I had no idea what I was in for going into Gleam, but I'm so happy I did. Wow.
GIVE THEM A STAR github.com/gleam-lang/gleam
Hope my nerdiness around Elixir, Erlang, BEAM etc helps contextualize things a bit here. Typesafe, ruby-like, FP focused BEAM compatible code is literally a dream come true.
gleam.run/
00:00 - Intro To Gleam
01:10 - Gleam 1.0
16:24 - Playing With Gleam
Check out my Twitch, Twitter, Discord more at t3.gg
S/O Ph4se0n3 for the awesome edit 🙏
Elixir for gen z lets goooooooooooooooooo
Erlang for boomers, Elixir for millennials, and Gleam for Gen Z? Iunno aboot that. I've never seen those three groups be this friendly to each other. :P
Rust for Beam lol
@@user72974You missed Gen X
@@BinaryReaderthat's the middle child no one cares abt
@@BinaryReader who?
So stoked about Gleam: - Simple like go (small surface area) - Can leverage Elixir and Erlang tools - Scalable and fault tolerant (BEAM) - Type-safe and functional - Familiar to rust users (option/result and pattern matching) - `use` as a solution to callback hell (instead of async/await function coloring)
Why is it scalable and fault tolerant ?
@@GreatTaiwanLook into Erlang/BEAM
@@GreatTaiwanBEAM is built for that, gleam doesnt do much extra for scalability
The one hesitation I have is a 53 stars postgres beam package. Is there a more proven package?
@@GreatTaiwan I runs the Taiwan local elixir meetup, if you are curious, come and join us and find out. :)
functional programming, algebraic data types, and web frameworks using the elm architecture... this will be fun to try
I used elm once in a production app. Absolutely loved it. Someone came in 3 years later and replaced it because they could not be bothered to learn it.
Iced is a GUI Rust library that uses the elm architecture
I can already see job posts: 11 years of experience in this language for junior roles
Lmao
That wouldn’t be too crazy as I assume Erlang experience translates.
Tech leads speed running the making of insane interview questions for Gleam
I literally said "I think this is my dream language" when I first saw gleam! I'm glad it's resonating with other people too!
Functional language with simple C-style syntax, running on BEAM, statically typed, and cool mascot. Literally cant ask more than that!
I have tried to stop me for quite a while but today is the day i can't anymore.. Please stop making these faces on your thumbnails, they never match how you actually respond to the video.
louis, the gleam creator, is also extremely awesome and runs a great discord server
awesome human
Two counters reset in 24h, jeez
lmfao
Mind saying what the counters are counting, for someone who isn't in on the joke?
@@nmotschidontwannagivemyrea8932 “X days since a new JS framework” and “X days since a new programming language”
@@t3dotgg Lol ty
What's the new JS framework? Tanstack Start? It was a few days ago. There's a new one?
No function overloading is most likely a compromise for good type inference
yeah it's this, and as an elixir guy idk if i can manage. i *love* overloading arguments like that, i fucking *love* my left justification, i *hate* nesting
Yeah, compromise between having a simple language and full HM inference. Type classes are a big jump in complexity
Yup that’s it
Good type inference _and_ function captures. Function overloading makes alot of more valuable features much harder to implement
@@lpil down the road - allow the user to decide - method overloading is super convenient - if they want inference in their callbacks etc, then they won't overload. I do realize that overloading usually a burden to implement, so save it for later, but it's convenient for users
Lol, i literally started trying gleam today and im loving it, now theo uploads a video about it. Life is good
Same! It's awesome 😍
The language looks very promising! It really shows that there was a lot of thought put into the structure and has learned from what worked best and did not work from the other programming languages such as Elixir, JavaScript, Go, Python, etc.
I've been writing a lot of go lately but this feels like what i was actually looking for
Really fascinating language, I'm all for ML like languages that place a decent emphasis on static type-safe systems. I wish more languages / tools existed like this for building highly dynamic client-side applications!
Amazing, takes all the features I love of Rust and simplifies it by trading off the fine grained memory layout / control which is fine for many software use cases. Literally been thinking of creating a language like this, I will definitively try and contribute to this! Nice video!
Ahh thank you Theo!!!
Woohoo! I'm an Erlang programmer and I love seeing new BEAM languages. Been following Gleam since the first announcements and I'm excited for 1.0.0
I haven't read a lot of docs, but this is, by far, the most cleverly designed one I've read so far.
