This Is NOT 50/50

2019 ж. 14 Қаз.
3 013 249 Рет қаралды

The easiest fair games depend on equal, binary outcomes like flipping a coin or drawing a playing card that can only be either red or black. If a game depends on both players choosing an equally-probable outcome, how can one player have a massive advantage over the other?
Welcome to the Humble-Nishiyama Randomness Game, a variant of Walter Penney’s classic demonstration of the power of non-transitivity in simple games. In a straightforward transitive situation, A beats B and B beats C -- which means A beats C, too. But if A beats B, B beats C, and C beats A… we’ve gone non-transitive just like Rock, Paper, Scissors. By jumping into the non-transitive game loop at the most advantageous point, Player 2 can become an overwhelming favorite every time. It looks like dumb luck, but it’s really just smart math.
** SOURCES **
“Penney Ante: Counterintuitive Probabilities in Coin Tossing,” by RS Nickerson: www.math.unl.edu/~sdunbar1/Pro...
“Humble-Nishiyama Randomness Game - A New Variation on Penney's Coin Game,” by Steve Humble and Yutaka Nishiyama: citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/...
"Probability of a tossed coin landing on edge,” by Daniel B. Murray and Scott W. Teare: journals.aps.org/pre/abstract...
"Antibiotic-mediated antagonism leads to a bacterial game of rock-paper-scissors in vivo,” by Benjamin C. Kirkup & Margaret A. Riley: www.nature.com/articles/natur...
** LINKS **
Vsauce2 Links
Twitter: / vsaucetwo
Facebook: / vsaucetwo
Hosted and Produced by Kevin Lieber
Instagram: / kevlieber
Twitter: / kevinlieber
Podcast: / thecreateunknown
Research And Writing by Matthew Tabor
/ tabortcu
Editing by AspectScience
/ @tommocarroll
Huge Thanks To Paula Lieber
www.etsy.com/shop/Craftality
Get Vsauce's favorite science and math toys delivered to your door!
www.curiositybox.com/
Select Music By Jake Chudnow: / jakechudnow
#education #vsauce2

Пікірлер
  • I can't sell the meme cards but I hope you enjoy Woven Math! Wrap your body in sweet, sweet knowledge. represent.com/store/vsauce2

    @Vsauce2@Vsauce24 жыл бұрын
    • s e l l m e m e c a r d s n o w

      @cynn855@cynn8554 жыл бұрын
    • I never thought I would desire a deck of memes, but this now plagues me.

      @edub12385@edub123854 жыл бұрын
    • Could you give away a set of meme cards for free with every purchase of two or three Woven Math shirts?

      @pandoradoggle@pandoradoggle4 жыл бұрын
    • I am sad

      @alice11307@alice113074 жыл бұрын
    • Can I have a PDF of every card in the deck? I need to know the memes

      @Maxio68@Maxio684 жыл бұрын
  • My opponent: chooses the Sequence RRR Me: Haha cards go BRR

    @EastPort10@EastPort103 жыл бұрын
    • Thats a good meme right there

      @toktopuss@toktopuss3 жыл бұрын
    • That’s really clever

      @mario64thane@mario64thane3 жыл бұрын
    • Too bad you made the comment late. I bet you would have gotten a lot of likes

      @renocicchi7346@renocicchi73463 жыл бұрын
    • @BigLBA1 Yes. That's the joke.

      @EastPort10@EastPort103 жыл бұрын
    • You realize he did this sequence so its not like ur smart lol

      @guscichoski@guscichoski3 жыл бұрын
  • It’s fair Michael: Or is it?

    @treysabre2943@treysabre29434 жыл бұрын
    • Or Kevin

      @burntnutz69@burntnutz694 жыл бұрын
    • @@burntnutz69 Or is it?

      @doommaker4000@doommaker40004 жыл бұрын
    • A fair game would be the same game but you both reveal the pattern at the same time and if you chose the same you just do it again.

      @rusduderus@rusduderus4 жыл бұрын
    • r/suddenlyvsauce

      @bradleygipson4683@bradleygipson46834 жыл бұрын
    • @@rusduderus as rock paper scissors

      @laikaperraespacial6025@laikaperraespacial60254 жыл бұрын
  • Dream didn't cheat, he was just playing a non-transitive game

    @AkeemKaleeb@AkeemKaleeb3 жыл бұрын
    • No

      @sagittarius5466@sagittarius54663 жыл бұрын
    • Bruh I exhaled reading this

      @holtzwizard2094@holtzwizard20943 жыл бұрын
    • This joke is top tier, this deserves way more likes lol.

      @ahumanperson3649@ahumanperson36493 жыл бұрын
    • @@ahumanperson3649 the thing is 5 months ago dream didnt admit to cheating but when you saw this comment you thought it was a joke because you know he did cheat when in realatiy @Akeem Kaleeb did not know and was geniun and made a joke of it so the joke cancles out carry the cheat and you left with a man who just lied why is that top teir also 160 likes is alot you only have 5 friends so he just got 32 more people liking him than you do in your life

      @tshandcannon548@tshandcannon5482 жыл бұрын
    • @@tshandcannon548 please use punctuation, I have no idea what you are trying to say.

      @ahumanperson3649@ahumanperson36492 жыл бұрын
  • This game is like rock-paper-scissors, except you let your opponent reveal first...

    @Nysvarth@Nysvarth3 жыл бұрын
    • False, the odds of beating your opponent if they reveal first in Rock Paper Scissors is 100%

      @devyn1231@devyn12312 жыл бұрын
    • @@devyn1231 But the fundamental concept is the same, its just the concept is REALLY REALLY strong in rock paper scissors, whereas with the 3 card game is just REALLY strong. Hence why your odds go up significantly, but not to 100%.

      @travisdunlap4526@travisdunlap45262 жыл бұрын
    • @@devyn1231 idk I've lost when the other person revealed first

      @dungeonquestboi32@dungeonquestboi322 жыл бұрын
    • @@dungeonquestboi32 I mean if they tell you what they are going to play first you should never lose

      @devyn1231@devyn12312 жыл бұрын
    • @@devyn1231 the intimidation factor is too much for me

      @dungeonquestboi32@dungeonquestboi322 жыл бұрын
  • Every time I watch a vsauce vid: Me: No Kevin Yes! Me: Yes? Kevin: No!!

