What did people do before anesthesia? - Sally Frampton
Trace the history of anesthesia from the 3rd century to today, and explore how doctors performed surgery before anesthetic drugs.
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The quest for anesthetics that could induce unconsciousness and enable more meticulous surgeries began around the early 3rd century CE. Before anesthesia was widely used, patients had to consciously endure every moment of surgery. So, what methods did doctors use before modern medicine caught up? Sally Frampton traces the history of anesthetic drugs.
Lesson by Sally Frampton, directed by Alexander Hellebaut.
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Born in the right era
idk man, could be even better later on!
@@daddyleon True but boy am I glad to not be in some trench rn
But once you died, you could spawn in wrong era
nice to see another beach boys fan.
With regard to medicine and modernity I agree!
As a doctor, I must say that anesthesia is the greatest invention in the field of medicine. PS it's an opinion, not a fact: you can disagree as opinions can vary person to person.
Still wouldn’t take for the preventative colon procedure though.
Do you have an honorary medical degree from the University of KZhead?
Yeah, I'm a doctor too 😂
As a former surgery patient i am inclined to agree
Nerd
this is one of the reasons why, for most of history, you sometimes had better odds trying to outlive the disease than going to the doctor, thank science for modern anesthesia!
Yep, All in All God permit Modern medicine and Science. All praise to Allah
@@TheAilmam Without Allah we would not even need anesthesia.
Not where gangrene was concerned, which we have antibiotics for now but had nothing acceptable to help bacterial or viral infections in the early 1800's! My father was a physician, later an anesthesiologist, and he had some cans of ether out in our storeroom by the garage, where our large freezer and canned food was kept, when the basement shelves were full of home-canned food! I never asked him what the ether cans were stored there for, but I can only surmise that he just planned to use them for something, maybe he was shy on storage at the office. I probably knew at one time but have forgotten now. Penicillin wasn't discovered until about 1928, which was the first antibiotic we had, then many more of different kinds later and there are all kinds of them today. I can still remember Daddy giving us a shot of penicillin when I was very young, and how it hurt (because it was so viscous and quite a bit was injected) it is different today but still used!
@@TheAilmam Amogus
@@TheAilmam Thor and Odin are better
As an infant, I was operated on over and over without anesthesia. It was believed as late as the 1990s that babies didn’t need anesthesia. It took a long time to unpack why I was afraid of my neck and abdomen being touched when I was young until my mom recalled seeing me in the OR cut open and screaming.
I’m so so sorry! I had a similar but much much much less traumatizing experience When I was a baby my parents suspected I had a bladder infection (Imagery warning for down there) I still remember being laid on that table with strange people in blue touching me down there ( I genuinely don’t think any of them knew this would be something that I’d remember and didn’t want to hurt me at all) and feeling pain, for years I didn’t know what it was since I was too young to understand I was having a tube put into my urethra to get to my bladder, I also remember not being able to cry, so I wonder if I was put under something but it didn’t work? Edit: It definitely wasn’t super duper painful, but it still hurt and that is a sensitive area, I’m not sure if it actually had a huge effect on me, but I remembered it so well I thought I had to have been a toddler until my parents told me that procedure happened under the age of one
I thought it was just believed as late as the 1980s? I think it was around 1987. Thats sad you experienced this during the 90s.
Jesus man...
@@zillycat8534jesus thats horrifying! That must be a lot to acknowledge and go through as well.
It's not so much that they didn't think babies needed anesthesia so much as they thought the risks from anesthesia were too great in infants. Poor babies!
I remember when i got my wisdom teeth out, i counted down from 100, got to probably about 97 before waking up and thinking, "Man, my face hurts. Hopefully, they can still get my teeth out." Drugs are no joke, even if it's laughing gas.
Till this day I still hope they got my wisdom since I totally passed out
they didnt even give me anything I felt like those guys screaming at the start
Last thing I said before going under was "yeah that feels like drugs..."
