10 Carpenter's tips for Exterior Window Trim!

2021 ж. 28 Там.
128 130 Рет қаралды

They worked in the old days and they still work now!!!
Patreon: www.patreon.com/user?u=109961...

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  • As a pretty much “ do almost all of it” guy like yourself, the one thing I take away from your videos is your calm demeanor and sense of balanced purpose. You don’t come across as a high stress guy about the work. Your tips have helped me enjoy my job a bit more-thank you!

    @jodysanders6445@jodysanders64452 жыл бұрын
    • Thank you🙂

      @vancouvercarpenter@vancouvercarpenter2 жыл бұрын
    • Of course he's Canadian eh

      @skeptick6513@skeptick65132 жыл бұрын
    • @@vancouvercarpenter how would someone go about hiring you for some larger projects?

      @Charmcity199@Charmcity1992 жыл бұрын
    • He's also handsome and can heel flip.

      @galvanizedgnome@galvanizedgnome2 жыл бұрын
  • Good on you bro for taking your boy to work. A couple days doing real work with dad is better than a couple months of school. I have great memories of going out with my dad, and taking my son out with me.

    @adampottmeyer452@adampottmeyer4522 жыл бұрын
  • 50 years ago, I was taught to not caulk the bottom of the apron (the lower trim board), so that any moisture that built up behind it, could drain out. Remembering that condensation and osmotic pressure, due to the temperature differential will force moisture from the conditioned space out into the atmosphere.

    @wrdennig@wrdennig2 жыл бұрын
    • You leave a small gap underneath in the middle where you caulk so moisture can escape.

      @garinvartanian9299@garinvartanian92992 жыл бұрын
  • That nail-blunting tip is genius! I’m as old-school as it gets but I’ve never heard that little trick before! 👍

    @monkeygraborange@monkeygraborange2 жыл бұрын
    • I've heard and used it many times, but heres another one for ya. One easy way to get nails hammered into hard wood is to lubricate them. You can use lip balm, beeswax, or even a lubricating oil. (Or to go really old school,wipe them in your hair.) If you want to pull nails out of wood, but they seem to be to small for the back of the hammer in use, make a small nail puller by filing a notch in the shape of a V into one of the hammer’s claw tips. If you use a triangular shaped needle file, that should do the trick very well.

      @marcelgaddis9319@marcelgaddis93192 жыл бұрын
    • Yes, blunting the tip of a nail works great for dry trim boards. Also always have a bar of “dove moisturizer soap” in a plastic bag in your tool box. 1 quick swipe across the soap with the end of the nail or screw and you’ll never have a problem. Lube, lube, lube! 😊

      @davidj.leavitt249@davidj.leavitt2492 жыл бұрын
  • Dear Ben: Over the past 3 months I gutted and rebuilt my kitchen to the studs. I followed your drywall, taping and mudding series and the finished product looks professional and great. Thank you for this information.

    @timothygavin4230@timothygavin42302 жыл бұрын
  • Killer tips! Being a painter, I will say one thing.. We never caulk the bottoms of window trim so that moisture has an exit. Awesome tips!!!

    @mogoes96@mogoes962 жыл бұрын
    • Yeah I was thinking same thing about caulking the bottom

      @rickyhurtt5568@rickyhurtt55682 жыл бұрын
    • I do window replacement in FL and the inspectors fail us all the time for not caulking the bottom🙄.

      @johnthomas8969@johnthomas89692 жыл бұрын
  • Thank you for sharing the details of trimming and rain protection of the window exterior. Another great carpentry tutorial and way cool getting your son involved in carpentry at age 12 years 😀

    @audreybowles6357@audreybowles63572 жыл бұрын
  • Love this guy....he is a combo of new and old school....great stuff.

    @johnbolongo9978@johnbolongo99782 жыл бұрын
  • Excellent tips! I have replaced many windows done this way. Some had a couple decades before I replaced them, some had a few years. I pay attention to what works and try to figure out why. I live in coastal New England and the seasonal temperature variation as well as humidity variation creates a lot of movement in your exterior cladding here. This movement in the cladding and the caulk shrinking as it dries and losing its elasticity with time kills caulk joints quickly. Taking what you have demonstrated a few steps farther, when you have the siding cut to install your trim, that is the time to scrape and sand the ends so you can SEAL the end grains with your primer so it can dry while you are doing other things and increase the adhesion of your caulk joint significantly. I would also employ back caulking along the ends of the siding to the sheathing before setting the outside corner in a bed of caulk making a gasket along the outer perimeter. Might be over kill for some areas but definitely helps with drafts and thermal draw if not keeping water out. Just a a few tips for anyone else that reads the comments like my self.