    @xarfin7394@xarfin73944 жыл бұрын
    • XARFIN Kevin knows all

      @carsonmorris127@carsonmorris1274 жыл бұрын
    • 00

      @Saoru13@Saoru134 жыл бұрын
    • Me: right Kevin: WRONG!

      @nametager7539@nametager75394 жыл бұрын
    • Mood

      @HarlequinHeart16@HarlequinHeart164 жыл бұрын
    • It's a nontransitive game! "No" is beaten by "Yes" and "Yes" is beaten by "No", of course, the second person always wins

      @mementomori7160@mementomori71604 жыл бұрын
  • Vsauce 1 and 3: come back in 2019 Vsauce 2: Still been here this entire time

    @calebcustombricks2631@calebcustombricks26314 жыл бұрын
    • I think the universe in in some sort of alignment

      @carsonmorris127@carsonmorris1274 жыл бұрын
    • Wait... there is a vsauce 3?

      @ChadRazorback@ChadRazorback4 жыл бұрын
    • @@ChadRazorback yes

      @calebcustombricks2631@calebcustombricks26314 жыл бұрын
    • @@ChadRazorback It's great too!

      @happyperson1851@happyperson18514 жыл бұрын
  • I’m not trusting a game to be fair if the other person gets to go first.

    @OmicronGaming@OmicronGaming3 жыл бұрын
    • Even if you agree to swap who starts. If you start, you just pick one thats least bad for you. If the other person by accident picks the right choice you will loose 2:1. If he has to start first, just apply said algorithm. Overtime you will win.

      @cheetahrunout@cheetahrunout3 жыл бұрын
    • I think the point is that if you "let the other person go first" you win, not the other way round.

      @James-ye7rp@James-ye7rp3 жыл бұрын
    • @@cheetahrunout but they’re all equal at first lmak

      @hercourdog5154@hercourdog51543 жыл бұрын
    • @@hercourdog5154 There are ones with the least bad match-ups.

      @fantomp1773@fantomp17733 жыл бұрын
    • @@fantomp1773 no there isn’t

      @hercourdog5154@hercourdog51543 жыл бұрын
  • I loved to say "breathtaking" at the same time that Vsauce did, I knew that he was going to say it. Perfect.

    @zerfex2@zerfex23 жыл бұрын
    • breathtaking

      @brianjodwischat8759@brianjodwischat87593 жыл бұрын
    • but you are vsauce

      @CronicasDeGisthia@CronicasDeGisthia3 жыл бұрын
    • Perfection.

      @ayyron13@ayyron133 жыл бұрын
    • Simply turn on the captions😊😉

      @DryestDaisyDryestDaisy@DryestDaisyDryestDaisy3 жыл бұрын
    • Congratulations

      @kalilover9538@kalilover95383 жыл бұрын
  • I just watched a 12 minute video explaining if the second player gets to pick after the first in rock-paper-scissors, the game is unfair.

    @fjordlynn3680@fjordlynn36804 жыл бұрын
    • lol

      @xexpaguette@xexpaguette4 жыл бұрын
    • hahaha

      @kevaldave9209@kevaldave92094 жыл бұрын
    • My thoughts exactly. Non-transitivity is a terrible "explanation" of this paradox.

      @Cowtymsmiesznego@Cowtymsmiesznego4 жыл бұрын
    • Thank you. I am at 1:00 and will stop now

      @maxrichter4534@maxrichter45344 жыл бұрын
    • F me, this is why I don't watch stuff from these channels

      @santiagoley6403@santiagoley64034 жыл бұрын
  • I‘ll try to introduce this as a new drinking game with my friends

    @_l3018@_l30184 жыл бұрын
    • Yes

      @raskr8137@raskr81374 жыл бұрын
    • Make sure to use vodka.

      @just_a_rock@just_a_rock4 жыл бұрын
    • Be sure to let us know how it goes!

      @luxhey@luxhey4 жыл бұрын
    • Oh boy

      @scrap5051@scrap50514 жыл бұрын
    • or, you could just not have friends and drink by yourself

      @43615@436154 жыл бұрын
  • I appreciated the 30 seconds spent on explaining how rock-paper-scissors work. I needed an example of non-transitivity after having an example of non-transitivity.

    @simon-pierrelussier2775@simon-pierrelussier27752 жыл бұрын
    • Honestly I thought that the rock-paper-scissors was a way better example than the pizza-taco-dog food. But at least the pizza-taco-dog food example was easier to understand than the card game. Of course the card game seems way more fun than rock-paper-scissors though.

      @LuciusC@LuciusC Жыл бұрын
  • Kevin: this is my dearest friend! Also Kevin: breaks his legs and then throws him off the table.

    @carotee7918@carotee79183 жыл бұрын
  • I mean real life is also like this game.

    @achievedchair17@achievedchair174 жыл бұрын
    • In the "there is no best choice"- way or in the "Hehe, crying Carson"-way?

      @Tudsamfa@Tudsamfa4 жыл бұрын
    • @@Tudsamfa both 😂

      @adamtopher3633@adamtopher36334 жыл бұрын
    • In "that is breathtaking" way

      @ferraripie1995@ferraripie19954 жыл бұрын
    • Society🤔😉

      @sdrawkcab_emanresu@sdrawkcab_emanresu4 жыл бұрын
    • But everyone beats me

      @lestaironblack1259@lestaironblack12594 жыл бұрын
  • Hehehe Crying Carson That was pretty cool

    @XComb@XComb4 жыл бұрын
    • I thought that was Nathaniel Bandy. Like, really.

      @cardboardleaf7971@cardboardleaf79714 жыл бұрын
    • @@cardboardleaf7971 disgusting

      @Kaiwala@Kaiwala4 жыл бұрын
    • Kaiwala why

      @weirdchamp4601@weirdchamp46014 жыл бұрын
    • @@cardboardleaf7971 h--h--how lmao

      @XComb@XComb4 жыл бұрын
    • @@cardboardleaf7971 SAME HERE

      @aaditmaheshwari4080@aaditmaheshwari40804 жыл бұрын
  • The simplest way to try to explain most of the scenarios is that you want your last 2 colors to be same as opponents first 2 colors. That way every time your opponent gets their 2nd color correct, there is about 50% chance that it finishes your sequence.

