You're Swimming in Radiation... And you don't even know it!
2024 ж. 9 Мам.
213 932 Рет қаралды
Today we experiment with different sources of radioactivity in a DIY cloud chamber. We start with the basics and principles of cloud chambers then move on to some exciting tests.
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I used to fix old 747 inertial navigation systems. One model had upgraded the magnetic core memory to RAM. It used to come in occasionally with a single bit error in the program. The official explanation was the bit in RAM had been hit by a cosmic ray at altitude & was flipped. The fix was to reload, test & send it out again. It never happened on the ground. That 10km of atmosphere stops _that many_ of the particles. Hardening computers for spaceflight is _important._
Just enclose each CPU with my willpower.
Which is why the next generation or two started to use error detection and correction, so that the extra bits of memory gave enough information to correct single bit errors, and also not be fooled by bit errors in the checking memory. Yes not quite double the memory needed, but importantly gave a fix of single bit errors, and also more importantly would reliably detect that 2 or more bits had flipped, so that the system could either reset itself, and alternate system take over till first system had self tested and gotten reloaded, or at least warn that the results might be incorrect. Space bases systems worked on having 3 of each bit, and seeing that 2 at least were the same. For the really critical systems they had 5, and would vote, stopping the dissenting one, and carrying on with the task. Works for the first 2 errors with no loss of performance, but after 3 you are getting critical, but hopefully by then the slow human side can intervene. That is what enabled the shuttle to fly to orbit, using 5 computer modules to check each other, with the sixth being unimportant and providing communications to ground. If no 6 stopped no big problem, you just lost data link but still had a lot of raw data and voice going back. fix in orbit and carry on, splitting the cxomputers up and loading them for orbit use.
@@SeanBZA Yes. this was an old system based originally on the Command Module guidance system built by AC Delco. It had the 6k of magnetic core memory. They saved a bit of weight (and probably money) when it switched to solid state. But that era of hardware lacked the compute power for error correction. The latter units used in the 767s we had had 'strapped down' accelerometers & ring laser gyros, & just calculated out the effects of gravity and instrument bias.
Thanks for posting. I enjoyed that, I kind of thought that magnetic core memory was just used for Apollo.
@@smile768 MCM was used for other things prior to that, but then it was reliable for the lunar mission. Then afterwards they looked at what they built for it & thought, "Well, we spent all this time & money developing this, what else can we use it for?", and with some redesign & clever stabilisation to account for earth rotation, spherical navigation, travel rate etc. they turned it into an aircraft navigation system. The spec for it was 3+3T. This was 3 nautical miles, plus 3 for every hour of flight, and 2T 95% of the time. So after an 8 hour flight it should have you within 16 nautical miles of you destination. Use 3 for comparison and update from other navigation sources, (DME etc. This is long before GPS was available for civilian use), and it could navigate you from /to anywhere in the world via waypoints as required. And all with only 6k of memory for the program, coordinates, & scratchpad.
Made the suggestion a long time ago when y'all asked for video suggestions. Most videos on cloud chambers are very vague on how to make them and I knew y'all could perfect it and be very detailed on the build process. So glad y'all finally got to making one!
I recall seeing this a while ago, kzhead.info/sun/YKeuY9uPb6SEdKs/bejne.html (The Thought Emporium) takes the peltier approach and you might find it interesting.
Hello fellow Texan.
I made the same suggestion long ago as a reply on the refrigerator project. Good to hear them talk about consumable cooling being a more viable option than I thought. Cheers.
The project also showcases how cloud formation starts. Water vapor only starts condensing on high speed particles, so the level of background radiation has a lot to do with the amount of clouds forming. Quite an interesting subject. The position of Earth relative to the arms of the Milky Way then should also influence the level of radiation and therefore there should be distinct differences within the what ... 250.000 year cycle of Earth moving between an arm and the less concentrated parts of the galaxy.
77
Incredible. I teach hazardous materials to first responders, and this video will absolutely be part of the radiation chapter from now on!
I didn't become extremely interested in radiation until my early 20's, and as a visual learner, radiation was a very mysterious thing to me, as the field is mostly comprised of looking only at math. However, the first time I saw a cloud chamber was a Eureka moment for me, and the experience spurred a decade of learning and studying all forms of radiation. I honestly think a cloud chamber should be in every middle school and high school science class, and I'd highly encourage if any science teachers/professors are watching this and do not have a cloud chamber, build this, and put it in your classroom, because you WILL inspire minds.
