The Guianas: South America's Weirdest Countries?
At the top of South America are three small territories. Until about ten years ago, not a single road connected them to the outside world. They are some of the world’s least talked about places and yet all three have interesting stories to tell. Stories of sugar and slavery, calypso and cults. In this series of videos I’m going to tell the story, of the Guianas...
Books
- John Gimlette, Wild Coast: Travels on South America's Untamed Edge, 2011
- John Hemming, Tree of Rivers: The Story of the Amazon, 2008
- Charles C. Mann, 1491: The Americas Before Columbus, 2005
- Charles C. Mann, 1493: How the Ecological Collision of Europe and the Americas Gave Rise to the Modern World, 2011
- McNeill, J. R, Mosquito Empires; Ecology and War in the Greater Carribbean, 2010
- English colonies in Guiana and on the Amazon, 1604-1668, James A. Williamson, 1923
Articles
- The Economist
- Tim Merrill, ed. Guyana: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1992.
- ‘A New History of the First Peoples in the Americas’, Adam Rutherford The Atlantic, 2017
- Suriname: 2016 Country Review, www.countrywatch.com
- ‘Genome-wide Ancestry and Demographic History of African-Descendant Maroon Communities from French Guiana and Suriname’, Fortes-Lima et al, Am J Hum Genet. 2017
- FREIRE, José R. Bessa. “Da ‘fala boa’ ao português na Amazônia brasileira”. Amerindia. Revue d’Ethnolinguistique Amerindienne, Paris, 1983, 8, pp. 39-83
- ‘MI5 files reveal details of 1953 coup that overthrew British Guiana's leaders’, Associated Press, The Guardian, 2011
- Richard Price, ‘Maroons in Guyane: Getting the Numbers Right’, Brill, 7th December 2018
- Scott B. MacDonald, ‘Has anything changed since French Guiana’s 2017 social upheaval?’, April 20, 2021
- ‘A Path to Prosperity for Oil-Rich Guyana’, Harvard International review, 27 September, 2023
- ‘Venezuelans to vote in referendum over large swathe of territory under dispute with Guyana’, AP, December 3rd 2023
00:00 Intro
00:56 Overview
04:47 Kaieteur Falls
08:24 A People's History of the Guianas
14:25 The Transatlantic Slave Trade
18:10 Arrivals from India
19: Conclusion
A note on the map outlines in this video. I have used outlines that I first took from a map showing all of 'the Guianas', which include the Spanish and Portuguese ones. These, I now realise, don't recognise the disputed nature of some of the borders, particularly that Suriname has with some of its neighbours. That map may have been out of date. I don't believe this invalidates any of the information in this particular video but in the next videos in this series (on Guyana, and later on Suriname and Guyane) I'm going to make some adjustments to reflect that some of these borders are contested. Needless to say that I don't take a position on these disputes themselves, but I probably could have drawn these borders in a way that shows more accurately that some parts of these borders are not settled. Sorry. My apologies for any offence caused.
I appreciate the disclaimer.
Thanks for pointing that out
This saddens me as for The British empire for instance , was not essentially racist especially for the past 200 years. , Many motives were from “cultural curiosity” and not always morally wrong. For instance although their were always bad people many had good intentions and often practices of cannibalism, tribal warfare and the abolishment of slavery was ended by the British by the last 200 years of the empire. British paid reparations and even attacked other countries slaves boats. Sometimes places like India wanted British rule rather than being governed by another another tribe. So this one eyed anti colonialism narrative is very one sided.
that is the correct border of Suriname and Guyana.. Guyana has been trying to take our land for years.. they want our shiny stuff
Britain twice the military power of both the Dutch Republic and France in the 17th century? I don't think so. They are called the Anglo-Dutch wars, it's the English that started them because they couldn't compete in the European trade and attacked Dutch merchants, they deserve the credits for those wars.
I’m from British Guiana now called Guyana. We are now the most wealthiest country in South America. We are friendly, hardworking, hospitable, family-oriented, not loud as many cultures in South America. We are nature lovers and our food is delicious and reflects the 5 different ethnic races in our land.
But being gay is illegal
love to visit, but theres a but.. what about bugs, insects? we have almost none🤷👏🙋🇨🇿
Do you still have Baku there? I recall a Guyanese coworker telling me stories about the dreaded Baku, devilish dwarfs that smoke cigars and do their masters bidding.
