European conquest of America - Summary on a Map
Let's retrace here the colonization by Europeans, from the discovery by Christopher Columbus until the end of the Seven Years’ War.
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English translation & voiceover: Matthew Bates www.epicvoiceover.com/
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Original French version: • La conquête européenne...
Russian version: • Европейская колонизаци...
Arabic version: • الاستعمار الأوروبي لقا...
Spanish version: • La conquista europea d...
Portuguese version (Brazil): Coming soon
Japanese version: • ヨーロッパ人のアメリカ大陸征服
German version: • Europäische Eroberunge...
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Music: Drop - Anno Domini Beats (KZhead Library)
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Software: Adobe After Effects
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Chapters
00:00 Situation in Europe
00:30 Rounding the Cape
01:43 The first voyage
03:15 European impulses
04:04 Spanish settlement
05:50 Submission of the Aztecs
07:16 Fall of the Inca Empire
08:20 Resistance
09:33 Rebellion in Peru
10:22 European competition
11:30 France and England
12:49 New Netherland
13:54 Triangular trade
14:56 New France
16:13 Franco-British tensions
#geohistory #history #america #europe #conquest #discovery
I really liked that the unknown territories were in black, it gives a better context.
Is there a joke I'm missing
@@grantcaldwell1582 or Eu4
@@grantcaldwell1582 Like a Starcraft map :) It's a great idea for videos about exploration. Would love to see fog of war used in map videos for battles/wars.
I knew there was going to br that comment, true.
Fog of war: On
Fun fact. The city of New Amstetdam was defended by a big wall. But the British attacked from the sea. When they conquered the city and renamed it to New York, they also tore down the wall and reused the stones by building a street. That street got the name "Wall Street".
Fun fact New York come from York and York is a city in England and the name York is from jordvik and jordvik in English is dirtbay and they got the name jordvik from Vikings
@@countryball4276 fun fact, potatoes on my toes
and Brooklyn comes from "Breukelen"
@@countryball4276 Jórvík* in Norse. Cool fact about the Wall Street, now it makes sense!
@@jjrj8568 The Bronx comes from Dr Bronck and Yankees from Jan Kees (2 famous Dutch names) Santa Claus comes from Sinterklaas.
Spain's hegemony over the Pacific Ocean was so great that it was called the Spanish Lake.
The Earth was called Britain
@@dylanmurphy9389 hahaha, NO
Yes, but that's because the Narrator 1st concentrates on South America. North America, as you can see, right from the Early 1500, it was the Brits and the French and a few decades later, Dutch. There was a lot going on in the northern continent, whilst Spanish Conquistadors, were Raping and pillaging in South America, But it was less murderous and intense.You just have to take an interest and reseearch. It - it was equally interesting, Britain and the France had colonialists, who became fur trappers, who actually lived amongst the Indian tribes, in the early years, and actually married in to those communities, which was much more cooperative and less divisive than the Spanish experience, which was far more "top-down" domination, and also part of the reason why the Spanish ended up causing so much resentment, which led to the early decline, of their empire. I rremember that the Name of the French trappers, Living with the Indians were called "The Courious de bois". I remember reading about this and thinking this must have been the best time for everyone concerned, where life was hard, living off a hostile land, Without modern technology, right in the deep wild, but communication was relatively good and animosity limited, except between the British and French colonies, later when the symptoms of the 7 years War started simmering. Remember, the 1st settlers were pretty much left alone by the Crown and the people Were living a relatively free life, even though the risks were far higher, in an unpredictable sense
@@Rowlph8888 You should learn geography and know what North America covers. and you should ask yourself why there are so few indigenous people in Canada and the US. The English did not mix with the natives and marginalized them, while the Spanish mixed with the natives
@@DCDVassili Stop with your propaganda. You should try to learn the Difference between a "US citizen", post 1776 and a working class English settler, before the 7 years War (approx: 1575-1748). t's a matter-of-fact that the English crown, "refused" the settlers requests, who kept asking to be able to push to the west and Violate "Treaties" That had been agreed to, With the natives and were Honoured, by the British Crown. The Brits were there for 200 years, before the Americans independence, but still only maintained colonies on the eastern border. It Wasn't until after the "American Independence", That the Settlers Began (Under the Bullshit manifest destiny lie) began to Push into the West and Started Causing More Atrocities. So it's the opposite of what you are saying. The original "working class", fur trapping colonialists, from Britain and france, wanted to escape the hegemony, of the crowns of theiir respective kingdoms and many did live, marry and trade, amongst the natives. With Regards to those Spanish exploiting and violating, I wasnt talking about the Spanish "working class", or settlers, I was talking about the Imperial "upper classes(Conquistadsors) that were sent there, who were causing the exploitation.The difference was that In the case of the original settlers forming from Britain and France, the Crowns, in those countries, were not so bothered about the new world, at that stage, as they had domestic issues.A bit later is when the Crown got involved and conflict Between Britain and France, started to be more severe, as a Kind of proxy war. Also, there were far more losses amongst the indigenous in South than in North America.Even though the Spanish crown and many religious figures, wanted more peaceful indigenous contact, the Conquistadors, ddidn't honour those wishes and destroyed communities,, wherever they went, Stealing gold and taking it to Spain and reacting aggressively when the indigenous misunderstood and reacted ambiguously to attempted religious indoctrination.
Imagine travelling an unknown sea for countless days, only having heard stories and myths to then stumble upon land. What an amazing and also scary feeling that would of been
The Spanish were the first! Amazing Brave explorers!..
If I were the sailer of that boat sailing for weeks, I would be so scared I would rather die. Those are BRAVE people.
It would have been such a scary feeling for the natives too. Their near entire population being slaughtered and toyed with, having the species they most rely on for food brought to near extinction so they'd fall in line as well as having their culture, religion and languages brainwashed and literally whipped out of their children who were ripped from their parents at a young age, likely to never see them again. Such an amazing feeling...