    @sawdustadikt979@sawdustadikt9792 жыл бұрын
  • Beautiful job brother....as a maintenance tech your videos help me a lot man! Thanks!

    @Chris.Rhodes@Chris.Rhodes2 жыл бұрын
  • Thank you for taking the time to pass on your knowledge and experience your videos have helped me many times

    @battletested9329@battletested9329 Жыл бұрын
  • Just watched this video (a couple times actually). I'll be doing old school cedar trim with sills on two of my exterior bedroom windows. Just what I needed. Thanks!

    @wybesad@wybesad9 ай бұрын
  • That dynaflex 230 is some awesome caulk.

    @mrrepurpose9596@mrrepurpose95962 жыл бұрын
  • Hey! Carpenter stuff. Nice. Back prime is essential with unprimed lumber. Got to remember to bevel bottom edges to reduce wicking Thanks for the video.

    @robertbamford8266@robertbamford82662 жыл бұрын
  • I’m hanging out waiting on hurricane Ida to hit watching this- bout to find out if my home builder did all this! Great time to check for leaks 😁😅

    @bendaniel6245@bendaniel62452 жыл бұрын
    • Haha me too. I'm in baton rouge

      @samuelbankston2108@samuelbankston21082 жыл бұрын
    • Wish you luck

      @samuelbankston2108@samuelbankston21082 жыл бұрын
    • Good luck to you guys down south!

      @jonnymiller1799@jonnymiller17992 жыл бұрын
    • Man its intense right now

      @samuelbankston2108@samuelbankston21082 жыл бұрын
  • Good lost tips. Love the cove ceiling. I have them in my 1940 house.

    @turboflush@turboflush2 жыл бұрын
  • THANK YOU for your dad's blunting tip!!! And yeah-prenailing boards.

    @andreaberryman5354@andreaberryman5354 Жыл бұрын
  • I knew all the tips ex ept where you pointed out using a shim to tool caulk in the pecker track. Never thought about that but makes good sense. Thanks for the video bud

    @rickyhurtt5568@rickyhurtt55682 жыл бұрын
  • We were on fire...shout out from Osoyoos :) Cheers and keep up the good work.

    @petemiller519@petemiller5192 жыл бұрын
  • I like, "do your best and caulk the rest." and your advice on blunting nails to prevent splitting.

    @altereggo3498@altereggo349811 ай бұрын
  • That's the way to do it--and teach it! Well done!

    @toddwilliams254@toddwilliams2544 ай бұрын
  • I sure wish you could see the repairs we’ve done to the walls in our bedroom after watching your videos on installing drywall.

    @armymomslf@armymomslf2 жыл бұрын
    • I hope I would be proud for you!!!!

      @vancouvercarpenter@vancouvercarpenter2 жыл бұрын
  • Thanks for showing us around

    @scottmcgilvery8511@scottmcgilvery85112 жыл бұрын
  • Absolutely Brilliant video!!

    @GurnBograt1986@GurnBograt19862 жыл бұрын
  • Thank You Ben.. Keep up the good work.

    @milesharlan1@milesharlan12 жыл бұрын
  • Thank You !! This is exactly what I was looking for!!!

    @123mjolie@123mjolie2 жыл бұрын
  • Hey man, was at Lowe's the other day and picked up the Gator 120 grit drywall sanding sponge with CeraMax... it is some sort of ceramic sandpaper that resists clogging....best sponge I've ever used! It doesn't clog up at all! I got an 80 grit and 120 grit. I'm going to buy some more this week, I don't think I'll ever buy other sponges unless I'm getting an angled one.

    @Chris.Rhodes@Chris.Rhodes2 жыл бұрын
  • Nice Work, keep up the good work. God Bless.

    @martinrose2279@martinrose22792 жыл бұрын
  • I've been watching you for years and learned so much from your content... always appreciate when you upload Although I realized that I wasn't subscribed so I went ahead and fixed that. Subbed and turned on notifications. Keep on keeping on!

