In this first part of a two part video, I show the components of our new hybrid, turbojet engine. I also compare this engine with its predecessor and explain the improvements. We will post part two in a few days. In that video, we fire up the engine and measure its performance.
Previous video - • Hybrid Jet Engine
Next video - • Testing the Hybrid Jet...
One of the best upcoming channels on KZhead. Thanks for the great content
That's great to hear. I think we may be on the way.
@@TechIngredients you are absolutely! I cant get enough of this channels videocontent (exept the smokebombs maybe, ánd i am still waiting for the next video about how good or bad the fluidpumpaction will be with that six enormous neodyniummagnets around that fluidchannel? That was a great idea&making to watch en could only get greater so i can not wait longer to see more of it!)
I am very sure you are! This is indeed one of the last remaining high quality, original content channels and i hungrily wait for each video you put out there.
Agreed, LordSlak.
The smoke bombs were excellent (as well). Variety is the spice of life as they say.
To be honest, you have rekindled my desire to go back to college and finish my mechanical engineering degree. Your videos are informative, and are very interesting to watch.
what I really appreciate is the fact that he cools down the information enough to where someone like me with barely any mechanical engineering knowledge can understand it, yet he doesnt dumb it down to the point where youre losing a significant amount of important information
That's good. Even if you decide not to go that route its good that your enthusiasm for the field has increased.
learn it all here and not accrue a bunch of college debt to end up working at a gas station anyway
I'm interested in mechanical as a 2nd career as well. However, doubt I'd consider school. I would assume, like computer science, 95% of what I learned was not useful. The main thing I learned is confidence I could teach myself. However, if I studied under a prof I admired, that would be a different story. My biggest concern is that productivity is challenging in mechanical vs computer engineering.
I have just graduated with a mechanical engineering degree and it's one of the few degrees where most of the things you learn are actually things you do on a daily basis. Definitely worth it in my opinion
Remember to measure the thrust. I would like to see a comparison of the thrust of the EDFs alone vs. the jet engine assembly. Stay safe and I'm looking forward to see the next video.
Thank you! Luckily, we did that exactly. Before adding any fuel, we tested the EDFs by themselves and measured the thrust in the next upcoming video. Stay tuned :)
I'll be staying as tuned as possible! I love your channel. Thanks for sharing all your awesome projects :-)
I still can't believe this is a new channel. You guys are just the best! I truly hope you'll keep the format open and inviting and it the spirit of learning.
You know what, I've been looking for "this" video for years. Just having someone knowledgeable explain the building process and tinkering with a home made jet engine. What can I say. Thank you from the bottom of my heart!
You're welcome.
This channel is incredible. Definitely one of the best I've seen on KZhead. You are very talented at explaining how things work in a concise and easy to understand way. Thank you for doing this!
Thank you!
Gotta say, as a first year aerospace engineering student, I love that these videos are both accessible to someone who is just starting to learn these concepts but are also super informative and not just some wahoo playing with fire. Jet engines are not easy concepts to explain but you definitely make it seem intuitive.
Thank you.
You have some of the best content I have seen on KZhead. Thank you for sharing your knowledge!
Thank you so much for the quality content. You remind me of one of my favorite professors from back in college, it's really relaxing and informative to just sit back and watch your videos. By the way, whoever does your camera work knows what they're doing and they deserve recognition. Cameraman/woman, bravo! Great work on the engine, I've been messing around with the same concepts on my farm and so far I've got one hell of a leaf blower. Cheers!
Man, I wish he was my tutor back in college. Great way of explaining everything in a interesting & understandable way
Thanks, that's good to hear.
I love the amount of detail you go into in your videos
Really fun to watch! I love the way you explain things, makes it easy for me to understand.
Your videos are my favorite things on YT. Each time, not only do I learn something, but I am excited/deluded into thinking I might actually be able to try replicating some of them. Tremendous thanks for your efforts and willingness to share your deep/vast lore!
You're welcome and thanks!
Fascinating! I can't wait to see the followup. Keep up the great work!
I learnt more in these 13 minutes than I ever could have from someplace else.
Do you have a video where you discuss your work history/experience? I think it would be very interesting to hear how you've acquired the knowledge you have. You're clearly a very brilliant thinker and I love watching your videos!
