Battle of Kulikovo 1380 - Rus-Mongol Wars DOCUMENTARY
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Our animated historical documentary on the history of the Mongols, continues with a video on the late Golden Horde, as Mami and Tokthamysh wrestle for power, while the Rus princes led by Dmitri Donskoi rise in a rebellion peaking in the epic battle of Kulikovo in 1380. Timur is coming...
History of the Mongols Podcast - www.kingsandgenerals.net/podcast/ apple.co/2QTuMNG bit.ly/2QDF7y0 spoti.fi/2UBmyuO
Sources:
- Арсеньев Б. В. Москва и Куликовская битва
- Christian, David. A History of Russia, Central Asia and Mongolia, vol II., Inner Eurasia from the Mongol Empire to Today, 1260-2000. Wiley-Blackwell, 2018.
- Halperin, Charles J.”The Battle of Kulikovo Field (1380) In History and Historical Memory.” ---- Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 14 no. 4 (2013): 853-864.
- Martin, Jane. Medieval Russia, 980-1584 2nd Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
- May, Timothy, The Mongol Conquests in World History. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2018.
- Parppei, Kati M.J., The Battle of Kulikovo Reought: ‘The First National Feat.’ Leiden: Brill, 2017.
Previous videos on Mongol invasions: • Mongol Invasions
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@Kings and Generals just wear a bird mask and you should be okay
ليش ما تترجم
عربي
ليش ماتترجم عربي
قناتك حلوه
To put into perspective the immensity of the Mongolian Empire. In Poland, there is a tomb of a knight with engravings of him fighting a Mongol horseman. A world away, in Japan, in a Samurai’s memorial, there is a painting of him fighting against a Mongol warrior. These are two civilizations who are thousand of miles away and who never knew the existence of each other. Between them, was the vast realm created by Genghis Khan.
@Nobody Jones They did some good things like establishing a postal system or doing censuses, though generally they were a negative influence.
Nobody Jones more rights for women as we can see in both the mongols and the scythians, religious freedom, and cultural tolerance, all of them rare for the time
My dude, in the dense jungles of Vietnam, there are temples built to a Vietnamese general who fought against........you guessed it, Mongol warriors.
@@Lipton3373 polygamy & war-concubines =/= rights for women
@Klaidi Rubiku Roman army was also meritocratic and well-honed E.g. the engineer-soldier-sapplier-porters with cohorts that could act independently without the approval of a ranking superior (unheard/impermissible due to internal control and politics around the rest of the world). It is not something novel imo. Edit: Also the idea of a pure meritocracy was not feasible not even in the Mongol realms they controlled. There's a reason for that. The more you delegate to 'outsiders' the less you wield in the long-term. Some exceptional people were allowed to hold important posts (but even then always stigmatised and only with benefactor that or coup de tat), but that is something we see everywhere around the world.
"Then came Temur" I can imagine how horrifying this phrase must've been for the poor souls of the world at that time!!
deeipomar considering my cousin (we’re from Tbilisi, Georgia) is named Temur even now, I can only imagine the impact. The funny part is, my cousin Temuri is a huge and fearsome teddy bear.
@@JoeyDediashvili Lol XD Well may you all be safe in these hard times, from the virus and any other harm!!
The Russians thought the apocalypse had arrived. There were three horses, and here comes the fourth horse Death.
deeipomar you too my brother ❤️
@@radziwill7193 Here in Egypt after the fall of Baghdad we too thought the end of time had arrived, I guess the world wasn't just ready for the Mongol carnage. That's why I respect all the leaders who managed to stand firm and rally their peoples to defeat the Mongols, regardless of their identity or religion!!
Wow, a battle where both sides have competent generals.
@Hernando Malinche there's actually a short (23 minutes long) Soviet animated movie about that battle, called "The Swans of Nepryadva". And yes, this IS a climax of the movie.
I agree, was a nice change. Felt like a chess game.
Yet one will lose. If they are very co,petent, it'll be a draw - both will know to withdraw on time.
İnsane battle, wauw!
@@dairokutenmaohodanobunaga4499 The movie had a great drawing and artistry but the underline themes and propaganda ruined it for me.