@@magma7155it be like that
Not our fault they were still stuck in the stone age its survival of the fittest out here@@magma7155
I just cannot fathom docking on a place like Florida without any prior knowledge of the land. That had to be such a unique human experience that may never be replicated. Like imagine living in 1500 Spain and seeing all of the trees and crocodiles and shit. That’s just so insane to me
@@HM-eg9hv my bad I guess. Regardless I would assume they hadn’t seen a crocodile/alligator in person before that
@@HM-eg9hv they have both
Actually the term Alligator comes from the Spanish explorers in Florida. Too lazy to look up the details but it’s pretty cool the theorize theses first contacts with other civilized societies.
@@Ziiphyr Yes, they called them el lagarto, the lizard, the French of Louisiana mispronounced it as aligator.
And running into Florida Man.
Imagine living in a time where there were unknown lands on earth. Would've been epic
Till you get a scratch and die because there is no cure for that time
@@bruhemoth5599 oh well too bad, wouldn't care
Well, we live in a time when there are unknown planets
now we know there's a hell lot of unknown space and water. isn't that epic too?
@@bertholdt8020 Born too late to explore the world, born too early to explore the space... It hurts.
Great summary! Precision : European fishermen (Basques, Bretons, Normans, etc.) visited the Saint-Lawrence River through the 16th century, even before Jacques Cartier's claim for New France in 1534 ; this is one century before what is shown in this video. Also, important settlements in the New France area are omitted : Montréal (Ville-Marie, 1642), Détroit (1701), La Nouvelle-Orléans (1718), whereas a lot of settlements are shown in the 13 colonies.
IT'S NOT DISEASE OR VIRUS KILLED INDIAN, EUROPEAN GENOSIDE THE INDIAN !
I like how Columbus’s voyage only occurred because he was wrong about the circumference of the earth. The other monarchs had rejected funding his expedition precisely because their scholars knew perfectly well that the earth was round and roughly how large it was, and knew (correctly) that there was no way that the Indies could be within sailing distance going west.
Everyone at war over gold and land The Portuguese: damn, sugar cane tastes good
Sugar was actually very rare and thus extremely expensive and although the video focuses more on how the European exploration influenced North America, with the discovery of the maritime route to India, Lisbon became one of the biggest cities in the world and Portugal became the richest country in the world because she dethroned the previous spice route. Portugal continued to explore and to expand Brazil, but wood and sugar, despite lucrative, weren't gold, as you said. However gold was found in Brazil, eventually, which triggered a lot more interest in this colony.
Dutch: this nutmeg is good
The natives: 🗿🗿🗿
@@luisalmeida1391 Verdade.
@@luisalmeida1391 Portugal fell really behind because of the succession crisis that made it lose independence to Spain. 60 years was a lot of time during the peak of the age of exploration. After it regained independence, recovered some territories and was still ver powerful but couldnt compete with the other powers anymore, so it just developed the existing colonies.
This shit goes so hard. I’d like to think I would’ve actually enjoyed history and geography if it were formatted like this when I was in school
Facts school some straight 💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩
I always loved history and geography in school but I'm old so Maybe in my day it was more interesting. Although it's not fun knowing history in this day and age. It just leads to fights with anyone under 40 because they tend to not know anything.
It's not too late to enjoy history
@Storm Zaibot so you're saying that after tens of thousands of years of inter tribe war didn't end their civilization but then Europeans landed to " civilized " them and introduce diseases that literally killed hundreds of millions alone , not including the wars fought over someone else's land by European powers wasn't the reason suddenly they all went extinct or became tiny pockets of people still alive? Just a giant coincidence that it never happened before in all of existence for them till European people got involved. Hmmmm ok.
@Storm Zaibot well KZhead decided to delete my response. Some of what younsay is true but much of what you say is wrong. Unfortunately KZhead won't let me converse with you
Nice animation, I wish you had drawn more of the precolonial territories (other than aztecs and Incas). Would give a better idea of the complexity of the geography that was disturbed by the colonisation
What a brilliant video! Suddenly it's all clear as day. Great job. Thank you so much.
Spain really took a gamble with that meridian treaty when you think about it , they didnt knew how the continent shape was yet they decided the divide , they really could have ended up having the short stick
and they did. Gold was in brasil and north america, not so much in west south america, and + africa and unclamed asia....ya, Portugal won 100%
They actually lost a lot with that treaty, but there are motivations that come from the wars in north africa
@@ruicorreia6373 ?? El oro estaba en los territorios españoles, principalmente en el virreinato del Perú, no inventes cr7
@@ruicorreia6373 the gold was mostly in the Mayan, Inca empires and the continental land around the West Indies what today is modern day Colombia /Venezuela
They had an unbelievable luck because the Portuguese already knew that there was land over there as the Tordesillas treaty prove it. The Portuguese main focus was to keep the spice trade...
Fog of War adds A LOT to the video. You get to see what european people at the time saw.
Agreed! Really makes history exciting!
@@NinjaChi NOOOOOO ITALY IS A LITTLE TOO CURVY THIS VIDEO IS SHIT NOOOOOOOOOOOO
@@gabrieldnchf2822 i think he meant in medieval times, people couldn't make accurate maps
@@petmop1309 Maps didn't need to be perfect, captains aboard vessels wouldn't use the maps to navigate, rather latitudes and magnetic directions which obviously were accurate, otherwise there wouldn't be any return voyages.
@@sdsd2e2321 that's a fact, I'm just saying they weren't accurate
You have designed this very beautifully and exceptionally. 👌
Really nice grafic ! I appreciate how you uncover new territory
The original voice over has quite a bit of character. Iconic, even. This version is good and pro style, but more generic.
I like this one more
I like the old one more
I like Riddle's Voice here
agree
This is so generic meaks this a trash video
Spain reached Alaska in 1791, at that moment Spain ruled the whole Pacific coast of America, from cape of Horn in south Chile to Alaska cities like Valdez or Cordova
a few settlements and ports north of mexico means control over the entire pacific coast?