Yeah, I'd be interested as well in knowing what/how/who/where Bet plenty of other folks would be interested in such a video as well
i was literally just searching for information on this exact setup! I was searching because I wanted to know if it was possible. I found a lot of answers in R/C hobby forums saying that "it's not possible due to parasitic loss." I was skeptical so it's awesome to see you're doing this!! Thanks! Excellent content!
They're wrong. Sometimes you just have to resort to testing an idea.
Sooo looking forward to the next one! Brilliant discussion of the idea, the parameters and where testing suggested adjustment. I'm now addicted 😋
This is fascinating. You've put so much thought into it. I'm interested to see how it turns out! Best of luck.
Thanks!
That is mega!! Can't wait to see the fruits of your labours in operation!!
This looks amazing. I am learning a lot from this on how I can modify my pulse jet system to factor in your improvements.
Thanks! We will cover a pulse jet in a future video. There will be some modifications to the fuel and air delivery system as well.
You're an inspiration to all the DIY scientists out here. Please keep it up.
This is almost the same principle of the '30 Campini Caproni Italian jet pioneers, great work very instructive, thanks for all your effort.
I can only strive to become as intelligent as yourself! thank you for your in depth descriptions and really explaining all outcomes and experience's you've had, thank you again and keep up the amazing work! Really looking forward to part two
Thank you! I think you'll like it.
I've followed you from you LPF forums posts. You have some damn good content and cool "toys" that few can build/use.
Thanks!
I've watched over a dozen of your videos back to back... Content is just absolutely amazing thank you so much for all of this information. You havent said your name yet though. You cought my attention with the boat... It was in the background... When you described the tesla battery i put my phone down. Subscribed by the end of it. Thank you again sir. Have a good evening as well.
Caught*
Thanks!
Awesome! It's inspiring to see a completely different take on building a jet engine and new systems being tested.
Thanks! By the way, we are nearing completion of a compact DIY turbo shaft engine for an up coming video.
Very interesting project. It brings back memories of my research when designing a completely new type of engine. Here are a few observations that may improve your understanding of what's going on....... 1) The electric "Prop in a Tube" RC model fan can not even come close to the pressure that you need. When you are creating additional "volume OR pressure" by burning fuel in a tube that is essentially "closed-off on one end" by the electric fan, you will simply put the fan blades into a "stalled" condition, which reduces the amount of oxygen available for combustion. The electric fans may be just fine when used as "starter motors", but they are not capable of generating much pressure, regardless of how much power you may be able to cram into them. 2) Combustion occurs much faster and more efficiently when you increase the pressure rather than just creating great wads of additional volume at lower pressure. Therefore, you must have a compressor that can generate high pressures without stalling. The higher the pressure is, the less physical space/length/volume you need to burn a given amount of fuel. 3) Military Jet engines are built the way they are because that's the only way they can make them work reliably. The Military really doesn't care much about efficiency, if you what anything even remotely efficient you will have to go to a Turbo-Fan engine, like the ones used on every commercial airliner. 4) Your engine will not have stable operation at higher outputs if you don't use something better than the electric fans you have now. They are the number one limiting factor. 5) You should check-out this combustion chamber design on Google...... SPRF "Stagnation Point Reverse Flow", unfortunately, most of the good research PDFs have been removed by Google and put on sale. 6) Your water jacket cooling is a good idea, but I would execute it differently. The most important thing to do is to keep ALL heat inside the engine. The engine should be insulated. Water injection should be used to keep peak combustion temperatures down to a safe level. 7) Axial Compressors/Turbines are really sexy, but they have a narrow operating range and are not very efficient when compared to a similar setup using positive displacement Vane or Screw Compressors/Motors. 8) The reason you need a variable outlet nozzle is because the compressor section has very limited pressure generating capabilities. The extra pressure that you would normally get from adding more fuel (after-burner) would stall the compressor, so you have to relieve that pressure by opening the nozzle. So, you still have the same pressure at the nozzle, but with more volume. This is not a factor when using positive displacement compressors/motors, they just make more pressure. . .