    @ne5o2@ne5o22 жыл бұрын
    • Thank you! I came down here looking for an explanation as to WHY the game wasn't transitive, and now it makes perfect sense... or at least the 2:1 ratios do.

      @patchpen5613@patchpen56137 ай бұрын
  • 7:01 Everyone: No you can't just make a fair game unfair Kevin: Haha maths go BRRR

    @elliotardouin-nesbit5657@elliotardouin-nesbit56573 жыл бұрын
    • BRR*

      @R4M1R0MC@R4M1R0MC3 жыл бұрын
    • BRR*

      @yipp-7841@yipp-78413 жыл бұрын
    • Maths go BRR, I go BBR.

      @brianmchaney7473@brianmchaney74733 жыл бұрын
    • @@brianmchaney7473 i go RBB

      @DND20@DND203 жыл бұрын
    • @@DND20 i go RRB

      @anikahdunn4551@anikahdunn45513 жыл бұрын
  • Kevin: new math merch is avaiable Me: how much for the meme cards ?

    @vitkloucek3739@vitkloucek37394 жыл бұрын
    • Same

      @user-hi8jv6cw8n@user-hi8jv6cw8n4 жыл бұрын
    • i'd buy them for sure LMAO

      @s1l3nttt@s1l3nttt4 жыл бұрын
    • Dead comment format

      @heilhonkler6981@heilhonkler69814 жыл бұрын
    • Ditto!

      @gizmoteknodekker7060@gizmoteknodekker70604 жыл бұрын
  • When I see Vsauce and Phil Swift, I click.

    @deltawdunn6597@deltawdunn65974 жыл бұрын
    • I am simple guy

      @Piotr_Tokarz@Piotr_Tokarz4 жыл бұрын
    • @@Piotr_Tokarz DANG I had one job, huh?

      @deltawdunn6597@deltawdunn65974 жыл бұрын
    • Dont forget sad keanu

      @drakands8452@drakands84524 жыл бұрын
    • Vsau that you're Swift.

      @KamilKhanYT@KamilKhanYT4 жыл бұрын
    • Keanu Reeves: Am i a joke to you?

      @monkg3i@monkg3i4 жыл бұрын
  • For those wondering a more simplified logical explanation as to why this certain strategy works for this game. This strategy pretty much maximizes P2 to be able to stay one step ahead P1 when P1 is doing good. When P1 is doing good, P2 is likely doing better. (1). Why is the last two sequence of P2's = the first two of P1's? Suppose P1 chose the sequence BRB. Now, consider when the most recent two cards drawn out the deck are BR, that is, P1 now has a 50% chance of winning the game depending on whether the next card drawn is B or not. P1 has seemed to have gotten through the more difficult part of the game of hitting the first two cards (25%), and now just needs that final measly 50%. Good for P1, right? Well, maybe. Given that the last two sequence of P2's choice were the same as P1's first two, this would imply that P2 would have either picked R[BR] or B[BR]. Meaning that depending on what was pulled prior to that BR (the one that P1 is currently so happy about), there is a 50:50 chance that P2 has already won. So any time that P1 gets to the point where they have a 50:50 chance of winning (25% probability), P2 would've already won 50% of the time. (2). Why is P2's first sequence = the opposite of P1's second? This is essentially to counter what was said above in (1). To basically guarantee to never be behind P1 whenever P2 is starting to heat up (gets their first card selected). To expand a bit more, anytime P2 gets a hit on their first card, IF P1 hadn't won already, P1 would either be on their zeroth or first card. Because P2's first sequence is the opposite of P1's second, it'll never be the case that P1 is one draw away from winning (50%) while P2 is two draws away (25%). This part is a bit trickier to explain, I think applying this logic to (1) will help. So there you have it. Tl;dr, Whenever P2 loses, they were just simply unlucky. When P1 wins, they were simply lucky.

    @chimaru8943@chimaru89432 жыл бұрын
    • Thank you, it bugged me that this "leading" aspect was not actually explained in the video at all.

      @davidkoch3758@davidkoch3758 Жыл бұрын
  • Once you brought up the idea of (non)transitive games I was hoping you would use Rock Paper Scissors as an example. Did not disappoint! This was the best way I found to explain this idea to students when I tutored

    @Bonobo_JoJo@Bonobo_JoJo2 жыл бұрын
  • I think i represent everyone when i ask: WHERE CAN I BUY THIS DECK OF CARDS?!?

    @nikolasrogkotis6873@nikolasrogkotis68734 жыл бұрын
    • Yup

      @davidmadiar3928@davidmadiar39284 жыл бұрын
    • You absolutely do

      @Rafael-ft1hu@Rafael-ft1hu4 жыл бұрын
    • indeed

      @ObjectsCountries@ObjectsCountries4 жыл бұрын
    • It looks this deck came from makeplayingcards.com or somrthing

      @Rafael-ft1hu@Rafael-ft1hu4 жыл бұрын
    • You can't. It would violate copyright for the images not owned by Vsauce, and some of those copyright holders (like Disney) could sue them for selling these.

      @kane2742@kane27424 жыл бұрын
  • Plot twist Your friends says that he wants to go second or else he's not playing.

    @Me-ie5tc@Me-ie5tc4 жыл бұрын
    • I'd like to think that's already happened with you 😂

      @namansingla2975@namansingla29754 жыл бұрын
    • Had sharted earlier, stay safe out there my friend

      @arejay9509@arejay95094 жыл бұрын
    • Plot twist You dont have a friend

      @LD-dt1sk@LD-dt1sk4 жыл бұрын
    • that is exactly what i was about to say

      @thishdude@thishdude4 жыл бұрын
    • You pick the ones with less chances of losing. Say RBB with 33% chance of losing.

      @cizma27@cizma274 жыл бұрын
  • This is incredible and this guy has a great presentation. Top class video.

    @1218jmm@1218jmm2 жыл бұрын
  • When you shuffle the deck, but put some cards face up: The odds are against us, because I can see the evens

    @jeremy.oliver@jeremy.oliver3 жыл бұрын
  • KZhead: i suppose you’re all wondering why I gathered you here today

    @nikolajdamstengaard4633@nikolajdamstengaard46334 жыл бұрын
    • Actually an incredibly creative comment :)

      @carealoo744@carealoo7444 жыл бұрын
    • Today

      @Davidamp@Davidamp4 жыл бұрын
    • Today

      @Ethan-ft7pi@Ethan-ft7pi4 жыл бұрын
    • @@Ethan-ft7pi Very creative name, even if a redundant comment.

