Acoustic Energy & Surprising Ways To Harness It (Intro To Thermoacoustics)
Here I introduce a series of experiments culminating in how to make a thermoacoustic engine. Check out my sponsor Brilliant for a great way to keep your mind sharp and learn something new: www.brilliant.org/nighthawk
Below are some sources I found helpful in my research for this video:
BladeAtilla was very helpful in troubleshooting issues with the thermoacoustic engine design: / bladeattila
Wiki on thermoacoustics: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoa...
Wiki on acoustic resonance (great animations for understanding sound waves): en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acousti...
Modeling a driven thermoacoustic oscillator: sites.google.com/a/umn.edu/mx...
Various experiments with a standing wave engine: labs.wsu.edu/matveev/acoustics/
In depth study on a thermoacoustic refrigerator: www.researchgate.net/publicat...
A special thanks to my top Patrons: LVE, Enzo Breda Lee, Jon Hartmann, TheBackyardScientist & Eugene Pakhomov! If you enjoy these videos please consider supporting my efforts to continually improve them: / nighthawkprojects
Thanks for watching!
-Ben
If you're new to this channel here are a few similar videos I think you'll enjoy. History of a Lost Supermaterial & How To Make It (Starlite): kzhead.info/sun/Y62bh8Wlp5N7loU/bejne.html Re-Inventing The Carbon Lightbulb: kzhead.info/sun/h8x7m959nZyMn2g/bejne.html A Japanese Master Craftsman Taught Me To Make Senko Hanabi Fireworks: kzhead.info/sun/rNqohb19rGWlYJs/bejne.html If you'd like to support my efforts in making these videos directly you can do so through Patreon at: www.patreon.com/NightHawkProjects Thanks for watching, and thank you for your comments! I still read every one, and greatly appreciate your feedback. -Ben
Amazing!
You could have tried a small led that requires little power compared to christmas lighting rice bulb that you used.
You should have use starlite instead paper...
There you are with your variety of crack pipes... The glory!
This dude def wasn't vaccinated
Thermo Accoustics, the science of hot tunes.
and fire beats
Smoking crack never sounded so great
slick af
H
@@JOSH-st2me press alt f4 to cyberpunk
I highschool over 20 years ago, I found this out using a 6 ft cardboard tube and a bunsen burner. It was so loud the windows vibrated, and was heard through the entire school. Sounded like a fog horn. And thus ended our "free period" in advanced chemistry class
Budding musical career cut short. :)
xD
@@brodriguez11000 isnt that kinda how hitler was born but instead of music he wanted to do art?
How sad your curiosity at that young age, was not channelled to finding out your questions of ... Why is it so?
cardboard didn't burn? That's preposterous.
Super cool! They also use sound waves to cool the camera sensors in the James Webb telescope.
Fancy seeing you here without a "fancy seeing you here" comment under yours. Glad you enjoy this wizard too
Ha ha. There is no sound in space. Lol. Jk. I'm sure they have the right contraptions to make it work.
@@dankirkland1602there is sound in space, there isn't enough particles to make the sound waves travel fast enough for you to hear it... Ul hear it but probably will take longer to get to you or the sound will be so distorted and lowbase it wouldn't make sense when it reaches you. 😂 Like a creeping fart 😅😂
If your looking for a decent voltage from your magnet, you'll need to use much smaller wire, so you can have more turns. Also try not to let the thickness of your coil exceed the thickness of your magnet. Lastly, keep in mind that when one magnetic pole travels in two directions rapidly, the energy produced from any coil around it will be alternating current, which you would need to build a bridge rectifier for if you want DC current for running led lights. A small capacitor hitched to the positive end of the rectifier would also help, as it smooths out the pulsations in the wavelength.
would diodes work?
@@gogogeedus Yes, you could use four diodes to make a bridge rectifier, but the voltage drop across them would steal a lot of your power. LEDs will work on AC because they will conduct on the peak positive cycles.