To begin, the axial fans are not optimized for compression. They tend to move a lot of air, but do not reach a very high velocity. This is best for electric-only thrust on an RC model. However, at very high settings the velocity becomes significant and potential compression is proportional to the square of the velocity. These particular fans are extremely powerful and each stage in the series arrangement is able to achieve 2 PSI gauge/stage. The higher the compression ratio, the more efficiently thermal energy can be converted into kinetic energy and with a fixed amount of mass, the higher the velocity and hence thrust. These electric motors do not achieve a high compression ratio, its actually quite low as jet engines go, but compression does occur and the thrust does increase. You are correct that we want the exhaust gasses to be as hot as possible. Possible is the operative word, without active cooling we nearly melted our first version of this engine. Some method of bypass cooling is necessary. We may elect to change from water to bleed air from the first fan to simplify the system. We may also convert from a steel flame tube to ceramic one allowing higher temps. My understanding of what is going on is reasonably clear. When you see part two, this may help to highlight the strategies and the principles.
The Combustor design that I referenced runs at substantially lower temps, you may want to look at that. The Ceramic Coating is excellent, the next step is concentric tubes with water between them, which will then be converted to steam, adding lots of "volume OR pressure", and further reducing peak temps. The efficiency gain/loss from the water is around zero. You will need a positive displacement water pump that can easily overcome the internal pressure of the engine, while at the same time providing accurate metering, which should be roughly 50% water, by weight, when using liquid Gasoline/Diesel/Kerosene. The volume of water is related to the BTU content of the fuel. As far as combustion temps, I think I wasn't clear enough. The object is to convert temperature into "volume OR pressure". The fuel is actually creating mostly Super Heated Steam as a byproduct of combustion. Adding water just creates more steam without as much Super-Heat. Yes, that is Steam that is melting that metal tube. When you create Super-Heated Steam you are wasting energy. The excess heat only has one thing to expand to create "volume OR pressure", and that is the nitrogen in the intake air that was NOT part of the combustion process, so all that excessive heat doesn't have any additional materials that can covert that heat into additional "pressure OR volume", that's where the water comes in. Gases increase "pressure OR volume", with additional heat added, at a linear rate. But, water increases in volume 1600 times when it flashes into steam. Unfortunately, there's no free lunch, it takes some serious BTUs to take water from "room temperature" to ABOVE 100 degrees C. But if you really could use some temperature management, you may as well take away some of that heat with water, so that you will add enough BTUs to the water to get it close to flashing into steam, which can then be used as additional material for "expansion OR pressure". Therefore better utilizing the available Super-Heat contained in the combustion steam. "Theoretically", there should be no reason for the exhaust temps to be over ~105 C, if they are, you are just throwing away energy, but actually pulling this off is another story. I designed an engine that comes close to this, but it's for rotational power, not jet propulsion, and, believe it or not, it uses 200 year old steam engine technology to achieve ~80% efficiency. Which brings me back around to the "keeping the heat in the engine" thing, this is simply an efficiency thing. You don't necessarily want the peak exhaust temps to be as high as possible. If you will read-up on the "Stagnation Point Reverse Flow" Combustor you will see that there are other factors involved in the combustion process besides just "peak temps". Certain parts of the combustion process take substantially more TIME to complete, this releases more energy where you want it, rather than blowing flames out of the tail-pipe. If you can see flames, you are wasting energy and loosing power. The higher the compression ratio is, the faster the combustion process will occur, it will be totally complete, way before reaching the tail-pipe, AND, you can either have a smaller combustion chamber, OR, you can burn more fuel. If you are heating the surrounding air to ridiculously high temps, your engine will be inefficient. That energy needs to be going towards making something expand in volume or increase in pressure. You will never have more pressure at the exhaust nozzle than the compressor can create, just more volume. My engine design has a compressor that can create over 400psi @ 500cfm and creates super heated steam at 400psi, which is expanded (and therefore reduced in pressure) in 6 stages. The exhaust is at, or slightly below, atmospheric pressure, and is already mostly water. The remaining steam/water vapor is condensed and recycled back into the engine, the few odd remaining exhaust gases are vented to the atmosphere, which are mostly CO2, which is good for anything that's green. No water is lost or has to be added, the water generated during the combustion process is in excess of the losses to the atmosphere. The unwanted pollutants in the other odd exhaust gases are virtually non existent. You are literally building a Steam Engine, (of sorts), thinking of it in this way may be beneficial to you . . .