I wish I got knocked out for my removal, but all they did was numb the site… still gotta get the top ones removed (I really just wanna experience what it’s like to go under!! lol)
@@those.gamers. I know how you feel. They did 4 shots for my fang. I never wanted to experience that again so I chose pass out instead.
they missed the best thing about Robert Liston, in one amputation he managed to kill 3 people, a spectator had a heart attack after being narrowly missed with his knife, he accidently cut his assistant finger who alongside the patient died from an infection because he didn't clean the instrument. Apart from that he was still considered one of the best sturgeon of the time, as due to the speed (he could amputate a leg in 2.5 minutes) he lost only 1 in 10, where the average at the time was 1 in 4.
"...he was really considered one of the best sturgeon of the time..." Really? He was considered a fish? Interesting. He was transspecies AND a medical professional. That is truly amazing.
I AM A STURGEON, DR. HAN!
🐟
@@StraitjacketFitness You could say he was getting along swimmingly
Cut David some slack. You all know he meant surgeon. Everybody's a comedian. Smh. 🥱✌️
They used a neat little thing called big rock.
Neat
Very neat indeed
yea seems like neat
Obito type beat
Neat
I am so thankful that I did not have to endure the pain of doctors Praying my bones apart halfway through my hand to remove a tumor without anesthesia. I just fell asleep and then I woke up
And don't forget the rules about chanting it X number of times facing Y direction at Z hour otherwise everything is useless and if you didn't pick the exact specific herb at that exact specific godforsaken hour of night during the required phase of the moon or time of year, you might as well be a child playing doctor with a real person instead of a doll.
"Lord in heaven thy will be done and please make those metacarpal bones move aside" -your doctors probably
Medical Malpractice still happens you know and there are some reports where that exactly happened. One person had it the worse his anesthesia wore off but his body had been paralyzed by another drug. So he felt everything, every cut, every tongs, every single poke of the doctor and nurses. Gave the man PTSD.
@@breakerdawn8429 I've actually studied cases like that makes me feel super f****** thankful that the Anastasia worked properly on me
omg i love your profile picture!
As someone who has undergone 3 surgeries already, I'm glad anesthesia exists. Also, the anesthesiologists I've met during those procedures have that calming persona. They assured me everything's gonna be fine, and told me to relax. That helped me ease my nervousness. I bet most of them are like that. 😊
One of my anesthesiologists asked me start counting backwards and said "here comes the whisky". It put a smile on my face and went to sleep happy.
Yes! I was really anxious about going under until I met my anesthesiologist. He was so calm and professional that I immediately knew I was in good hands. He even offered me something for nerves, but I didn't need it after talking to him.
Yes, but what If anesthesia don't made people sleep and they had to watch thenselfs open
My mom are one of those people!
Some people: "I wished I lived in a simpler time before all this technology..." Me: NOPE
True ,today is the best day
@@aleksandertorken8202 agreed
@@aleksandertorken8202 Nah the future will be the best
What is meant by that is the technological pollution, which is overall seen in our everyday activies. I would definitely feel more comfortable at home if, say, there's no noise coming from the TV polluting the whole apartment. Would it be possible to enjoy a good time of peace without the noise from the TV? Tell it to the machines we call automobiles.
@@MrCagnacio have good time being raised by Vikings , Arabs , Mongols , crusades and plagues and infections
I had surgery without anesthesia. My insurance wouldn’t pay for it and I didn’t have the money. So, they had a nurse talking to me the entire time- and I was there cursing her out. But she encouraged me not to move - saying “you are doing well. Almost finished. Great job.” And so on.
America i presume ?
what surgery was it may I ask
@@ananyajere I had an inguinal abscess
@@TheRealPog1 yes, in America
@@parismilane51 oh..sorry but idk what that means..nvm I'll search it up on Google but tq
Anesthesia (from the patient’s perspective) is a baffling experience. If you’ve never experienced it, I hope you never do. We say that it’s “going to sleep” but the experience is nothing like sleep. When sleeping, you have at least some feeling that time has past. With anesthesia, it’s like someone just edited a section out of your life. It feels instantaneous, even if you were out for days. I’ve only had one surgery that was several hours long. I felt as if i instantaneously transported from the OR to the recovery room. It was very strange and disorienting. Because of the pain meds, I genuinely had no idea they’d actually done the surgery. I had to sit up and look at my leg to make sure something had been done. Of course, a few hours later when the pain meds wore off, there was no question something had been done.
Wait you can fell the pain LATER Bro for how long did it take to go away?