I could listen to his encyclopedic knowledge all day.
It’s not just the encyclopaedic knowledge, but also a very well-researched script
You're like Mr. Wizard for big kids. Thanks for all you do man.
@@jeremiahbullfrog9288 Yeah, MR. Wizard was an absolute jerk, always bashing on the kids, it was like a train wreck I couldn't stop watching
@@beesod6412 I bought the DVDs for my kids hadn’t watched since I was a kid, he’s awesome. I think you’re thinking of Bill Nye the Science Guy. I watched some of his stuff from the 90’s and he really was an a-hole to the kids. Mr Wizard may seem terse at times but I doubt he was doing on purpose. Bill Nye seemed to think he was being funny.
I have to say, this might be one of the coolest experiments you have done yet. Absolutely AWESOME when you can see the sub atomic world with the naked eye!
I second your thoughts on this.
quote - when you can see the sub atomic world with the naked eye! Wtf??? Are you serious? You mean you can see sub atomic particles with the naked eye? You either have bionic eyesight or having a laugh! i think it's the latter! All I observe are streaks of whispery clouds appearing and disappearing in the chamber, but what causes them are anybody's guess! What tests have you carried out to determine the cause? probably none. I bet you're just going along with the science rubbish and you only believe particles cause the streaks of clouds!!
@@PeterPete ...you are very ignorant of the science at play here. But, I am not qualified to teach you how you don't understand what is going on. You would need to be given the information by someone else and or do some research.
@@Rickbearcat thanks for your comment rick but the OP stated they could see sub atomic particles with the naked eye and I would merely like to see them as well. Unfortunately I do not see sub atomic particles in the chamber. All I see in the chamber are whispy streaky clouds quickly appear then disappear! So I am not ignorant of the science at play here as it's likely there is no science at play here at all!
@@PeterPete …The way in which you couched your explanation of things (events?), I could see how and why you came to that conclusion. You are correct. We are not “seeing” any subatomic particles. But we are seeing a reaction to their presence in the chamber. If this is what you meant in your first comment then I stand corrected.
This was a WONDERFUL video. I loved it! I’m subbing!
Thanks!
... good news. You've got several days of back catalogue to get through. This channel is just like the cool science teacher who's bored and over qualified and teaches stuff way above grade level for fun.
@@Hebdomad7 A few days would be an understatement. So much of Tech Ingredients content are deliciously thicc, long-format videos.
Like bit flips in DRAM and FLASH memory. L1 and L2 cache memory have no EDAC, oops, hope the application is not flight critical . . . . . . cold boot offten amigo. IBM Hawk data indicated about one upset per month per megabyte in early DRAMS. Just another Blue screen of death. Will start the stock market sell off for shure.
Josh great to see you here, some excellent videos here and TI is also a ham; I’ve seen his inverted V in at least one video. 73 K9MKE
As a physicist I've been around many physics demonstrations. I think your cloud chamber is one of the best I have seen. I detect radiation almost daily for work but at this point, it is just a number on a screen, a curve to be calibrated, and spectra that needs to be reduced. These demonstrations are not just exciting for kids, but remind me at least, why I got into science in the first place. I can stare at the chamber for hours trying to see a pattern. Then maybe I'd ruin it by creating a model in GEANT4 that boils it all down to a pretty graphic with billions of multi-colored simulated tracks by throwing billions and billions of pretend particles. I think a good video would be to provide a tour of your workspaces and discuss some of your background (you and your boys).
How could you possibly ruin it? We have so much WIMSy in our field..... GEANT, POWDERPUFS, SLOWPOKE, and the ever-lovable DRAGON!
a man's gotta due what a man's gotta do! Seriously, The video speaks for itself and your interest speaks volumes as to the effectiveness of these teaching videos. Well done!
Yes! A video outlining your background! What started you on your path of discovery? Another amazing and very entertaining video, thank you!
As engineers we are taught to visualize concepts for understanding, experiments like this get me excited all over again. Also, a solid background in chemistry and electrical principals, gives you an advantage when it comes to understanding how the universe works. I have 100's of ideas I'd like to piece together one day, if only I had a work shop like this with all those tools.