You could also solder a pair of LEDs parallel, with opposite polarities.
Diodes will run with AC with 50% duty.
I don't think his copper coil was positioned right either.
Ah! Even without part two I can see how this can be used for cooling! Awesome video! To get power out of the coil you should try smaller wire, more turns, and an iron core. Or maybe go bigger with the design. 😉
what about an extra large version for your mars base?
Hey, love your channel keep going!
Could you see how this could be applied to *solar thermal power* Using IR from the sun as heat input and a closed system boiling/condensing water as outputs (output IR while condensing such as a radiator) for cooling the system On top of a turbine of course, wonder what kind of efficiency that could get Together you have a radiator, refrigerator, solar panel and a turbine from sunlight and sound Think in terms of frequency my friends
I was gonna say the same about the coil. I'd also say don't bother winding it yourself. The coil from a solenoid valve, microwave turntable motor or a shaded pole motor are readily available options.
Hiya Cody, nice to see you here. Apart from the coil with thinner wire and more turns he should stack few magnets together - not too many to prevent the rubber membrane from deflecting too much, and use an AC volt meter to show the coil voltage. After that he could start thinking about connecting a LED with 'full bridge rectifieeeeer' or two LEDs in oppose polarity way as it is AC rather than a light bulb.
Not gonna lie, when I saw "thermoaccoustics" I was hoping there was going to be a saxophone flamethrower
so, a J-79 engine?
That is on Kenny G's youtube channel
Or Karim from Fire Force
lol deadlly
LOL
I've never seen a video from you that would have been boring. Your style of narration, your own fascination on the topics, your way of showing the working principles in detail without giving me the feeling that I'm a dummie. You are in the list of my absolute favourite content creators, each one for their niche. Keep up the good work 👍👍👍
I generally hate "sponsor ads" in the middle of videos. This is an exception. I love the way you introduce them and I empathise with your reasons for liking them. Some people can suck up a formula and regurgitate it. They'll go far in their careers. Some folk Can't. BUT with the right teacher, they'll see the "THE WAY" is not necessarily the only way. Those people will go wherever they wish. I love your videos. You educate on my level and I'm a Chartered Engineer with a Master's Degree!
High praise! Thank you very much
Really nice demo! Looking forward to the refrigerator!
One ben watching another ben doing cool science xD xD btw love your videos Applied Science!
Traveling-wave tube based refrigeration is being developed by NASA
😂😂😂
@Truth Never Lies ...But you just said it yourself, NASA are contributing to developing the technology... so they are contributing something? All science starts with a a hypothesis and can only be developed from there.
Interestingly, I thought of you when listening to this guy. Two things. Not only that you both perfectly formulate your thoughts so that it's easy to follow, but you even have similar voice timbres IMO.
This man is a wizard.
Confirmed. Wizards always have pet birds.
He's seriously a genius
@@1ucasvb funny , good job
Seen many KZheadrs explain a lot of stuff. You're currently in my top 3 best teachers of science in KZhead. You make learning fun, easy to understand without jargon. Simply amazing work. The world is a better place with you on it for sure 💯😎👍
I woke up this morning and learned something totally new. Never heard of thermo acoustics in physics or engineering classes at uni (NZ) but there it is on KZhead. Thanks and I hope you realise that you are really good at this teaching stuff.
Your presentation skills are spot-on. "This is the phenomenon we're talking about. It works roughly like such and such." *demonstration of what you just talked about* "Building on that, we can use that phenomenon to do cool things." *demonstration of the cool thing* Thanks for teaching me something neat today!
Who cares about actually generating electricity, I have never seen such a good looking engine
Wow...you are a WONDERFUL teacher! Not only do you get the information across succinctly but you also make it simple enough for those of us who are not mechanically inclined. Thank you! 💗
The way you pace your explanations is perfect.