      @carealoo744@carealoo7444 жыл бұрын
    • This is Vsauce2. He has over 4 million subscribers. I can assure you that 90% of viewers are here because they're subscribed. Not really something that needs to be questioned.

      @cameodamaneo@cameodamaneo4 жыл бұрын
  • “What is Fair?” It’s a shorter way of saying *FORWARD AERIAL*

    @RaptorBlossom@RaptorBlossom4 жыл бұрын
    • Smash Bros reference

      @theultimatewaluigi4594@theultimatewaluigi45944 жыл бұрын
    • It’s the haha funny move

      @cheesesushi9997@cheesesushi99974 жыл бұрын
    • @@cheesesushi9997 Is it still funny? I thought it was dead. Alpharad looks like he's had enough of it for sure

      @kitthekat6844@kitthekat68444 жыл бұрын
    • KitTheKat funny haha yes forward aerial chuckle hard giggle heartily

      @cheesesushi9997@cheesesushi99974 жыл бұрын
    • Oh i'm playing mario and ness is trying to recover? I guess I'll just back air hi-*FORWARD AERIAL*

      @cryosthesia77k69@cryosthesia77k694 жыл бұрын
  • 7:19 rock paper scissors players: confused screaming

    @lesarXD@lesarXD3 жыл бұрын
  • Dude your shirts look amazing! I’m boutta order like 10 of these things!!

    @UberHummus@UberHummus3 жыл бұрын
  • Everyone 5 min after upload: "NICE VIDEO" Video: *Lasts for 12 min*

    @NootNoot800@NootNoot8004 жыл бұрын
    • 2x speed.

      @CharcharoExplorer@CharcharoExplorer4 жыл бұрын
    • @@CharcharoExplorer 2x speed gang rise up!

      @M-Soares@M-Soares4 жыл бұрын
    • You guys are soft, I use a browser extension to double my double speed, so I am going 4x speed.

      @prim16@prim164 жыл бұрын
    • It doesn't matter if you watch the whole video it can still be good

      @mariafe7050@mariafe70504 жыл бұрын
    • @@M-Soares still 6 mins

      @GIGATHEBOT@GIGATHEBOT4 жыл бұрын
  • When you realize the lighting makes his face 50% red and 50% black

    @Villetownkid@Villetownkid4 жыл бұрын
    • Blue tho

      @Whatismusic123@Whatismusic1234 жыл бұрын
    • BUT ARE YOU SURE IT`S 50/50 ?

      @roscasilviu8742@roscasilviu87424 жыл бұрын
    • lol how would there be black light??

      @dancepants3399@dancepants33994 жыл бұрын
    • Do you think blue is black?

      @brokenwave6125@brokenwave61254 жыл бұрын
    • Or does it?

      @juliancuellarm.2498@juliancuellarm.24984 жыл бұрын
  • For anybody struggling to understand this, here is an over-simplified explanation: You are basically playing scissors-paper-rock where the other player shows their choice before you choose yours.

    @Tim_Sviridov@Tim_Sviridov3 жыл бұрын
    • And this manouver is only possible because every time a new card is added, what is then the "last 3 cards" is not indepedent of what was the previous "last 3 cards". If 3 cards were added at a time then game would be fair.

      @franksierow5792@franksierow57923 жыл бұрын
    • Uhm. No-- unless you don't know how to play, there's no way B loses to A if A picks first. But with the cards, A *can* still win. Many scenarios where they can win, albeit unlikely, where in your example, Player B only loses if s/he doesn't know how to play.

      @jansmitowiczauthor78@jansmitowiczauthor783 жыл бұрын
    • @@jansmitowiczauthor78 "over-simplified" "basically"

      @Tim_Sviridov@Tim_Sviridov3 жыл бұрын
    • Rock paper siccors. Ro sham bo. But not siccors paper rock. Just not.

      @Theking0fgg@Theking0fgg3 жыл бұрын
    • Well in Rock Paper Scissors you have a 100% chance of winning if they go first and it’s very obvious. But here, little do they know that the game is not fair and is rigged in favor of the 2nd person if they know this trick. And in a lot of games like chess and tic tac toe, the person who gets to go first has the advantage. So it’s not always like the 2nd person has an advantage over the 1st person, in fact it can be the opposite.

      @zariftahmidshoeb3487@zariftahmidshoeb34872 жыл бұрын
  • I’m just glad I was able to figure this out right at the beginning of the video

    @funnyplatypus2164@funnyplatypus21642 жыл бұрын
  • *buys math shirt* *doesn't watch corresponding video* "Hey, what's your shirt of?" "Oh yeah, it's..... uh....."

    @Simon_Augustine@Simon_Augustine4 жыл бұрын
    • "Pizza theorem" "What's that?..." "............pizza theorem"

      @BrandNewByxor@BrandNewByxor4 жыл бұрын
    • The shirts look pretty dope

      @ca-ke9493@ca-ke94934 жыл бұрын
  • Ah yes, fresh and stale memes. The best ones. Love you Kevin.

    @donat5617@donat56174 жыл бұрын
    • Magyar vagy? :D

      @bences192@bences1924 жыл бұрын
    • @@bences192 Találd ki.

      @donat5617@donat56174 жыл бұрын
    • Mit keresnek itt magyarok?

      @mgyeri@mgyeri4 жыл бұрын
    • @@mgyeri r/facepalm

      @grofrez9659@grofrez96594 жыл бұрын
  • You’ve given me an idea for quantum mechanics and computing theory. Brilliant

    @182mdavi@182mdavi4 жыл бұрын
  • Friend: Haha ok so you won , know you're first Me: Friend: Me: Friend: Me: o yeah I forgot I dont have friends

    @lummiistic1869@lummiistic18693 жыл бұрын
    • "Honey, take your schizophrenia meds!"