@KarateWithElian When the pain slowly starts to creep up, you just take the meds again.
Sounds like it would make for some good sleeping medication. They should offer it over the counter that dissolves quickly, odourlessly tastelessly into liquids.
Yeah - I had much the same experience of instantaneousness. I was in one room talking to the anesthesiologist, then I was suddenly, inexplicably, in another room, my leg in a splint, very disoriented and in the worst pain I’ve ever been in (I think the thing the pain meds wearing off earlier than planned possibly made me come to quicker than expected).
@@karatewithelian9014any time you have surgery that requires anesthesia (so, major surgery), they cut deep into your body. Imagine the pain in the moment of badly cutting yourself, but 50 times worse and majorly drawn out - that’s the pain of major surgery without anesthesia. Now imagine the pain you feel *after* cutting yourself - multiply *that* by 50, and add weird pulling sensations (from literally being sewn back together) and some swelling and such, and that’s the pain you feel *after* surgery and after the meds wear off. *Now* imagine going from “no pain” to “post-surgery pain” - your brain isn’t prepared for it because it didn’t experience the pain of surgery itself, so it’s all the worse.
The video was a rollercoaster for me: it started horribly painful, then histerically funny, then things got serious when the inequality of the time were exposed. Job well done, ted ed!
I've experienced a bit of this myself. A couple times, dentists want to drill out a small cavity in one of my teeth and insist I don't need any anesthesia and one time in an ER I was at because I cut a finger on a mandolin slicer, they had to cut of a bit of partially severed flesh but insisted they didn't need to numb it with anything. In all of these cases, the pain was very intense. In the ER, I almost passed out after they cut that bit of skin off.
same thing with drilling the cavity, i was around 5 and they didn't give me any anesthesia. they also never patched up the cavity so my tooth started to rot until it almost completely disintegrated. i never got it fixed.
The animation on this one is marvelous! Very well made.
I was an anesthesiology resident for 6 months at the Miami VA hospital at the beginning of my career and saw about 2-3 surgeries per day. Surgery is an absolute assault on a body and wouldn't be possible without modern anesthesia. From what I've read in the Civil War era the attribute of whether or not a surgeon was good was pretty much how fast he was.
I had surgery a week ago on my collarbone to get a plate installed. I didn't even know when they administered the anesthesia, I was just cracking jokes with the surgeons as they strapped me in, and the next thing I remember, I was in the patient recovery area with a big bandage on my shoulder and a loopy feeling. It's amazing how far modern medicine has come
You uploaded this video at the perfect day. After I had a surgery to have a hammer toe straightened, I had thought about what if I lived back in the day when there's no anesthesia. Even something as small as straightening a hammer toe would have resulted in massive amounts of agonizing pain. Anesthesia is definitely something we should never take for granted.
We appreciate content like this. They contain important insights we all need to know about.
Imagine if people actually felt all the pain during a surgery but forgot about it after
Actually, some of the anesthetics you receive will cause amnesia during the procedure, which is why it seems like no time has passed between going unconscious and waking up, because your brain isn't able to create memories, which means it can't distinguish the passage of time either. This is because sometimes people do briefly regain consciousness (extremely rare and the anesthesiologist's job is specifically to make sure this does not happen) and the amnesia prevents them from suffering mental trauma as a result. Fun fact as well, your body will actually induce a kind of amnesia if you're put through enough pain. But it's more of the "memory rapidly fades afterwards" kind. I've heard of it frequently happening to pregnant women, and I've actually experienced it myself during a particularly horrid kidney stone that sent me to the ER. 0 memory of what happened even though I was never given anything other than IV fluids and a mild painkiller.
theres a real story about a man who went through surgery, got the wrong dosage of anesthesia, woke up midway, and felt all the pain. doctors then realized he was awake when they saw his eyes moving and forcefully injected a drug into him that would make him forget. he didn’t remember the incident but the trauma remained. he committed suicide because he hallucinated from the trauma, trying to remember what happened that could have been the source of the pain. also, from what i remember, i dont think the doctors went to jail. the story is available on a channel called Mr Ballen (a guy who shares stories)
tyranny of remembering self
That would be pretty horrific, but still better than nothing
@@aifialt695 Mr. Ballens retelling is called "16 minutes"
This is fascinating but the star of this lesson is the animation. It's amazing
I catch myself complaining a LOT about the current times we’re in or the generation I was born into but then I remember all the surgeries I’ve had in my life coupled with my extremely low pain tolerance; I would have never survived a trip to the ER without anesthetics. The pain alone would be a death sentence. Thankful to be born when I was in the mid 90s! Modern anesthetics and medicine>>>>>>>>>>>>>
There are so many modern miracles we take for granted.