Interesting! I read somewhere they installed special clay vessels filled with mercury into a castle's air ducts to create occasional "ghost" sounds when the air was quickly cooling or heating...
Lol. Mercury
@@theflamingbanana7491 LOL ... ? It's a naturally occurring element. Where's the humor?
*Freddy mercury starts singing from the castles air ducts*
@@Scott_C uhhh, the fact that it's a toxic heavy metal?
@@antoniocialfi77 Go watch Cody's channel explaining Mercury.
When you turn the tube sideways, it looks and sounds like you're pouring a big glass of disappointment.
Not only does his crack pipe sing him a lullaby but it's a creepy theramin metal one
2:49
You have great ability in communicating these concepts and giving detailed and usable instructions.
Awesome. Love when something simple and obvious is overlooked, then brought back to awareness to generate inspiration. You’ve inspired me apply my audio recording knowledge to my mechanical, electrical and fabrication interest. Cheers!
One last thought: My memory is a bit hazy on the specific equations, but I can try to point you in the right direction. The frequency that the diaphragm is vibrating is very important to calculating the ideal impedance of the coil you're using to harvest the power. If I'm remembering correctly, for this application, you're going to want LOTS of turns of very fine magnet wire.
I'm not an expert; I've just been tinkering with electronics and electricity for much of my life. For a test like this I would, as Gadgetboy says, use magnet wire. I'd start with at least 100 turns, but I could see it taking much more than that. Instead of a bulb, use a multimeter so you can see the voltage you're getting as well as the current when running it through an LED bulb. Sounds like a fun experiment, and I'm looking forward to the thermoaccoustic refrigerator!
Impedance of the coil really needs to match the load. As the load is a neon bulb, fine wire is required. Were it an LED, this size is almost acceptable.
@@notamouse5630 That's why I suggested to try LEDs with his current coil. it won't work *well*, but there should be a result. An oscilloscope would also be illuminating.
Contract a coil winder!
Holding a bird so people will watch the sponsored part is more brilliant than the sponsor
worked on me!
sponsored part? whats that ive got SponsorBlock makes youtube far more bearable and doesnt waste my time selling me crap.
@@FractalPrism. then u missed out on the bird
Why did I not have a teacher such as yourself when I was at school… Amazing! Please keep up the great work
You are the only one that I have seen on KZhead that correctly explains and demonstrates the thermoacoustic engine. All others I have come across so far are stirling engines that are wrongly called as thermoacoustic engines. Keep up the good work👍
One time I was sitting in traffic turning left. The five cars in front of me had their blinkers on. I saw all five blinkers blink at the same time twice! I was so excited I had to tell someone and that's when I realized I was driving alone. It was the saddest best day I've had.
But you arent alone. I seen this too, and was too excited. Only to know i was..alone.
DUDE! This was the research I did for Texas State University. Our goal was to create a thermocouple using the resonance wave in a tube with open air. We were hoping the get the cold side of the thermo couple below the dew point and generate water. We were able to get a difference in temperature by 20 degrees F. Super exited to see more of your work on this topic!
fahrenheit is not a linear scale.. between which gradiant temperature exactly? or in °C?
@@MD-qh6ld its been a long time since I have worked with that stuff, but the hot side was up to around 80ish degrees and the cold side was at 60ish. That's all I meant.
@@MD-qh6ld Yes it is. A 20°F change in temperature is equivalent to 11.1°C or 11.1K change, and requires the same energy change at any starting temperature.
Dope! Was this research published - and if so, where?
@@dafenz5902 Unfortunately, we were unable to write a scholarly article about it. However, we did win the undergraduate research conference at Texas State University in 2017. I worked under Dr. Asiabanpour.
I appreciate your style so much. Thanks for being a good teacher and a passionate scientist. And for not having a dubstep intro. LOL
HOLY TAMOLE! Where has this channel been hiding from my view! Fantastic, clean, clear, transparent explanations of interesting subject matter. Great content. You've got your latest 1.98...01 millionth subscriber.