Dimitri had me worried for a moment. That was the most clutch gamer move I've ever seen.
Proving that patience is a virtue
He played a Ragnar.
Prince Dmitry did not actually lead this army, he was in the Western tradition of that time was on the front line of the battle disguised as a simple soldier and became an infantry order, under the princely banner at the head of the army was his distant relative dressed in his armor, he was eventually killed by the Mongols, since then there was a feudal system, each unit had its own Prince, this is different from all Western armies, where there was a single command, the Russian ambush regiment was also commanded by two nobleman, they were also not directly subordinate to Prince Dmitry, according to the formula vassal of my vassal is not my vassal, that is why all Western armies lost 90% of the time to the Mongols, because all fought separately in their own units, and the generals flew to the attack first, while the Mongol General remained behind the troops mostly on high ground, and led them with banners or messengers. so in the battle participated 100,000 people on each side, with the Russian side 50% died despite winning the battle, Dmitry himself was found unconscious after the battle, but alive., it was not found.
Demitri’s ambush unit got so many bodies on that awesome trap move.
@@michaelweston409 Ragnar is a overrated barbarian. Nikephoros Phokas was a great commander.
4:40 - 5:07 how you got through that without laughing is absolutely astonishing!
4:34 - 4:37 hmmm
😂😂😂
Mostly people says all of the mongol empire was done by Genghis Khan but the truth is that the mongol empire was nearly half of its actual size at the death of Genghis Khan
The real truth is Genghis Khan recruited talented people despite their ethnicity, religion and social status. A real winner is someone who realised their own shortcomings and find other people who can fill in the gaps.
Chinggis Khan did thee most important job. Building the empire. No surprise why he's the most remembered
Gengis khan was pure turkish arab muslims warrior !
@Klaidi Rubiku It was more Batu, Hulagu and Khublai who did the real expansion though. Jebe and Subutai only led reconassiance missions through Eastern Europe, they did not conquer it like Batu and Berke would. Similarly Hulagu was the one who established Mongol Rule from Iraq, Iran and Syria.
@Klaidi Rubiku They overran and defeated armies, but they did not conquer nor annex the territory. When Jebe and Subutai destroyed the Rus armies, they looted the Rus cities, celebrated, then went back home. The Rus were confused, to them these people were alien and it was unclear what they wanted. With that infomration they made the decision later to actually conquer it. It was a recon mission, not a military conquest.
18:51 bruh This is an example of how to use flanking
It seems internal disunity and infighting was what put Russians under Tatar yoke and ironically, same infighting was what made Tatars eventually lose their rule on Russian principalities.
@Orion Lord And if all of europe were united they would have dominated the whole word. Oh wait they achieved that for centuries without united... So what's your point ?
This is the problem in those days there was a so-called ladder right, that is, the father was not succeeded by the eldest son, but by his next brother. after middle brother power got a younger brother, and only after the death of his younger brother, the power passed to the eldest son of the deceased first ruler, in the End, instead of one solid state was more than 10 warring small kingdoms. who met the Mongol troops alone and of course lost. If Russia had met the Mongols under a single administration as a whole, and not fragmented, then it would have had more troops than the Mongols . But this did not happen because of the stupid system of ladder law , which gave rise to civil strife.
@@AlexCatable and yet they got their ass kicked in the next invasions and this was the biggest battle between Europe and Mongols and they got destroyed.
@@AlexCatable The next invasions they where defeated by Poland and Hungary but overall the biggest battle between Russia and Mongols was kulikovo doesn't matter if was 100 years later Germanic tribes destroyed the roman empire after 100s of years of fighting.
@@AlexCatable 1280s the moldavans also destroyed an invasion force around 1470.
Mongol dyplomat: The most dangerous job in the world. Golden Order Khans: Allow us to introduce ourselves.
You mean Golden Horde, Order is organization of Cursaders like Teutonic Order.
Agreed a Mongol Diplomats life expectancy wasn't worth much. It's a real surprise many still volunteered knowing they could very likely die. (It's supposed to be a Joke).