@@Picasso_Picante92 I remember my childhood home was haunted and my sister described small scary spirit looking at her at night. Not sure if that was a Baku
@@theoteddy9665 since we are literally in the Amazon, there are flying insects
Dude your video is outstanding. Better than most big budget documentaries.. My family moved from Guyana when I was a kid to NYC and I was trying to learn the history of Guyana and I’m glad I came across your video can’t want for you to release the rest. You are actually the first channel that I have turned on notifications for just because of the great quality of your work… I think it would also be a good idea for you to label the videos in episodes so it will be easier to watch in chronological order should someone look for it. Keep doing what you do my man
I agree! I met him personally in one of my tour inn Turkmenistan. He's a down to earth person! I like his Channel!
KZhead doesn't always have good video suggestions, but when it does, it delivers gems like this. Thanks. I've always wondered about those three territories. And I look forward to learning more.
The algorithm nailed this one for sure. Seems like it was getting pushed to a lot of new people
Think of or question anything and use the SEARCH on KZhead and you will learn something.
Me too. Went to Paramaribo once on a 48hr business trip, and it was a confusing multicultural whirlwind. Getting driven down to the airport (40+ km? away) over dirt roads at 5am felt surreal.
I don't understand how content this polished has not lead to many more subscribers. Fantastic work!
Personally, I'm A little uneasy because it's one person's name, rather than something like VICE, for example. Obviously many people are willing to work for him under his name to support the channel, but it does lead to many questions...
@@squirlmywhat are you uneasy about?
@@squirlmy huh?
@@squirlmyWho cares if it's his name?
I mean Johnny Harris channel has a persons name too, but he has a team of people working with him
Terrific work. Your calm, to the point delivery free from sensationalization, unnecessarily reaching pauses and hyper editing really makes this a joy to watch. Looking forward to the whole series. This is truly a region most of the world knows almost nothing about.
Watching this from Suriname 🇸🇷
is Tyron Spong popular over there?
Greeting from the Netherlands! I hope to visit one day. Met a lot of Surinamers here and appearently there are people with my last name living there! I'd love to hear their stories. Asking around my family it turns out one of my forefathers brothers married a local and started a family there.
Rare 😯
The Snakewood that comes from Suriname is probably the most beautiful wood on the planet.
Your food saved my life in Den Hag,,, (Cubana Erica's here)
I am so thankful to people like Alex who now post their great adventures and video work on KZhead. When I was about 12 in the 1950's I remember my mom taking me to see films like this at the Santa Monica Playhouse Theater. It was twenty five years ago when in order to see shows like this we had to see a series being offered in our local newspaper and pay to enter a small community hall or theater in order to see what was advertised as a travel documentary. I often bought a VHS copy just to support the filmmakers for their future travels. Now at 79, I can watch them all day or night at home on my large computer screen, WHAT A TREAT! There have always been travelers who wanted to record and share their adventures with those of us who stay closer to home. I AM SO THANKFUL TO THEM ALL.
This is a lot of history we never get in the US. When I was a child and through my teens I collected stamps. This taught me a lot about geography and a minuscule amount the country and famous people based on the stamp graphics. But I never learned much about the who and why and when. Now, approaching 70, I'm learning a lot more about history because of channels like yours. Thank you. (subbed)
I feel the same way. KZhead has become the new history teacher and the fascinating thing is everyone can see and learn from all corners of the world simultaneously. Amazing time and method to gather knowledge of our world. This medium may have been created for funny cat videos but it has morphed into a one stop knowledge and enlightenment hub. As a direct result I have traveled to South America and Africa and will hopefully get to visit other parts of the world thanx to YT😊🎉
If you were taught about every country, school would be about 20 years long.
@@grondhero You're right! 🙂Still working on it 50+ years after grade school.
😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊
This was my first time stumbling across your page. KZhead suggested it to me, cause I have always watched geography videos about the Guianas. A lot of videos I've seen have been repetitive information about the Guianas, but this was super refreshing! Bravo! Honestly, I instantly subscribed- I love the delivery of infiormation and the real world footage. You can't find a lot of quality pics/videos about this region online. Thank you fo your service!!!
Thanks a lot, many more videos to come!
Very well said. Great comment and I couldn't agree more about this video!
I recommend reading Wild Coast by John Gimlette. Tons of history I'd never heard before about this part of the world.
@@josh0g I can also highly recommend this book
Informative video...thanks!! Ive been to almost 100 countries, but never there.
Insanely good video man. So much effort put into this and it shows.
Glad you enjoyed it!
And a very open perspective on the population dynamics. I love colonial videos that point out when relevant that the Europeans did very little if any of the work of settlement and agriculture.