2:44 - I observed something interesting here. When the tube is vertical, the convection currents going over the heater carry heat away. However, when you put the tube on its side, the convection current was significantly reduced, and the heater glowed a little more brightly because there were less air flow to carry the heat away. In essence, you created a device where the energy conversion can be manipulated. Verically for sound, kinetic (moving air), a little light, and a lot of heat. Or horizontally for more heat and light, but less kinetic and no sound.
I'd like to hear an thermally-driven acoustic pipe organ, that would be interesting and work great with the right music, slow and haunting. .
look up pyrophones - lots been tried already!
This is amazing - it's a cool subject, well made and really accessible. Thanks so much for sharing your experiments with us!
This is the BEST explanation yet of how these work.
That part about beats is often how musicians tune fine-their instruments. When tuning a bass guitar (where I change the lowest string relatively often), I can mute the amp and physically FEEL (through the body of the guitar) the pulses to see if the bottom string is in tune (with a higher string playing the same note), so no need for a tuner, and no need to have everyone hear me re-tuning. When playing a brass instrument in a band, if I hear the pulsing/beats happening with someone else playing the same part, I can "lip" the note (sort of "bending" the pitch a little bit) to make it more in tune with the other player (and they'll usually do the same so we end up somewhere in the middle). Once you know about it and how to listen for it, it's a very useful phenomenon!
this could be expanded into a freaky piano
Nobody: Mattias Krantz: *I Put THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINES on a Piano and then Hired a Piano Tech to Fix it*
I was thinking something like a steampunk thermoelectric organ.
@@wep6433 well yeah!
@LOOK_MA_NO_COMPUTER interested?
erm. of course @LOOK MUM NO COMPUTER - how to do @-replies for usernames with blanks? @LOOK_MUM_NO_COMPUTER ? @LOOKMUMNOCOMPUTER ?
That commercial was brilliant! Not because of the subject but because I know you used the bird to hold my/our attention on purpose while actually continuing the AD. I wonder how many people actually fell for it for the extent of the AD.
I’m sure many people have told you this. You are a fantastic teacher!
I almost reflexively skip ahead when I hear a phrase that indicates transition to a sponsor spot. But... that bird.... I just.... couldn't.
That's why he does it. It's also one of those rare occurrences where I look forward to the sponsor message in a YT video. :D
8:08 for ur viewing pleasure!
Lol, I just muted it
Somebody playing with their bird, on camera, in front of everybody, really kinda grabs the 'ol attention, dunn't it?
Play with your pet when you promoting the product this way the people don't skip the add *Brilliant*
Not his first rodeo....
So true 🤣
1:51 Demonstration of sounding, and explanation of flow inside a tube. Excellent!
I can say for a fact, I loved your assistant during the ad segment! Would love to see more of him/her!
I feel like recording those tones from the quartz tube onto tape and splicing the tape into various rhythms and stuff would be something avant garde musicians of the 50s would have been obsessed with.
note to self: toaster organ.
Was thinking the same thing.
r/dontputyourdickinthat
*the phantom of the opera echoes throughout my house* ah shit i burned it
I watched part 2 before part one. This is exactly what I thought could be done within device. It’s a solid state Stirling engine generator!
I am new to this channel, and this is a treasure of the Internet !
I think this is the best stratergy i've ever seen to keep the attention of viewers when it comes to a sponsorship! I couldn't stop watching the bird! So cute!
Just hearing this dude's voice makes me feel better
I love what you are doing, absolutely love your channel. Thank you for exploring this so openly.
Really enjoy your precise use of language in addition to the brilliant content. Thank you!
The bulb was too high resistance, put two leds in parallel, but reverse biased, and try that. I can almost guarantee you'll get light.
pretty sure you wont. You need a ton of turns to get to even a volt with something like this at a low frequency.
@@Basement-Science Small LEDs can light visibly with less than a volt and with microamps of current. It should work.