That was a nice video, very well meaning and positive. Love it!
I saw your video on the vue having vapor, subscribed to your channel now
Super pumped to get back into Gleam now it’s hit 1.0. Been following it for years. It’s been a long road, and Louis and the team has iterated and tried out a lot of things, threw out a bunch of stuff that didn’t fit quite right, and ended up in a really nice sweet spot. Elixir is Erlang but better. Gleam could well be Elixir but better.
I'm just finding out what it is, i never knew they've been working on it
It does not seem to be better than Elixir. Its just different.
Discord was also built on the Erlang VM, and last time I checked, they were handling a billion (literally) daily messages.
that literately looks like the solidjs tutorial
I too didn't like implicit returns when I first saw then in Ruby many moons ago. Wasn't until Rust that their value really clicked for me, and all the elegant expression block syntax they enable.
lol the whole lsp was released as a binary, Theo. It’s been a neovim package since before v1.
this is such a great project
Gleam looks pretty awesome! It's honestly really funny to see you go through the playground and be super excited about all these language features like type inference, blocks, and pattern matching. I'm already used to all these features from Rust! Gleam seems very similar to Rust overall but the garbage collection and easy JS transpile are finessed as fuck.
I think "rust but trade a bit of performance for some ease of use" is something a lot of people want. Arguably it's why Go is so popular but go is lacking some niceties from Rust. Rust's type system and error handling are amazing but I don't want to think about lifetimes, and its async situation is tricky. Worth it if you need the Perf, but most of the time I don't
@@SeanLazerI agree that it's desirable to have all these great things in a GC language! I do write in Rust and I usually never have to think about lifetimes. 😄 That mostly comes up if you're writing libraries for others to use, especially if your library is full of generics or is highly concurrent. Me, I'm just writing application code. I use Rust because its type system makes modeling logical problems so much easier. Sometimes I'm working on a problem that has to iterate over hundreds of thousands of files and pull data out of them, or reformat them, etc. and I can use as much .clone() etc as I want!
@@SeanLazer tricky is an understatement. it's a mess. I use rest but I think people tend to pretend it's performance is worth all it's complexity. you have to remember that to even get that performance really* you have to write some complex rust. rust compile time is also quite horrendous. I initially like rust but honestly it's development time is quite stagnating
I’ve gotten curious at some point and wrote a typesafe pipeline library for TS. Turns out, it doesn’t solve much, as unlike Elixir, the whole stdlib isn’t designed in a way that puts first argument first, meaning, even if you go crazy with syntax sugar, it still doesnmt feel right and looks messy. Add async/await to it and its impossible to debug and stack traces are useless 😢
Effect-ts
listening :) - unicode support allows 🔥in code in js, ruby etc - method chaining of map reduce and filter in js is almost pipes :)
Character is too cute to ignore
I'm happy too. My favourite language before I learnt about Erlang/Elixir was Prolog 😂
Gotta agree, this looks really neat and has me looking over the fence...
Fly is a really really awesome project, it needs more love tbh
i believe mojo also has emoji support!
Who cares about type safety? The logo is nice, I'M IN
The thing I am most curious about is what would happen to Gleam once Elixir's static types system is ready for production. The biggest thing about Gleam is its static typing. Other than that, the language is either very similar to Elixir, or worse in some cases (no function overloading). I guess being able to run on Javascript runtimes might be a benefit, but at that point aren't you better off just using typescript instead?
In systems where you have elixir/gleam on the backend being able to compile to TS/JS is useful as you dont have to go through hoops to call your function in a different lang
@@dandogamer My question is, why would you ever want to compile to JS in the first place? If it is server side, you might as well keep it in the BEAM world. If it is frontend based, Elixir (Phoenix actually) already allows you to just write JS/TS directly.
@@VoidstroyerThe same reason everything is JS nowadays: you don't have to learn a different language, you can reuse type definitions, validation between back/frontend
Also, another thing they have is syntax (i'm not sure about semantics), i'd say it's familiar to Rust/Zig/Go/JS devs, and maybe even C/C++/Java, whereas elixir is similar to Ruby, and erlang is similar to itself. To existing erlang/elixir devs that probably means nothing, but in a world where people don't even want to leave JS for another C-like lang, familiarity is a good way to attract people to the ecosystem. For one, I'll be trying gleam in some toy projects or AoC. I've tried elixir, but the ruby syntax which i'm not familiar with is a deterrent. And erlang is erlang.