      @agenti4734@agenti47343 жыл бұрын
  • I mean the shirt are cool but imma be honest with u chief, I want the meme cards

    @thelegend-gu9eg@thelegend-gu9eg4 жыл бұрын
  • he had me at meme cards

    @abhinavmittal2981@abhinavmittal29814 жыл бұрын
    • crying carson ahahahahhahahahahahahhhaaaaahahha

      @Lyuben@Lyuben4 жыл бұрын
  • Great to mention bacterial RPS ecosystems. I found it very interesting to realize that even with a single "weapon" like an antibiotic toxin, RPS dynamics can arise: the toxin producer beats un-protected bacteria, but a bacterium that exhibits resistance to the toxin beats them because it's metabolically cheaper to defend than produce. But the cost isn't 0, so un-protected bacteria out-compete the resistant strain and "beat" it. The advantages aren't 100%, but the core dynamic is there. Well-balanced RTS games like Starcraft have this dynamic on many scales: on the broadest scale, attack beats economy, economy beats defense, and defense beats attack. But there's much richer dynamics when you include scouting, upgrades, harassment, and the attention/APM budget of each player. Many separate non-transitive arenas, with imperfect information, all come together and keep things fresh.

    @goatmeal5241@goatmeal52413 жыл бұрын
  • Once I was paying for something in a shop and happened to drop a coin onto the counter, which was pretty low, so it fell a good two feet. It spun end over end and then landed perfectly on its side. I was so gobsmacked I just stood there staring at it with the clerk going "SIR. ....SIR."

    @CLaw-tb5gg@CLaw-tb5gg3 жыл бұрын
  • “Crying Carson”

    @danielrehfeldt@danielrehfeldt4 жыл бұрын
    • "Hehehehehe"

      @cran7731@cran77314 жыл бұрын
    • Well done, you can spell.

      @wikser7943@wikser79434 жыл бұрын
    • @@wikser7943 not funny, didn't laugh

      @mellowater@mellowater4 жыл бұрын
    • SHIZA your cant spell man

      @finncampbell6524@finncampbell65244 жыл бұрын
    • @@finncampbell6524 *can't

      @benp.865@benp.8654 жыл бұрын
  • Basically Kevin: Hey I know this cool game, lets play rock-paper-scissors. You choose first and then I choose! Look how amazing it's that I win, what a paradoxical loophole.

    @hatchera@hatchera4 жыл бұрын
    • Rly tho

      @batmanthememe8611@batmanthememe86114 жыл бұрын
    • Noted the way the games are played gives way to the “loophole”. One is played with simultaneous moves and the other with turn based moves. The advantage disappears when we make the moves simultaneously.

      @ComfortKM@ComfortKM4 жыл бұрын
    • I think the difference is that to most people, the strategy to win Rock Paper Scissors is obvious, but a lot of people would look at this game and assume any card sequence has the same odds regardless of who picks first.

      @sixty2612@sixty26124 жыл бұрын
    • ​@@sixty2612 The game would be way more fair if both people chose their sequence in secret, then revealed their choices simultaneously. Either way, any turn based game is intrinsically unfair, but they can be made more fair by switching sides each time, or by increasing the number of possible moves each turn. Since the game Kevin describes always has one person choosing first, and there's only 8 possible moves... it's a very unfair game. Hatchy took this to the extreme and described a game with one person going first every time, and only 3 possible moves. I'll be honest, I was thinking the exact same thing while watching the vid

      @harlyjones3140@harlyjones31404 жыл бұрын
    • My thoughts exactly. Non-transitivity is a terrible "explanation" of this paradox. The non-obvious part is that not all pairs of patterns are equally strong.

      @Cowtymsmiesznego@Cowtymsmiesznego4 жыл бұрын
  • That Call me Carson card didn’t age so well

    @jaundicepatient7898@jaundicepatient78983 жыл бұрын
    • Carson’s definitely crying now lmao

      @josephgarbus6195@josephgarbus61953 жыл бұрын
  • THIS WAS SOOO EDUCATING....I WAS JUST STUYING PROBABILITY AND STUMBLED ACROSS THIS VIDEO

    @aldrinkolakkal3034@aldrinkolakkal3034 Жыл бұрын
  • - "hey, wanna play a game?" - "sure, but play it fair! ok?" - "well yes but actually no"

    @feetfinderguy7044@feetfinderguy70444 жыл бұрын
    • Perfect for No Game No Life

      @david_ga8490@david_ga84904 жыл бұрын
    • @@david_ga8490 ahh... I see you as a man of culture as well

      @feetfinderguy7044@feetfinderguy70444 жыл бұрын
  • Kevin: right? Me(without a clue): wrong Kevin: wrong Me:😏😏

    @sadhanghimire9139@sadhanghimire91394 жыл бұрын
    • Yesh

      @twopeople254@twopeople2543 жыл бұрын
    • Same 🤣

      @martinacocca4225@martinacocca42253 жыл бұрын
    • 99999999999999999999999 IQ Kevin: Right? Me (looking at the subtitles): Wrong!!! Kevin: Wrong!!! Me: 😏times 99999999999999999999999

      @Samuel-zn8zt@Samuel-zn8zt3 жыл бұрын
  • There must be a mistake on the board at 10:07. It says BBR beats BRB 2:1 and RRB beats RBR 3:1. These two are the same matchup just color switched, so the odds should be the same.

    @samuelrussell5760@samuelrussell57603 жыл бұрын
    • You mean 9:07, right? I agree.

      @reformCopyright@reformCopyright Жыл бұрын
  • 1:24 didn't age well

    @robemeister@robemeister3 жыл бұрын
    • yes

      @JohnDoe-jk2do@JohnDoe-jk2do2 жыл бұрын
  • *keanu appears* Kevin: "KeanO Reeves"

    @temptura@temptura4 жыл бұрын
    • Yeah, what's wrong with that?

      @HartyBiker@HartyBiker4 жыл бұрын
    • New

      @AaronCataract@AaronCataract4 жыл бұрын
    • @Josh Abatecola he says his own name like key-ah-new

      @AaronCataract@AaronCataract4 жыл бұрын
    • @Josh Abatecola omg look it up

      @AaronCataract@AaronCataract4 жыл бұрын
    • @Josh Abatecola if that was intended to cause laughter, you should try harder

      @AaronCataract@AaronCataract4 жыл бұрын
  • Numberphile had a sequence video a few months ago with a similar concept. We had lecture in maths class that touched on transitivity. Great to stay relevant to me. Earned a sub Kevin!