Excellent production! Looking forward to the completed V 2.0
Every video in this channel's library is fantastic. Perfect mix of technical information, practical building and good editing. Keep up the excellent production; I imagine this channel's subscriber base will grow rapidly. Tech Ingredients is my new favourite channel!
Thank you!
You're very welcome, and thank you for your content, especially as I know the work involved and the cost of your equipment!
Thank you for making this video and more thoroughly pointing out how things work. Really interesting!
Sure!
As a Civil Engineer this is itching my internal mechanical engineer self. Why didn't I just become a mechanical engineer? Love this content! Thank you
You're welcome!
My inner nerd gets so fascinated and excited in these videos, looking forward to see the version 2 working, keep up with this amazing project.
As an aerospace student this is by far my favorite engineering channel on KZhead. I hope it grows so more people can get such good information quality and content.
Thank you. As we grow we will also be able to expand our production of new content. This takes time and money. We have dozens of projects mapped out and some in the works.
So excited for part 2!!! This is such a tease. Like your girl getting all dolled up to go out with you, and then letting you know she has her period, or a UTI.
Great! I'm not sure about the analogy.
@@TechIngredients Like you're all ready to get some when you get home later, and then you find out. It's not happening. So you've got to look at her all night looking beautiful knowing you can't rip her sexy outfit off later, like you normally would. Same here. You get see all this cool tech you built, but no video of it running. Like I thought I was going to see, when I clicked on the video. Both a big tease. Get it now?
Oh, I got it the first time! Just being compared, even remotely, to a urinary tract infection made me a little "itchy"...if you know what I mean.
@@TechIngredients Lol As long as it didn't make it burn when you went to the restroom. I think you're good. 🤣🤣🤣 Alright. Now stop chatting with all of us, and get to that video please. I can't wait. I love all the design improvements. I hope it all helps. 🙂
Oh my GOD such a tease! I REALLY want to see this in action RIGHT NOW. You've hyped me up so much with the description and the ammount of thought that went into this engine.
Imagine how excited he is! He needs to contain his excitement so he doesn't screw it up with the old get it done itis.
I feel the same....great stuff.
I wouldn't worry about him, He's never done anything half assed and doesn't seem like someone who would even consider it.
Brilliant work. Anxious to see the results.
Thanks! Just hold on a bit longer.
legit the amount of information in these videose is unfathomable.
Keep up the great work! So glad I found this channel.
Thanks!
You keep surprising me. I love to watch your video's. I really have a hard time finding appropiate words to express my appretiation of your work and knowledge. It may seem strange but - to be honest - I feel proud to know You, even if it is only knowing You from KZhead. The day I found your channel was one of the luckiest im my life. Thank You!
Wow, Thanks!
Very well explained Sir! You hardly find such detailed videos on youtube.
This is the kind of stuff I used to dream about doing as a kid and here you are doing it.
Me too!
Absolutely magnificent project. I can't wait to see more!
Awesome! You have thought about every little detail. Amazing.
I notice the original fan had stationary veins that are designed to reduce the vortex, this is at the expense of pressure ratio. The next step description is spot on. the stator is almost as important to building compression and volume as blade design attributes of each fan. It is easier to have both driven fans on same shaft design. You have to have data logger on both motors to tune the dual driven fans and the dual attribute makes it difficult to tune and not damage esc;s or explode fans. Adding mass to intake works with centrifical vacuum pumps with low air volume. good luck hope you read this and it helps.
Super excited to see this run!!
Observation. EDF fans are optimized for high velocity low pressure flow. Just the opposite of your needs for high pressure combustion. Expand the flow post EDF prior to combustion to obtain any usable pressure/compression, rather than accelerate with the cone which further accelerates/drops the already low pressure flow.
Velocity, whether it is in a spiral flow channel or an axial pipe can be converted to pressure when it slows. You are correct that these fans are optimized, but it is for thrust, not velocity. They move too much air and they don't accelerate it enough. Running them beyond spec and two in series helps. The expansion you describe is exactly what is accomplished as the air passes the lip of the cone prior to combustion.