@@araozu I understand the argument of "keeping it in the same language" but that is also one of the biggest problems with web dev nowadays. People using JS for everything. Just because you can, doesn't mean you should. To be honest, if you are already really adept at writing JS, learning a different backend language such as Go (or any OOP language) is so trivial. At this point it is just stuborness of JS devs to not want to use a different language for the backend. I didn't list elixir because I did have some issues getting used to Functional programming. But given some time it is really not an issue. I like Elixir & Phoenix because it allows you to use most of Elixir for your webapp, and if you need heavy client side stuff you can just write JS directly. It enables you to use "the right tool for the job". And since I don't see JS devs leaving it all behind for Gleam, I also don't see Gleam getting that much adoption. But hey, I could be completely wrong. But I do believe that once Elixir gets its static type system ready, it is definitely going to negatively impact Gleam.
The thing about pipes. It's very awkward to type "|>" on a non ANSI-keyboard layout. Programming languages are definitely made for American and British layouts, but the rest of the world already have to wrangle semicolon, and curly brackets being hidden behind modifier keys.
I feel that way about certain characters too, and I've got a US keyboard. Here we call () parentheses or parens, {} braces and [] brackets. I prefer brackets for most things because I don't have to hit shift to type them, but I still use braces often in writing code because it just makes sense. However, I did toy with the idea of an all bracket version of LISP. It looked weird, but I think people could get used to it.
Also is really repetitive str |> String.reverse |> String.split Way better just str.reverse.split 🤷🏻♂️
I bought a keyboard with ansi layout 3 years ago and put the lost keys (ä,ü,ö,ß) on another layer that I trigger with caps (press -> esc, hold -> layer). Works beautifully. I use keyd on linux and on windows you can use their ancient keyboard layout creator to use altGr key instead of capslock. If I were to use Gleam I would just put |> on that layer and it would become perfectly ergonomic. Still need to look into ZMK/QMK to see if it's possible to have everything on the keyboard itself. I think it pays to invest a bit of time or money into ones tools.
finally got it to work on my intel mac with this version 1. I love the syntax and especially the typing.
Haskell also supports unicode in variable names, but I think the parser might treat emoji as operators unless you parenthesize them.
Theo face when he saw the pipes, I feel ya brother.
I think it is reasonable to prefer the implicit returns for the block expressions. So I could understand if explicit return wasn't considered in favor of implicit, so there is only one way to return values.🤔
Just got to the strings part of the tutorial, and I'm not too stoked at how an actual newline in the code translates to a " " in the string. Sometimes I add whitespace and newlines to make the code cleaner, but I always expect newlines in the string to be explicit with or or something similar.
I am not sure about this one. What is its strength? Seems like there are better languages around for various use cases, that do it better in those situations (eg Rust) The sales pitch sounds nice but overall it still is somewhat in an uncanny valley. Doesn’t even have OTP (and iirc won’t ever fully get there?) I would rather use Elixir and NIFs.
Doesn't Mojo also allow emojis in variables? Or is it just the file extention that is the fire emoji?
This is a cool project but honestly I don't think it's at the point where I would want to abandon elixir for it. It might be useful to work with both languages, but I've been doing a lot of rust plus elixir work recently (they pair so well together), and I just don't see where gleam fits into all of that. It's definitely a cool language and it will bring more people into the ecosystem which is nice, I plan to dive into it to see what the 1.0 releases really like. Probably the most contentious issue I have with the language is the fact that OTP is not included automatically, and I have to wonder if that has something to do with the multiple back ends that they provide. That and I also wish that it had modular level pattern matching/function overloading like erlang or elixir. I knew that they wouldn't have it because they weren't including the argument amount for each function, which is kind of important if you going to do function overloading in that way. It's easily run my favorite features of elixir / erlang. Edit: I spent some time writing a distributed cache system in gleam. It's the kind of project that is somewhat trivial in elixir if you leverage otp. I found that gleam had a lot of really rough edges especially when it came to interop. The ETS library is deprecated, it's from 0.23 or something of the language and so I had to write my own wrappers. It was relatively easy to do this but I noticed that it was very easy to ignore the static type system by using generics and dynamic types (makes sense given that elixir / erlang are dynamic). One of the reasons why I really like using rust with elixir is because of rust's result and option monads, they make it easy to do error handling on the elixir side by simply passing atoms back to the system which minimizes the downside of using NIFs. On the other hand, when you are wrapping elixir with gleam, because gleam is the language that has results, you kind of have to work around the potential to get a nil or error atom. It definitely works but it's not as intuitive. I also really don't like the actor abstraction, it's just not as intuitive as genserver. I basically ended up writing my own wrapper around genserver. It's definitely rough to try to implement Genserver without function overloading but I was able to make my own pattern within the genserver behavior by passing calls, cast, and infos off to an elixir function. I was able to build a basic supervision tree and implement most of the stuff that I wanted to create, but it did take me a lot more time than it would have taken in elixir because I had to write all of these wrappers. That being said, if the community starts to build more libraries, I don't think this should be as much of a problem in the future. It just kind of sucks that a lot of the OTP functionality hasn't been exposed yet and so you kind of have to go and get it yourself if you want it. It also really doesn't play well with static typing, which is probably why they are trying to build a set-based type system in elixir.
