Are we surrounded by dark energy? A spacecraft tetrad will look for it

2024 ж. 13 Мам.
136 224 Рет қаралды

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Most astrophysicists believe that 95% of the universe is dark stuff - dark matter and dark energy. We can’t see, feel, or hear it, but it’s supposedly all around us. NASA scientists recently proposed a new experiment to test what is going on with the dark stuff in our vicinity. The want to use four small spacecraft flying around the solar system in a tetrahedron formation to look for variations from Einstein’s theory of gravity. Let’s have a look.
Paper: arxiv.org/abs/2404.02096v1
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#science #sciencenews #astrophysics #space
00:00 What
03:45 How

Пікірлер
  • I hoped Dark Energy would have called on the phone. "Hey, hello Sabine, it's me, Dark Energy. And you know what ? I'm a super-symmetric indeterministic cord vibrating in a 11 dimensions Calabi-Yau manyfold, but you will never be able to prove or disprove me. Mwahahahah !" Alas, it did not happen.

    @mecha-sheep7674@mecha-sheep767419 күн бұрын
    • Maybe someone should endow you a chair?

      @terrific804@terrific80419 күн бұрын
    • Much like all those other unfalsifiable concepts that human perfidy invented and utilized to fleece each other.

      @suelingsusu1339@suelingsusu133919 күн бұрын
    • Very naugthy manyfold that one😇

      @aleksandarbrzic8351@aleksandarbrzic835119 күн бұрын
    • I was hoping Elon was gonna call.

      @Sonny_McMacsson@Sonny_McMacsson19 күн бұрын
    • 😂🤝 legend

      @bugsy742@bugsy74219 күн бұрын
  • The sarcasm is strong with this one - I love it.

    @theharbinger2573@theharbinger257319 күн бұрын
    • Now we just have to develop 4 viable flying saucers... but the elephant in the room is: What if after spendings 1,000,000 TRILLION DOLLARS to get there and we find NOTHING... OR... we get there and find there actually IS DARK MATTER... WTF do you do with it... IT'S JUST THERE... kind of like water to a fish...

      @t.c.2776@t.c.277619 күн бұрын
    • @@t.c.2776 The point is to confirm or disprove a dominant theory on gravity. Not to do anything with dark matter. We don't even know for sure if it exists. You really have a hard time comprehending what was said, or what this comment truly meant by "sarcasm is strong with this one".

      @milanstevic8424@milanstevic842419 күн бұрын
    • @@t.c.2776 We've already sent out dozens of space probes. We can afford four more.

      @SeventhSaucer@SeventhSaucer19 күн бұрын
    • The tetrahedron is self dual. The cube is dual to the octahedron. The dodecahedron is dual to the icosahedron -- Platonic solids. Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein. Dark energy is dual to dark matter. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to to co vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann curvature is dual! Positive curvature (dark matter) is dual to negative curvature (dark energy) -- Gauss or Riemann geometry. Dark energy or repulsive gravity is negative curvature or hyperbolic space (inflation) -- divergent. Gravitation is equivalent or dual (isomorphic) to acceleration -- Einstein's happiest thought, the principle of equivalence (duality). Curvature or gravitation is dual hence dark energy is dual! "Always two there are" -- Yoda.

      @hyperduality2838@hyperduality283818 күн бұрын
  • Now now, I've learned from science that if your phone hasn't detected a gravitino, it simply means you need to build a bigger phone! 😂

    @FB-no4lr@FB-no4lr19 күн бұрын
    • Ha, wish I'd thought of this!

      @SabineHossenfelder@SabineHossenfelder19 күн бұрын
    • It may have the same effect if you put many phones together.

      @MichaelWinter-ss6lx@MichaelWinter-ss6lx19 күн бұрын
    • Don't forget to turn off call blocking and call forwarding.

      @brothermine2292@brothermine229219 күн бұрын
    • ​@@MichaelWinter-ss6lxbut only if you arrange them in a Tetrahedron

      @charliedulin@charliedulin19 күн бұрын
    • ​@@SabineHossenfelder, can you weigh in on Neil Turok & Co's New (Simple) Theory of Everything (and the complex/imaginary 'mirror' beyond the boundary conditions where big bangs happen)?

      @jeffswigert@jeffswigert19 күн бұрын
  • Very interesting, thank you. "the GDEM spacecraft will be placed on nearby elliptic heliocentric orbits", "Using the data about the Sun’s position and distance, our system-comprising satellites typically spaced 1,000 km apart and orbiting with a semi-major axis of 1 AU-shows capability to achieve a measurement precision approaching O(10−24 s−2)." Hopefully this answers some of the questions about where the spacecraft might be located in the solar system. I hope this project gets the funding it needs.

    @victorkrawchuk9141@victorkrawchuk914120 күн бұрын
    • This sounds like a scaling up of the NASA-ESA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA)/evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (eLISA) concept that was designed for gravitational wave detection. The LISA/eLISA concept has only 3 spacecraft. The arXiv paper states "The measurement systems prescribed for GDEM involve assessing GGT between spacecraft pairs connected by laser ranging interferometers across considerable distances, important for reaching the required sensitivity. While similar to the inter-spacecraft laser ranging in LISA, GDEM’s system is tailored for accuracy over these specific distances...There are many ways to set up such a configuration. As an example, we consider a LISA-like tetrahedron formation (with one of vehicles being on the reference orbit), and the fourth vehicle completing a regular tetrahedron."

