contagious echthyma in sheep and goats | zoonotic Disease | sore mouth Treatment | Dermatitis | CPD

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Contagious Ecthyma
Reported by Dr Jahanzaib VO MVD BAhawalpur
Orf also known as contagious ecthyma, contagious pustular dermatitis (CPD), sore mouth or scabby mouth (CDC, 2015), is an acute contagious, debilitating and economically important zoonotic viral disease of sheep, goats and some other domesticated and wild ruminants. The affected animal manifests painful skin lesions around the mouth and muzzle on account of which anorexia or starvation usually noticed (Constable et al., 2017). Typical clinical signs in mucous membrane of the oral cavity, tongue, lips and teats are developed sequentially in form of papules, vesicles, pustules, scabs which are important for diagnostic point of view.
Contagious ecthyma (Orf.) virus belongs to the genus Parapoxvirus of the family Poxviridae (Murphy et al., 2012; Nadeem et al., 2010).
Direct / Indirect contact can transmits the virus through broken, scarified or damaged skin. Some sheep and goats may act as carrier animals without showing any sign of disease.
Two goats of age 1 and 1.5 years were presented at Civil veterinary hospital Bahawalpur, with history of pyrexia, anorexia, nasal discharge and various skin lesions on muzzle, lips and mouth. On physical examination, it was found that the lesion was dry ulcerative and scabby. Rectal temperature was higher than the normal (104ºF). Also there was presence of nasal exudates with sneezing. On auscultation the lungs, crackling sounds were heard suggestive of pneumonia. Characteristics lesions pointed towards contagious ecthyma. Both cases were treated with antibiotics and topical therapy till clinical recovery. Both goats were clinically recovered after treatment.
Fig.1 Shows dry, ulcerative and scabby Fig.2 Shows dry, ulcerative and scabby
lesions around mouth, lips, muzzle lesions around mouth, lips, muzzle.
and nasal Exudate
Treatment
Good personal hygiene measures were taken to avoid further transmission the virus as zoonotic potential of this disease is well known.
For the treatment of pneumonia and control of secondary bacterial infection, the goats were treated with the Spiramycin sulphate ( Inj.Captaline @ 1 ml/ 10 kg body weight) intramuscularly for 5 days, injection of Flunixin Meglumine (Axcen @ 1ml/45kg body weight ) for 3 days and Cap. Rifampcin mixed with Glycerine was applied on scab lesions daily till healing. This intervention had shown drastic improvement.