Love how you talk. Very calm. With no fake and annoying hype
I am from Suriname. I seldom comment on videos that I watch in the afternoon. But THIS is It. You clearly did your homework well. You are telling the story so calm and beautifull. You took into account the history and the stories our people have told you. I can tell because. You use the correct names for the different ethnic groups. And you are careful not to step on our toes. You explained the border issues well and dealt professional with it. As for the scenery: that is superb. I felt as if I was right there with you watching the mighty Kaieteur. I could feel the waterdrops and hear the falls. The music is wel chosen and enhances the story. And you voice is calm and soothing. Conclusion: WELL DONE. As an inhabitant of the Guyanas. A big thumps up. I will go and watch other videos. You might have a new subscriber here.
Great video, it was really impressive that you actually went there instead of just relaying on stock photo, look forward to the rest of the series. I visited all three of them shortly before the Pandemic, and your video brought back good memories. I actually thought there were more Javanese people than Indian in Suriname since the Javanese culture and cuisine felt more visible.
I would love to travel there too but I have a little arachnophobia. Did you see many hairy spiders in the cities?
Just an incredible, informative video... My Wife and I being from Trinidad & Tobago - we have some Guyanese friends and some Trinidadian friends that live or have lived there. But I NEVER knew the history like this! I'm blown away...I'm subscribing to your channel for sure :)
Every once in a while the YT algorithm gets it perfectly right. Admittedly I haven’t watched any of your other videos, yet, but I agree with the overwhelming majority of commenters. Great job! You have my like and subscribe!
I lived and worked in Guyana from 1995-97 and left my heart there. As I worked with the government, I was privileged enough to travel extensively and freely. The falls were absolutely breathtaking, I found very sad to see the levels of gold mining devastation in relatively short time, as I have many photos taken from the planes with zero damage.
So interesting. Can't wait for the next videos!
More to come! Thanks for watching
Alway love when a new series by you comes, out, can't wait to see the history of my mostly forgotten neighbors 🇨🇴
Thanks for watching so many of my videos man! I always look forward to your comments
Love to Venezuela from Suriname along with Bolivia were the poorest countries in South America but we must pray that we will once again overcome it
Fascinating! Took accelerated World History and Geography in 8th and 9th grades in VA, USA in the early 1970's. Learned more in less than 30 minutes watching this. So much for two semesters. I've learned more as an adult while seeking historical places and reading about places out of curosity. Excited for the rest of the series.
Can't wait for the next part of thia series! This is one of the best made videos of its kind I think I've ever seen. I must confess, I am envious! EXCELLENT content! Thank you for your work!
As s world geo teacher I was amazed at this video. Great work. This content it's what KZhead was meant for. I hope your channel grows because you deserve it. This region is almost often overlooked. Our current curriculum only mentions the tapuis and that's about it. Thanks for sharing the rich history of the region. Can't wait for the next video.
As a Caribbean native from a nearby island, i gotta say you did REALLY WELL about our South American brethren!! I was recomended this video and now I'm going to stick around to see the rest of the series
I've been to some of the islands nearby Guyana including the Republic of Trinidad & Tobago, Grenada, Barbados, Saint Lucia, the Commonwealth of Dominica and Antigua & Barbuda. Each island is unique. I note that Trinidad - the accents and people are really similar to Guyana. Although I must say the Belizean accent sounds a lot closer to the Guyanese accent even though Belize (formerly British Honduras) is located far away in Central America. Belize is the only English speaking country in Central America just as Guyana is the only English-speaking country in South America.
Are the people of the Caribbean still the Caribs or they eventually got replaced by different groups of people, like how Haiti is mostly African these days or how America is mostly white?
Such a solid fascinating presentation. So well done. Ty!
Mate that was an awesome video. So we’ll put together. Fascinating insights and a great spine to your storytelling. You should be proud of that! Great effort. And brilliant soundtrack
Well done, I had no idea how interesting the history and uniqueness the Guianas are from the rest of SA.
You should visit suriname one day our country is for people who love the jungle cause 93% of suriname is covered with forest
Absolutely fascinating! As a geography/anthropology enthusiast, I cant believe I know nothing of this region of the world. I'm excited to learn more. Thanks for the great video!