      @luminiferous1960@luminiferous196019 күн бұрын
    • @@luminiferous1960 LISA looks a bit different in that the three composite craft will orbit the Sun approximately the same distance as the Earth in a rotating triangle that trails the Earth in its orbit. It seems relatively easy to position three craft in roughly the same orbit as the Earth and always keep them the same distance apart from each other, but I think it would be very difficult to add a fourth equidistant craft to the scheme since it would have to be either closer to the Sun than the other three craft or further away, making it quickly drift apart from the other three. It seems like the GDEM paper addresses this issue by placing the four craft in elliptical heliocentric orbits that keep them in the same tetrahedral configuration but perhaps not necessarily always the same distance apart. Also the distance between the LISA craft will be 2.5 million kilometers, while the GDEM craft will typically only be about a thousand kilometers apart. LISA isn't planned to launch until 2035, but hopefully GDEM can launch sooner than this.

      @victorkrawchuk9141@victorkrawchuk914119 күн бұрын
    • @@victorkrawchuk9141 Thank you so much for this information on how GDEM and LISA differ.

      @luminiferous1960@luminiferous196019 күн бұрын
    • Measuring dark matter /energy physically is as hard as measuring the 5th element, aether, one of Newton's favorites.

      @Anton-tf9iw@Anton-tf9iw18 күн бұрын
    • @@Anton-tf9iw Isn't Aether a favorite topic of Flat-Earthers? Unlike them, real scientists can't blame the lack of success in isolating Dark Matter on a deep-state conspiracy. They have to actually do real work to obtain the evidence they need, even if they never get it.

      @victorkrawchuk9141@victorkrawchuk914118 күн бұрын
  • I thought MOND and these other hypotheses were competitor theories for dark matter rather than dark energy, so this video is surprising to me.

    @yeroca@yeroca20 күн бұрын
    • That's right, MOND is a dark matter alternative. But MOND has an arbitrary interpolation function you can't really make a prediction for the solar system from it. This is why I didn't want to stress the point. I just wanted to mention that modified versions of gravity all need to have this feature of effects going away nearby.

      @SabineHossenfelder@SabineHossenfelder19 күн бұрын
    • "competitor hypotheses" not "competitor theories" is the correct terminology. "Theories" have been thoroughly tested over a long period of time back up by independently verifiable evidence. Hypotheses are educated predictions backed up by little evidence which must be tested.

      @douglaswilkinson5700@douglaswilkinson570019 күн бұрын
    • @@douglaswilkinson5700 "educated" -- I marvel at your optimism.

      @tomhejda6450@tomhejda645019 күн бұрын
    • Finding deviation from Einstein's equation can lead to equation that models expansion of the universe which matches observations and solve Dark Energy. Detecting a passing WIMP through sudden increase of gravity in "empty" space is current defending champion of Dark Matter explanations. Ability to keep such formation in flight precisely enough and long enough to get good measurements will be achievement by itself.

      @marciusnhasty@marciusnhasty19 күн бұрын
    • @@douglaswilkinson5700 How about “conjecture” ‽

      @Mentaculus42@Mentaculus4219 күн бұрын
  • This is why I follow Sabine - one reason. Her picking up on this proposed new experiment and recognizing the value of the approach (search for raw evidence rather than supporting evidence of any particular speculative theory) is so on point. I share her enthusiasm even at the proposal stage.

    @CheatOnlyDeath@CheatOnlyDeath19 күн бұрын
    • The value here meaning it might validate some old research of hers? Lol

      @johnkeck@johnkeck19 күн бұрын
    • @@johnkeck No.. The Value here is that CheatOnlyDeath doesn't understand Science. He likes her er.. "approach".. the "search for raw evidence rather than supporting evidence of any particular speculative theory" Yeah that's not happening. Experiments don't "look for new stuff". Scientific experiment is a test of a hypothesis (That's your colloquial theory before scientific method validation) which is an If Then statement or prediction. There is Nothing New here. Your experiment either validates the hypothesis or the null which is the opposite of the hypothesis. Dark Matter doesn't need looking for unless you look in a Math Paper because as it's Never Observed In Reality you Cannot observe it, (that's step 1 of the scientific method) and it was only created in the mind of Man which cannot ever be observed or tested on in the first place. There is Zero science here. I like Sabine too. She has a lovely voice and is a lovely lady (I'm 56) but she needs to understand science way better than she does.

      @DivergentDroid@DivergentDroid19 күн бұрын
    • The tetrahedron is self dual. The cube is dual to the octahedron. The dodecahedron is dual to the icosahedron -- Platonic solids. Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein. Dark energy is dual to dark matter. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to to co vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann curvature is dual! Positive curvature (dark matter) is dual to negative curvature (dark energy) -- Gauss or Riemann geometry. Dark energy or repulsive gravity is negative curvature or hyperbolic space (inflation) -- divergent. Gravitation is equivalent or dual (isomorphic) to acceleration -- Einstein's happiest thought, the principle of equivalence (duality). Curvature or gravitation is dual hence dark energy is dual! "Always two there are" -- Yoda.