@@Random-me6br Both were military organizations, nothing wrong here :)
Нур Эд I meant to say "Orde" but auto correct
@@filiusreticulum2926 Auto-mistake function strikes again
Fun fact: in the Russian language, "Sarai" literally means "shed", "shack".
Hahaha, just an attempt from this folk to humiliate something from the Tatars and Mongols, because Sarai means castle or palace in turkic languages!!!
Fun fact:In Turkic languages Rus ''orus'' means prostitute.
@@YY-ug9mv To be honest, not orus, but oruspu is the right word for prostitute!!! There were people who had such a name, like Muhammad-Urus, or Orus, and he was a Khan. Just be calm and honest!!
@@HerrFreierMannEhhmm.. orospu derived from oros meaning russian also in hungarian orosz. Duh.Originaly Ruspi Word derived from persian.
@@YY-ug9mv 🤣🤣 And what is with Urus-Khan respectively Muhammad-Urus(-Orus), what can we understand reading your definition, that there was a man and his name was prostitute. What's wrong with you🤦♂️ Weather and whether, sounds the same, but those words have different meanings. In fact, you can take my piece of advice, or you can still remain ignorant!!! It's your choice!!!
italian crossbowmen allied with the mongols fight the russians south of Moscow. ok
Also some dutch folk got stingy with the silver and the mongols feel the economic strain.
Genovese mercenaries would fight literally anywhere they get paid to.
😁😁😁😁😁😁
If I'm not mistaken, Genoa had territory in the Crimean Peninsula. That would likely be where the mercenaries came from.
"Hey, I'm Italian, if Hitler seems a good option we fight for him, if America seems a good option, we fight with them"
Most monks: “we are peaceful pacifists” Russian monk: “hold my beer” *doom music plays*
Well no the saint that blessed saint Dmitry made sure battle was the last option, doom music plays when ya push em 😂
You forgot about "Battle Monks, and Priests"
It should be said that Alexander Peresvet is an extremely rare exception. Most Orthodox Christian monks barely interact with the outside world, and when they do it is mostly through charity or teaching. Peresvet is a Russian Orthodox hero and is of blessed memory, but I don't believe he was ever canonized. A more 'model' Russian monk would be somebody like St. Seraphim of Sarov. However, I would not describe the lives of Orthodox monks as "peaceful." Their seemingly tranquil existence is in reality a vicious struggle against demons and passions. Monks have their own war to fight.
Its one of the most important battles in history for us, Russians. Thanks for the video.
Why,it didn't achieve anything?Timur is the most important figure in russian history defeating golden horde.
It was valuable psychologically and politically. First time russians have united, first time they have won nomad since mongol came. You can divide Rus principalities as those who were there, and those who wasn`t. Basically russian state and nation was made and dominated by those, who came to the Kulikovo field. And those principalities which wasn`t there aren`t a part RF now. It was not effective in diplomatic sense, but it planted a seed of a nation. P.S. Timur was feared as hell there - he was coming and nobody had any means to stop him or at least to buy his mercy. The only thing that was done - religious procession with an icon of Mary. The day when he turned back and didn`t came into russian lands (that were officially loyal to the khanate at the moment) is one of the large orthodox holidays in Russia.
@@sodinc That' s interesting. What's the name of the holiday?
@@YY-ug9mv not really.
@@YY-ug9mv Defeated so much, that his empire was broken and khans continued to fight each other. Timur is not only not so important for Russian history, he's not very important for Mongol history.
Timur: stop playing kids
Everybody Mongol until Timur arrives
Timur: Amateurs, let me show you how it's REALLY done.
18:40 damn, that was beautiful...
World of Tanks..."the game rewards skillful gameplay"... As a tank falls off a cliff, flips over and starts firing again 😂
the host of the game, in 4 years will be the President of Russia
This COVID-19 self isolation is making me insane, but thankful for the videos.
We will get through it together
@@KingsandGenerals Thank you. Hope is all we can cling to. And thanks once again for the videos.
@abes Not releasing steam is worse
@abes your kind is a rarity these days....would have loved to see your series "porn is mind poison"
Actually, modern russian historians consider no more than 10'000 (upper limit) on the Russian side and probably a bit more on the Tatar side (no valid data to calculate properly). It was an outstanding achievement for Russian principalities at this time period to assemble such a bunch of men on the field.