@@Dennis-nc3vw Like indoor plumbing
I had a surgery last year under general anesthesia. Considering the amount of pain I was in when I woke up, I'm super glad I didn't have to have the operation without it!
Thanks again, Ted Ed! Best channel, best lessons, best animations!
Nice, the topics what we studied for an year was explained just in a few minutes , that's great 🎉
i’ve always wondered this. same with how we survived before removal of wisdom teeth, but you already covered that. thank you
I’ve heard the used alcohol too
The history of period pads is interesting too. So glad I live in the 21st century
People actually used to have bigger jowls back then coz we ate more fibre & stuff. So we used our teeth more. Now we just juice everything that tastes remotely annoying & add a ton of sugar. That's also why they say "abs are made in the kitchen." Diets are very important to our overall health & well being.
Im Too Late
I love this channel! It's very helpful and the videos are eye catching, thank you very much to the ppl who worked on these vidoes
As an Anesthesiologist, I find this vid amazing. ❤
The art style and animation in this one is AMAZING
love the animation, whoever did it, did an excellent job
As someone who has had 2 knee surgeries, 2 hip replacements, 1 shoulder labrum and rotator cuff repair, 1 carpal tunel, 2 plantar fasciatis, and last one kidney removed due to cancer i can really really appreciate being OUT. Though last surgery, i had a hard time coming out of it and also developed breathing issues. No matter, it's better than cancer, right?
This is so well done, amazing work TED-Ed ✨
these animations are just Top Notch..!
Wow, gorgeous illustration!!!
Truely cherished the whole show. The guests were iconic.
Quality content as always!
The character design for 華陀was cute but perfect, good job guys!(the guy at 0:45 for anyone wondering curious)
Good to live in a time when this is well developed!
The visuals are fantastic.
The power of the human mind is unparalleled
So true
SubhanAllah, Alhamdulillah, Allahuakbar
The animation is awesome!
Amazing video, narration & animation as always, TED. Now, after I heard about that guy who cut his own arm when he got stuck in the grand canyon, I think the first "method" mentioned in this video (amputate someone quickly) might not have been as traumatic as it sounds. Of course easier typed than gone through.
ya
The colors in this animation are amazing, nice work!
The animation is amazing ❤
I'm immensely grateful to be living in an advanced era!
I wish you could make more videos about philosophers and philosophical books.
Ngl these animations are super smooth good stuff
Always well made. Could you please do more History vs
We have another installment of History Vs coming soon! Any guesses who it is? 👀
@@TEDEd is it Andrew Tate!!
@@TEDEdofc its Jeffrey Dahmer 💀
@@TEDEd Queen mary of England!! (or the so called bloody mary)
@@lihaisnotmyname AAAAAAA is THAT who that's about? Noice. The red satin makes a lot of sense now
Anesthetics are underrated gift 🙏
This animation is amazing
I had my gall bladder removed about five years ago, and given how much it hurt for the 24 hours after I regained consciousness, I can't imagine how much it would have hurt to have undergone the surgery while conscious. And it would be impossible to perform procedures like a coronary bypass or organ transplant without anesthesia.
As a person falling ill from tooth decay and broken teeth, I can't even imagine how would be painful a removing tooth procedure for any patient without any implementation of anesthesia.
Fun fact: the invention of anesthesia was fully developed and used widely by Queen Victoria’s personal doctor, John Snow until Dr John Snow administered ether (ie chloroform) to Victoria during the births of Prince Leopold and Princess Beatrice. She actually didn’t like being awake during childbirth. Her labor period is said to have lasted around 30 hours I think when they had to put her to sleep.
John Snow was the cholera guy also, right?
the baby had a hard time getting out 💀..due to her anaesthesia
She’s just like me fr Not like I’d EVER have kids anyways
The art is amazing!
