The 9 Experiments That Will Change Your View of Light (And Blow Your Mind)
A supercut of all our weird light episodes. A look at the double-slit experiment, the Bell experiment, quantum eraser, the delayed choice experiment, the photoelectric effect, the three-polariser paradox, and more! Prepare for your world to be turned upside down.
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0:00 Prologue
1:18 Intro
2:55 #1 Young’s Double Slit Experiment
5:12 #2 The Photoelectric Effect
7:18 Single-Photon Double Slit Experiment
11:14 #3 Three Polarizer Paradox
14:35 Harmonics & the Probabilistic Nature of Reality
18:15 The Speed of Light?
22:12 #4 & #5 Hau’s Light Speed Experiments
22:45 #6 NEC’s Light Speed Experiments
25:42 #7 Temporal Double Split Experiment
31:14 Startling Implications
33:44 Can Information Travel Backwards in Time?
35:20 Quantum Entanglement
37:28 Fuzzy Properties
38:22 #8 The Bell Experiment
45:52 #9 Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser
50:58 Outro
This is a supercut of my Weird Light series, so you may have seen some of this content before, however it is now in sequence, with sponsors removed, and all the episodes tied together seemlessly. Enjoy!
I may have solved that 200 year old mystery of the double slit experiment. But.. Nobody cares that you can not detect a single photon without 'touching' it. A lot of misunderstandings about the experiment setup and nobody cares..
Had to rewind #9 ten times. Wow. Great work!
@@rodglen7071 committed ❤😂
Light behaves different if its being observed. Not if im looking or not. What you said implies it is consciousness that is required for observation and that might not be the case.
... That these processions of energy particles appear as wave phenomena when subjected to certain observations is due to the resistance of the undifferentiated force blanket of all space, the hypothetical ether, and to the intergravity tension of the associated aggregations of matter. 42:5.15 (476.1) The excitation of the content of space produces a wavelike reaction to the passage of rapidly moving particles of matter, just as the passage of a ship through water initiates waves of varying amplitude and interval.
The Young double slit light experiment got me hooked on physics and taught me not to completely dismiss things in life that seemed unintuitive.
Same here. Its crazy that the outcome changes just by looking at ot. I believe thats because you can only be in one dimension at a time.
It's what made me realise that when Jesus says "God moves in mysterious ways" he was really saying "sometimes the universe can be counter intuitive..."
@@redfernpixelgnomepitcher1377the very fact that particles will travel back in time to change an outcome tells me it’s under intelligent control.
reality is an illusion that depends on consciousness
@@Webedunn There's no time travel involved
I woke up at 2am to use the bathroom and go back to sleep. randomly decided to watch a few YT shorts and now here I am, wide awake and fully intrigued in your video. This is the kind of rabbit holes I don’t mind jumping down. 😂😂
Inattentive ADD
Thanks for the awesome new age story!
Until when you're supposed to get up 🤦♂️
You shouldn't use devices during the night. It will keep you awake no matter what you watch.
Well, if you got at least one cycle of rem sleep, it's probably okay.
Incredibly made video, you have explained in simple terms concepts I never thought I could understand. That lightning explanation is such a beautiful analogy for the time slit experiment!
Sorry to say, but don't take too much of what these videos take to heart. They are half truths dressed up with VERY bad information and philosophical mumbo jumbo
Just wow, this video completely blew my mind. The temporal double slit baffled me entirely and left me with the question if light has his own velocity.
Light doesn't have a speed. It has a rate of refraction. It's rate speeds up and slows down - depending on the medium it perturbating.
just like ronsimpson8666 said, there by definition is no velocity because light has no mass.