    @Veptis@Veptis4 жыл бұрын
  • Took me a second to realize and appreciate the dual lighting on your face nice touch

    @theNeonfrequency@theNeonfrequency2 жыл бұрын
  • Ooo, I remember that from some book. To starting understand this crazy think is really awesome experience.

    @Astroni800@Astroni8009 ай бұрын
    • I should not comment before watching the video to the end - the author practically did not explain where the injustice of these combinations comes from.

      @Astroni800@Astroni8009 ай бұрын
  • "Although... it could land on its edge..." *No Game No Life flashbacks occur*

    @nyaamononychrosystematical6036@nyaamononychrosystematical60364 жыл бұрын
    • Ah, a see, a fellow man of culture

      @MrFram@MrFram4 жыл бұрын
    • This was what popped up in my brain when he said that.

      @raifikarj6698@raifikarj66984 жыл бұрын
    • @@raifikarj6698 SAME

      @lowenxiang1387@lowenxiang13874 жыл бұрын
    • Also, kakegurui

      @sollertia_@sollertia_4 жыл бұрын
    • Second Season😐

      @xcalixus@xcalixus4 жыл бұрын
  • October 2019 : Vsauce Reborn

    @SK-vw3in@SK-vw3in4 жыл бұрын
    • to be fair vcause2(kevin) is the only 1 who hasnt stoped creating videos from all 3 of them

      @oj1587@oj15874 жыл бұрын
    • Tutor hitman

      @david_ga8490@david_ga84904 жыл бұрын
  • Kevin: introduce meme playing card Me: i'll take your entire stock!

    @tungtungtuak9025@tungtungtuak90253 жыл бұрын
  • It’s just a meme review with extra steps

    @breadqueen7166@breadqueen71663 жыл бұрын
  • Easy fix to this: both players pick their sequence in secret and reveal it once both have decided. In case their sequences are identical, they both choose again, in secret. Can't use the same sequence one had in the next decision.

    @Kfreeks@Kfreeks4 жыл бұрын
    • So it would be a more complicated version of Rock paper scissor

      @laikaperraespacial6025@laikaperraespacial60254 жыл бұрын
    • I liked

      @laikaperraespacial6025@laikaperraespacial60254 жыл бұрын
    • Yeah but then you wouldn’t win

      @Thebiggestgordon@Thebiggestgordon4 жыл бұрын
    • Then both players would always pick RBB or BRR which are equal against each other and it is unbeneficial to try and counter pick with bbr or rbb.

      @baker7280@baker72804 жыл бұрын
    • U mean rock paper sciccors?

      @sugar2000galaxy@sugar2000galaxy4 жыл бұрын
  • To make this game “fair”, simply just discreetly pick your sequence so you can’t look off the other persons answer and make your sequence based on theirs

    @mrpelzyt@mrpelzyt4 жыл бұрын
    • Or just pick your cards alternately: 1:1, 2:1, 1:2, 2:2, 1:3, 2:3. So long as 1:2 comes before 2:1 it's potentially unfair, but if 2:1 comes before 1:2 it's guaranteed to be fair.

      @theapexsurvivor9538@theapexsurvivor95384 жыл бұрын
    • Or just play goofspiel.

      @mesplin3@mesplin34 жыл бұрын
    • I wrote in another comment that the only 2 viable options would be RRB and BBR since they are actually the best "single player" choices due to the nature of this game.

      @user-eu5jc6qj4r@user-eu5jc6qj4r3 жыл бұрын
    • My thoughts exactly

      @TanyaNirielle@TanyaNirielle3 жыл бұрын
    • but then what about you both picking the same sequence?

      @TheJacklikesvideos@TheJacklikesvideos3 жыл бұрын
  • why can't I have fun mom? 0:14

    @Fun_maths@Fun_maths3 жыл бұрын
  • "You can't rig a card game" Kevin : "haha, math go BRR"

    @CloakedJester@CloakedJester3 жыл бұрын
  • Kevin: As Player 2 here, the method is very easy. Sprint guy: Isn’t it nice when you keep things simple? Me, not currently looking at the screen: Yes, it i- Hey you’re an ad!

    @ASMRDoodlez@ASMRDoodlez4 жыл бұрын
  • Me: *Reads title* Wait, that’s illegal.

    @ProfessorScorbunny@ProfessorScorbunny4 жыл бұрын
    • But illegal is illegal.

      @yinyang1217@yinyang12174 жыл бұрын
    • @@yinyang1217 or is it? Today I have an expert on illegal things, a random thug I pulled off the street.

      @GhostofFarta@GhostofFarta4 жыл бұрын
  • Loved the lighting.

    @Juiced2528@Juiced2528 Жыл бұрын
  • This trick would probably only work once or twice. It would become suspicious quickly if you always let your opponent choose first and you always had to see their choice before you made yours.

    @zacharyparis@zacharyparis2 жыл бұрын
    • If they don't know the trick, you simply alternate who goes first. You will likely split the times you go first fairly evenly, and win according to the odds in the video on your opponent's turn.

      @scrivener68@scrivener68 Жыл бұрын
  • I see Phil Swift I _CLICK INSTANTLY_

    @lvbboi9@lvbboi94 жыл бұрын
    • Swiftly*

      @tacticalninja7096@tacticalninja70964 жыл бұрын
    • @@tacticalninja7096 Weird Flex but ok.

      @thomashanson6603@thomashanson66034 жыл бұрын
  • Nice, but why didn't you explain the math/logical reasons for this "trick"? It would have been interesting to understand, but we have only a new way to trick friends with this game, without understanding the whole concept.

    @webrevolution.@webrevolution.4 жыл бұрын
    • The concept is that some combinations are able to put themselves in a 100% non-losing scenarios against others. Lets take an example with player 1 choosing one of the two worst combinations, lets say BBB. Player 2 chooses RBB. Player 1 needs to hit BBB in the first 3 draws otherwise he is very likely to lose or has an extremely small chance of drawing the game, but 0% chance of winning. That's because if a red pops up, any colour that player 1 needs is going to make player 2 win first. Let's say the first three draws are B, B, R. Now, player 1 cannot possibly win and can only hope of a small chance of drawing the game. Additionally, if at any point the number of red cards drawn is more than the black cards drawn, player 2 100% wins. So let's say the first three draws are B, R, R; player 1 would automatically win, even if it means the whole deck is drawn out.