    @chrisatherkimer@chrisatherkimer2 жыл бұрын
  • Great tutorial! i believe from experience the only outdoor caulk to use is mulco. It sticks and does not break down

    @billthompson9595@billthompson95952 жыл бұрын
  • Those old Vancouver houses seem to have a lot of character. Nice trimming, caulking and paint job

    @bay9876@bay98762 жыл бұрын
    • yeah we have some nice character houses

      @conradcoolerfiend@conradcoolerfiend2 жыл бұрын
  • I agree 💯% with tip #4. I've repaired so many homes where the wood looks good but on the edges/cuts where the wood was not painted it is rotten and a small repair turns into a big one because all the boards now need to be changed. $$

    @babysealclub11@babysealclub112 жыл бұрын
  • We always called donkey tracks rosebuds and would put a little water to the area it would swell out even

    @battletested9329@battletested9329 Жыл бұрын
  • This is nice, cool stuff. Thanks for sharing and explaining.

    @SebastiaanMollema@SebastiaanMollema2 жыл бұрын
  • Hey Ben, I can detect smoke all the way down here in Olympia. Donkey tracks, haha! I learned to call them Charlie Olsens because the marks look like the letters C and O.

    @KenHill@KenHill2 жыл бұрын
    • Guy I know calls them a**h***s.

      @reecenewton3097@reecenewton30972 жыл бұрын
  • I have learned so much from your channel

    @Blaklege63@Blaklege632 жыл бұрын
  • Bin der dun dat type of old carpenter. Wish vids like this would have been done 40 years ago so that tips like yours wouldn't have had to be learned the hard way! Agree with using Dynaflex 230. It's also good as a poor man's substitute for soundproofing cracks instead of Green Glue! Just one comment. I eschew the messy, often wide concave finger caulking look between the new window and trim. I make a clean caulk line using tape just like you and I do with sealing around counter tops except with wood trim, I only tape off the window. GK

    @grampakilt@grampakilt2 жыл бұрын
  • Looks like there are still a lot of termites on that house. I saw evidence on the new window……poop that falls onto your new work. It looks like tiny black sand and will make you cough like crazy if you breathe too much. Be safe. Thanks for the great video.

    @davidj.leavitt249@davidj.leavitt2492 жыл бұрын
  • Lastly . . . I like this kind of video. What I was taught about painting - scrape and sand, then prime, then caulk, then prime the caulk, then top coat. The first primer seals the wood and keeps it from sucking up the caulk and also provides "tooth" for the caulk to adhere to. Then, after caulking, prime again, so that the texture is consistent. The caulk will have a different texture than the primer.

    @wrdennig@wrdennig2 жыл бұрын
    • Yes never caulk bare wood

      @Obshowersyndicate@Obshowersyndicate2 жыл бұрын
  • Thank you! Very helpful.

    @phillipmartino5939@phillipmartino59392 жыл бұрын
  • so many great tips

    @dbporter@dbporter10 ай бұрын
  • Good tips. New follower!

    @reddirtroots5992@reddirtroots59922 жыл бұрын
  • Knew all the tips except the saw cut for a drip edge. Well done.

    @ericslagle5362@ericslagle53622 жыл бұрын
    • Thanks 👍

      @vancouvercarpenter@vancouvercarpenter2 жыл бұрын
  • Hats off to Sir Joseph Whitworth the father of engineering, for teaching (without an engineering degree ) the British Navy that Blunt or flat tip projectiles penetrate straighter, truer and deeper than pointed. I.E. Wadcutter/Semi Wadcutter. And hats off to Vancouver Carpenter for teaching with self deprecating humor, (the sign of a true leader). Really, cheers from a Chicago Finish Carpenter for making education both palatable and hilarious. Thanks PS I’ve been known to be a jackass on occasion too. LOL

    @dannyw.814@dannyw.8142 жыл бұрын
    • I also totally dig the pride you take in your workmanship it speaks volumes as to your character. Airborne brother

      @dannyw.814@dannyw.8142 жыл бұрын
  • Thx, timely for me 👍

    @wannabetrucker7475@wannabetrucker74752 жыл бұрын
  • If you had a metal break you could break a custom piece of flashing to go up under the siding and over the top trim board. We have to do that all the time, and just throw a couple trim nails in the siding to grip the flashing as well.