go still better with a broader use case but this has a cooler type system and js runtime support
I'm such a huge fan of elixir, and gleam feels like elixir 2.0 super excited about it
You and prime spilling the beans smh. Now I gotta fight with everyone else for the gleam jobs 😂
High Level rust, lets gooooooooo!!!!!!
this is nothing close to the binary abomination that is rust lol.
so a bad rust!
@@trejohnson7677 what is a "binary abomination" supposed to be?
@@potatomaaan1757 run xxd or some shit guy.
I predict that pretty soon we'll see new programming languages and libraries released alongside LLM AIs to help developers convert their existing code bases and reduce onboarding
20:01 Technically, Rust allows using emojis as variable names as well but you'll be getting warnings.
Omg you always on hype. When you do your job?
Theo, I appreciate your video. I remember I gave Prisma a try because of one of your videos. But you get too excited sometimes, I don't want to make the same Prisma mistake with Gleam, by jumping on it. I'll wait a little, just like I should have done with Prisma.
Prisma is fine, better than anything that came before it, and easy to move off of with tools like Drizzle and Kysely. The mindset it teaches is the value. I'm sorry if you feel burned by adopting it early since we've collectively "moved away". There's a significant gap between my excitement for Gleam and my production use and endorsement of Prisma. Prisma was a tool I built multiple businesses with, and have had a great experience working with at scale. Gleam is a brand new language I'm excited about. I'm not endorsing it. I'm not telling people to go rewrite their stuff in it. I'm just excited. If you can't see the difference between my excitement and my endorsements, might be best to avoid my videos for awhile.
@@t3dotgg Thank you for responding to my comment. Based on your response, I wish you hadn't taken it like an attack on what you do. I apologize if my comment came off like a complaint because it wasn't. To be honest with you, thanks to the issues I had with Prisma, I became a drizzle advocate and a huge contributor to the codebase. Before I used prisma I didn't use any "type-safe" library, just mysql2, node-pg and the like. I admire you as a developer and tend to pay attention to your takes because they make me think in a possibly different way. Hopefully next time I comment on one of your videos I'll express myself in a more positive way.
@@AngelEduardoLopezZambranoid just stop watching his videos 😂
Ruby also allows emoji variables!
@6:33 - I believe that python was the first that pushed for homogeneous code formatting. I mean, indentation is part of the syntax. And there is also PEP 8 since 2001
will this be friendly to newer programmers? i only know python but am looking to branch out and am definitely interested in this
is your full name Brendan Remmy
Yes, that is one of the goals. The standard library hasn't reached version 1.0 yet, so I would maybe wait until that happens
It's a friendly language and the people are a lovely bunch on the discord :)
It's a functional language, so some things might throw you for a loop at first (like there not being loops or throwing exceptions), but it's probably the most approachable form of the paradigm right now Once you learn functional programming (FP) through Gleam, you'll be able to transfer that to other functional languages, too
Raku also supports unicode variable names.
I think Mojo also allows emojis as variable names
BTW, as a brit, £ is not a euro, it's a pound. € is a euro. 👍
I sometimes miss the “do { }” syntax for variable assignments in JS…I probably have some code still running it via Babel somewhere.
another functional programming language that will be used in 5 projects
The language mascot sold me lol
readable erlang? nooice
What can you build with Gleam?
semi-colon for returns would be hilarious
Gleam creator's youtube channel: www.youtube.com/@lpil
Gleam is a very exciting language for BEAM, but just keep in mind that OTP is the true engine behind what makes coding on BEAM unique, and the Gleam standard library currently wraps very little of OTP. This is not a criticism, I'm sure it will be easier to make progress on this with a stable language, and the language author loves the runtime.