Especially shortly after the plague, which cut down army sizes everywhere for a long time.
The people never fought, but the rulers and their servants fought. And the people paid taxes to anyone who won. Therefore, the really real army was 10,000 warriors. And these figures of 200,000 soldiers are propaganda. To show that the people united and fought with the enemy! But in fact, the peasants didn't care who paid taxes to!! They always paid the Mongols and did not understand why they should not pay now?
@@dievotarnas1039 it was 100k worse mongol defeat in europe.
@@dievotarnas1039 1- Mongol armies didnt have no peasants they were all highly trained 2- they did care who they paid taxes too its def not the same to pay taxes to mongol hordes than to Dimitri
А политика ваших правителей до сих пор такая, не допустить объединения славян. Потому что объеденившись славяне всегда вам козью морду устраивали. Вы до сих пор от этого с кроватей падаете😂
This was really satisfying to watch. 18:50 - 19:02
What an interesting battle. Both commanders were skilled in the art of war. Both made good choices. And the better one won. I really enjoyed this video.
Yup
May God have mercy on saint Alexander Peresvet, a true orthodox warrior. 14:54
Weather forecast: it's raining daggers over Sarai.
very nice! hope to hear more about Tokhtamysh and looking forward to Timur's hopefully several episodes :)
Timur is coming :-)
@Aleksa Petrovic haha, jesam :D
I could stop laughing at the Khan who was killed by another Khan who was killed by another Khan who was killed by another Khan who was killed by another Khan who died under suspicious circumstances...I'm a terrible person.
andrew ever heard of dovahatty?
@@goldenfiberwheat238 I can't say that I have. is he a roman?
andrew no he’s a youtuber. He recently did a video on the third century crisis and turns out the Gallic empire had something like that happen to it
CK2:)
every week in the palace of golden horde: stabbed KHAANN, stabbed KHAANN, stabbed KHAANN
These names (Tinibek, Janibek, Berdibek, Nawruz, Toktomush) are still popular among Kyrgyz people. My surname is Berdibek
Mongols*
@@Erik_Kartmenz it is not common among mongols.
@@Erik_Kartmenz so if that's common among Mongols it's possible to you to translate these names?
The battle of Kulikovo field will be one of the most important battles in Russian history.
Rus: Did we beat the Mongols? Toqtamish: Well, yes, but actually no.
The Russians went as a hundred villages, and returned as one Nation!
Mamai and Dmitry fight each other Toqtamish : Hi guys where is my horde?
Wow wow wee
rest of us: familial love is the most important mongol : hold our khan title
Then came temur.... It's sounds like then came the apocalypse....
The dude just liked pyramids of potsherds.
The Golden Horde gave start not only to Tatars but also to Uzbek, Kazakh, Nogai, Crimean Tatar, Karakalpak and many more as all these nations were descendants of the Golden Horde remnants who moved to other regions.
I was a bit confused by the animations at 3:13 but I read about what happened. Yuri was granted the title Grand Prince by Ozbeg Khan and married the Khan's sister Konchaka. Mikhail led his army against Yuri and defeated him, taking his brother and wife as prisoners. However Konchaka died in custody and Yuri accused Mikhail of poisoning her (which historians consider unlikely). The Khan summoned both Princes to Sarai and had Mikhail executed for his sister's murder-
I just had back surgery and I have been following your channel forever. Keep up the great work! I’m a history nerd and these videos help me forget about the pain for awhile 👍🏾👍🏾👍🏾
You guys work so hard to bring high quality with the resources available. Great video and thank you.
This is great. I've been waiting for a battle of kulikovo video for too long . Thank you for this amazing video
“Then came temur” words no empire wants to hear
Unless you’re the Ming dynasty that is
@@EstellammaSS ming are lucky
Graff_Zitel no empire could kill him. Only natural causes.
The Ming at the time was very formidable and on home soil was no pushover.