      @hyperduality2838@hyperduality283818 күн бұрын
    • As if we laymen could somehow judge that value 😂 That hubris is really some comedy!

      @danielh.9010@danielh.901018 күн бұрын
  • I could've bet that when Sabine said the phone will ring when a gravitino comes by, Elon would call, telling her that he will send up three more of his Tesla's into outer space to make his own dark-matter experiment

    @lialkalo4093@lialkalo409319 күн бұрын
  • There's a strong assumption in measuring distances in deep space using spaceships: that the noise in measurement is an error in a Gaussian distribution. Consider, there is solar radiation, small deviations on how the spacecraft trajectory is measured, non-linear vibrations from the motor of the spacecraft, etc. In order to measure the distance between spacecraft, there has to be a filtering mechanism that depends upon that the noise is Gaussian and therefore, an averaging method -- say, a Fourier transform -- can distinguish between the measurement distance and the noise. I know almost nothing about spacecraft. I don't know if this is a trivial concern or it's an unknown that's going to prevent a successful experiment. But, if the noise is non-linear, there won't be a way to distinguish between a measurement error and noise.

    @posthocprior@posthocprior19 күн бұрын
    • If you measure noise, you have a result already. Scientists can then try to explain what they're seeing.

      @traumflug@traumflug19 күн бұрын
    • Yeah. I always get concerned when they publish about precise measurements and calculations and don't give enough details on apparatus and sensitivity...

      @tehbonehead@tehbonehead18 күн бұрын
    • @@tehbonehead After I posted the comment, I read most of the paper. On the 3rd page (I think) the authors discuss this. It states that they "assume" (their word) this problem can be easily solved.

      @posthocprior@posthocprior18 күн бұрын
  • Possible to combine the LISA gravity wave detector with this idea by adding a 4th LISA space craft?

    @michaelk19thcfan10@michaelk19thcfan1019 күн бұрын
  • This looks a lot like a gravity waves detector. If we measure often enough, we could use it for gravity waves detecting. That's would be a faster changing component. Then, the slower changing component would be used for gravity field testing. I hope it would be possible to kill two birds with one stone. (I don't hate birds, though)

    @PavloPravdiukov@PavloPravdiukov19 күн бұрын
    • looks like GW's are background noise, but this explanation was too brief to know. From Nobel to Noise in 9 years.

      @DrDeuteron@DrDeuteron19 күн бұрын
    • Let's move it one more step further: Make the probes able to detect GWs, add an IR telescope to one of them and add two extra pieces to the fleet for increased precision and redundancy. Now give them escape velocity to leave the solar system. Their combined antenna array would make a perfect radio telescope and also allow communicating with earth from huge distances.

      @atlasz911@atlasz91119 күн бұрын
  • I do love watching your stuff. Very informative with just the right peppering of dry humor. Thank you for being dissatisfied with the academic career world because it sent you on a path that has made our every-day world much richer!

    @Matthew-ju3nk@Matthew-ju3nk19 күн бұрын
  • Priceless content! love you!

    @user-om4it7oh8j@user-om4it7oh8j19 күн бұрын
  • "yes you can" the funniest joke in the Sabine canon 😂😂

    @avrahamishshalom1799@avrahamishshalom179919 күн бұрын
  • "Well, the problem is we canxt directly interact with it." "I know, how about we directly interact with it!?" "BRILLIANT!"

    @bartsanders1553@bartsanders155319 күн бұрын
  • Albert did his best. He had no tetrahedral spacecraft (which the aliens will yawn when they see, thinking we're showing carbon bonding again. _"How many times are those Earthlings going to show us that? Do they think they're special or something? We already played that record album they sent out after searching every museum in the quadrant for a player. It's like watching termites."_ ).

    @mikemondano3624@mikemondano362419 күн бұрын
    • The tetrahedron is self dual. The cube is dual to the octahedron. The dodecahedron is dual to the icosahedron -- Platonic solids. Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein. Dark energy is dual to dark matter. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to to co vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann curvature is dual! Positive curvature (dark matter) is dual to negative curvature (dark energy) -- Gauss or Riemann geometry. Dark energy or repulsive gravity is negative curvature or hyperbolic space (inflation) -- divergent. Gravitation is equivalent or dual (isomorphic) to acceleration -- Einstein's happiest thought, the principle of equivalence (duality). Curvature or gravitation is dual hence dark energy is dual! "Always two there are" -- Yoda.

      @hyperduality2838@hyperduality283818 күн бұрын
  • Thank you, Sabine. ❤

    @MadDragon75@MadDragon7519 күн бұрын
  • Thank you for the video.

    @eonasjohn@eonasjohn19 күн бұрын
  • So... A ligo in space that will find more gravitational waves and then call them dark influence😅

    @thelazy0ne@thelazy0ne19 күн бұрын
    • I guess you could differentiate waves from 'stuff' by the broad directional 'bounce' at lightspeed through the sensor grid vs a gradual drift, maybe? Still, seems like it would be very difficult to differentiate that from passing through conventional matter or influences from the variety of bombardments that escalate the further you get from protective fields of massive objects.