Watching this thread with interest. Basically I am wondering if the back pressure on the EDF's is too high to let them work effectively. Would some type of centrifugal blower be better? Not my area of expertise, though.
These are interesting points, but you are focusing on secondary issues. Turbulence is necessary for the burn process and homogeneous mixing of the fuel with the air will not occur with a gradual laminar flow pattern. It is difficult to maintain a flame front even with the shadow of the cone. This is not simply speculative, we tried it. This engine can operate with a diffuser section as you describe and employ traditional bar shaped flame holders, but any flow resistance in this turbulent region lowers mass flow and thrust, requiring a large burn chamber diameter to reduce the velocity. We found a 30cm diameter tube was required to eliminate this loss. It comes down to practical trade offs.
We tested these fans on the bench to see how effective this non optimized type of blower could be. You are correct that a centrifugal blower would be better, however both types of compressor designs need to operate at very high speed before they begin to be useful. The advantage of the EDF is its availability, compact profile and in the case of these JP Hobby fans, its extremely high power handling capability.
When you see the engine operate in part two of this video, you will see that in fact the burn does occur in a pretty small area within the engine.
Great work and great video, can't wait for part 2!
listen! Your are a genius of geniuses!! I work for aerospace during the day but this is something entirely special!
Looking forward to seeing you fire this baby up !. Compressing the fule is good !
This is right on the cutting edge of science. Metallurgy machining and just plain fun! I cant wait for the next video!!!!!
Thanks!
One of the best channels on you tube ! Because you Love it we love it, i can see your joy that's what make it great!
Great video and thanks for a very clear demonstration. I am sure that you will get the best possible result at the end. Best of luck and best wishes.
I'm just finishing my mechanical engineering degree. I watched your distilling alcohol video I had no idea you did things like this! Subscribed
Wow this is a really good video with a really good description of engine process.
Thank you.
Do you know the feeling when you get all gigely the longer the videos Goes On, and In The End you have to make a verbale outburst as the details Goes On. so sweet and ,that only Happens a couple of times per month Thank you for the video
this was a very helpful video and hope to see updates in the future, thank you for this update...
Awesome tinkering with this project!
I've seen a few videos so far in which I am now subscribed, but the beginning of this video makes me want to say that this guy is a mechanical engineering version of Heisenberg from Breaking Bad.
Love your work man educational also.. I'm tinkering myself but have minimal tools.. In time I guess look forward to more of your cool boosting
Do you Know whats funny, at about 8:18 I was telling my screen that you needed to coat the tube with spray ceramic, then you said you did so I was like smart man. Then @9:25 I got excited and was yelling OH he bout to say NOS or LOX injection and got mad when you said liq propane. Then you said NOS later @11:21 and I was pretty much mollified and said well this guy knows his stuff LOL. Dude, as a former USAF fighter crew chief I thank you for bringing back old memories of engine build up/maintenance, even if it is in miniature LOL. Also thanks for the vids you did on the "Worlds Best Speakers" cause of that I'm using two 4' by 8' foam panels, two 48" by 24" ceiling panels and four DAEX25X4-4 exciters with the panels all custom painted, and coupled with an old sub-woofer they sound amazeballs in my small space. Really, I can't thank you enough for that cause it was either cheapo bookshelf things that came with my amp settup, or spend a few hundred to a thousand for better ones. I prefer the choice you gave me LOL. I love this channel keep up the good work.
The content on this channel is perfect keep up the good work
Thanks.
I love the nitrous oxide idea. But we'll see when you get there. Again, very interesting and I am anxiously awaiting the results. Keep it up 👍. And thank you for your most interesting and entertaining projects. And a huge thanks to you for not filling your videos with annoying music.
Thank you can’t wait to see you run it. Awesome channel, fascinating.
Thanks! You'll be impressed...so were our neighbors, kinda.
The only reason I stopped being an ME, and killed that guy to get into the corporate side, was to accumulate the freedom (read: $) to do what you are doing. Then, delayed kid production pushed that plan into the “maybe I’ll live long enough to get there” plan...so, for now, your channel makes me alternate between jealousy and feelings of hope. Great stuff. Keep it coming, for all of us who gladly accept getting yelled at for being too involved in 3rd grade science projects. Go Blue.