*It was so much better back in--* *Shows this video along with blood letting video procedures*
The art, animation and sound design are astounding! This is fantastic, HUGE props to the narrator AND animators.
this is the best art style you guys have adopted, commission them again!!
what a great animation style!
I had life saving surgery back in February and was given an ileostomy due to a severe case of chrons disease and had to have a perforation removed along with a meter of my small bowel. I remember the surgeons putting the gas mask onto me and passed out shortly after going into theatre, it only felt like closing my eyes for no longer then a minute and when i regained consciousness i asked the surgeons when the operation was going to start and when was i going to be sedated to which they replied that the operation had already been completed and was successful. it wasn't until i looked down and noticed the staples from my groin to my belly button that the pain hit me but i was given a PRN of ketamine shortly after that i could administer to myself every 5 minutes if i needed too. I'm fully recovered now and am scheduled to have my ileostomy reversed by the end of the year.
It was most likely an anaesthesiologist who put you under, not a surgeon.
Sushruta (c. 600 BCE) is considered as the "founding father of surgery". His period is usually placed between the period of 1200. BC - 600 BC. One of the earliest known mention of the name is from the Bower Manuscript where Sushruta is listed as one of the ten sages residing in the Himalayas. For successful surgery, Sushruta induced anesthesia using intoxicants such as wine and henbane (Cannabis indica). He being the first and the most important and successful surgeon of the world is a proud part of Indian and world history. It's a shameful thing for Ted x to not give him his rightful place in this video.
Thanks for the headsup.
For some reason they are just jealous about us. Reality is Science, medicine and every other field was advance in India. But channels like Ted over shadowing facts and we Indians do not care
@@varun3681 endia superpower 2020
Thank you for telling me about Sushruta, I always love expanding my knowledge of the history of science/medicine/technology from outside of the christian-based history that is all we ever seem to get taught in the west (I'm Australian, for reference). So much of what we are taught as having been "discovered" by (usually) English scientists/doctors was actually discovered/invented by people from the Middle East or Asia (and most likely from many other places outside of the West as well)! I'm frequently astonished by how much was covered up by the British empire so they could appear to be the most advanced society on earth - even though it is darkly hilarious, since the doctors/scientists of the British empire were so bogged down in "this is how it's always been done", and often adopted things LONG after it was standard practice in other parts of the world! Anyway, sorry for ranting so much - I just can't help thinking how much faster the world would have advanced if it weren't for colonisation! I'm very grateful to learn the true history of science/medicine/technology, and I'm grateful to you for bringing attention to it! Hope you have a really lovely week friend 💛
@@JesseFred hi fellow curious thinker! I was amazed to see your reply, and no you did not blabber much, rather it made me think that people like you and me still exist. Our willingness to know, is what makes us different and yes that's a good thing. And one other thing, yes britishers during the era of colonial period destroyed our eastern culture. Not only that, but the Mughals that can from modern day Turkey destroyed most of our eastern culture. As a fellow thinker, I would recommend you to look into Vedas and several other books which were written by scientists that existed way before modern day children( no offence) called - Einstein and Newton.(just search this and you'll find out why I said children, I was surprised myself for the first time) For eg - search for Distance from son to earth in Hanuman chalisa( written in 16th century, not even a refracting telescope was invented at that time). When science was teaching us Sun is stationery which was believed to be true just a few years earlier, Yajurved mentioned that sun was not stationery, it moves taking along various planets with it. The concept of flat earth which was once proved to be true was also rejected by Vedas, they clearly mentioned earth not being flat, as it cannot contain gravitational proportionately. Concept of multiverse, quantum physics, etc all came from one single source( many scientists such as Einstein, Nicola Tesla themselves were profound readers of Books such as Bhagvat Geeta). I hope I didn't write too much. 😅
Such awesome animations!
Thank all the smart scientists and doctors for the medicine we have today
I am so grateful for modern medicine. I had a tooth abscess last year and needed it removed, I barely even remember being put to sleep. The healing process was also nearly painless. Having to undergo surgery during the civil war era seems like an absolute nightmare. We were all born in the right era, I can’t even imagine.
Honored to be an anesthesiologist!