      @VukLazarMusic@VukLazarMusic19 күн бұрын
    • Gravitational waves are temporary while dark energy is accumulative. It's like differentiating between waves in an ocean and oceanic drift.

      @maxweber06@maxweber0619 күн бұрын
    • Actually, that will be the LISA mission fron ESA, that It will be launched sometime in the next decade. This proposal IS interesting, but IS in the phase "Hey, we could do this..."

      @eljcd@eljcd19 күн бұрын
    • In line with @VukLazarMusic I'd expect that the proposed analysis consists of discriminating periodicity from 'smooth' transitions. Assuming spacetime is flat a gravitational wave presents itself...well as a wave...while this experiment tries to study gravitational discrepencies over "large" distances of smooth space. If there's periodicity in gravity over distance then that wouldn't make sense (to me) so I assume they will take care of it. That said, I totally share the feeling behind your remark and it's justified in my opinion. So far all these dark matter studies have resulted in nothing substantial and the answer is always along the lines of some other proposed 'dark' mechanism or particle which cannot be detected directly. The dark matter discipline of cosmology is so fringy in origin and its scientific thinking, I can certainly relate to your joke.

      @MartinH81@MartinH8119 күн бұрын
    • LIGO is space is LISA, and I think SIM for a while. Idk, it's been around since the 90's.

      @DrDeuteron@DrDeuteron19 күн бұрын
  • Looks like a promising experiment. Loved the phone joke.

    @MosheFeder@MosheFeder20 күн бұрын
  • Thanks for spotting and reviewing this article, really appreciated! The idea of formations of several drag-compensated spacecraft to perform gravitational experiments is not new. I worked (in a previous working life) on Lisa Pathfinder (technology demonstrator for LISA) and I remember various configurations were assessed for LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, aiming to measure gravitation waves), besides the triangle which is current baseline. Among these was a tetrahedron like this one, and even a double tetrahedron (two tetrahedra located at different Langrange points, L4 and L5, if I remember well). But, indeed, the idea of using this concept for dark matter investigation, instead of "boring" gravitational waves measurement, is exciting. Also, the spacecrafts would fly much closer (~1000 km in this case, 2.5 million km for LISA) but in highly elliptical orbits, making the tetrahedron expand and collapse, in a sort of dance while revolving around the Sun... So cute! Maybe it's time for me to go back to some good old rocket science...

    @fabioceccanti2660@fabioceccanti266018 күн бұрын
  • What you are proposing here is what we already have proposed with LIGO in space, because they were supposed to set up two different different experiments at right angles. The only true difference would be if you send these spaceships on elliptical orbits around the sun that would take them inside of mercury orbit, and then out to Jupiter or Neptune.

    @cannapolis9009@cannapolis900919 күн бұрын
    • The tetrahedron is self dual. The cube is dual to the octahedron. The dodecahedron is dual to the icosahedron -- Platonic solids. Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein. Dark energy is dual to dark matter. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to to co vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann curvature is dual! Positive curvature (dark matter) is dual to negative curvature (dark energy) -- Gauss or Riemann geometry. Dark energy or repulsive gravity is negative curvature or hyperbolic space (inflation) -- divergent. Gravitation is equivalent or dual (isomorphic) to acceleration -- Einstein's happiest thought, the principle of equivalence (duality). Curvature or gravitation is dual hence dark energy is dual! "Always two there are" -- Yoda.

      @hyperduality2838@hyperduality283818 күн бұрын
  • Really interesting experiment indeed, Sabine! Thanks! 😊 Stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊

    @MCsCreations@MCsCreations19 күн бұрын
    • Just watched Demolition Man...Stay Safe John Spartan.

      @DrDeuteron@DrDeuteron19 күн бұрын
    • @@DrDeuteron ok... I guess.

      @MCsCreations@MCsCreations19 күн бұрын
  • The fly in the ointment I think is that dark matter interacts so weakly with regular matter. The measurements would have to be more precise than I think can be done.

    @MrMSBranham@MrMSBranham19 күн бұрын
    • but it doesn't intactly weakly w.r.t to gravity...it's dominant over us and our baryonic lives.

      @DrDeuteron@DrDeuteron19 күн бұрын
    • LIGO is able to measure the distance between its mirrors to an accuracy of 1/10,000th the width of a proton. That's equivalent to measuring the distance to Proxima Centauri (4.2 light years away) to an accuracy smaller than the width of a human hair. I should think that this experiment will have a similar accuracy. And if it fails to detect anything it will at least narrow down the scope of competing hypotheses.

      @nagualdesign@nagualdesign19 күн бұрын
    • @DrDeuteron You say this as if gravity were some ethereal wave devoid of a relationship to mass. If something reacts to gravity, then it reacts to the mass involved with that gravity. And in this case if something doesn't react very strongly to another mass, it then doesn't react any more strongly to the gravity of those other masses.

