. Their greatest strength was having 3 to 5x as many calvary units as their enemies and luring them into traps to be encircled and then destroyed by arrow barrages. In their later conquests, when doing more conventional fighting, they relied on sheer manpower more than anything and that is how they ended up getting soundly defeated on multiple occasions. Once combat evolved and their horse strategies were figured out, you started to see them get defeated more and more around their empire and even smaller city states beginning to fight back. Also, the later conquests by them relied heavily on slaves. They would take people from the conquered areas and force them to walk along with the army and fight. This ended up slowing down the fast and agile force from previous generations. They used to be able to sweep across an area rather quickly. This allowed them to take city state after city state without them being able to rally together. Now, due to having a very large walking army these areas had ample time to send word and get backup from other regions of their empire to have a much larger force to face the Mongols head on. Plus, the Mongols are the attackers in these situations where defenders always have the advantage if planning properly.
He is also a Kipchak Turk, and he is also from the steppes.
Nobody does history the way this channel does. Dude brings you there, gives a sense of how real this stuff is. Thank you
Best History Channel on KZhead! Keep them Coming!
Oh We have been Waiting for this one.
Thank you, you do great work... Been waiting on this one from you💯💯💯💯
This is honestly some of the best history content on youtube
Thank you for shedding light on the Mongol civil wars. The civil wars are a big part of our history due to the fact that we Mongols have been fighting amongst each other for thousands of years. Even today we are still divided. Your video is an work of art!
Seems like it's time to talk about reparations.
Chingis Khan needs to come back
What divides Mongolians today
اول هزيمه لكم علي يد الجيش الذي خرج من مصر تحالفتم مع الحملات الصليبه ضد الجيوش المسلمه كم هم خبثاء الأوربين
@@justman4891that's what the wrongdoers will ask but everyone will pay their price of sins done in this temporary world.
Your voice, man. Sets a chill behind the scene. Thanks for the work.
Amazing quality, the sound effects and audio balance is spot on - really compelling content
Love this channel, one of the most polished hidden gems on KZhead. Do you ever plan to do any videos on early Islamic empire battles, specifically the conquests carried out under the leadership of Khalid Ibn Walid? Would make an incredible series I think ❤
We had a thought to cover the Islamic conquest of Egypt!
It would be difficult to do in this style, as depicting the Companions of the Prophet is considered blasphemous.
@@HistoryDosedo it ! Or how Islam spread in Arabia that would be cool
@@epicsho Is not blasphemous to depic the faces of the sahaba as long as the content stayes true to history, it is only a depiction not a real representation. Only the prophet and his progeny's depiction is impermissible.
@@HistoryDose i would also love a video on Khalid ibn Walid. But as another commenter mentioned, he lived during the time of the prophet and sahaba. Please make a video about him, but you have to to first understand the rules of depicting the prophet (no picture and voice) and sahaba (a little more complicated because of difference of opinion).
This is probably my favorite story in history I grew up with the animated film Lion of Ain Jalut that focuses on Qutuz the nephew of Khawarizmian sultan Jalaludeen. Your videos are amazing keep up the great work.
kzhead.info/sun/q9aecZmLjaWHZYU/bejne.htmlfeature=shared The English dub of the movie is pretty bad and deleted a couple scenes from the original Arabic film but here is a link if anyone is curious
Once again, excellent rendition . Love your channel and the your narration! Wish they taught history in school the way you do!!
Superb Storytelling. Professional Grade Presentation.
Just found your channel and I am devouring this content. Excellent presentation and the art is fantastic!
Thanks! I’ve wanted to do a Dillinger episode for a while now, too!
Been waitin' for this!!
This channel is honestly amazing. The way things are explained, how the art looks, all of it is simply amazing. Much love from Washington state!
France: "We must help in the fight against the Mongols despite our precarious position" England: "We just do the opposite of what France does."
I’ve been waiting for this one !!!
More! More! If you ever cover the crusades, that would be awesome!
Fun fact: When Kitbuqa sent his nephew to Damascus, the latter was ambushed by a contingent of Crusaders from the Lordship of Sidon, in the uppermost fringe of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The Mongols retaliated by levelling the city of Sidon, rendering the territory so useless that the Lord of Sidon had no choice but to sell it to the Knights Templar, eventually joining the order himself. It was perhaps the only time in recorded history that the Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Mongol Empire had any direct contact.