A lot of care and thought has gone into this project! Compliments and thanks for this usefull video!
You're welcome.
Will it fit in my Civic? Awesome video and channel BTW, really well explained, and understandable while exploring various subjects. Thank you from France!
Thanks! It might, but a turbocharger/ jet conversion would be more powerful and practical, if any of this could be called practical. We'er finishing such a conversion now and will be posting some videos covering this next engine, soon.
Well the second model of the turbine engine is pretty impressive already I'm sure you'll get great results! keep up the great work im loving this
That is a very interesting fuel preheat/cool solution on the EDF!
This is fricken awesome can't wait to see this fired up !
I'm really looking forward to seeing where this project goes, particularly a practical drone/light aircraft application if it turns out to be feasible for you to construct. Certainly a step up from DIY pulsejet engines I've seen around.
I too cannot wait till i see its running performances. I hope you upload soon!? Great built so to see so lets see so too
This is very very interesting. Can’t wait to see it work.
That is very exciting ! Cant wait for the next video !
Sounding like you are on a good track. Know you know, there is a weight cost for liquid NOX plus a number of efficiency cost associated with 7kw power but still intriguing concepts. Best wishes for your Journey.
Fabulously done! It's funny how much I've learned from agentjayz, to understand this stuff. Stators, compressors, etc
I love having my brain tickled and this video tickled it big time ;-) Thank you!
I'm so glad to know this channel!
wow, best depot level explained! NIce counter clockwise on upper and lower EDFs making stator compression. I'd add another larger EDF front of your stator compression for high air flow bypass to cool your upper and lower exterior stator edf compressors to your AB. If you had LPT section + drive shaft to drive front compressors you'd get over 420% more compression over EDF, i applaud you.
One of the best upcoming channels on
I would love to see an interview of your dad. I'm so curious about his education and knowledge on so many various scientific topics.
The ceramic coating made me excited. It makes me imagine if Tesla had a KZhead Channel. I think he would fuse atoms with high voltage
Thanks for the great content
Fantastic videos. I can't get enough
Thanks!
I just stumbled across this video. As a mechanical engineer, its a given that I had to be a subscriber! Great video. Kind regards/ Sweden
Thank you.
I'm so staying tuned!
Already my favorite channel on youtube. Please do a video on ion thrusters!
We just might.
very ingenious.. i know im pretty tough in my critiques but this is very impressive
Thank you very much for the wonderfull content and information Sr. !
Thanks!
Look forward very much to next phase. :)
Every Tech Ingredients video blows me away. Consistently leftfield and brilliant.
Thanks! Renaissance science.
I’m excited to see the next one!!!
Thanks for these videos!
The best technology channel on youtube !!!
Thank you!
Stumbled across this video .......engineering heaven ❤❤❤
Thanks!
Extremely exciting, always looking fwd to the next vid.
Talk about a cliffhanger ;) Again thanks for Your fantastic content.
You’re such a cool ass Dad!! I REALLY TRULY hope to god your son(s) know realize how lucky they are to have a pops like you!!! Im always mesmerized by your scientific knowledge and info. Seems you guys have started slowing down. But I’d greatly appreciate if you’d keep coming with the projects. Im an ole Pyro and I don’t have any kids. But I DO like doing allot of cool lil science and educational projects with the neighbor kids. It keeps them out of trouble, reaches them something, I learn as well and I just enjoy the lil projects. So you are def appreciated! And the world is a much better place Bc if you and your good energy.
Thanks! We're not slowing down, but the videos represent a mix of some easier projects and some really complicated ones. Depending what's in the works, we may post more or less often.
Nice! Can hardly wait.
Absolutely Fantastic!!!! Thank you so much!!!
Sure!
How did you go about applying the Zirconium Oxide?
Really looking forward to the 100-200 lb thrust build you teased. I'm curious to see what tweaks you apply in a larger build. I would be interested in further development of this concept for application on something along the lines of an Ultralight aircraft project.
It was applied for us by a company that sprays it on using a supersonic technique.
A video so nice I had to watch it twice