      @MrMSBranham@MrMSBranham19 күн бұрын
    • The tetrahedron is self dual. The cube is dual to the octahedron. The dodecahedron is dual to the icosahedron -- Platonic solids. Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein. Dark energy is dual to dark matter. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to to co vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann curvature is dual! Positive curvature (dark matter) is dual to negative curvature (dark energy) -- Gauss or Riemann geometry. Dark energy or repulsive gravity is negative curvature or hyperbolic space (inflation) -- divergent. Gravitation is equivalent or dual (isomorphic) to acceleration -- Einstein's happiest thought, the principle of equivalence (duality). Curvature or gravitation is dual hence dark energy is dual! "Always two there are" -- Yoda.

      @hyperduality2838@hyperduality283818 күн бұрын
  • Thanks for tackling all these wonderful topics and presenting them in an engaging manner! I wonder if you would be interested in giving a talk on the laws of thermodynamics, enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy.

    @B100956@B10095614 күн бұрын
  • Sabine Hossenfelder, I subscribed because your videos are super cool!

    @ZadiesLIVE@ZadiesLIVE17 күн бұрын
  • looking forward to read your telephone paper on Nature.

    @EugenioValdes@EugenioValdes19 күн бұрын
  • I think more than 4 should be used to account for the possibility of fractal dimensional spacetime. The more the better. Cheap minisats could work

    @JohnSmith-ut5th@JohnSmith-ut5th19 күн бұрын
  • The "shut up" sent me 😅😂

    @OmzLaw@OmzLaw19 күн бұрын
  • Finally 🎉with love from wales 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿

    @anthonyowen6204@anthonyowen620419 күн бұрын
  • Wow 😮 that could be interpreted a couple of different ways.

    @louislesch3878@louislesch387819 күн бұрын
  • LISA is planned to have three satellites that measures via laser the precise distance to measure the gravitational waves, maybe extending that detector with a satellite more can allow not only detect GW on the LISA plane but also those micro differences in the gravitational field that this tetrahedron detector is supposed to see (and can be a feasible extension to have even more precision on the LISA detector). Just a brainstorm!

    @LeopoldoGhielmetti@LeopoldoGhielmetti19 күн бұрын
  • I love your sense of humor.

    @gordontaras@gordontaras19 күн бұрын
  • I’m expecting that paper Sabine

    @morryDad@morryDad19 күн бұрын
  • You make me smile and laugh while learning. Thank you

    @Urspo@Urspo19 күн бұрын
  • Direction and plan gets my stamp of approval.🤣

    @davidsault9698@davidsault969819 күн бұрын
  • Oddly enough, that phone does put an upper bound on the gravitino flux passing thru it: it must be less than what would be required to gravitationally pull the hammer into the bell.

    @darkwinter7395@darkwinter739519 күн бұрын
  • Sending you lots of good wishes and gravatinos. 😂

    @markdowning7959@markdowning795920 күн бұрын
  • Wow, four vintage Cowlifter Mk2 saucers, one of the first mass-produced counterspin models! How exciting!

    @ZoggFromBetelgeuse@ZoggFromBetelgeuse19 күн бұрын
  • This idea of a screening mechanism is interesting to me. Are there any other physical examples of similar screening mechanisms that we know of?

    @cdanhowell@cdanhowell19 күн бұрын
  • This sounds a lot like gravitational waves detection, where the smallest vibrations matter. It would be very really difficult to stabilize 4 moving spacecrafts relative to each other.

    @AdibasWakfu@AdibasWakfu19 күн бұрын
  • Two thoughts: could you do this by landing something with a retroreflector on three (or more) solid bodies? We have one on the moon already. We could target Mars, an asteroid, or any stable moon. The cross-links would probably be too hard and visibility would be tricky, but they'd be stable and you could directly compare specific position measurements with GR and MOND predictions. Also, this sounds a lot like LISA the space based gravitational wave observatory in space. This would need another satellite (I believe that only has two). You'd probably want them on three orthogonal axes vs in a tetrahedron, but that should just change the math a bit and not interfere with the science. It's always easier to justify the funding if you can satisfy multiple objectives.

    @jml_53@jml_5319 күн бұрын
    • The tetrahedron is self dual. The cube is dual to the octahedron. The dodecahedron is dual to the icosahedron -- Platonic solids. Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein. Dark energy is dual to dark matter. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to to co vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann curvature is dual! Positive curvature (dark matter) is dual to negative curvature (dark energy) -- Gauss or Riemann geometry. Dark energy or repulsive gravity is negative curvature or hyperbolic space (inflation) -- divergent. Gravitation is equivalent or dual (isomorphic) to acceleration -- Einstein's happiest thought, the principle of equivalence (duality). Curvature or gravitation is dual hence dark energy is dual! "Always two there are" -- Yoda.

      @hyperduality2838@hyperduality283818 күн бұрын
  • Sabine gets better and better !!