@@KentoKei the same for the british. Did the british directly controlled Canada, Australia and India? Of course not. The important thing in America is that there are spanish names from the artic circle to the antartic circle, that's why spanish is the most spoken language in America. The claim couldn't be enforced because you know, icy lands, as you said Spain built stetlements in the area, some explorers were sent to the area by the King Charles III of Spain just to explore the territory. The thing is that Spain had a way more richer territories than British in Canada or Australia, most people don't know but Australia was discovered by spaniards as well as Canada and most people don't know why Canada is called Canada, spaniards named canada "Acá nada" that means "here nothing" Why to claim an icy land where a penguin Will fell cold when you have the "Virreinato de Nueva España" which is the actual Mexico, Mexico is nowadays the country that produce the most silver and Peru is the second, How much petrol Venezuela has? How much iron latin america has? How much zinc latin america has? Copper is used everywhere for electricity and Peru is the second country that produce more copper only behind China.
@@LucidFL Canal de Camacho Isla de San Gonzalo Islas de los Pilotos Isla de la niebla Islas Trinidad Florida Blanca Isla de Camacho Volcán Miranda Bahía de Quadra Isla de Cañizares Isla San Aniceto Ensenada de Nuestra Señora de la Regla Puerto de Revillagigedo Isla de San Antonio Isla de Quirós Isla Rosa Puerto Santiago Punta Cañizares Puerto de Flores Boca de Quadra Isla de Quimper Isla del Conde Puerto Valdés Puerto Mazarredo Puerto Gravina Isla de la Magdalena Islas de las Culpas Puerto Córdoba Santa Rosa Punta de Cañas Isla del Carmen Puerto de Desengaño Cabo Muñoz Puerto Mulgrave Ensenada de Castilla Bahía de Palma Isla de lobos Bahía de Guadalupe Cabo Engaño Isla de Santa Cristina Isla de Pérez Isla de Santa Margarita Puerto de los Remedios Ensenada del Susto Monte San Jacinto Puerto y entrada de Bucareli Cabo de San Agustín Isla de Revillagigedo Canal de Revillagigedo Islas Zayas Campania Canal de Laredo Isla Gil Isla Aristazabal Fuerte de San Miguel Santa Cruz de Nuca Surgidero de San Lorenzo Isla Flores Flores Isla de Vargas Vargas Canal de Alberni Alberni Voluntarios de Cataluña Pilar de Fuga Fuerte Núñez Gaona Punta de los Mártires Rada de Bucareli Entrada de Heceta Isla de Quadra y Vancouver Isla Cortés Isla Hernando Isla Texada Isla Lasqueti Isla de las ballenas Gran canal de Nuestra Señora Rosario Marinena Bocas de Carmelo Punta de la bodega Río de Floridablanca Isla Saturna Isla de los Patos Estrecho de Haro Isla Pacheco Seno Gastón Puerto Socorro Islas del San Juan Montaña del Carmelo Seno Padillo Islas Güemes y San Vicente Boca de Fidalgo Puerto de Córdoba Puerto de San Juan Puerto de Quadra Punta Santa Cruz Dungeness Puerto de Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles Estrecho de Juan de Fuca Río de San Roque Río de Aguilar Cabo Blanco That's only in the territory of Nutca (the actual Alaska) Imagine the rest of Canada, USA, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Chile
They never control cap Horn, he even tell it in the video.
@Weasel I’m pretty sure he said America, not just North America. North America has roughly 317 million English speakers and 121 million Spanish speakers, so yes. English is more in North America. But in South America, because he clearly said Arctic to Antarctic, there is 5.4 million English speakers and about 210 million Spanish speakers. The Caribbean, also apart of the Americas, is 64% Spanish, though i cant find a Spanish speaking population number that excludes islands already counted in north and South America. In Central America, there is an additional 32 million Spanish speakers. So that’s looking to be 360 million Spanish speakers to 322 million English speakers (I didn’t count the 400k English creoles speakers in Central America as I was avoiding too many decimals)
1:40 wrong, it was only the queen of Castille who authorized and paid for Columbus' expedition. Aragón had nothing to do, and thus the boats were sailing under Castilla's flag
Very concise! And the maps really help one visualize it.
This completely ignores the northward Spanish expansion along the west coast of North America beginning in 1542 with Cabrillo's expedition. That is a HUGE hole in the story. Vizcaino came along 70 years later. Most of the place-names in coastal California are from that second expedition.
There was a lot missing but I think they wanted to do the highlights. A lot about the 13 colonies, France expansion, and early Spanish expeditions were missing.
Yet the video mentions irrelevant Drake expedition. Big Anglosaxon bias.
The U.S. always tries to sweep under the rug anything that can take away the legitimacy of their imperial expansion, conquest and thus ownership of the lands to the west of their 13 colonies.
Yeah Los Angeles clearly a British name isn't it ?
@@hansjorgkunde3772 Los Ángeles, San Diego, San Francisco... San Agustín was the first city founded by Europeans.
Portugal financed an expedition in the Amazon River in 1563 that finished in Quito, in the 1800s a new expetion was done using the diaries information, and they were able to reach Quito again.
And before in 1541 Orellana go down from Quito and travel all the Amazon.
@@editorenbici Gracías, no lo sabía.
Brazil el robo a latinoamerica...
@@64jsanchez ?
Portugal saqueadores and traitors
A simplification, but well presented. One part of the simplification that I can see is that it draws maps based on claims more than settlements. The French claims Western Newfoundland, yes, but they never had more than a few hundred in all of Newfoundland, and even those were in the North and South. Calling this a permanent settlement of the West is thus a stretch. I really appreciate the role of the Catholic Church mentioned, though. There was a great internal fight in Spain over slavery
This is one of the best animations I've ever seen keep up the good work:) !
6:21 it was not just impresion by firearms and horses. These peoples were actually enemies of the Aztecs and saw their chance to win a war against them in an Alliance with the Spaniards.
correct
Good amplification, but in order to see a chance to win for such a small group of people you must first get really impressed by the things they bring with them, which was the point.
@@NicolasNombela from what I know the number of natives fighting against the Aztec was roughly the same as the number of Aztec warriors. The few Spaniards with limited ammo were just a small factor in the conflict, though they might have tipped the scale. The Spaniards had about 1% of the men that their allies had and most of th didn't have firearms, from what I know only a few dozen had them and firearms of the early 16th century weren't that much better than arrows.