The main reason to use TS/JS is having the ability to not switch languages if you write frontend / complex web apps. I do not see this advantage challanged, where are many good backend languages out where -> but they are all not good enough if you want to do frontend.
Kotlin
You can frontend in Rust :P
Theo, aka the JS hype guy
20:00 PHP also allows emoji variables, to add to your list 😛
Been watching gleam, got confused sometimes with the slots _ as it's a small thing that changes the behaviour quite a lot
Nim supports emojis as variable names as well
Swift mentioned!
Finally a Type Safe Elixir!!! I am 100% on board. Sign me up!
What you think of Roc lang?
Pipes has made its way to js through EffectTS library.
Obligatory nitpick : "75k Euros" while looking at British Pounds (and no it didn't change with brexit)
Js can do multithreading when using the event loop
It's sad that it doesn't try to compete Go's async/multithreading standards with goroutines. Like, where does gleam stand now in this whole "Production languages" list from C++, Rust to Typescript, Python to Go being in the middle? I'm placing it after Go (in terms of not covering this humongous market) of software engineers wanting languages that are simple but also very performant. And Gleam does not seem to touch that market as much as Go does. It just seems to "Gleam" .... i don't know who will use it instead of Go, and why.
They seem to prefer elixir concurrent model and more functional style while go is more procedural Go is pretty good, but in my opinion is not the favorite of many devs because of err != nil and not having a strict null checker This language seems to have strict null checker like rust which reduces drastically bugs caused by skill issue They said that the language does not have null and that I doubt, they probably have null with another name
Go's concurrency system is unsound and Gleam prefers to use an actually good concurrency system. It looks like Go but good.
16:25 onward looks almost identical to Rust. They even followed Rust in rejecting function overloading antipattern. Just last week I was talking with a friend the best replacement for the go niche would be simplified Rust with a garbage collector with the good Rust type-system. I just wish it had traits. Pipes look like a useless gimmick to me, especially when you have to use that awkward _
How are pipes a gimmick? Chaining function calls is a basic necessity.
I'm so glad you played with it. Prime failed. You succeeded.
Julia does support emojis as variable names.
I don't underestand why languages, especially new ones, don't have named imports, like in JavaScript. That's the thing I appreciate the most about JavaScript. It's such an easy win, but of the languages I know only Python and Zig do that.
Python is older than JS So why they don’t have it like Python Just saying
WDYM? Rust doesn't have named imports?
gleam does have named imports, you use the `as` keyword (if you know rust, it's just how rust does it) so `import gleam/string as str` or a more complex example `import gleam/string.{reverse as rev, append as app}`
Gleam does have named imports
@t3dotgg its not implicit returns :) you’ve forgotten that elixir functions always have only a single return statement, so you can’t put them anywhere else - meaning thay are always explicit
Interesting!
I thought you just switched back to Elixir?? Prime already did a video on Gleam.
C/C++ can use Emojis as Variable names if you use the right encoding or punycode with the preprocessor
no emojis for variable names, thats good.
It's really funny to me just how much Theo hates Rust
i. have prblems in understanding the _ in arguments
when you talk about erlang couchdb should be mentioned as well imho,
rabbitmq also.
Sounds like a cool language to use inside an Elixir project for the business logic. I don't think it makes any sense to drop Elixir existing ecosystem (ExUnit for tests, Phoenix for the web, Ecto for interacting with db...)
I think it's not "implicit return". Function should return something and there is no null in Gleam. It's just what it is.
Even though it's still in private beta, Jai is still my dream/favorite language. It was initially made for making video games, so it's made to be performant, both in the code being fast, and the compiler being fast, but it's also useful for a lot of other use cases to, as it's also a replacement for C/C++
You can use emojis as variable names in C.
This is a really sneaky way to move Rust developers one step closer to Haskell. I love it.
most of us are happy and content with rust, no reason to use this. all languages are simple when you get comfortable with them.
@@porcupinetree-bb3zg Try doing type specialization while saying that.
i am giving it a try
Se you haven't tried Kotlin
wait is this like an erlang framework?
Wow. I almost dismissed Gleam because of its name and icon. I know that's a bad heuristic, but you gotta prioritize where to put your attention, you know. But boy am I glad that I watched this video. Gleam looks awesome. The design and syntax just makes me want to use it.
php allows for emojis variables