@@EA-tc6kb ... So you're tellin' me, I will never understand how the universe works because I su... at organic chemistry? :/
I'd love a video of just a fixed angle shot of the empty chamber, running multiple hours
Visual ASMR 👍
That last angle was nice. So you can see the trails staying in the air, the particles slowly falling down and creating peaks and troughs. Truly beautiful. I could watch that all day.
There must be hundreds of cloud chamber videos on KZhead. This is the only one that shows how it should be done. Very impressive build, and of course a great result. Congrats and many thanks!
This is my most valued you tube subscription. Thank you for these extremely understandable high tech explanations.
Me too, imo this is the best channel on ANY medium. :)
Cosmic rays are absolutely stunning. Incomprehensibly huge events in our universe, absurdly far in distance and time, die before our eyes in such ephemeral flashes. Imagine a packet of energy being generated before the dinosaurs walked the earth with a precise direction and target: the vapour that you distilled from your garden potatoes... thanks Tech Ingredients!
Best comment!
I'm so thankful our world has people this smart to share knowledge that the majority of us would never know.thank you
Man best cloud chamber ever, at least of those I've seen. I love how you go about your projects with every intent to get the best possible results with the constraints you have. Be it physical, size or budget you strife to get the best bang for the buck. Your "little" chamber beats a lot of school, science fair and even museum versions.
this channel never disappoints in exploring interesting, detailed and technical subjects. Thorium is all over the place, especially in monazite sands (beach sand).
I’ve been thinking about building a cloud chamber for years. I’m glad I waited. THIS is how to build one. You just keep getting better and better with each new video. Thanks!
It looks somewhat inexpensive and simple.
@@hxhdfjifzirstc894 The very first ones made were essentially identical, apart from the light sources used.
Utterly brilliant and absolutely mesmerising. Thank you for such an entertaining and informative video. Those images of cosmic ray interactions were the best I've ever seen.
TI, show us the cloud chamber with the high voltage electrodes in it as you described. I'd like to see how the early scientists discovered mass, etc. using a cloud chamber. Fascinating, and I passed the video to my colleagues.
I've just re-watched this video after a year or so.. it still amazes me so much, especially the part about cosmic rays at the end gives me a comfortable feeling about the fact that we are all just stardust. Very well done! I love this channel.
If you put magnets in the chamber, would you see the alpha and beta particles curve near them?
yes
Good question.
You need at least a 4 or 5 gauss field though.
He explained EXACTLY that. You weren't paying attention.
@@mikeclarke952 It depends on the beta energy of the source. Not all beta-rays are that energetic.
Please place this machine, with no sample, on a field, during a cloudless night. Just record 2-3 hours of that cosmic ray trails. Amazing stuff !
You don't even need to put it outside, cosmic rays don't care about your home insulation (nor clouds). ;)
@@dexter9313 I would think they do care. More water in the atmosphere (and some walls) surely won't stop them but would be nice to see if there's visible difference with less in the way.
@@Qwarzz fair enough, let's do the experiment !
I have seen many of your videos and love how detailed you get with every aspect of your experiments.
I was so happy to see you guys do a cloud chamber. keep up the great work!
I personally loved the rocket motor series the best, but this was the bees knees! I really appreciate it, you're as engaging and informative as my physics professor, and Sharaz is one of the all time best!
How about a particle stream propelled rocket motor?????
I've seen one of these cloud chambers before at a physics demonstration at my university, they're super cool. While I won't be uilding a cloud chamber, I found the techniques regarding the LEDs, thermal stuff and construction of the chamber very useful! Thanks for another fantastic episode, and a very entertaining one.
Absolutely stunning results... gorgeous to just stare at. Great job on an easy-to-make home build of a cloud chamber!
Extraordinary! Thank you for sharing the knowledge.
I would love to see just a long recording of one of these. Seems strangely relaxing
I'll 2nd that. just record and stream it on a loop forever with some royalty free jazz... there is a market for that. It looks amazing!
@@CaedenV - I'd pay for / buy SHOTS of some of that alcohol, drained and tapped out of the bottom of that chamber, if the chamber was set up in a nice dark bar or lounge! I'd especially consider and ENJOY buying my ex-mother-in-law a couple of ice-cold Polonium Shots, "Grape Kool-Aid Flavored" !!! (I''d buy her shots all evening long, too - regardless of cost - if the Bartender would actually SHOOT HER at "Last Call, Closing Time!") Okay, maybe I'm getting a little carried away there, but there is definitely some kind of market there for a liquor delivery system that would be profitable, especially at some college or university watering holes! The lights, the "mood", etc would be so "cool" and enticing. "Give me a Manhattan Project, make it a Double", "I'd like a Marie Curie on the Rocks, please!" "How about a KGB Double Agent Killer for me!", the list goes on.