@@soranuareane the voltage is the bigger problem here. This might be as low as 1mV per turn or even less. If you dont get enough voltage, there will be no light at all because you wont even get a microamp to flow through an LED. Also I'm not sure what kind of LED would light at less than a volt in the microamp range. I know green leds can light visibly at around 2.4V 5uA, and those are already some of the most efficient ones together with blue ones.
You would need four. That will function like a full bridge rectifier.
@@tribalismblindsthembutnoty124 Then you need even more voltage for that.
This is a really cool demonstration of something I had never even heard about before
Such a beautiful presentation. Thank you for sharing.
I just discovered this absolutely brilliant channel about popular science. Amazing! Looking forward to seeing more experiments! 👏👏
As always the production quality for your videos is stellar. Excellent work.
Not really related to the hooting tubes, but the overlapping frequencies was how tone-dialling on telephones worked, sending two frequencies at once, which produced different sounds, not to mention other tones used the same effect such as dial tones and ringing tones... :)
You used to be able to dial a phone by playing the (DTMF) tones into the phone from a computer and in the very old days, you could hijack the whole system with a whistle. lol.
very clear explanation, thanks to the perfect speaking and attitude of the talent. Lovely experiment!
I just happened across this video. It's so well done! Thank you for demonstrating these basic principles.
Holy cow, this is so cool. I never knew this existed. All my years. Amazing!
Now This is a great thing. Its late night, I have hot coco and i have new night hawk content. God is Good. Such high quality, so interesting, so nice. if theres one thing i wish never goes stops coming, its your content.
Outstanding video! Really nice explanation of the concepts involved with teally good demonstrations of there effect!
I saw that a pulse cryocooler is used on the Webb telescope. I found this video which, after watching a half dozen others, actually explained what was going on in understandable terms. Thanks for that. Finding out how gas-powered refrigerators work was a bonus
Reminds me of a pulsejet/barking dog experiment- the resonant kind, with the flammable gas in side of the tube, and the compression and heat needed to ignite it oscillating rapidly Edit: I guess all pulsejets are resonant in the same way as the valves aren't controlled actively
I was so distracted by that bird I paid no attention to the sponsorship. What a lovely bird.
its honestly a stroke of brilliance tbh because now brilliant lives rent free in your subconscious and you probably associate it with cute birds. lol
Fascinating! These principles can also be applied to radio antennas. The wire wool is the feedpoint and the rubber diaphragm is working in a similar way to a loading coil (inductor), which can be used to make the antenna operate on a lower frequency.
Excellent teaching skills. So much knowledge, about subjects/concepts that obviously excite you, clearly conveyed through explanation and demonstration. All while avoiding any condescension. Truly a marketable skill set you have sir. Thank you for your contributions.
Screw science classes in high school, just sub to this channel you'll learn more and have a more fun time doing it.
What brought me to this video was discovering that the James Webb Telescope will use a thermoacoustic refrigerator to cool the medium infrared sensor from 40 kelvin down to about 6, so thank you for explaining how it works.
Thanks. I really like your presentation. Very polished and comprehensive.
Thank you dearly for spreading this knowledge. I studied physics in college and the fact that I hadn't discovered thermoacoustics until a few years after I graduated is flabbergasting.
I’ve had the idea of an acoustic flying machine for many years. Acoustically actuated plasma controllers for anti-gravity drive also has been a sound theory. Lol. Thanks for such great videos.
I can imagine the Billboard for your concerto... "Standing Wave Only!" 👍😎
Awesome video, thank you for sharing and doing all of the research about it. One thing we can notice is that on the big tube when tilted horizontally without the air flow the heat on the resistance rises as it glows stronger. Cheers Ben and again thank you.
Excellent video...very detailed...you actually explained how it works. Thanks a million!
I think some are using thermoacoustics to make stirling engines more efficient.