Yes civilizations conquered by the aztecs like the toltekas that were usually enslaved and sacrified to keep in order.
@@rfvtgbzhnThe Spanish defeated the natives in the first place.
Even though Rahul has dropped voicing these videos, (and personally I think his voice is so calming to listen to) the content of these videos still remain top notch as they did before, and hey let’s welcome Matthew as a positive change. And as Rahul himself stated, we’ll get used to the new voice soon. Stay strong Rahul, and welcome Matthew
He sounds like he'd be in one of those weird top ten monsters caught on camera videos
@@karibrimacombe8710XX We say XX as its the British version of lol
@@caminationsshorts1523 Not really. I’m British and I’ve never heard anyone say XX.
Lots of context to the single encounter one knows (Columbus, Vasco da Gama..) - very cool, thanks!
"Portugal had a dream that they controlled the entire Indian Ocean, including the Spice Trade...and then that dream was real. And Spain realized that this is not India, but they pillaged it anyway!" "Damn", said England and France, "We gotta start pillaging some stuff!" "Then, the Dutch revolt, and all the hipsters move to Amsterdam." "Damn", said Amsterdam... "We gotta start pillaging some stuff!"
It's good that finally someone pays attention to the attempts by the Spanish kings to make all people in America equal (as the video says, not everybody liked or followed that, but that was the idea). However, the map does not show all of the Spanish territories in Europe.
I think that the good the did was solidly overshadowed by them being 100% responsible for the African slave trade
@@robertmartin8907 you forgot about the english
@@PP-sj7pl and the Dutch, and the French, and the Portuguese. But you're Spanish so you're probably just raised from childhood to hate Britain anyways so why bother.
@@genericchannel1754 ive been raised from my childhood to hate Spain and its history. I said England as normally those who acuse Spain of being the only ones trading with african slaves are the english but of course those two werent the only ones.
@@PP-sj7pl But Spain hardly even traded slaves, the primary traders of slaves were the Portuguese, the British, and the Dutch.
You also forgot to mention Spanish exploration of the whole west coast up to Alaska and the late conflict it became with the Russian until its cession. Also you missed the whole Spanish foundation of California. If you include Luisiana which was part of Spain barely a few years, more than half today’s United States was once Spanish.
Didn't Texas beat the shit out of the whole Mexican Army and now its Texas.
@@sammortakai5247 What does the Texan army fighting the independent Mexican army has to do with Spain
@@ikad5229 You're right it actually had nothing to do with it.
General Ruminahui
António Silva United States was once Spanish. Mentira Lie Being part of Castile like this is right. The name of Spain did not exist at that time. The name of Spain was born in 1876
You know a channel is good when this guy voices it.
You completely missed the mission of Don Tristan DeLuna which was sent by the then Governor. from Mexico in 1559 to establish a new colony in Ochuse, which is now Pensacola Florida. This was the first settlement in the land to become the USA. Had it not been for a hurricane Pensacola would have been the first city in the United States, 4 years before St Augustine
This is awesome. The fog of war gives it the feel and mystery of Civilization (the game). I learned so much and this helps to explain why and how the European countries took over America. This is crack for a history nerd.
hehehe, this Video is making me wanna play Colonization ;)
Europa Universalis is next level compared to Civ. Try that or CK 2 and/or 3
@@RenaissanceYann true, EU IV is on a level of its own, the best of its kind!
@@Andrew-px9fj amazing game I've got over 1k hours in it. Love playing as a either England,Spain or Holland :)
it mustve been incredible exploring a new continent and hearing that there are multiple huge empires already inhabiting it
I love the use of the black, unexplored areas of the map, kinda like it's in strategy games with the fog of War! It's interesting that the fog of war like its known in games is actually a real military theory (Clausewitz, 19th century), yet so many people connect it with games (which got the idea of it from the military theory as well).
I really like the fire beat and bass drops when something gets discovered
The first germans, polish, czechs, flemish (belgians), swiss and maybe from other central european countries to set foot on continental mainland of New World was in 1529, so as to work as miners to search El Dorado in actual Venezuela . The leased colony by Emperor Charles V to the Augsburg banker family of Welser was called "Klein Venedig" and its capital Coro was named "Neu Augsburg", Maracaibo "Neu Nüremberg" and Cabimas o "Neu Ulm". Some expeditions inland departed from Coro and El Tocuyo (also given a german name as Tocuyothal) searching for El Dorado. "Klein Venedig" didn't last long though, this was due to both poor results and complaints from miners and locals, thus Emperor Charles V didn't renew the contract to the Welsers (bankers from Augsburg). Some very old and forgotten cemeteries in NW Venezuela may have some surnames still, no idea. This was at a time when the portuguese were still exploring lands which soon later became Brazil and the spanish just arriving to Cuzco and the River Plate. 🇩🇪🇻🇪 🤠👍 That's right the reasons of the Welser expeditions was to find Eldorado for that, they didn't make a culture legacy and now Maracaibo (The principal city than they created ) doesn't have nothing of germ an culture appart of the Tovar colony established in 1842. But in the Second World War with the germans emigration they build and reapairs so much of his old colonies these new villages start to buiding to equaty than in otrers countries like Peru, Brasil, Chile, Uruguay and Argentina that's when they finally make a legacy in that's countries (Culture legacy). sorry for the fails in the coment, my english is not very nice .
Also, when Columbus brought some natives back, the Catholic Queen Isabel ordered him to release them
The Catholics, the Queen and the priests were super worried about the wellbeing of the natives. They held conferences and agreed they were not barbarians but humans with soul and dignity. The conquistadors on the other hand were businessmen of war and they often clashed with the church due to the mistreatment of natives, and generally ignored the laws that protected natives. In any case, by far the worse enemy of the natives were the viruses they had no defenses against.
This seems like a big bunch if BS to me, especialy taught bythe Spanish educational system. Learn anything about the actual story of my people in south america. Their concept of "evangelization" required the suppresion of people's humanity, slavery, genocide, and rape.