    @Tkm112093evadell@Tkm112093evadell2 жыл бұрын
  • Thanks Ben.

    @BillWalters77@BillWalters772 жыл бұрын
  • I'm getting ready to primer/paint a replaced exterior window stool. The old one rotted and replaced with treated pine. I've primer / painted it every other year. Takes a lot of beating, but keeps pealing. Think I could use a putty knife and cover it with Dap paintable acrylic caulk + silicone? It says it is paintable in 30 minutes and is made for doors/windows. 100% waterproof and okay for interior or exterior.

    @slappy1965@slappy1965 Жыл бұрын
  • I love your hair

    @sjhall2009@sjhall2009 Жыл бұрын
  • Great video as always. Do you brake your flashing yourself? If so, a video showing how you do it would be great.

    @grantlaing7465@grantlaing746514 күн бұрын
  • This drip cut is also used on outdoor stairs. Keep the bottom of the tread dry.

    @assassinlexx1993@assassinlexx19932 жыл бұрын
  • Hey love the videos! I've always wondered, do you offer something to customers in exchange for being "allowed" to film, or do you just explain to them that its part of what you do and tough luck?

    @daniellee7871@daniellee78712 жыл бұрын
  • Sound knowledge!

    @kingotto6352@kingotto63522 жыл бұрын
  • Good video..

    @dustbat@dustbat2 жыл бұрын
  • Yeah, that was probably our smoke wafting up your way. Sorry about that. We weren't thrilled with it either and pretty much stayed inside as much as possible. (I'm in eastern Washington state -you know, the dry side. The Idaho panhandle also had its fair share of fires.) There was no escape from the smoke for a good while there. Thankfully the fires are out and the smoke has pretty much cleared. Hopefully we are finished with the wildfires this year as we begin the last days of summer and look toward heading into fall. ☺👍

    @marjieyoung9570@marjieyoung95702 жыл бұрын
  • "That's a lot of caulk".... was waiting for you to say it. From just south of the border...

    @toyotaspeed90@toyotaspeed902 жыл бұрын
  • I wish you lived near me. You're hired.

    @alannahumphrey9512@alannahumphrey95122 жыл бұрын
  • Thanks!

    @zacimboden@zacimboden Жыл бұрын
  • You're cool dude. Subscribed. Primo

    @mikefisher2k@mikefisher2k2 жыл бұрын
  • The egde of the wood is like a sponge sucking up water, like the bottom of a Christmas tree.

    @williamb454@williamb4547 ай бұрын
  • I always thought not to caulk the bottom so if water did get behind it would find a way on bottom

    @battletested9329@battletested9329 Жыл бұрын
  • I’m curious as to why you chose to flash under the head trim instead of over the flash trim. I believe it would help protect the top of the window and the trim better and eliminate the reliance of caulk (only) on the top of the head trim. Great video keep up the good work.

    @danielpostel7559@danielpostel75592 жыл бұрын
    • I tried to get the flashing up tight to the siding but there were too many nails/staples in the way. I would have preferred the way you mentioned but it just wasn’t happening.

      @vancouvercarpenter@vancouvercarpenter2 жыл бұрын
    • @@vancouvercarpenter Use your multi tool to cut the nails under the siding and slide your flashing right in between sheathing and siding and replace nails as needed !

      @racindave88@racindave882 жыл бұрын
  • Prenailing is something I often do but to avoid splitting the wood I drill holes first. Drill a hole the size of the nail and it will go through like butter. If you plan on recessing the nail for something nice like trim the hole can be even slightly wider than the nail. This makes tapping the head down in very easy. You don't have to bash the nail in and make a donkey track or gouge the wood with the tool to tap it in if the hole is predrilled and wider than the nail, the nail just goes straight down.

    @HotspotsSoutheast@HotspotsSoutheast2 жыл бұрын
    • Since nails depend on friction to hold, doesn't drilling a hole larger than the nail reduce the holding power?

      @michaelwarren2391@michaelwarren23912 жыл бұрын
    • The head of the nail holds the board in place. Since the plan is to sink the nail when you spike the nail down below the surface the wider head of the nail wedges against the sides and provides friction.