    @gerwichemerstorfer6980@gerwichemerstorfer698019 күн бұрын
  • Nice subject. I would have appreciate more technical details about the spaceships, the distance between them, the direction they will go, the release date, or simply the name of this project :-)

    @louisfreneau8328@louisfreneau832817 күн бұрын
    • then read the paper

      @PelycheeaceRA@PelycheeaceRA17 күн бұрын
  • such an interesting question

    @josephyoung6749@josephyoung674919 күн бұрын
  • I have been told that heated things have more mass than cold things? Well then, since the majority of matter in the universe is in a plasma state, dark matter might be either heated space/time or a temperature fluxed Higgs field? Either way, would isolating matter from the Higgs field create a hot or cold condition? I'll say that it would create a cold condition, somewhat akin to evaporation. Re-introducing said matter, incrementally, back and forth into the Higgs field would regulate gravity's effects thus making a thing lighter or heavier as it is manipulated in and out of the field. Also, as matter "falls" toward mass, might the movement of matter in and out of the Higgs field be used as a type of locomotion? Zoooom!

    @djsnyder001@djsnyder00117 күн бұрын
  • Thanks!

    @bpattontx@bpattontx17 күн бұрын
  • Sabine yelling at dark energy made my day :)

    @synchro-dentally1965@synchro-dentally196519 күн бұрын
  • That shut up was a perfect balance between annoyance and "this is the last god damn time"

    @jaz4742@jaz474219 күн бұрын
  • What is the distance between the vertices of the tetrahedron? Meters? Kilometers?

    @Abmotsad@Abmotsad19 күн бұрын
    • She answered the question above, it´s about one thousand kilometers,not much in the solarsystem

      @Thomas-gk42@Thomas-gk4219 күн бұрын
    • @@Thomas-gk42 Copy. I missed it.

      @Abmotsad@Abmotsad19 күн бұрын
  • Dear Sabine, will the precision of the measurements be of the same order as in the case of Ligo? So with corrections for the different gravitational effects of the planets and the Sun on individual ships, and also from one ship to another (third and fourth) and the pressure of the solar wind? - Is the entire project realistic due to the multitude of disturbing factors in space?

    @Lech_Robakiewicz@Lech_Robakiewicz19 күн бұрын
  • The search for gravitational waves started back in the late 1960's. It only took 50+ years to build equipment sensitive enough to find them. Take a guess on how many years before this new experiment will succeed.

    @lesterscrough9762@lesterscrough976219 күн бұрын
    • Ignoring the transportation problem for a moment, such a detector in space is much easier to get right. Because all the earthly noises aren't there. Like earthquakes, trucks, weather, visitors stamping their foot on the floor, ...

      @traumflug@traumflug19 күн бұрын
  • Could you make a video on how hypotheses not involving dark matter explains the gravitational lensing results typically attributed to dark matter? That seems to be the strongest indicator for there being an invisible matter-like thing interacting with gravity and I've often heard that MOND and other modified gravity theories can't account for that, although I wouldn't expect that to actually be the case since no serious scientist would keep on working on those lines of research if they had such a massive flaw.

    @taimunozhan@taimunozhan16 күн бұрын
  • Looking forward to the phone gravitino paper!

    @Walter-Montalvo@Walter-Montalvo20 күн бұрын
  • I think what creates all these illusions is time... we see galaxies spinning too fast than they should... because their time is different... they live in a faster world... for us... our watch sees all this quickly..... like flies that we can't hit, because they see us in slow motion

    @jorgecrow4864@jorgecrow486419 күн бұрын
  • I'll keep my eyes open for it as well. I'll let you all know if I see it 🥰

    @FunFindsYT@FunFindsYT19 күн бұрын
  • Sabine please do a video on Dr. Turok’s work!!

    @ShadeNinja2990@ShadeNinja299019 күн бұрын
  • A gross oversimplification I know, but the experiment immediately made me think of the Michelson-Morley Experiment, seeking to detect and measure the hypothesized ether. Einstein, as I recall, was influenced by their results in formulating Special Relativity.

    @rudolphpyatt4833@rudolphpyatt483319 күн бұрын
  • Sound like bonus goal for the LISA gravity wave detector

    @kooskroos@kooskroos19 күн бұрын
  • What if the deviations are smaller than the system can measure? On a Universe scale the deviations could be minutely small and only count in the absolute aggregate. Plus there is always the plus or minus factor in any measurement system. The deviation could be contained within the accuracy of the measuring system.

    @anthonycarbone3826@anthonycarbone382619 күн бұрын
    • that's how all measurements in physics work. you figure out the precision of your measurement system and if you don't detect an effect you can only say that the effect (probably) does not exist at the scale you can measure, not that the effect doesnt exist at all. same reason we need bigger and bigger particle colliders. so to actually answer your question, some people would move on to a different theory and some people would go back to the theory, tweak it to predict an effect below the measurement scale, and then say we need to send out more spaceships with more precise instruments (or to fly in a larger pattern, or more than 4 spaceships at once, etc.)

      @netezon@netezon19 күн бұрын
  • I'd prefer to see you advertising some Taw Valley Cheddar.

    @ajsmith7619@ajsmith761919 күн бұрын
  • Would 4 satellites, equipped with LIGO capabilities make a good gravitational wave detector?

    @carlbrenninkmeijer8925@carlbrenninkmeijer892519 күн бұрын
  • Good luck on your Gravitino Nature submission...!

