An Evening with the Producers of "The Codebreaker"

Join Melissa Davis for a roundtable discussion with the producers of "American Experience: The Codebreaker" about the surprising life of cryptanalyst Elizebeth Smith Friedman and the role the Friedman collection (housed in the Marshall Foundation Archive) played in the making of the film.
Meet Elizebeth Smith Friedman, college-educated Midwestern girl, who in 1916 went to work for an eccentric man with a team trying to locate Baconian ciphers in Shakespeare’s writings at Riverbank Laboratories in Illinois. She couldn’t find any ciphers, but she became interested in codes; how to create them, and how to decipher them.
She found a partner in life and cryptography in William Friedman, and with their team they deciphered all federal encrypted information for eight months during World War I, and developed the instruction of soldiers in the art of code writing and code breaking by learning for themselves in the evening and writing the next day’s lesson.
After the war, Elizebeth settled down to be a wife and mother, but her expertise was too valuable to the government. In 1923, she went to work for the U.S. Navy decrypting codes used by blockade runners during Prohibition. This work led Elizebeth to decoding for the U.S. Coast Guard full time; the only woman employed by the Coast Guard at the time. She decoded 12,000 messages in three years, and her testimony sent 35 bootlegger bosses to prison in 1933.
Elizebeth later assisted Canadian officials in the arrest of opium smugglers, and helped the U.S. Post Office catch a Nazi spy in New York City.
During World War II, Elizebeth and her team of code breakers were primarily responsible for the identification of Nazi spies and their sympathizers in South America, but credit for their work which included solving three different Enigma machines was purloined by J. Edgar Hoover, who claimed his FBI agents were responsible.
At the time that Elizebeth and her team were working to break the Enigma codes, and then reverse-engineered an Enigma machine to enable faster decoding, she didn’t realize anyone else was working on the Enigma.
Many are familiar with the work of Alan Turing and Bletchley Park, but do not know that as a primary codebreaker for the U.S. Army, Elizebeth’s husband, William, was doing the exact same thing. They came home from work each evening, and talked over dinner together without knowing what projects the other was working on.
At the end of the war, Elizebeth was told that her skills were no longer needed, and so she and her husband William returned to the project that first brought them together - working to prove there were not any Baconian ciphers in Shakespeare. This led to the publication of their book, The Shakespearean Ciphers Examined.
In their retirement years, William and Elizebeth decided that their personal library and papers would not go to the federal government, but to a small library that would make them available to researchers. They started working on readying their collection together, and after William’s death, Elizebeth worked tirelessly on their collection’s donation to the George C. Marshall Foundation. Elizebeth followed the truck carrying their collection from their home on Capitol Hill to Lexington, VA, and spent many days getting the collection organized into its new home.