Addendum - How about an unofficial NAME THAT BAR CONTEST! I get first crack at "Neutrino's" How about some more names, even variants of that one - let's hear 'em!!!
Absolutely fascinating experiment, thank you for the time and energy you spent.
Wow this video was amazing, thanks so much for taking your time and effort to educate us
I'm absolutely thrilled, a lot of background knowledge, a lot to think about and absolutely professional. Thank you a lot!
Wow! This is the clearest cloud chamber demonstration I’ve ever seen! Absolutely beautiful work and results
Amazing experiment, I love this demonstration. Thanks to all of you of Tech Ingredients.
Awesome video, nobody could've done it better! I cannot adequately express my appreciation & admiration for the raw passion, serious effort, and distilled efficient genius that is on display in every video you've shared on this channel. Bravo, good sir, Bravo!
Beautiful display of this apparatus. Thank you for this!
He's finally going to show us how to build a tokamak. Yes!!!
Brilliant project!!! And such an enjoyable description, explanation and demonstration of subatomic particles. This is going on the list of my favorite videos from Tech Ingredients! Cool-factor of 10! 👍
I've built several, and it took a lot of experimenting to learn the lessons you demonstrate about what works well. Thank you!
Each video just gets better and better. Learning more science from this channel then I ever did in school! I'd love to see you explain how signals sent to an antenna become EM Radio transmissions and why exactly a single wire acting as an antenna can detect that over great distance.
DUDE. The empty tank display is incredible! I've never actually seen a demonstration of that before. Thanks as always for posting, I really enjoy the cool stuff you guys do!
It would be useful if someone built a permanent cloud chamber installation and streamed the video, so that cosmic rays could be displayed and analysed frame-by-frame. A strong neodymium magnet could be used to reveal the charge on the particles. It would be interesting to watch during the coming solar maximum. That would be a very useful educational tool. Link it to a local Geiger Counter Reading of background radiation
you might be able to detect times when we're passing thru solar storms....though most of that isn't powerful enough to reach the ground...
@@timhyatt9185 there is strong secondary emissions in the earths upper atmosphere that lead to a cascade radiation burst. While our sun is the source of most of the dangerous radiation, mostly protons. There are occasional cosmic gamma ray bursts.
@@nigeljohnson9820 that was what I was saying...most of the dangerous radiation from the sun gets diverted by the magnetic field, and subsequently, the Ozone layer, but when there's a CME, we experience a marked increase. some of that dives deep enough into the atmosphere it starts interacting with molecules there, producing auroras. It's part of why the auroras become visible so much further south during solar storms. A video of a cloud chamber set up during such a time would show a marked increase in activity.....
I started watching this. When my partner asked what you were building, then "Why would anybody want to?" I said, "Just wait." When the first pictures of the contrails came, I heard a whisper "Oh, beautiful." Thank You, for making our day more beautiful.
Superb! You guys provide some super high-end content! It's always highly informative and just simply fascinating. Thank you
Congrats on another superb demonstration and explanation - just fascinating. :) Thank you.
Nice to know you are still about Chris. All the best from Australia.
Thanks! Yes, still muddling along but age is the enemy these days :)
I love the way you simplified and make explanations easy access to everyone, it is absulotuly FANTASTIC! Thank you so much!
I had heard of and knew why they are used, but never knew how to build one. A cloud chamber was mentioned in another video I watched and suddenly, up pops your video. Thank you!
The last demonstration was really stunning to me, very very nice project, the coolest thing on your channel maybe. Thanks a lot!
This will be a very thought-provoking episode for stoners on 4/20
I'm burning one right now.
I left the community observance and immediately found this. Tis true, tis true.
I’m on 1000mg of gummies right now lol
Ayoooooooooooo!
Why? Because some are TI's since they're not down with the malicious "cool" suicidal slow kill cult?
Thank you! Like everyone else, I'm just blown away by this. I've always wondered about cloud chambers, but have never looked into it. You've done some amazing things on this channel, but this has to be my favourite (excuse the aussie spelling:) It's a tiny little glimpse, a hint into the reality underlying our universe. Like you, I think, I loved the last radiation source the best.