      @HotspotsSoutheast@HotspotsSoutheast2 жыл бұрын
  • OMG yes, prime all the cuts, glad I'm not the only one!!!!!! As someone that repairs dry/wet rot, thats the number one failure

    @plumber77mjr@plumber77mjr2 жыл бұрын
    • and YES on dyna flex

      @plumber77mjr@plumber77mjr2 жыл бұрын
  • Don’t use BIN outside, it’s extremely brittle and will fail outside. Zinsser peel stop or oil based would be best choices.

    @ryane6719@ryane67192 жыл бұрын
  • Paint all edges and cuts. Best trick I know

    @ClofquistIII@ClofquistIII2 жыл бұрын
  • Donkey tracks, lol. That flashing turned up... yeah, I'm not sure I would turn it up on the ends, eventually swelling shrinking could cause it to separate and water will be happy to enter and do it's thing...

    @min2oly@min2oly2 жыл бұрын
  • Thanks for another great video. Did you do a video on the drywall cove?

    @markvasiloff2217@markvasiloff22172 жыл бұрын
    • I filmed it but lost the footage of the first coat. I have the framing and all the consecutive coats but I don’t have the glory shot of applying the first coat🙁

      @vancouvercarpenter@vancouvercarpenter2 жыл бұрын
    • @@vancouvercarpenter 😞

      @markvasiloff2217@markvasiloff22172 жыл бұрын
  • Do you have a similar video but on a brick home?

    @BellaJones2010@BellaJones20108 ай бұрын
  • I don't know the codes in Canada but in the US you have to put Z - Metal on the top trim and have to make it a 1/4" longer on the sides so you can bend it over the ends and it goes on top of the house wrap.

    @chichidouglas5078@chichidouglas50782 жыл бұрын
    • In Vancouver, we start with tyvek starter strips for windows, the window header flashing with end dams goes on top of the starter strips and the building is then wrapped with house wrap overtop of the header flashing ( weather proofing is always positive lap like shingles ). On top of the house wrap does not make sense if water comes down the house wrap it should drip onto the header flashing and drip away from house - not continue behind header flashing.

      @walnutcontractors5661@walnutcontractors56612 жыл бұрын
    • @@walnutcontractors5661 Mr. Douglas is incorrect...US should be doing what you do.

      @racheat@racheat2 жыл бұрын
  • Donkey tracks is a better name! We call those "half moons" in New Zealand

    @lucasbuchanan6939@lucasbuchanan69392 жыл бұрын
  • Cool thanks

    @GreatWaterCircus@GreatWaterCircus11 ай бұрын
  • Have you tried Boral tru ext trim? It's really good

    @Obshowersyndicate@Obshowersyndicate2 жыл бұрын
  • What is "rain screening" ? I have never heard that term before.

    @johnossendorf9979@johnossendorf99792 жыл бұрын
    • The exterior of the plywood-sheathed house is covered in 1x2 battens, running vertically. Then your siding nails onto that. Any water that somehow gets behind the siding (and it will) can run down and out the bottom, without the wall itself getting wet. This is a great way to protect a home in a wet climate. Extra work, a bit more money, but peace of mind.

      @paulmaxwell8851@paulmaxwell88512 жыл бұрын
    • @@paulmaxwell8851 Thanks !

      @johnossendorf9979@johnossendorf99792 жыл бұрын
  • It amazes me that nobody, like I never see it done ever . take the time to prime and paint their cuts on ext trim .

    @Obshowersyndicate@Obshowersyndicate2 жыл бұрын
  • I had issues with bin123 peeling after a year, Recommendations?

    @shanemacmillan@shanemacmillan2 жыл бұрын
  • Any chance you’ll be plastering a brick wall anytime soon? I have a brick wall in my house which I put plaster primer on today but I am gonna need some instructions for the actual plastering process. I know you Canadian/Mericans just do drywall’s normally but maybe you can find a wall to plaster and make a video on it? Either way, great channel you have👍🏾

    @puffdaddyfpv7046@puffdaddyfpv70462 жыл бұрын
    • Kirk Giordano has good plastering channel: kzhead.infosearch?query=brick%20chimney%20

      @procrastin8enufftubingalre583@procrastin8enufftubingalre5832 жыл бұрын
    • @@procrastin8enufftubingalre583 Thanks mate! Guy has exactly the kinda content I need.