Just read about El Requerimiento of 1513 in which it was declared that Spain had the right to do whatever they wanted with the natives. Not only could they do it legally, but morally as well, being endorsed by the catholic church
@@s.w.stryker6491 as long as they were converted to Christianity. Furthermore, the University of Salamanca had a quarrel arguing if they were capable of knowing the concept of Property, for if they did, their lands couldn't be taken. That meant some native tribes converted to Christianity and kept their lands and form of government, giving in return a part of their harvest. Furthermore, mixing was encouraged. It's a way of conquest similar to what the Roman empire did. Compare it to Locke's idea of property for the conquest, where he said that only those who worked the fields could be considered owners (a theory made ad hoc for the British conquest of north America, for there was a majority of nomad tribes). That meant when the British started expanding and working the fields, they were legally abide to kill and exterminate every native tribe that entered their lands, as they weren't considered owners, but invaders. As a result you have a few natives alive in the US and Canada and a majority of the population mixed from Mexico to the southernmost part of the Spanish Empire
@Angel_Gomez Any historical record that proves this? Because everywhere I've looked disproves any sort of reasoning like that. Also, even if it's true that some of their rights are protected if they are converted to Christianity, how do you think the locals were compelled to be converted? How were they compelled to be mixed if not forced into "grape"? Read about the story of any of the countries of my people and see how many chose it was so very nice of the spanish to come sack them, so much so that they willingly change their religion to theirs, and ho much they let them keep their lands for it. Look at any distribution of the population even today in any of those countries and you'll see that the great majority of wealth stayed through the centuries in the household of Spanish Last Names, and caucasian looking people. I wonder why, if the natives had so many rights
1:10 The Portuguese rejects the project because they recognized the Columbus calculations are probably incorrect. Which actually were, Columbus calculated with wrong length of the ancient length unit "stadium" and he suppose Asia is half distance than it actually was.
Plus they were focused on reaching India and well on their way, ahead of everyone else. They actually did it, contrary to many others, and for a few years ruled the Indian Ocean and controlled the Spice Trade becoming the World's Richest Nation for a small period of time (about 60 years). The Iberian Union, though, brought that edge down...
The Portuguese didn't reject Columbus because his calculations were incorrect. They rejected him because he wanted to explore and tell the world what he would find during his voyages, but Portugal already knew that there was a large land (America) between Europe and Asia and they didn't want other countries to know of it. Obviously they didn't know the size of it, but they did know that Columbus would find it and quickly spread word of it to all europe. The fact that Brazil was "officially" discovered by Portugal in the year 1500, means that the portuguese already knew of it's existence way before Columbus found America, and decided to make their claim to Brazil official.
Go back to your bacalhao
Portugal já conhecia as Américas antes de Colombo. A esposa de Colombo era portuguesa Felipa Moniz Perestrelo, filha de Bartolomeu Perestrelo. Bartolomeu aprendeu a navegar com o Infante D. Henrique de Portugal que foi o precursor da navegação portuguesa. O Pai e os Irmãos de Felipa já sabiam da existência de terras além do Atlântico, mas uma segunda rota não seria bom para os portugueses. Detalhe: Fernão de Magalhães, capitão que descobriu a segunda rota das índias e batizou o oceano pacífico também era português.
@@falmin2512 This is a very extraordinary claim and every extraordinary claim requires extraordinary evidence. Do you have some?
Admirable account! I like the way that unexplored areas remain black. As the pioneers found new coasts, they did not know what lay inland, of course. This presentation portrays that vividly.
Superbly presented - bravo! Greetings from Greece.
The old voice over is so easy on the ears and is a real joy to listen to, this new one is very generic sounding. Bring back the old one please Edit : he sounds like one of those robotic voices, plus I’m not tying to be mean to the voice guy I’m just being honest with how I feel about this change.
Yes , You are right.
Yes, he is right.
Yes u are right
How it show hard to understand what it he saying
Ya
When you wanted to find a route to Asia but instead became one of the greatest colonial powers ever
They knew back then that the Suez channel might get blocked. They had astrology. And Tarot.
@@worfoz mm yes Tarot showed them the way.
@@worfoz Cringe :))
@@worfoz Suez canal was built 3 centuries later...
@@gwynnbleid4936 epic name
This is awesome, wish there were pdf versions available for me to use in my 7th grade class. Any chance I could get one??
I can send you one if you contact me on geo_history@outlook.com
@@GeoHistory 😮
AMAZING WORK! Would you mind if I use screenshots of this video for educational purpuses? Credits would be for sure given :)
The new voiceover doesn't have the same vibe as the old one, but it's still good
Even microsoft sam's voice would fit better
Agreed
Yep
I’m gonna miss the old voiceovers... I loved them
I think what people are missing is a casual tone. This guy is a great narrator but I think it comes off as commercial and manufactured. It’s not that he’s a bad narrator, his performance just isn’t right for this type of content. Maybe with some recommendations he could be perfect for the channel
This was so amazing. I learned about all of these expeditions in Latin American Studies courses, but to see the real-time progress map was really interesting.
IT'S NOT DISEASE OR VIRUS KILLED INDIAN, EUROPEAN GENOSIDE THE INDIAN !
Please make more videos more frequently! I really love your videos
13:22 Sweden was like “Hi” “Bye”
Man I feel like I spent my whole life learning all the little pieces of that and you just put them all together
At 7:06 there's a mistake. Cortes allied with the adversaries of the Aztecs long before the siege of Tenochtitlan.
true
There a lot of mistakes in the video, Portugal had colonies in Labrador and Newfoundland long before the British or Columbus. We also had found Brasil before Columbus ever had any thought to sail west Also America as a name was not an agreed term, not even remotely it, it was disputed for over 200 years
@@alexmag342 Lo que me gusta de estos videos es que siempre aparece una nacionalidad nueva que descubrió América antes que Castilla
Its fricked up that after they razed tenochtitlan, a truky beautiful city worth preservation, they turned on the natives that were a part of the attack. Disgusting.
"Does your god requires human sacrifices?" Cortes: no Native: Jesus here we go. 😂😂😂😂
I love the animations on this, leaving unknown areas in black. Nice touch.