Always a joy to watch your projects and educational content!
Thank you so much for this beautiful video! You hit the perfect balance of technical details and it was so easy to understand. Your teaching skills are stellar! And what a great message at the end. Greetings from Oslo Norway 🇳🇴
WOW! Such a cool effect. I've never seen a could chamber before and now I want to build one.
Fantastic video! Just really one of your best videos yet! As usual, you cover both the construction of the project, as well as the science being demonstrated, in exquisite, but clearly explained, detail. As a radiologist, I think a really cool source for your cloud chamber would be a sample of F-18 FDG, the bread and butter tracer used in PET imaging. It is a pure positron ("anti-electron") emitter, so you should be able to demonstrate positron/electron annihilation events, each generating two 511 KeV photons, traveling precisely 180 degrees from one another (dictated by quantum mechanics). In other words, matter/antimatter collision events. F-18, unfortunately has a half life of just under 2 hours, so you have to be pretty close to a supplier (assuming you haven’t built your own cyclotron yet; say….there’s an idea for a project!) I have to admit I have no idea what a single dose of FDG costs; it’s probably several hundred dollars. Regardless, thanks again for another outstanding video. Yours is one of the greatest science education KZhead channels. Can’t wait for the next!
Enlightening! Thank you. These really do stimulate the mind. Please continue. I will be honored to support the channel.
Thanks!
wow! that literally was the best all around demo and how to of a cloud chamber I have ever seen! 10 out of 10. you always seem to out do yourself!
You should demonstrate the radioactivity of a banana! ~0.1μSv. Very educational as usual. I love that it's possible to visualize radiation this way. Thank you for demonstrating.
Great video, quite mesmerising to watch, especially the cosmic ray section. Just one thing, you referenced an umbrella shot to the leg which, if my memory is correct, was actually ricin, not polonium. The polonium was apparently possibly administered by teapot!
Really dynamic presenting, nice to see you experimenting!
Best video yet! I really appreciate your channels efforts. From whiskey to cloud machines to boat builds.
Actually a really cool demo! Love that we could actually visualise the cosmic radiation at surface level!!
"You're Swimming in Radiation... And you don't even know it!" lol, literally anyone with eyes can see we are swimming in radiation.
*Ionizing radiation*
@@Phoenix88. ...and anyone who took physics knows _that._
Yeah, seriously... Most people don't even know what the EM spectrum is. How are they going to know that there's radiation. Around them? I guarantee if your wanted down a street and asked 1/10 would know what light is. Maybe less.
@@Akya2120 that's true, and a deep deep problem. 😔
Heck, we're swimming in man made ionizing radiation since Fukushima!
Absolutely amazing demonstration. BRAVO!
Thank you sir. You are doing an excellent job. Going in depth of such a variety of subjects so extensively and in fluent understandable language.
Best one yet, my favorite. You mentioned using silicone RTV, I’m wondering if you’ve ever added corn starch to RTV to accelerate the cure? Thanks for all the fascinating and educational episodes. I’m a former USAF Missile Tech (IYAAYAS) and now own 1/3 of Guardian Financial Systems, a bank equipment company. When the vault won’t open in the morning, they call me. Other interests are model rockets, home brewing and distilling, target shooting, ballistics and Ammo reloading, guitar and vintage Hammond Organ. Check out the Hammond Tone generator to see how they got all those tones from a purely mechanical device. Love the channel.
Sounds like you got some interesting hobbies that would be cool to share. Subbed (if you ever make any videos I’ll watch!)
@@Lawbase Yeah, I like watching smart people too. Especially smart people that are good at explaining things.
Loved this, thanks for sharing your amazing DIY science with such clear explanations. I also appreciated you sending out the notification. Will these be available on the channel afterwards? I missed part of the beginning.
just click on his icon and you get a list of ALL the videos he and his son have made. When the new page comes up click VIDEOS
thank you very much for such a great video! so detailed, so interesting, so professional! so far this is the best cloud chamber video at YT, IMHO!!!
This channel is fantastic. What a fascinating 40 minutes. Thank you so much to The Main Presenter, The Son, and the entire team.
Slick looking cloud chamber. Working on a peltier powered one myself and the cooling is not the problem (ignoring efficiency); making it look like something you would leave on a windowsill is where the work lies.