Now this is the content I am looking for on youtube! As frenchman myself I genuinely can't remember ever talking about Guiana in school (I would assume because it doesn't exactly pain us as "the good guys") and I know shamefully little about its people and history. Well researched and respectful educational content on places like this is something that is way too rare and I commend you for doing it, I definitely will check out the rest of your channel and be waiting for the follow up videos :)
On ne parle jamais de la Guyane parce qu'il s'agit d'une région française. Sans mentionner sa faible importance. Pour ce qui est de passer pour les "gentils" ne t'inquiètes pas l'éducation nationale fait son travail sur le colonialisme
@@vlcr9259Cela fait quelques que temps que j'ai été moi même à l'école, peut être que le sujet est mieux couvert de nos jours. Personnellement je n'ai aucun souvenir que la Guyane, ou tout autre territoires français, est été discuté pendant mes cours, mais c'est aussi une lacune que j'aurais put facilement combler de mon côté. Jusqu'à il y a quelques jours je ne savais même pas que la Polynésie française existait :x
@@Evvins oui c'est notable que l'outre-mer est assez peu évoqué, ce qui est cocasse puisque des sujets sur le reste de l'Europe et la colonisation/de l'Afrique et de l'Amérique sont inclus, notamment sur les volets tel que le commerce triangulaire ou la colonisation
This is the most informative video I've seen about Guyana. Thank you so much
Fascinating video. Thank you so much. Looking forward to exploring your other videos.
Thank you very much for this video!! I watched the video 2 hours ago and forwarded it to my friends and everybody is impressed. I live in Suriname and your approach to the story of the Guyanas is very impressive. The quality of the video and the obvious effort that you put in the storyline is really great. My friends and I are now waiting for the next video 🙂🇸🇷.
Insanely high quality video. So many of the other geographical and historical documentaries on youtube are similar in how they talk about the places in their videos as yours, but the added effort of conversing with the people there and showing new footage of the countries and territory, actually GOING THERE yourself really brings this a level up on many others. Thank you for using the funds from this channel to make even better videos. Instant subscribe, can't wait for the next one.
WOW! Thank you for this. I'll be looking for this series!
so excited for this series!!! great first video. appreciate the quality content
I just came back from Suriname. Took a trip inside the interieur as well, i stayed at Kabalebo in the middle of the jungle. Think i was never so far isolated from other people in my life before, it was a great trip! Really excited for your series!
The country of Suriname is still Dutch, correct? Is Dutch still spoken there? That's one heck of a rare destination for a vacation! It would seem to me that none of these countries receive many tourists. Excellent choice. All the best to you.
We speak dutch,but are not a colony of the netherlands anymore,the most tourists comes from the netherlands@@higherresolution4490
Thank you! Being the cricket tragic, it has always fascinated me that Guyana, located on the most football mad continent, has produced some of the greatest cricketers ever - Lance Gibbs, Clive Lloyd, Shiv Chnderpaul etc. Their football team is associated with the same group as Canada and not the rest of South America. Such an anomaly!
Probably ties into the indian population he mentioned then 😂
@@namename3130 Possibly, but I suspect it has more to do with Guyana being a former British colony.
That was a fascinating video. I knew nothing about Guyana before this. Clearly your exploration and research were put to good use. I will watch your other videos on this topic.
Great video. Looking forward to the rest of the series
Truly exceptional video! Well documented, well narrated, and well photographed. Thank you Alex, very professional and didactic work.
It's always nice to watch your videos: the quality of the images, the music, the sound and the passion and effort you put on all this. Keep up with the good work!
Nicely done! I look forward to more in the series.
So interesting! I have been quite curious about (and confused about!) the guianas for a long long time. You are right that they seem never to be discussed anywhere. Thank you for this!
Brilliant, I look forward to the rest of the series
Very impressive and informative overview of that part of the Americas! This is the kind of scholarly material that should make YT proud. Mr. Rothman has a speaking style that is as once authoritative, accessible and most of all encyclopedic.
And eye candy. 😊
Phenomenal work, very excited to see where this series goes moving forward
Wow...what a captivating and eye-opening documentary video. Awesome! Please keep up the great work that you are doing...
Fascinating and expertly told! Can’t wait for the rest of the series!
Love it Alex, can't wait for the rest of the series! Keep up the great work
Brilliant, what a fabulous introduction to these fascinating lands.
This video has blown my mind. So educational and told through great, informative storytelling. It all relates to what we see now. Fascinating.
Beautiful video man, awesome that you went there
Looking forward to learning more about my heritage! Thanks for making these.
Mr. Rothman has a very relaxing voice, almost ASMR. Subbed, a great video about a very obscure part of the Americas.
Great video! Can't wait for the rest of the series!
So glad your site just went viral. The world will be a better place if folks (especially Americans) tune in to the concise insightful education you offer. Thank you and congrats on a job well done.
It’s been a while since we’ve gotten a travel documentary like this from you! Excited for it!
Amazing video! I was left baffled at the end
This was such a great video! Im looking forward to the rest of the series!
ALL of the European countries went there mainly for the MAHOGANY and other hardwood trees in the swamps. It was worth as much as Gold. The British Colonies immediately started exporting Mahogany after being established in the 1600's. It's how they cleared/filled the land for what Plantations could even exist later. They could harvest it and move it down river in smaller boats - though it was tough. The land was near useless otherwise to begin with. Swamps.