Never knew of this! Thanks for the info
Thank you for making these man...i wouldve never known about these mongol battles with the assassins and Baghdad had it not been for you. History was always my favorite subject in school. These are absolutely amazing.
The tone of your videos really is unique, great job.
Excellent work here Sir.
Would love to see you do more in depth smaller, lesser known conflicts/campaigns, even notable raids or skirmishes of two powerful dynamic foes just like others do for Rome & Sassanids or England and France.
Stoked for this one!!
yet another amazing video filled with amazing art, sound design, and of course, your lovely voice!
Incredible as always! Mongol videos are always my favourite, keep it up lads 👍🏼
The Mongol warning messages contain some of the most badass quotes of all time.
As always gents thanks for the great knowledge artwork and vibes🤙🏾✊🏾
These videos draw me in. They are so powerful with booming drums and stirring music. I can’t get enough!!
Love your videos. Both of you do amazing work. Also a great rec. “Battle of Zama” Carthaginian elephants would be a great way of representing true psychological horror in war, especially when the elephants go rogue!!
*Just Imagine The World has Fallen to The Mongol Hoof* How many could say they had the balls to physically go towards the Mongols and defeat the mongols in open combat while they are at their peak I couldnt imagine a greater victory in such an unlikely battle
Mongols were not at their peak bro,after the death of mongke khan,they got fractured and hence were beaten.
Yes really crazy to try and imagine what it must have been like, with Baghdad razed to the ground, to the whole region it would have been as if to us New York City had been wiped out, the Mongols must have appeared unstoppable
@@netaji-thebritishslayer false It was actually after the Battle of Ain jalut where the mongols actually fractured into the 4 states During the time of monke the empire was still technical unified although opposing factions were created across the administration It only truly split after khublai took power
@@YTLSF to the muslim world it pretty much felt like the end times With crusaders to the west and mongols across the east... It was honestly a brutal time to be alive Many people wonder why islam lost its technological and innovative edge and dove into spiritual and religious conservatism This is why, it was a brutal end to a scientific and innovative golden age and much of what was left was used to fuel wars of liberation against outside forces for centuries
It would have happened sooner or later regardless.
Brilliant story telling. Well done and thank you.
Amazing as always !
Masterful storytelling as always. Bravo! Keep up the good work.
I recently finished reading the book 'Kublai Khan' by John Man (can very very much recommend reading it). It actually touches upon this battle, the battle of Goliaths spring. Very interesting to read how many different factors led to the breakdown and eventual defeat of the Mongols army in the Levant.
There is no way a name as NPC as John Man exists.
Is it a story following an individual or is it a history book? Does it touch on the invasion of Japan?
@@dcarson89 Both. It describes the person of Kublai in detail throughout his life and how he transformed the empire with his administration. While touching upon all the important events that happened during his reign. It describes his conquest of southern China, Tibet, the two invasions of Japan (and all the Japanese preparations to defend their homeland, not just the hurricanes), the failed invasion of Vietnam, the failed invasion of Burma, the invasion of Java, the destruction of Baghdad and invasion of the Levant, the wars between the Mongol empires and much more. The author really manages to convey his enthousiasm and knowledge of the topic in a comprehensible way.
@thax321 thanks for the extensive answer to my question, feels like a nice Xmas present for my wife to get me
Always a good day when History Dose uploads a video.
Love all the illustrations. Well done.
Been waiting for this, history dose you’re the man. Respect to Baybars and Qutuz. Arguably saved the entire world from mongol domination.
Every vietnamese, indonesians, islamic countrytmen, japanese, eastern europeans , indians claim as such. "We saved the world from mongol domination". So who's the exact saviour?
Out of respect for the Egyptian Army, you mean two people, nothing in front of 30 thousand Egyptian warriors in the battle of Goliath.