Hülegü Khan I just meant that he died before he could attack the Ming. He would’ve done some damage to them, but wouldn’t have conquered them. Much like what he did to the ottomans and Delhi
7:39 thank you for adding that soundeffect... that's goddamn gold...
Ottoman : we are the most lovable family Khan's : amateurs
Romans : *Laugh in romans*
@@MASTERMIND-mr6er That´s right man, Timur is amateur for Roman Superpower hahahaha
British: Bitch please
@@rabe777 Brazilian: hey new king come from Spain and they kill each other in Brazil
@@hernanmuller3907 what taimur did to his family members??
That's amazing how effective a flanking maneuver can be.
"Then came Temur" my Medieval 2 PTSD kicked in haha
As a decendant of the Normans and a guy who plays the Normans in game. Bring it on Temur.
Strong contender for youtube's best channel in my eyes. Thanks for all these fun history lessons
That was a masterpiece. I 'm so impatient for the next episode!!
"Russians went to Kulikovo field as citizens of various principalities and returned as a united Russian nation" - Lev Gumilev, soviet historian. Edit: I know reality and history was more complex than that, but every nation and people have their own founding myth.
He is a writer, not a historian.
@@radziwill7193 he is a historian with a talent of writer. That's why other historians who lack this talent hate him and say he is not one of them. Pure jealosy
@@arielmix6877 Historical books are always less popular fantasy ones.
@@radziwill7193 yes but his is not a fantasy
@Klaidi Rubiku "The russians paid tribute to mongols and remained under their subjugation for other centuries." Yes, that is true. However, this battle is concidered as a turnpoint, from which the process of unification of fragmented russian lands had started. People for the first time felt like if they unite and fight together they are able to resist and even defeat mongols. Of course, ther was a still long way to go to get rid of mongol occupation, but it was important from phychological perspective.
I just watched this whole series while playing as the golden horde in crusader kings, it was pretty great
Love u guys! Thank you for the video! Amazing work!
Your channel is one of my sources of sanity during this quarantine. Thank you for all you do! :)
Would love to see a series on Timur's military campaigns. The guy was possibly the greatest general of the medieval era, even greater than Genghis and Subutai. He defeated several great empires, such as the Golden Horde, the Sultanate of Delhi and the Ottoman Empire.
He was a great Military Commander but a poor Administrator. He was the closest thing in our history to a Mount and Blade Warband character
These episodes keep getting better. Keep up the great work!
Thank you, good sir!
Odakle si
YYYYEEEESSSS!!!! I’ve been waiting for this video ever since I discovered this Chanel!!!!!
My my, it's amazing how we know these things. Great stuff. Thanks! :D
I watch most of these, but this one was really good strategically engaging.
It seems to me that the Russian did not simple break their line in two, and then got lucky catching the mongols off guard. Instead it looks like they used a Oblique order formation to draw the mongol into a trap and crush the right wing, like the thebes did the Spartans.
As always, a great account and insight into the battles presented on your channel.
Your work deserves greetings and respect. Thank you.
Interesting to see how the Golden horde fragmented while the Moscow rose. I hope to see more on the rise and fall of Toktamysh Khan, as well as the career of Jogalia and the house of Gediminas
This feels like the most complicated battle have ever heard off.
Your videos are amazing, keep putting out this historical content!!!! I listen to these like podcasts 😌 while playing civ 6
Wow. This was so well made, kudos
Mamai: crushing the flank and the rear guard. Dmitri: you've just activated my trap card!
I would love to see many more videos of medieval Eastern Europe and Mongol interaction with their many subjects. I’m not very familiar with this realm of history, and it was really cool to watch this video and learn more about it! (It also helps explain some EU4 stuff if you namsayin)
Simply,awesome like always!!💪💪💪
Amazing video KnG as always!
A very interesting and well documented episode. I really enjoyed it and I congratulate you for the achievement. On the other hand, I have found an important historical escape. In the map presented at 1:46 the Oltenia area (from present-day Romania) is depicted - during the time of Ozbegh Khan (reign 1313 - 1341) - as part of the kingdom of Hungary, when in fact it was part of the Wallachian state. Let us remember that Wallachia was founded and reached the maximum territorial extent under the rule of Basarab the Founder (reign 1310 - 1352). Hungary tried to conquer Wallachia in 1330 but the Hungarian army was crushed by Basarab the Founder at the battle of Posada. The cartographic error is perpetuated throughout the documentary. Couldn't that be repaired? All the best.