It's amazing how Spain discovered the Philippines first before discovering half of South America
They didn't discover something that's already existing. 🙄 The Philippines was part of the Old World. Even Marco Polo was aware of its existence in the 1200s - 1300s and called them Archipelagus 7448 insularũ.
@@markjosephbacho5652you must be fun at parties
@@mr.mewtwo322 I don't do parties anyway. Hold your L.
Magellan discovered the Philippines. he was Portuguese
@@bconni2 Y Filipinas acabó con él...
Cortez didn’t even leave Cuba with permission, his trip’s funding was cut, so he hurried to the harbor and just left before anyone knew what was going on. They couldn’t load food on board so they had to stop frequently, hence how they met La Malinche and Aguilar on the way
And without both of them they would never be able to gain allies and defeat the Aztecs.
@@Edexote yeah, its one of those butterfly effects, human history is just amazing xD
Oh the Spanish... 5:32 Vasco Núñez de Balboa discovers the Pacific Ocean... calling it "Mar Del Sur" all happened here in my country Panamá. The Spanish settlers that took the part of the Pacific Ocean are my ancestors... we even got a Family Tree detailed.
I keep coming back to this video!
This was very educational to see how it unfolded.
As an adult, many years out of school, these quick refreshers are invaluable!
What do you mean, they're great
@@TomLikesfn684 not unvaluable, invaluable! 😉
There was a portuguese colony in Canada called Terra do Lavrador, latter Labrador. Unfortunately it was not mentioned =\
It was terrenova that means new land in portuguese
Yes, and the expansion of Brazil resulting from the gold and silver rush in the late 17th century is not mentioned here. The Portuguese found more gold in Brazil in 30 years (1690 - 1720) than the Spanish found in the previous 200 years in America, and it allowed Brazil to become the most profitable colony in the Americas by 1720, and King John V to become the King with more gold in the world. It really should have been mentioned. It gave Portugal a considerable amount of power in South America.
E tambem a terra Nova dos bacalhaus
Probably its forgotten in some countrys
This video is made by an englishman, the bias its obvious. You can see him struggling to bend facts at some points.
Must have been an exciting time to be alive as a explorer, finding all this new untouched land
13:27 Some inaccuracies in your maps - FYI: Coastal Nicaragua never officially became an English territory, and Belize aka British Honduras, was not formally recognized as a British territorial possession until July 8th, 1893, when Mexico along with the UK established territorial limits. It is well known that during the times of Imperial Spain, despite constant English piracy presence in that area of what today is Belize, the Spanish Crown, through its Viceroy in the New Spain (Mexico), built the Fort of San Felipe de Bacalar, which deterred English pirates settlements. The Fort is a phenomenal architectural military prowess built in 1725, and still can be visited.
The coast that is now Belize became de facto British by the mid 18th C. Britain formally appointed governorship in 1786. It was formally declared a colony in 1862. Spain and Mexico disputed much of this, but not all. The Mariscal-Spencer Treaty in 1897 ended all territorial disputes between UK and Mexico over the area.
@@chriswatson79651786 is definitely not mid 18th C. Even "BRITANNICA" - An English biased source, clearly states: "British buccaneers (pirates) and logwood cutters (more pirates) settled on the inhospitable coast in the mid-17th century. Spain regarded the British as interlopers (pirates) in their territory. By treaties signed in 1763 and 1783, Spain granted British subjects (pirates) the privilege (a bone) of exploiting logwood and, after 1786, the more valuable mahogany (another bone), though only within specified and poorly surveyed territories. Indeed, SPAIN RETAINED SOVEREIGNTY over the area, which Britain called a settlement (piracy in action), as distinct from a formal colony". Then it goes on: "Belize became the British colony of British Honduras in 1862-which was ruled by a governor who was subordinate to the governor of Jamaica-and a crown colony in 1871, when the Legislative Assembly was abolished'. Long story short, by the time your "Royal Piracy of Britain" finally put her act together and formally established a shitty colonial government on the coast of what today is Belize, all Hispanic America had become independent from Imperial Spain (circa 1810), whatever happened next in the 1800s, is as phony as your previous comment on "de facto" British settlement in the mid 18th C. "Source" : www.britannica.com/place/Belize/Early-history
@@durandal1909 No 1786 is not mid 18thC. British settlers had been logging there since 1710, and largely left alone to their own devices by the Spanish. What you have posted is identical to what I posted.
@@chriswatson7965 No, it isn't identical. For that matter, Spanish Basque fishermen were already fishing in the St. Lawrence river before Jacques Cartier "discovered" it in 1534 in present-day Quebec, Canada; but I don't say it "became de facto Spanish by the mid 16th C.
@@durandal1909 So what's the difference? With regards your example of Basque fishermen. a) it's perfectly reasonable if you wish to describe the st lawrence river as de facto spanish, as it is reasonable not to. There is no one right answer. I have responded to you claiming that the video was wrong. It's not, it's one reasonable presentation out of many b) what you describe as de facto or not doesn't come into it. The video hasn't been set up for your world view c) de facto "ownership" of a piece of land usually requires i) actually being on the land, not in the water ii) using the land for a commercial purpose iii) having a set of rules that governs the use of that land. The st lawrence river example doesn't have any of those examples, the honduras example does. In honduras settlers used English law, not Spanish law. d) Spain didn't really even exist in 1534. It was essentially still a personal union of crowns. Spain is usually considered to have started to exist at the start of the union for the sake of convenience (there being no other suitable start point). 15th C Basque fishermen would not have considered themselves to be Spanish, or under Spanish law e) the St Lawrence river was considered to be Spanish by Spain after the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494.
Fun fact, we still have a majority of French speakers in Québec, but we also have French minorities in Acadia and the rest of New France’s territory!
Wow I didn’t know that part of little Venice and Venezuela, that part is amazing!
the most iconic and visited place left from that time is called colonia tovar, i used to visit it when i was a kid living in venezuela. it is like a small little german mountain town, ripe with strawberries and such.
So an honest question, when the boats are sailing and revealing Space, is that really how far you can see of the planet? I’m trying to reference this with the Chesapeake bay, it is pretty wide but much smaller on a map like this.