      @peachbunns@peachbunns4 жыл бұрын
    • @@peachbunns He can't even draw, surely?

      @mimikal7548@mimikal75484 жыл бұрын
    • @@mimikal7548 Yes he can. If the first 3 draws are B, B, R, the game will be a draw if the the rest of the cards drawn are one black, one red, until the final 3 cards being B, R, R.

      @peachbunns@peachbunns4 жыл бұрын
    • He actually got a thing wrong as well when he says player one’s choice doesn’t matter because they can pick something that gives them the least chance of getting screwed like not picking BBB or RRR. Although player two always has a more successful strategy, player one can make it as small as possible.

      @matthewhubka6350@matthewhubka63504 жыл бұрын
    • @KinglyGosling72 That's not an explanation, you moron.

      @nathangamble125@nathangamble1254 жыл бұрын
  • You could fix it by making both players write on a sheet and submit their choice at the same time like double jeopardy.

    @dcrezz@dcrezz3 жыл бұрын
  • My friend: endgame is the biggest crossover in history! Me: 4:53

    @mariliafreitas7424@mariliafreitas74244 жыл бұрын
  • "Truth is, Keanu, the game was rigged from the start."

    @cobaltdeleon@cobaltdeleon4 жыл бұрын
    • "Whoa"

      @Kyosukedono@Kyosukedono3 жыл бұрын
    • Ergo

      @jdotoz@jdotoz3 жыл бұрын
  • Nice one, I'm now going to play this with the Mrs to decide who does the housework today,😎👍

    @phil3038@phil30383 жыл бұрын
  • For anyone who's wondering why the choices beat each other in a cycle: The patterns appearing in the drawn cards will generally follow a sequence of "RRB-RBB-BBR-BRR", starting at a random point in that sequence. If you pick the pattern immediately before your opponent's, then If the pattern starts with your choice _or_ either of the two choices before yours, you'll win; while your opponent will only win if his pattern is the first one chosen, because he has no other patterns to "slide" into the one he chose. The other patterns (RRR, BRB, BBB, RBR) do throw things off a bit. RRR and BBB will inevitably slide into RRB and BBR, respectively, but BRB can be a transition directly from BBR to RBB; and RBR can be a transition directly from RRB to BRR; hence RBB and BRR don't lose quite as heavily as the above explanation would suggest. If you were playing this game in a fair manner (i.e. both players pick blindly and then reveal their choices), picking either RBB or BRR would be your best bet.

    @Tzizenorec@Tzizenorec Жыл бұрын
  • "A game that appears fair" Any game where one player gets more information is unfair - even without knowing the transitive property, it's not that unintuitive to liken the game to something like rock paper scissors where one person gets to know the other's choice beforehand. Only knock against the video is that you didn't really go into why the sequence makes it more likely - like how, for example, unless the first 3 in a row are RRR you literally can't win with that choice once your opponent chooses BRR, because if there's one B the game will always end before the third R.

    @KingBobXVI@KingBobXVI4 жыл бұрын
    • Good job. Now make it bigger and publish it on a worldwide scale in Barns and nobles around the world

      @thejuicymop8128@thejuicymop81284 жыл бұрын
    • Til that chess is imbalanced in Black’s favor because they have “more information”

      @42isthemeaningoflife@42isthemeaningoflife4 жыл бұрын
    • I’m not sure that’s universally true. For example, take a game like in this video where the sequence of cards is only one item long. Say Keanu chooses Red. If Kevin also chooses red then the game is a draw. If Kevin chooses black then he has a 50% chance of winning. There is no strategy for Kevin where he can use the information from Keanu’s choice to increase his chances of winning above 50%.

      @TheAmatyarakshasa@TheAmatyarakshasa3 жыл бұрын
    • @@42isthemeaningoflife - black has to respond to a change. White knows black's initial state.

      @andylane3739@andylane37393 жыл бұрын
    • @@andylane3739 Both players know the others' initial state, black get's to have more information before making her first move. I don't really know what you're trying to argue here.

      @42isthemeaningoflife@42isthemeaningoflife3 жыл бұрын
  • 5:16 That troll card staying behind was perfect xD

    @111111222223@1111112222234 жыл бұрын
  • Ha! That's SO fitting. The Sad Keanu card comes up just as Keanu himself loses the chance to win. The irony is SO funny..... Unless that was planned, in which case it's SO clever.

    @damonpulse@damonpulse3 жыл бұрын
    • Irony requires opposites. So sad losing Keanu is not irony it's a coincidence

      @LockMatch@LockMatch Жыл бұрын
  • the video that introduced me to card counting

    @markosp1816@markosp18167 ай бұрын
  • A Russian walks into a bar He says, "This not Fair"

    @MicrosoftNestleTea@MicrosoftNestleTea4 жыл бұрын
    • -This not Fair!

      @jmugwel@jmugwel4 жыл бұрын
    • No he actually says Это не честно

      @geo-lite69@geo-lite694 жыл бұрын
    • Please explain

      @luck3949@luck39494 жыл бұрын
    • Why Russian?

      @MACtic1@MACtic14 жыл бұрын
    • @@MACtic1 Because Russian doesn't use articles (a, the). So in Russian, "this is not fair" and "this is not a/the fair" are equivalent.

      @U014B@U014B4 жыл бұрын
  • "So why does all this matter?" Aahh, now hes probably going to say something like "dont trust seemingly fair things" or "math is cool" "BACTERIA PLAY ROCK PAPER SCIZORS TO MULTIPLY." ... O...k....didnt expect that one

    @thedude2241@thedude22414 жыл бұрын
    • very creative spelling of scissors

      @etherealsalad2698@etherealsalad26983 жыл бұрын
    • Mr. Pickle wdym? It's spelled scizors. 🙄

      @mrleaf6055@mrleaf60553 жыл бұрын
    • @@mrleaf6055 It's obviously shiszorce

      @lennaerthondelink9135@lennaerthondelink91353 жыл бұрын
  • That leveling job on the table was sweet!