      @puffdaddyfpv7046@puffdaddyfpv70462 жыл бұрын
  • Any suggestions for the top corners of shake molding with 45 degree corners

    @Swimnbud@Swimnbud Жыл бұрын
  • Not sure if anybody has some advice but I’m getting ready to replace some o rotted window sills, I think the frames are ok but my question is, some of the windows have been replaced with a “flush exterior sill, how would I make the exterior sill flush?

    @briansawyer3232@briansawyer3232 Жыл бұрын
  • Do we have to paint once primed?

    @montamang837@montamang8379 ай бұрын
  • What about doing the 45 mitre trick on the ends of the bottom trim board ?

    @joshuaanderson9498@joshuaanderson9498 Жыл бұрын
  • How did you cut that 5 degree bevel to create the sloped sill?

    @notbuyingit2204@notbuyingit2204 Жыл бұрын
  • 14 degrees is the magic number for your sloped sill

    @cabbyhubby@cabbyhubby2 жыл бұрын
  • Another tip is to crown your sill so if cups it cups up over retaining water (opposite as shown afaict)

    @shootingatshadow@shootingatshadow2 жыл бұрын
  • Love the shrimp boat era Forrest Gump cosplay @3.54

    @captjon6388@captjon63882 жыл бұрын
  • I don't think that drip-edge is needed on a sloped cill - it's a detail for a flat bottomed cill. Water is not going to run back up a 5º slope, it's going to hang on that bottom edge and drip from there. And if you are going to make a cut in a place where water is going to collect at least make it big enough to ensure you get paint in it - make the groove at least a couple of blade widths wide..

    @adammacer@adammacer2 жыл бұрын
  • do your best, and caulk the rest! nice

    @ES-rr6jp@ES-rr6jp2 жыл бұрын
  • What big box window replacement would you recommend that doesn’t cost an arm And leg?

    @bhadz100@bhadz1002 жыл бұрын
    • Quite often you can get better quality windows made locally that are equal to or cheaper than the box stores. Same with doors.

      @tylercousins7779@tylercousins77792 жыл бұрын
    • box store windows are crap quality for the same price as a decent window. Don't go box store just call some window suppliers.

      @conradcoolerfiend@conradcoolerfiend2 жыл бұрын
    • @@tylercousins7779 I got mine from a small local home center, the owner a guy I know. He came out and measured all my windows and ordered them himself. Great to work with small local outfit.

      @reecenewton3097@reecenewton30972 жыл бұрын
  • Donkey Tracks are also called "Moons".

    @L.Scott_Music@L.Scott_Music2 жыл бұрын
  • 👍🏼

    @jc8256@jc82562 жыл бұрын
  • Can you do a video on that scaffolding setup?

    @feyrband@feyrband2 жыл бұрын
    • I didn’t build it

      @vancouvercarpenter@vancouvercarpenter2 жыл бұрын
  • 💙

    @heatherpoirier8717@heatherpoirier87172 жыл бұрын
  • is 5 degree on the sill enough ? I heard 15

    @lawrenceporter7753@lawrenceporter7753 Жыл бұрын
  • 👍👍👍

    @TapelessDrywallFinishing@TapelessDrywallFinishing2 жыл бұрын
  • I was taught while laying any caulk to "inject" it into the joints so it will fill in the voids and not just sit on the surface. More area for the caulk to bond will give it more strength.

    @Grizzleback07@Grizzleback072 жыл бұрын
    • That’s how I do it too👍

      @vancouvercarpenter@vancouvercarpenter2 жыл бұрын
  • What is rain screen ?, never heard that term. Dynaflex 230 sucks, too soft , phenoseal is my go to for exterior work.

    @tuck6464@tuck64642 жыл бұрын
  • 👏🏽👏🏽

    @renannascimento2423@renannascimento24232 жыл бұрын
  • What are the 3 circles on the wall under the window sill?

    @ramosel@ramosel2 жыл бұрын
    • Probably for air circulation.

      @vancouvercarpenter@vancouvercarpenter2 жыл бұрын
  • My granpa called donkey tracks - French Thumb Prints.

    @wrdennig@wrdennig2 жыл бұрын
  • Wondering if the smoke is from one of the fires north of Boundary Waters area?

    @patrickbates4161@patrickbates41612 жыл бұрын
    • This was filmed 2 weeks ago.

      @vancouvercarpenter@vancouvercarpenter2 жыл бұрын
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