Amazing....europeans were invited there to...
@yankee4938 Nope - Europeans Conquered it. The Tribe they took it over from, The Arawaks, were themselves ruthlessly attacking, dominating, plundering, enslaving and murdering (and even eating) all of the Caribbean Island tribes including the Caribs, - which is why the Caribs sided with Columbus initially. They had just been attacked. The Arawaks were the Conquerors before the Europeans. They weren't invited anywhere either. Just like every other Civilization built in History - nobody has ever been invited.
Great documentary! Thank you Alex 🤠🐸❤
Absolutely fascinating! Bravo! Well done!
very well done sir!, i feel blessed to have found your channel!, i love learning all day as i can barely walk around any more!
Looking forward to more of these. I've always been fascinated by these countries.
Appreciate the in depth dive.
love all your videos.. great insights and delivery. very well researched.
I haven't listened to such an informed, articulate, dispassionate presenter in many years, to be precise, since listening to Michael Wood, from the University of London, in his series "Legacy: The Origins of Civilization". Top channel. I subscribed immediately. I've always wondered about these three countries, or rather, what were previously five countries, or rather, what were tribal territories without national identities. I'm very much in anticipation of seeing the entire series as they are posted.
My goodness such an interesting video never wanted to end.......... I hope the other videos come soon......... It doesn't hurt to learn more
Fascinating, I'm hooked already and thirsty for more about this huge place with such a checkered history. Thank you for opening this amazing book for us all.
Excellent introduction! Looking forward to the rest of the series :)
Great video. Looking forward to the rest of the series!
Fantastic video! I love the editing and narrating. The information was super interesting.
Fascinating, excellent, well done very enjoyable to watch and learn I will be watching more of your content
So glad to find this channel. Really looking forward to the next issues.
VERY interesting. Thank you! And so nice to "see" a person explaining these things while walking through the history. Superb!
Bloody good video. I loved everything about it. You answered questions I always had about that area and then some. What a part of the world though! Literal WOW!
Thank you, very well created. I totally enjoy viewing. I have subscribe and looking forward to viewing more of your creative content. Cheers
Fantastic! The filming and information is presented so well. Looking forward to more in your Guiana series.
thanks alex for this fascinating and thought provoking insight, looking forward to hearing more about each guiana
Looking forward to the videos on each of the three countries.
Fantastic viewing, Alex! - informative, and you have a good knack with presentation, too :) Cheers, mate, and I wish you the very best with the channel. I shall visit again!
Fascinating! Great video. I'll watch more of yours. Thank you.
Never expected this video to be so informative and very well presented, thank you!
such a great presentation of places i never imagined anyone would cover in details. what a treasure, definitely deserve a lot more views on YT. GREAT WORK AGAIN, alex!
Glad you enjoyed it!
There are literally dozens of videos about these countries and many of them cover the history... so you are praising something that others have done and you are just being a bit daft.
True, however, there would be none of this without the forethought, and execution. It made millionaires more millionaires, but then if that never had occurred what we look like. In most ways the world is still turning in this fashion. Nothing has changed yet everything has changed.@@thomgizziz
First time watcher here. Excellent video. Can’t wait to see the rest of the series.
I hope your channel blows up. You deserve it. Top tier content!!!
Utterly fascinating video. Thank you for this.
best video I've seen on the Guyanas so far, excellent work!
Thanks! 😃
Great work, can’t wait to watch the series
Fantastic! How have you gone under my radar? I'm subscribed and chomping at the bit for more. Well done, mate. Can't wait to watch more of your content.
Amazing you explain so well! Very captivating!
Fascinating video about relatively unknown countries in South America!
Good work, thankyou Sir. Have a Suriname Cherry plant in my kitchen now. Excited about potential fruits coming from future trekking.
Absolutely excellent video. Thank you!
Excellent job on the video! Thanks for posting.
I'm glad I stumbled upon your channel, great video!
Welcome aboard!
Hi Alex. Yours must be the most underrated channel. Love your videos and wish you would do more. Your videos are filled with love and the beautiful energy of yours. Apart from being really interesting and well researched
Thanks for watching and for the comment! I'm trying to put them out as fast as possible, but they take a ton of time. More to come soon though
Excellent historical and ethnographic video! Love it. Keep Makin this Excellent content🙌🏾👑🥂
I’m so happy I found this channel. Thank you for the good work!
Amazing video. I first learned about this country a couples months ago but very little. This video is so educational! thanks for the effort
This popped up in my feed - what a professionally made, informative video! You should have a million subscribers, hopefully that will happen soon!