Wow. Night Hawk I love your simple explanation for heat, sound and using the two to provide an engine. Where were you when I was a toddler? I am now 63. I was asking so many questions , my parents let me loose in their library. If ever there was a question... I had to ask it. You have re-sparked my interest in physics. Looking forward to watching your other videos
Where has this been all my life... Nice video
Excellent explanation and well paced delivery; you're a great professor!
Oooo, classic pyrophone technology. Though the pyrophone involves a variable strength flame below what is essentially an organ tube (though they are usually glass, for the visual effect.)
In order to make useful engines with higher efficiencies it is convenient to use lumped element resonators (Helmholtz resonators) instead of thermoacoustic resonance. It means, you need a gas mass and a gas spring separately, which can built up by use of a gas volume (as the spring) and a gas tube (as the gas mass inertia part). The effect is mainly to reduce the resonant frequency of the engine to operate a moving magnet linear generator. I have developed a double piston engine of this kind delivering around 1 kW of electric output power operating with electric heating with about 4 to 5 kW input power (I have used electric heating for simplicity and to measure the COP in an easy way). Maybe this is interesting for you.
Could you please show us some photos/videos?
I would be interested in your setup also.
Please demo on a KZhead video
The way you're demonstrating acoustic Technologies is going to explain a lot of ancient Technologies... this s*** is amazing... more please Scott
Good stuff, I never could exactly figure out why that 1/3 ratio was so important. I patented an expansion tube exhaust system for a internal combustion engine back in 1991, that worked with that 1/3 ratio. Unlike a megaphone these expansion tubes had a long convergent section that was highly sensitive to low frequency acoustic frequencies, of which were highly penetrating acoustic waves, that increased the vacuum at the intake manifold. I like to think of the 1/3 ratio as being a under square vortex... the greater the pressure, the greater the energy density from coil & uncoil. I can't wait to see your next video!
The use of the bird to make me stay through the Ad was „brilliant“.
4:49 for a second there I was convinced you were going to take a sip! This made me realise that I may have watched too many Tech Ingredients videos ;-)
Really cool!! Sound is one of the most fascinating things in this life!
Had to watch four other channels before I found your clear explanation, thanks
15:56 -- Wrap your coil around a rod of soft iron. Then move one end of the rod close to the magnet on the vibrating diaphragm. The moving magnetic will induce an oscillating magnetic field in the rod and that oscillating field will in turn induce an oscillating current in the coil. Using fine wire and many turns helps to increase the output voltage.
now could you build a setup of many tubes of varying lengths across the top of a ruben's tube, to emulate the original piece of music in the new "thermo-resonance" instrument ?
this is truly great channel that actually worth spending time watching and learning from . i love it and thanks for the content
Your sponsor couldn't find a better channel to support 🙂
I was wondering, could a big ass Rochelle salt crystal be used to make electricity from sound?
If the vibration is sufficient. You may have to add a horn to focus the sound wave
Thanks to this video and the comments I'll have to try this one!
Your videos are always awesome man. Thank you
This is an interesting video to encounter while designing my own woodwind instruments! "Rocket bagpipes" seems like a fun concept to explore...
The world needs a thermoaccoustic pipe organ.
all this time... his bird has secretly been the sponsor 🦜
That was absolutely fascinating...thanks man
I'll leave a more detailed message later. In quick time twas necessary to express my significant appreciation for your videos which have indeed changed the course of my life steeply upwards expiditing my comprehension and proficiency with applied physics
You can get beats in a crowd of screaming people.
your point?
@@bibicatb9362 He's just stating an interesting fact.
Does this have anything to do with the frequency of ignition in a pulse jet engine? ( my thought is that the heat and expansion push air out of the pipe. And then cooler air is drawn back in before the cycle repeats)
Oh oh, now yer talking about ufo stuff. Good ole USA tech.
Nice of you to throw in the stuff on beat cycles. Great educational videos!
You always have the best videos and explanations. Thank you for your hard work and videos.