This looks so beautiful. I wish you would have added a few minutes at the end with relaxing music :D
Syntox Put on headfones, play music in your headphones, and watch the video with the sound turned down! ( just not in your headfones). lol
Wouldn't it make an excellent screen saver.
@@Deipnosophist_the_Gastronomer never thought of that, but what a NEAT idea!!!!
a long time subscriber your ability to simplify complex ideas is great! 👍🏼 keep it up!
that was awesome, thanks for all the hard work and great explanation of the entire project
I think you missed an opportunity there, to generate a magnetic field creating alpha and beta trails curving in opposite directions
And positron!
r/iamverysmart
this is up there with one of the best videos you’ve done.. wow.. you’re the cooler NileRed .. keep up the amazing work!
Thank you for another amazing video. Appreciate all the hard work it takes. 🙏
As a 74 year old I remember well a cloud chamber in nuclear physics at school. The chamber was very tiny but then we had access to nuclear materials that probably now would be illegal, at least here in Australia. They showed alpha, beta and gamma radiation although the area was too small and too dull to show ambient radioactivity. This was before we knew about the really tiny sub atomic particles like quarks, positrons and neutrinos etc so who knows what we were really seeing! I loved your vivid demonstration of the solar radiation. I wonder how much ambient radiation is still hanging around from the results of nuclear tests. We had lots in the deserts in central Australia before aerial explosions were banned and whilst the fallout is not dangerous far away from the test sites, there was so much fallout at the time of long half-life products that we must be still able to detect some even now. I would love to see:- * the difference between ambient daytime radiation and night time radiation, *A demonstration of the effects of magnetism, especially if an electromagnet was introduced that could swap polarity *see if everyday objects (like bananas) that are said to have radioactive material (like Potassium) showed up detectable activity. On second thoughts perhaps hold that last one since it might frighten everyone off bananas and kill our banana industry!
Please don't do premieres or shorts.
TikTok INGREDIENTS, yo!!!!!!!!!!!
Fantastic video. I follow quite a few channels but this one is by far the highest quality both in content and execution.
Absolutely fascinating. This post just blew my mind. I just wasn't expecting that.
Enjoyed every minute of this video. Thanks for sharing!
That reveal at the end was marvelous. Thanks TI!
fantastic experiments and mesmerizing to see how beautiful those trails are.. thanks to share it here!!!
I love seeing your son in the frame doing his thang! It adds authenticity to the most authentic thing on earth ... thanks for kicking so much ass !
not only do have an extraordinary expertise but your voice while explaining these things is also very soothing. its a joy every single time
Awesome demonstration. Thanks for doing this.
This is awsome to see the unseen, many thanks for sharing and the detailed valuable information.
Very detailed and clear, one of the best science and tech channel on youtube.
I love cloud chambers. Only ever seen one in person, wanting to build one ever since but I do not have the space to store it when it's not in use. Great video!
Truly, you are a gem. Thank you ☺️ for sharing your knowledge, skill, and superb demeanor.
Thank you for such a detailed description of the construction of a smoke chamber detector. This brings me one step closer to observing my hypothesis.
Well Done! This is a very cool video/experiment I've seen for a very long time. It's simply amazing. Never thought cosmic rays could be visualized this way. Thank you TI.
i love watching your guys videos just becuase its soothing.. it takes me away from all of my problems and get to watch a cool experiment in great detail. thanks for the content! i really appreciate it.
Thanks, nice build as always. Cheers!
All three of you are the very best. Love you guys!
Beautiful shots and great guide! Thanks a lot Tech Ingredients Team :)
We talked about it in physics a month ago or so and I decided immediately to build one myself. I haven't reached my goal yet but with this video, I got like 300% of the information I needed to build it. You not only covered how to build it, but also how it works, which different cooling techniques are usable and gave us high quality pictures of the result. In total your quality of videos is just insane. I also really like those short phrases like "just think about that for short" which give a nudging to be fascinatet by our nature. Really like your videos and KEEP your level of quality in your videos!!!
I really like the technical explanations, the why, in all of your (plural) videos. The thoroughness helps us understand what part is essential and what is not
Thanks, I agree.
Excellent. The best cloud chamber I've seen, was a large one at the Exploratorium in San Fran. years ago.
What an excellent KZhead. Those flashes that were tangential and randomly directed were really cool. I can’t imagine anyone studying them, they are so random and so short lived but wonderful to watch.
Thanks. I'd never heard of a cloud chamber. Absolutely fascinating, and your presentation is great.