18:40 that must have been a sight to see!!! please make a custom medieval 2 battle map with this sequence of events, it sounds epic!!
Content of all your videos is always fascinating and fantastic. You and others like you are ushering in the new wave of how education will be provided in the future. Schooling will move from the classroom to "Distance Learning" in the home via the internet and/or TV. I see this as how education will gradually evolve.
Funfact in Kazakh Sarai means palace and In Russian Sarai means a Barn
“And then came Taimur” Ah! Those were the days man, days of free love and peace.
Timur*
Love your video, especially your music selection! 😍
Thank you for posting videos in this "time of troubles" where we all need some extra entertainment.
I can't imagine having the patience it took to hold that ambush regiment until that very moment.
18:50 When you are about to win a battle in a Total War game and one simple flanking maneuver of the enemy suddenly routes your entire army.
It seems that in those days Total War also liked)))
Imma history JUNKIE... love your videos family, keep em coming!!!!
Amazing video about an amazing epic battle. Congratuations!.
When every Pretender Rebel gives a monarch with absolutely 0 legitimacy...
Ivan III "The Great" that was when it began to really turn around for the Grand duchy of Muscovy, as far as I know!
Yes you are right. Dmitry was Ivan’s grandfather, and it was Dmitry who built the political base from which Ivan was able to build his state.
proper segue for the sponsorship. clean and smooth
I’ve gotta say guys, your music has been amazing the last few videos!
Great content as usual K&G. Also, the moment at 4:40 made me laugh, ;)) that compilation of assassinations and power grabs. *Grabs power* **dies** *Grabs power* **dies** *Grabs power* **dies**
The number of warriors was most likely max 30-40k from both sides. The field where the Battle of Grunwald (1410) happened was 4 sq km and it could accomodate about 60k warriors. The field where the battle of Kulikovo happened was 2 sq km.
Thank you for the video! It was very interesting!
thank you for the content
Toktamysh is the #1 guy to blame for the decline of the golden horde... despite timurs numerous supports he backstabbed and attacked him all the time until he got crushed by timur many turkish people still blame timur for the decline but if it wasnt for him it wouldnt even reach that far...moral of the story toktamysh is def. on the top of the most ungrateful people in history
Mongols : 'If your name ends with 'in' its time to get out.'
They had the balls to let Dmitri be a vassal playa
Putin: 'lmao here I am, looting my own country and lying to the whole world for 20 years'
As usually great material!
Amazing to know these details 😍
What an incredible battle.
Would it be easier, when depicting battles with a force consisting on various nationalities (Genoese, Venetian, etc) to maybe have a little circle badge of their then-flag in the corner of the unit box?
Definitely the earliest I've been for one of these
Yes another video from kings and generals!!
That line of death khans looked like some monthy python sketch lol
Saint dmitry donskoy pray for us ☦
Damn strong Commanders.. but stronger channel. Keep going
Great , more of these please
4:50 This is just a side not, but the Aral Sea looked very different in the middle ages. It only shrunk to the shape shown on the map in the 1980s.
We don't always spontaneously think of Mongols as Turkish, but yeah. Very cool, K&G, thanks! 👍
There is a distinction, of course, but in some regions, this distinction is extremely marginal.
@@KingsandGenerals Makes me think of the Tuvans who relate culturally to Mongolians but historically and linguistically are clearly associated with the Turkish.
@@22vx yeah, that is the case in southern Russia, Siberia, and Central Asia, too. Many Turkic speaking populations of the mixed Turko-Mongolian ancestry.
Its also Tatar-Rus wars instead of Mongol.
All turkish is turkic but not all of turkic are turkish
excellent episode!
Man these videos are great
The monk's name was Peresvet, not Alexander. and the Mongolian champion's name was Chelubey.
Alexander Peresvet - to be correct. First and last name in modern