Baybars and Kitbuga hailed from nomadic ancestral backgrounds, with Baybars tracing his lineage to the Kipchak tribe and Kitbuga having roots in the Naiman tribe. Remarkably, these two tribes are now integral components of the Kazakh nation. What makes their historical connection intriguing is the fact that despite sharing a nomadic heritage, they followed different faiths-Baybars practicing Islam and Kitbuga adhering to Christianity. Furthermore, they led the military forces of distinct nations, with Baybars commanding Arab forces while Kitbuga led the Mongols.
Both were Turkic tribes😎
Nation named kazakh started existence 400 years after Baybars death and there 6 other Kipchak nations so it’s not just about you my friend
@@papazataklaattiranimamthe mongols were not Turkic people. They were mongoloids hence they were called mongols. They did not call themselves mongols.
@@Haijwsyz51846 naimans are not mongolian .Before you say something look at the Tribes which one Temuçin has united .they were not all Mongolian .
@@korkufilmleriscarymovies2283 The word mongol means the people led by genghis khan and his descendants. It does not mean a race. Yes, the tribes genghis khan united and led included Iranic peoples such as the Tajiks and Kazakhs and maybe some turkic peoples as well.
I love this Channel man. You and your brother are amazing 🤙🏼
BRO!!! your videos are SICK!!!
Then, on 3 September 1260, the Mongol forces met the army of the Egyptian Mamluks at the Spring of Goliath ('Ayn Jaliit) north of Jerusalem. The Mongol army contained a large admixture of Turks. The ethnic composition of the Mamluk army was very similar, in that it was mostly recruited from Turkish and Caucasian slaves, who had been purchased, trained and emancipated, whence the name: mamluk, 'possessed'. Spuler, B. (1977). The disintegration of the caliphate in the east. In P. Holt, A. Lambton, & B. Lewis (Eds.), The Cambridge History of Islam (The Cambridge History of Islam, pp. 141-174). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
greatly appreciate the extra information, very fascinating.
Not possesed more like owned, as in slaves
@@1zc5 ah, as in the malmuks being a "possession", makes sense.
No the army was mainly Egyptian not Turks, you are dumb if you think the army was anything but Egyptians there were some Turks yes but not even close to the majority.
Mamlūk authors almost always refer to their Sultanate as " the state of the Turks " ( dawlat al - atrāk dawlat al - turk/ al - dawla al - turkiyya ) . They usually seem to be aware of the fact that the reign of the “ Turks "
Right! There are accounts from Crusaders lamenting their continued defeat at the hands of the "Turks." You'll notice this in the artwork Joe made for this one; the two front-facing braids and the clothing worn by Qutuz and Baybars are Turkic in origin.
I absolutely love your attention to details
Yes they are turks and others are circassian I learn that a mongol and a german became ruler also in mamluk egypt
@@yacinezidani426 really? Who are those Mongol and German men?
In other words, when the Ottomans conquered Mamluk Egypt (even though at that time it was under the rule of Circassians), they also technically conquered the original Türkiye. Funny how things work, eh? Fact is oftentimes stranger than fiction.
absolutely epic, as always
Man I’ve been waiting so long for a new video that I’ve watched the old ones countless times whew thanks so much for the graphics the music the narration for everything as it is amazing HISTORY DOSE
another amazing Mongol video, been waiting on this one every day since Baghdad.
Mongols really were the world's real-life equivalent to Orcs. It always surprises me that they have modern fanfare. Hell, there's even a restaurant "Genghis Grill."
There's even a Genghis Khan day in Mongolia.
@@VinnyUnion I guess that makes sense since he basically put mongolia on the map, but i wonder if they acknowledge how heinous they were
@@blakebailey22 who knows. To most nations their past leaders are usually glorious and an achievement in itself to be prideful with. Depends on the environment as well. Mongolia is still mostly nomadic and very culture based so the majority likely doesn't bother with philosophical good and bad. If you did mention a Mongolian nomad whether they feel guilty about their predecessors destroying Baghdad and slaughtering countless civilians, they'd probably look at you like an alien and just tell you quit standing around get to work with cutting the meat. So, yeah. Cultural thing, Genghis Khan day to celebrate in a familial sense. Nothing too grand. That's what I'm guessing at least.. of course there's a rather large city as well with plenty of modernized citizens and they may think differently about the question depending on whether they've been westernized/influenced to think unnecessarily critically. Actually! They do have a very extensive Khan museum! I'm pretty sure they do in fact learned about most things and if not more! I highly doubt that the Mongolian education system is anything like the rest of the world where details are being left out. I'd assume that details and whatnot are being extensively taught. At this point I'm rambling but I've been once or twice wondering what would happen if China or Russia invaded Mongolia. I'm not sure what the answers were on quora exactly but something like it not being worthwhile or something.