They can't see that far tbh
When Cortes was expulsed and drived away from Tenochtitlan, he and his 500 men were chased by the aztecs. Heading northeast, they allied with 1000 tlaxcalan warriors, but then they were catches up by the huge aztec army. Althoug it is not clear, it is estimated this army was around 10000 men. By using tercio defensive tactics, eficent and unknown by their enemies, the spanish and their tlaxcala allies resistes as they could, but they were too much outnunmered. Then, Cortes took the horses and with 50 men charged to the aztec general, the son (or nephew) of Moctezuma, who unwisely already was celebrating victory. This charge was so succesfull, that passed through aztec lines with easy (aztecs werent used to resist chavalry charges and their spears werent made to fight horses, obviously) and got to the general guards. Killing their leader and watching the tremendous charge, aztec army started reatriting caoticly. And that is how the first battle of the conquest of Mexica occured and was won by spaniards.
driven*
hmm the spanish claimed many things, you can't believe anything they wrote. they always downplayed the role of their alies, which were in fact their main forces... besides they never talked about the many times they lost. For example...it took the spanish 100 years to conquer the Incas and the Incas had already defeated a Portuguese expedition before the Spanish got in contact with them. And the Spanish were lucky because the Incas were in the last stages of a civil war when the Spanish arrived.
That doesn't seem like a story that a lot of historians would take at face value.
@@victorfergn It was actually the Black Legend, a defamation campaign carried by the English and Dutch, which downplayed the role of Spain's allies in order to make Spain look atrocious in the eyes of other countries and fortunes, so they could attract investments and pay for expeditions and wars. In Spain, we are taught in basic history about the relationships between the explorers and conquistadores with the natives. Therefore, we are well aware Spain conquered America taking advantage of American internal conflicts, convenient alliances, disease and climate disasters. Not doing it that way would have result in a disaster. This knowledge can be achieved by common sense and a basic understanding of history. Spanish history is far from being as edulcorated as the English, which is proven to be highly dramatized and full of fallacies by academics and scholars from all over the world, even prestigious English historians such as Hugh Thomas or J. H. Elliott. It's important to engage with diverse viewpoints and interpretations, including those from scholars of different nationalities, to gain a broader understanding of historical events and their implications.
The old voice over guy was what made these videos so unique and watchable. That flair is lost now with this new bloke. Please bring the old guy back?
The old guy left by his own wish so can't come back.
@@Nexandr :(
This new voice just makes it seem like a really cheesy American documentary. Please bring back the old voice if you can, it gave a much more informative and honest vibe!
I don't want to offend the person but, I do think the same. It is more articulate in the language pronunciation but yeah I'd choose the og one.
@@fathfez7991 Oh yeah, no i totally agree with you. I should have been more kind in my original comment but this kind of narration is just synonymous with these mega corportation owned channels that clickbait and overexaggerate everything. The old voice was more down to earth and definitely made me feel like I was watching something informative, entertaining, and honest. Not just commercialised rubbish like TheRichest for example.
@@pdalmao Yeah, no it's okay. I thought the same. It sounds weird and my brain immediately associates the guy's voice as 'entertainment only, no knowledge to learn here' and very similar those cheesy tips and facts channels indeed.
I can tell this crowd is chock full of intellectual powerhouses who make judgments based on how somebody's voice sounds or imply that Americans are shallow, somehow. Should I just draw the conclusion some folks here are pretentious, condescending jerks?
yeap i agree with ya
17:09 In 1741, the English attempted to take over the Spanish port of Cartagena de Indias in today's Colombia, which was vital seaport for the commerce during Imperial Spain. Over 25,000 English men commanded by Admiral Edward Vernon were defeated by 3,000 Spanish men (American and European) led by Don Blas de Lezo. Before the final outcome of the war was known, King George II of England had minted coins showing Blas de Lezo on his knees before Lord Vernon. When the King found out his troops had been defeated, he ordered to destroy the coins and forbade nobody talked about the matter again. By the way, Don Bernardo de Gálvez won back the whole of Lousiana and all of the Florida for Spain in 1783. He defeated the British troops and expelled them entirely from the gulf of Mexico. Simultaneously, he secured a supply route for George Washington's men through the Mississippi river. Frankly, the U.S. owe Imperial Spain their independence and more.
@SUTTYMCFC If you can't find this information is because you're lacking a sound research ability. Funny that you mention the armada because, guess what? The English made medals to commemorate the failure (Not Defeat) of the Spanish Armada which bore the phrase in Latin: "Flavit Jehovah et Dissipati Sunt". "Yahweh blew and they were scattered". I'm absolutely sure that had the English naval fleet actually defeated the Spanish Armada, a completely different phrase would've been minted on those medals. LOL
@SUTTYMCFC No excuse - With or without diarrhea (Caused by tropical yellow fever), the result was shitty for the English.
wow this is soo cool. what a masterpiece of work done by Geo History
I kinda like matt's voice too ...can both Rahul and matt do voiceovers in a single video...
Yes, I also want old one.. Love from Pakistan!
12:50 you can see the current french flag in Newfoundland
The use of 'fog of war' on the map was perfect. Thanks
Tiene un montón de lagunas, y está profundamente sesgado hacia el mundo anglosajón. No menciona la exploración del pacifico, llamado "el lago español". El mapa de España es también erróneo
Mitad del video es sobre España y Portugal como esta sesgado al mundo anglo?? Y este canal es de Bélgica
The man who bought Manhattan was Pierre Minuit (Pieter Minnewit), he was a calvinist of walloon origins, a lot of the first settlers in Manhattan were walloons. (The colony itself was of course Dutch.)