The animation on this video is RIDICULOUS!!!! Absolutely mind blowing.
Wonderful animation! Those bottles’ got some attitude!
Shoutout to anesthesia, you're the true MVP.
You didn't mention Sushruta an Indian sage surgeon who is often referred to as the "Father of Surgery." He is believed to have lived in the 6th century BCE, during the Vedic period in India.
Hey i know that guy, a channel called Sam O Nella showed his methods. It's simple get the man drunk, almost of his methods start with get the man drunk. Seriously Surustra is a genius even had useless surgery methods like nose job. Why would you need a nose job in that era?
Breathing properly?
@@calebm9000 Probably but still kinda risky don't get me wrong Sushruta is amazing but it was still BC there are risk involved. Mainly cause to do a nose job he has to use your fore head skin and plaster it onto your nose.
ya
@@calebm9000probably for cosmetic reasons just like some people do today
I really like this animation!
As a Scotsman I really appreciate the labelling of "Scottish" pioneers in your videos. So often we are mislabeled as "British".
Love the animations :)
Anyone who calls being under anesthesia as being asleep hasn't been under anesthesia. The physicians put a mask over you and you pass out. I came to in what seemed like a moment relieved that the appendix was out but with the sharp incision pain. Still not as bad as dealing with an awful internal infection. There was no sleep, I was out under anesthesia.
Ive been under it 2 times and yea it really similar at least to me
Nah I slept well and deep, that’s nice for someone with excruciating disordered sleeping. The waking up part is the worst when you are disoriented and pain starts to set in but the actual part of me being under anesthesia was okay. I’ve been under anesthesia three times in my life and I wouldn’t call it a bad experience. It’s always so interesting to hear about different perspectives so thanks for sharing!
I agree! When I got my appendix out, the anesthesia gave me a deeper feeling of unconsciousness than sleep. There was no dreaming or tossing and turning, just blank. I have no recollection at all.
This animation is so gooood!
those researchers had a great time!
0:52 "Susrutha Samhita", the famous Ayurvedic book regarding surgeries also had mention the use of alcohol for the same purpose anaesthesia does.
Superb video as always, Team TedX. Very informative and beautifully animated. However, regarding the first uses of anaesthesia: What about Sushruta, the Father of Indian Surgery, who is said to have used fumes of Henbane (Cannabis Indica) for inducing anaesthesia, *somewhere between 1000 to 800 BC*
What a beautiful animation!
I remember when I had surgery, the last thing I saw before taking anesthetics was my view spiraling into darkness with the last words I heard too repeating in my head, and my whole body rapidly going numb, it was surprisingly peaceful despite how I just described it
Second time asking but pleaseeee do a video on endometriosis
Love the animation
Thank you, KZhead, for recommending this video to me two days before I have surgery.
This channel keeps my brain at night thinking huh what would it be like? Before watching the video
"Pain from child birth is divine, and should not be interfered with." - Man who will never give birth.
I am very lucky to be born in this era
New reason to be grateful to be born in this time period.
this animation is like amazing esp the part 0:45-1:00 omg so gud
I love the Hip Hop reference to the Ether introduction, reminds me of the Nas song 😅
Bro I have an incision still I can’t be laughing this hard at the graphics 🤣
i've had 4 eye surgeries, as a kid. can't imagine trying any of that back then
I got my vasectomy under twilight, which is apparently like general anesthesia but you don't actually go under. I don't remember any of the operation and it only cost me an extra $200. While lots of people do it under local anesthesia, the idea gave me a lot of anxiety. I am very happy to live in a time where that is an option
All of my experiences with anesthesia is just blacking out, and waking up later like as if nothing happened, I've heard others say they dream when it happens, but for me I am out like a lightbulb XD.
Animation is just.....🔥🔥🔥🔥
Man, this video is a FUN watch.
The audio quality in TEDed videos is almost like ASMR
This is well animated
4:25 that makes me so sad.
It called history
@@epicchonkerWowzeers really??? You’re such a genius!!!
@@epicchonkeryour point?
@@epicchonker ok boomer
I love how the most common reaction upon discovering a potential new anesthetic was to just immediately take some of it themselves
Mind-blowing 🤯
I really liked the video, but loved the animation!
Whoa new animation style 🤩