Superb video as always! if you plan on covering more Mongol conquest history, there still more about when they tried to conquer much of Southeast Asia, from Dai Viet and Champa (Vietnam) and to Singhasari and Majapahit Empire (Indonesia). much interesting events and battles happened during those moments and would be an honor if you can cover a piece of history from S.E.A 🙏
We’ll definitely do more Mongol episodes throughout their history! Thanks for donating!
Lmao at first I thought this was a shit ton of money but it turns out it’s only $3.15, nonetheless still a donation!
@@AveragePakistaniChild congrats, you just figure out how donation and currency works. mom would be proud
A worthy addition to the most important battle in history. God may you grant great subs and patrons to this incredible channel.
Great video, keep up the good work 😊
The Mamluks were among the very few enemies to defeat the Mongols in combat, and they were never conquered. The Mamluk institution had appeared in Islamic civilization in the eighth century as the Caliphs sought to create a military force that was loyal only to the Caliph and not to regional, tribal, or another personal ties. Most Mamluks were of Turkic origin, primarily because the Turks were viewed as better, or at least more natural, warriors than Persians and Arabs. Turks of nomadic origins possessed riding and archery skills from an early age, so that after purchasing them as slaves one only had to refine those skills. The Mamluks therefore became perhaps the most highly trained warriors in the medieval world. They seized power in Egypt in 1250 during the ill-fated Crusade of Louis IX (Saint Louis) and created a Sultanate that dominated Egypt and then Syria until the sixteenth century. The Mongol Art War, p.109
Yh but the Mongols were not the same by that time they wernt as unified, cunning and tactical what you must remember the descendants of genghis khan were born into wealth the kingdom was rich when they were conceived sort of like being born with a silver spoon, the armies of jebbah and subatai would of destroyed the mamluks
@tyriq7328 In the second battle of homs, the mongols brought a large army, and they outnumbered the mamluks, but in the end, they were defeated and they suffered a great lose of soldiers, you say that if it was the early mongol army, they would have won, nothing is certain. And you have to remember that even the Muslim nation was divided and amidst a civil war when the mongols begin their conquest into the region
@@raouflamri1172 Yes, you make a good point about Muslim unity. You can literally say the same thing about the sack of Baghdad that the Abbasid caliphate was in complete disarray and disunity way before the mongols came, and it stayed like this to at least till ain jalut.
@@tyriq7328 NA BRO EVERY PEST HAS ITS EQUAL IN THIS WORLD.
You make sure add caucasian
Great stuff as usual ! Mongolian history is among my favorite. It’s highly commendable that you give simple facts of historical accounts without inherent bias to any religion or group. Sadly that’s a rare talent these days.
Religion is main core of those battles
@@user-ox1mv7bw3unot the battles fought by the Mongols. Mongols let their conquered people believe and do as they did before as long as they submitted to the mongol rule and paid taxes. Often the mongols took the religion of the people they conquered.
Awesome as always 👏
I love everything about these videos but every one of them has the best sound with it drums and throat singing get me hyped for some reason.
I had known about this battle before, so I knew what was to come with it. As with a lot of big empires, the threat of fracturing and devolving into civil wars is a constant theme. The Romans have faced numerous civil wars that weakened it, breaking up at times and having to be reassembled. Imperial China had gone through this many times over. The Mongol Empire were no different. The cracks in unity of the Mongols appeared even while Genghis Khan was still alive. The rivalry between his sons was terrible and he went through great effort in squashing those problems. But he could do that. He was freaking Genghis Khan, the man that built up the Mongol army to what it was. His sons hated each other, and the rivalry would be great. The seeds of Mongol civil war were already sown long before Ain Jalut. All this however doesn't take away from the Mamluk victories over the Mongols. Facing a Mongol army tended to have bad things happen to their enemies. I was also disturbed by how the victory at Ain Jalut was being taken away from Qutuz who commanded this army. Yes, he got assassinated very shortly afterwards, but he led this battle.