    @DiegoPereyra@DiegoPereyra19 күн бұрын
  • We're currently testing our Kinetic Mixing Detector. To date we've only managed to detect your phone. Please move Abert 1.07 meters from the device. Thank you.

    @MrPlusses@MrPlusses19 күн бұрын
  • We already found something when the Voyagers found far, far more magnetic field variation than ever predicted after the heliopause.

    @onehitpick9758@onehitpick975819 күн бұрын
  • 2:58 I like how they fake the protection onto itself in a lot of scenes, like there's mirrors everywhere.

    @phizicks@phizicks19 күн бұрын
  • Put in for a research grant to develop and test the phone gravitino detector ;) > Ok, on a more serious note. Do flying saucers offer a more accurate result over triangular space craft/detectors?

    @axle.student@axle.student18 күн бұрын
  • A space array is the obvious next step for large scale detection.

    @ChadwickJames@ChadwickJames19 күн бұрын
  • i cracked a loud laugh when yoy said "shat up!" 🤣

    @cebas7@cebas719 күн бұрын
  • She nailed a perfect ending. What a natural talent!

    @NickMirro@NickMirro18 күн бұрын
  • Graviton-based phone calls ought to be possible, you just need a supply of black hole pairs to merge at timed intervals, and a really sensitive phone to receive the signals.

    @gcewing@gcewing19 күн бұрын
  • OMG! That was THE funniest phone joke yet!!!!

    @icaleinns6233@icaleinns623319 күн бұрын
  • "Gravitino phone calls"... hahahahaha....👏👏👏👏😂🤣😂🤣😂🤣🖖🖖🖖🖖🖖🖖

    @suelingsusu1339@suelingsusu133919 күн бұрын
  • Wait, I think my cat might be a dark matter detector. Time to write up that research paper proposal and submit it for grant money.

    @zkeletonz001@zkeletonz00119 күн бұрын
  • superfluid dark matter...? Ticks a lot of boxes. Topologicaltastic.

    @TheAdeybob@TheAdeybob19 күн бұрын
  • Imagine trying to measure the pressure of the air in the room using a differential against a floor of bubbles also in the room, not realizing the bubbles also contained air as well. The answers may be hiding in plain sight underneath what we already know, we’ve just unwittingly taken certain things for granted enough to not bridge the connection🤔…

    @MarsStarcruiser@MarsStarcruiser19 күн бұрын
  • Wouldn't a gravity wave also alter the scale of whatever is being used to measure distance, effectively disguising the effect of the wave?

    @Deploracle@Deploracle19 күн бұрын
  • Our conventional understanding of space may require reexamination due to inherent limitations in human cognitive processes, particularly in interpreting non-existence or "negative" constructs. The human brain struggles with concepts that are fundamentally void or absent, such as the instruction to not think about a specific object, like a blue ball, or to avoid an action, like licking a frozen lamp post. This cognitive challenge extends to understanding spatial dimensions. If we consider the vacuum between celestial bodies-take, for example, the region between Earth and the Moon-it raises the question: if there is "nothing" in that intermediate space, does the concept of distance even apply? Our perceptual and cognitive limitations might be misleading us in understanding true spatial relationships and the nature of "empty" space. Thus, it is plausible that our current theories about space and distance might need rethinking to accommodate a framework that aligns more closely with these cognitive phenomena.

    @Dina_tankar_mina_ord@Dina_tankar_mina_ord19 күн бұрын
  • Why launch only 4... if one fails to function perfectly then it won't work. Would be better to launch like 6+

    @patsk8872@patsk887219 күн бұрын
  • I like those protector toys. I want to know how many times I can get hit in the eye with a green laser before it it starts damaging my retinas :)

    @csbluechip@csbluechip19 күн бұрын
  • I wish they would fly a sensor away from Earth and check to see if the Casimir force is noticeably different than here on Earth. Seems like that would be interesting to know about the quantum vacuum.

    @nias2631@nias263119 күн бұрын
  • Is there a pre print for the phone paper available?

    @lgolem09l@lgolem09l19 күн бұрын
  • Hi Sabine. How far from each other do these four spacecrafts need to be? Woul it possible to add some more instruments on that spacecrafts, that mesure other things, that may answer open questions, or even form a kind of telecope like that earth bound telescope-arrays, that made it possible to get fotos form black holes. Or that those spacecrafts also look for gavtiatation waves? I`m asking because you have to sell this idea to get founded. And if those spacecrafts could be a multi purpose system, it think it would sell better.

    @matthiasriedl9645@matthiasriedl964517 күн бұрын
  • Watch it turn out to be something simple like, in the absence of matter space time expands. Space time simply pushes space time, but we can never really measure that since we typically need matter as a reference for measurements.

    @DuskTheViking@DuskTheViking17 күн бұрын
    • Occam’s razor approach, i like it, but if you presented that to academia… “you’re getting too close you need to go”

      @epicenterbasshd9636@epicenterbasshd96362 күн бұрын
  • Isn't the tetrahedron a 3D gravitational wave observatory? Perhaps the LISA space-based GW observatory could be a precursor/pathfinder. I am reminded that a pathfinder for the James Webb telescope (the NGST Pathfinder) was in the initial project plan but scuttled to save costs. How did that work out?