    @TheWorldsStage@TheWorldsStage Жыл бұрын
  • This is a brilliant discovery 👏 👌

    @thecalendarninja@thecalendarninja2 жыл бұрын
  • Please start to sell those meme playing cards!

    @alexkorocencev7689@alexkorocencev76894 жыл бұрын
    • Idk if he can, since they have copyrighted characters like Thanos :( I'm not sure tho

      @MakoProductions321@MakoProductions3214 жыл бұрын
    • @@MakoProductions321 sad gamer noises...

      @alexkorocencev7689@alexkorocencev76894 жыл бұрын
  • An unfair game that's totally unfair: (Any pay 2 win game)

    @TheRealGuywithoutaMustache@TheRealGuywithoutaMustache4 жыл бұрын
    • Are you just like in the comments under every video?

      @vibinzim2796@vibinzim27964 жыл бұрын
    • People who made the game and still update the game: "That's fair"

      @aikslf@aikslf4 жыл бұрын
  • To win, you must get your sequence in first. So you imagine the card that comes before your opponent's sequence. That means your last two cards are their first two cards. Then you tend to win as you tend to get your sequence before they get theirs.

    @jeremywilliams5107@jeremywilliams51073 жыл бұрын
  • the game becomes completely fair if both players decide at the same time in secret then reveal their decision

    @the_honkler778@the_honkler7782 жыл бұрын
  • If anyone in my fam were to play this with me they’d play BRB and *never return*

    @samanthae.1002@samanthae.10024 жыл бұрын
    • My dad did that 😂

      @sourgreendolly7685@sourgreendolly76854 жыл бұрын
    • A too real feeling

      @samanthae.1002@samanthae.10024 жыл бұрын
  • Choosing RBB against BBB is so cheap (And I love it), it makes it so Player 1 can NEVER win if a single red card was drawn, meaning the first three cards in the deck have to be black cards

    @kirbyhypno2522@kirbyhypno25224 жыл бұрын
    • 7.5 to 1 odds doesnt make sense though, the chance of drawing BBB is 1/8 so the odds should be 7 to 1

      @AA-100@AA-100 Жыл бұрын
    • @@AA-100 probability of black second card is reduced slightly when the first card is black. Reduced again when second card is black. (26/52)*(25/51)*(24/50)

      @jerreddenton4862@jerreddenton4862 Жыл бұрын
    • Then the other probabilities of 2:1 and 3:1 needs to be changed as well, those probabilities are calculated assuming there were infinite cards

      @AA-100@AA-100 Жыл бұрын
  • This is an extension of the monte hall problem well done sir

    @richardtemple4557@richardtemple45572 жыл бұрын
  • 7:40 For P1 choice BBB and P2 choice RBB......the odds in favour of P2 is 7:1... I calculated.... .

    @nonedrop9475@nonedrop94753 жыл бұрын
    • Yeah but it is also different because reds will come more cuz both took a lot of blacks.

      @itismethatguy@itismethatguy2 жыл бұрын
  • 3:19 I'm very happy that Sans is still a meme.

    @eleanorsstuff2316@eleanorsstuff23164 жыл бұрын
  • 1:39 jake : is it possible to crack the theoretical coin-flipping code and take advantage of a secret non-transitive property within this game? 1:37 thanos : impossible !!

    @alistaw1866@alistaw18664 жыл бұрын
  • I've actually had a nickel land on edge twice in my life. I also had a d6 with rounded corners land corner-side up on a completely flat surface.

    @Bansheexero@Bansheexero2 жыл бұрын
    • What are you serious? Doesn't the momentum cause it to just fall over immediately even if "landed" on its side? Did it roll on it's edge for a long time before stopping upright?

      @JKenny44@JKenny442 жыл бұрын
  • This reminds me of a video from Deep Look. About lizards which is also playing rock paper scissors to survive. Good one

    @van707@van7074 жыл бұрын
  • 1:49 all hail the queen thanos

    @sisygambis.@sisygambis.4 жыл бұрын
  • The laugh at crying Carson probably just made my day

    @resolutecub9977@resolutecub99774 жыл бұрын
  • Crush: we’ll flip a coin, if its on heads I’m you girlfriend and if its tails youre my boyfriend Me: ok **flips it** me:Oh... look...0:47

    @itshawck@itshawck3 жыл бұрын
    • Well that my friend is called the friendzone.

      @themiddleman9376@themiddleman93763 жыл бұрын
  • When I was a teenager I was very consistent with coin flips and was able to control the result fairly well. My math teacher watched me flip 15 heads in a row

    @richlaue@richlaue3 жыл бұрын
    • Yeah, uhm, no. There's no way you were able to control the way a coin flips, simply wayyyy too many factors that a person just can't calculate. Only way you'd be able to control the result would be if you barely flipped it, and just tossed it in the air.

      @vikingursigurdsson@vikingursigurdsson3 жыл бұрын
    • @@vikingursigurdsson actually studies have shown that if a person flips coins enough the outcome is not random. At 65. I cant do it now, but at 15 I could with about 95% accuacy control the output

      @richlaue@richlaue3 жыл бұрын
    • @@richlaue but, like how?

      @vikingursigurdsson@vikingursigurdsson3 жыл бұрын
    • @@vikingursigurdsson flip it with your middle and index finger. Give it just the right amount of spin to have it turn an even/odd number of times.

      @kennarajora6532@kennarajora65322 жыл бұрын
  • When you take the meme deck* "Looks like you're going to the shadow realm jimbo!!"

    @npc6817@npc68174 жыл бұрын
  • WHERE I CAN GET THIS CARDS

    @ofikasty@ofikasty4 жыл бұрын
    • these

      @andresousa9876@andresousa98764 жыл бұрын
    • these

      @rysus@rysus4 жыл бұрын
    • these

      @riririririririri6739@riririririririri67394 жыл бұрын
    • These

      @elidoesrandom1770@elidoesrandom17704 жыл бұрын
    • These

      @Jach199@Jach1994 жыл бұрын
  • 3:29 I’m sorry did this man just call him “Keano Reeves”?

    @darthnihilus4074@darthnihilus40743 жыл бұрын
  • “Meme cards” Steve: Am I a joke to you?

    @jasonmintzchannel8902@jasonmintzchannel89023 жыл бұрын
KZhead