Again the American nonsense about the purchase of Manhatten. It was bought for 60 guilders in goods, not specified but things like axes and copper kettles were in demand by the natives. It's probably almost like a half year's wages for a skilled craftsman, which were very well paid in the Dutch Republic and shipping it over an ocean wasn't free either, so not such a bad deal for the natives. There's more BS in the video. Of course the Dutch protestants didn't flee Europe in fear of catholicism. The Dutch Republic of the Seven United Provinces had religous tolerance, and was led by protestants. It was at war with Spain because it had declared independence from Spain in 1581 because they wanted religious tolerance. So the Dutch Republic didn't take advantage of the Iberian Union, they got a bigger enemy to fight. They took to war to the oceans because Spain was using it's colonial profits and the Portugese to finance the 80-years war against the Dutch Republic. Poorly researched video
@@DenUitvreter The supposed religious tolerance was but a poor excuse and the main argument of the Flemish rebels for independence from the Habsburg empire. In fact, the Protestant Reformation was never born as a demonstration against the abuses of the Catholic Church for its illicit enrichment, but was born as a political argument to break with Rome, which was the one who gave divine legitimacy to the emperors and kings. That was the foundation of the Protestant break and the commission that Luther received to initiate that break by Flemish nobles and some German princes. Denying the legitimacy of the emperor, breaking with the Habsburg house, becoming independent from the empire and incidentally ... appropriating all the assets of the Church (the other main argument). The religious question? Of course, against everything the Dutch and British have said for centuries, Philip II was a religious guy, but he didn't give a shit about Dutch or English Protestantism. He had in fact proposed to the very Protestant Elizabeth I of England without seeming to care too much that the rite was also performed by a Protestant bishop. What did bother him was the Flemish rebellion that he considered a true betrayal against the legitimate monarch, and also the help that this one obtained from the English. The religious changes were due exclusively to a mixture of political and economic interests. Exactly the same as in England. The religious question as a theological fact, perhaps the illiterate citizen cared about something (I don't think so), but the political leader did not. That's for sure. Everything was political intricacies to get more shares of power, more property and more money. Centuries of propaganda have tarnished a good part of what many people today still consider to be history. Little by little we will clean it.
I LOVE that the unknown world is shaded black. It helps give us their perspective. Excellent video! 👌🏽
This is the best video I’ve ever watched on KZhead.
Esto es lo que estaba buscando,buenazo el vídeo y saludos desde Uruguay.
I just got to know this channel and it's already one of my favorites ... I love maps and learning about history and other subjects in the way that this channel teaches is spectacular ... Too bad I'm not fluent in English, because I'm sure that my experience would be much better (have advanced english, but in general I understand everything because of the context) Please continue with the videos 😁👍
I too
This is a really great visualization gives a lot of context into what must have been going through the minds of the people back then what they must have thought without knowing about what was actually out there
Muito bom vídeo. Quando era novo mas aulas de história sempre imaginava o que mais estaria acontecendo no mundo ao mesmo tempo. 20 anos depois esse vídeo me respondeu. Obrigado KZhead.
Excellent work. What about asia and pacific. An idea for a new video?
These names that he provides is a great way for viewers to make connections with the continent countries
You missed the Spanish establishment north of the rio grande (New Mexico) in 1598 by Ornate.
As well as the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 and subsequent Reconquista in '92, but this is such a huge topic that I think it can be forgiven.
A little context: The reason it was named after vespucci and not colombus, is because when vespucci took the route colombus took, he noticed the people and terrain doesnt look like india. Therefore, he assumed its a new continent, and it was named after him.
You got your first like after a year 💀
@@Krankenwagen571 haha i forgot about this comment completely
Excellent. Really lays things out plainly.
Dude this is so great. I’ve always loved history but seeing it in this format just makes everything so much better. Keep up the good work dude, this is really awesome stuff.
IT'S NOT DISEASE OR VIRUS KILLED INDIAN, EUROPEAN GENOSIDE THE INDIAN !
This visualization is great and logically contextualizes the changing world in such a different but likely correct way!! Awesome!!
Great video and well researched, sub!
Portugal: "we need cheaper spices!" ... then they discover and rule from Brasil to Macau. lol
I enjoyed this and its really well done. I already knew a large amount of this history but when it's put all together like this it's so much easier to understand how/when it was all going on around the same time.
IT'S NOT DISEASE OR VIRUS KILLED INDIAN, EUROPEAN GENOSIDE THE INDIAN !
Noo why did you change the voice over, you were perfect before
I prefer this one without any asian accents
@@warrenkensington6091 this voice is very dull
@@warrenkensington6091 Accent was what made it good
heres a opinion that will have disrespecful brats attack me: *why are you attacking this new voice. in my opinion there should be a small variation of voices. now please stop attacking him for his voice.*
@@somedudethatripsplanetinha4221 They are not attacking anyone if you interperet it like that that's your problem they are just saying they prefer the old one. And i would say you're a disrespectful brat who doesn't know that people are allowed to share there opinion on the internet. And of course your the one who started being disrespectful the rest where just sharing there opinion.
Live how this video’s ending of like a cliffhanger for the next one about the American Revolution.
3:10 You have to be very innocent not to imagine that the Portuguese already knew about America. And they decided to negotiate the Tordesillas Treaty in 1494.
Map: Long before 1492 (in 1100 and 1200), the Basque provinces were linked to Castile. Only Navarre was independent (1513), and had no access to the sea.
The kingdom of Navarra is not modern Euskadi, hance not having the borders shown in the video. Its not even the same region. Basque country always belong to Castille and they were the ones who took down Navarra, adding it to Castille. Its a common mistake in foreign videos using modern sources.
Back in these days the Ancestral Pueblo Indians were at wars with the Navajo, who were expanding south into their native land, and they had their Pueblos that are still around to hide in. These relatively massive structures for North America are very underrated, look them up.
Not what I heard. I heard natives were like modern woke LGBTs - all vegan, happy and toking weed, dancing and playing upbeat songs on the flute and bongos, didn't need no religion or the wheel. Completely in tune with nature. They made love on the beach with the first Euros, but prude Xtian Americans crashed the party with guns, virus and alcohol
new subscriber here... Awesome content, thank you!
Awesome and easy-to-get and well narrated information! Thanks for spreading the knowledge! Blessings!
Masterpiece of information that clarifies not only the context in time and area of the known world, but also the context to understand the way of thinking of the actual powers of the World and their explanations.
Also very instructive and very clear thank you very much !