    @whydidnttheyaskevans2431@whydidnttheyaskevans243119 күн бұрын
  • Hi Sabina, About 6 years ago, when I spoke with Joe Silk, he said that observationally, there are at least "more than a dozen" clusters or galaxies that have no dark matter in them. Similarly, a couple of months ago when I spoke with Mike Shara, he said "There are a half dozen dark matter galaxies," i.e. less than 100 stars staying together in the presence of (inferred) dark matter for long durations of time. Doesn't this mean that changing GR wouldn't allow these observations?

    @bobkors@bobkors19 күн бұрын
  • Dark Energy is my favorite Parliament tribute band!

    @swistedfilms@swistedfilms19 күн бұрын
  • You need 4 points for a specific 3d configuration in time (for example now). The same reason you need 4 GPS satellites to find your position

    @st0rmrider@st0rmrider19 күн бұрын
    • Exactly, and for the same reason, a table with three legs can´t wabble.

      @Thomas-gk42@Thomas-gk4219 күн бұрын
    • Wouldn't you only need 3 satellites since you're the 4th point?

      @SeventhSaucer@SeventhSaucer19 күн бұрын
    • Minimum 3 sat. for gps. The more, the better

      @martf1061@martf106119 күн бұрын
    • The tetrahedron is self dual. The cube is dual to the octahedron. The dodecahedron is dual to the icosahedron -- Platonic solids. Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein. Dark energy is dual to dark matter. Vectors (contravariant) are dual to to co vectors (covariant) -- dual bases or Riemann curvature is dual! Positive curvature (dark matter) is dual to negative curvature (dark energy) -- Gauss or Riemann geometry. Dark energy or repulsive gravity is negative curvature or hyperbolic space (inflation) -- divergent. Gravitation is equivalent or dual (isomorphic) to acceleration -- Einstein's happiest thought, the principle of equivalence (duality). Curvature or gravitation is dual hence dark energy is dual! "Always two there are" -- Yoda.

      @hyperduality2838@hyperduality283818 күн бұрын
  • I came up with this idea years ago. But I "only" have a degree in physics, electronics and computer science, so the establishment ignored me.

    @BritishBeachcomber@BritishBeachcomber15 күн бұрын
  • That is just LISA with one more spacecraft.

    @_TeXoN_@_TeXoN_19 күн бұрын
  • With gravitational influences permeating space, how would you maintain a tetrahedral relationship of the detectors. And how would you tell the difference between dark matter and gravitational influences?

    @pat8988@pat898819 күн бұрын
  • Chameleon circuit! Doctor Who has that on his Tardis. Now I'm beginning to understand this 'dark' stuff -- it's like Time Lord engineering.

    @virtual2152@virtual215219 күн бұрын
  • I am not sure how four space craft can do this. Is each space craft producing a different color light and the other space craft is reflecting it back to the original’s sensor? Can spacecraft be so precisely aligned in space? How do the spacecraft calculate the distance from the sun and other big objects? Does there need to be another laser on earth or the moon? How is mass measured if they use propellant?

    @thomasreedy4751@thomasreedy475119 күн бұрын
  • A question for Sabine: Given that the differential equations of quantum mechanics are linear and the equations of general relativity are nonlinear, what can be said, if anything, about the differential equations of quantum gravity?

    @semigallian@semigallian16 күн бұрын
  • The tetrad if configured by masses of the spacecraft and distances should have a center of gravity somewhere in the volume. I would think that each craft would have a clocking mechanism as well to look for deviation. I'm not sure if the interpretation would mean much other than spacetime points exhibit extremely slightly different values.

    @MarkThomas-hm3ju@MarkThomas-hm3ju10 күн бұрын
  • Maybe it’s the noise cancelling headphones but the “yes you can” in the beginning scared me , I thought someone was behind me

    @1xdreykex1@1xdreykex119 күн бұрын
  • If the deviation isn't interpolating but only happens after a certain threshold is achieved, that would actually be a much more puzzling and therefore interesting result. But could well be explainable considering that the quantum world behaves in a similar way.

    @TheTwober@TheTwober17 күн бұрын
  • I adore that cheesy sales pitch that Sabine adopted to flog galaxy projector. I'm gonna buy one ;-)

    @HitAndMissLab@HitAndMissLab19 күн бұрын
  • You don't need anything if the gravity waves themselves can produce nodes and anti-nodes, it's just ripples in the fabric of space itself displacing everything contained in the surrounding medium. It's like expecting something else to be causing ripples in a bucket while the water still hasn't settled from sloshing about.

    @pauljs75@pauljs7518 күн бұрын
  • The Galaxy Lamp is only available with an American standard plug and works with a Voltage of 120 Volts. If you apply 230 Volts you can simulate the Big Bang

    @stephenmedley5844@stephenmedley584416 күн бұрын
  • Dripping with sarcasm, as usual😂 Sabine, you bad girl!

    @orangequant@orangequant19 күн бұрын
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