Baybars led the vanguard so qutuz was commander but baybars played a crucial role.
I'm sure you've heard it before, however I just wanted to say how beautiful your artwork is. Did you qualify in an art major? If not, you definitely should.
It's a two-brother team! Joe does the art/editing; he's largely self-taught but has also learned from renowned concept artists and taken some online courses in digital art
What ever he has done, the art is beautiful. Many thanks! Also, how do you come up with ideas for new videos, are there specific areas of history which you find more interesting?
@@HistoryDose please tell him he does a wonderful job
@@felixshetty4986 thanks! also be sure to check out the Live Q&A episodes and Speedpaint playlist to see and hear about Joe's art process and all the research that goes into each piece. I think any history can be compelling--my interests are pretty wide-ranging! We have an enormous document of prospective topics that cover millennia and every continent
Well done! Always a pleasure to find an accurate representation of history.
I was waiting for this one!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Your vids are so awesome keep it up!!
Hulagu was a madman! Great video! You should do something on Saladin too!
Yeah but at the end those madmen got defeated in the Muslim lands, same will happen to Israel
The Mongols are almost always the like John Wick of empires in history stories like this "What did you do?" "Nothing, I just killed a couple of envoys-" "You killed his envoys?!!"
great as always!
Can’t wait!
Respect Mamluks , Knights and Samurai 👍👍👍 !!!
Mamluks would've defeated the the dishonorable knights
the mongols and the crusaders trying to team up is one of the wildest things i can imagine
search for a video titled: when invasion is not British but Mongol
still both defeated by muslim allahu akber
@@MUSLIM.BOSS69 ALLAHU AKBAR☝🫀💚🫀🕋🫀🇵🇸🫀🏳🏴
Great work guys once again
I hear that Drop of water and I know I'm in for a journey into history... so good to have you back!
Absolutely love you guys and your channel, KERP IT UP
This battle maybe a small one but this battle changed the course of history. Mongols were never the same after this. Baibars was a brilliant general though, especially what he did to the Seventh Crusade.
I got to say, I appreciate you drawing the "Cuman" mask on the heavy Mongol at 6:24 - despite being associated with the Cumans and Kipchaks (mostly thanks to Kingdom Come Deliverance), the specimens those masks were based on instead belonged to the Mongols all along.
I’m very glad someone noticed! Yes, more recent research has shown that the masks appeared on the western steppe around the time of the Mongol invasions. At the very least, it’s plausible that Mongols might’ve crafted or pillaged some along the way
The samurai face mask and cuman or mongol look badass and fascinating
@@muhacnt7988 Indeed,my friend
@@HistoryDose what about depiction of Qutuz and Baybars as middle eastern when they were Turks with Asiatic looks?
@@orton4357yep. Qutuz & baybars were kipchak turks like today's kazakhs
Wow I just found out about this battle a few days ago. Great video!
I am discovering more and more history thanks to this channel
Baybars had the same appearance as the Mongols. In all the videos in the English-speaking space, his appearance is shown as either a Turk, or a Persian, or an Arab; he was not a Caucasian, he was a Kipchak, a slave from the territory of modern Kazakhstan.
great video but you missed a golden chance to mention qutuz and bayber poem in response to the Mongolian threat…it’s well known worldwide and one of the best written replies..
Wt did he right bro ??
@@netaji-thebritishslayer this is majority of the speech by saif ad din qutuz bro: And the wonder of wonders,that lions should be subjected to threat from odious swine and perfidious hyenas, our steeds/horses hail from Egypt and our arrows are craved in Yemen and our swords are meticulously honed, posses a lethal elegance ,that is described in the east and the west, our knights become lions if they ride, our swords become cutters if they strike, our hearts stand resolute, and your threat hold no sway over us, as we are fortified by the strength bestowed upon us by The All Mighty and the Praiseworthy. If we disobey you, that is obedience and if we slay you, we reap bountiful rewards, and if we are slain then between us and heaven is an hour.
Bro, the sound design and the drawings are insane in these videos!