Light is fluid
@@eliteextremophile8895 light doesnt have a speed, it has a 'rate of refraction' for whatever "medium" it's refracting through'. ❤️✌️
Bunch of 🤓 in this thread
Chapter Timestamps: 0:00 Prologue 1:18 Intro 2:55 #1 Young’s Double Slit Experiment 5:12 #2 The Photoelectric Effect 7:18 Single-Photon Double Slit Experiment 11:14 #3 Three Polarizer Paradox 14:35 Harmonics & the Probabilistic Nature of Reality 18:15 The Speed of Light? 22:12 #4 & #5 Hau’s Light Speed Experiments 22:45 #6 NEC’s Light Speed Experiments 25:42 #7 Temporal Double Split Experiment 31:14 Startling Implications 33:44 Can Information Travel Backwards in Time? 35:20 Quantum Entanglement 37:28 Fuzzy Properties 38:22 #8 The Bell Experiment 45:52 #9 Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser 50:58 Outro Alex, you can paste these timestamps into the description to create Chapters in the seek bar.
Yes þat would be cool. Surprisingly low likes on your comment so here's a like and comment.🎉
thank you
@@impaler331 It's because I finished almost a week later, @syiunshi made her comment on the day of upload, but there were significant problems with hers (like unprofessional titles and jumbled up order), so I decided to do it properly myself. The 'low' engagement is a reflection of the fact that viewership tails off after the first few days of upload.
Thank you so much. I almost just closed the window at 2 minutes in because the intro was boringly slow. This schematic keeps me around for a little longer probably. Edit: I stopped watching again. too many sidesteps that are not important. I gave up.
@@dreamsagaofficial It's not a documentary, though. It's a compilation of videos that were originally separate, so it's perfectly valid to watch them in multiple sessions. Further, not everyone has the prior knowledge to understand the complicated experiments first time 'round. The reason why I bothered to manually create chapters was a) I fell asleep to this the first time round without pausing, so it would've come in handy to pick up where I left off, and b) someone had done it poorly (no offence to the person who was only trying to help), which irked me.
I did a small study on light for my reef aquarium and the symbiotic zooxanthellae algae many corals need to feed on. Coral bleaching is _not_ caused by too warm water, it is caused by lack of light that starves the algae and it doesn't take much light blocking pollution to do it. But the wavelengths of light that was needed for corals tended more towards the blue range as blue light has the most energy. This was before the availability of full spectrum LEDs and we used a blue actinic fluorescent bulb. You look at colors underwater and the first light to go is red as it has the least energy. Have you ever seen water off a boat that looked green, but when you put your hand in the water it was clear? That can tell you the depth of the water you're in is about 30 feet and the light reflected back to you is green as well. 60 feet is about as deep as green goes, then it's all blue and purple is the last color you see. You see the same effect looking at the side of a thick pane of glass. All this about light and yet there are no green stars, but their light is a result of temperature. All those bleached out corals have recovered by the way and are doing fine.
tq for your knowledge
:-) Thank you also for "All those bleached out corals have recovered by the way and are doing fine."
Hmmm, why aren't there any green stars?...
@@joshuasukup2488 As temperature goes up it goes from red, orange, yellow, white and the hottest stars are blue. No green, but white light is made up of red green and blue. All colors come from those three.
@@ingathomas6653 Funny how they don't report about the recovery isn't it?
This video is truly a gift. I wasn't expecting to watch until the end but got so hooked that didn't want it to finish even after one hour. I learned so much in concepts that I never thought would be able to grasp and were made so comprehensive. Appreciate the effort in doing it!
Viewing all the fundamental particles and light as each being it’s own field takes out all the strangeness honestly. There is non”spooky action” at a distance when it’s just one entire field connected to itself.
VEINY PUERTO RICAN KOK FORCED INTO A WATERMELON AND IT BLASTED THE WATERMELON IN THE ASS!
My brother and I don't get to see each other a lot anymore. And our lives have changed a bit so it's harder to find things to talk about/relate too. However, it's often that one of us will watch an episode and find it so interesting we have to call/text and have a conversation about the video and topic.
Cherish those moments and take every chance you can to reconnect. Never know when it’ll be your last, I’ve lost 2 of my brothers and I regret not reaching out more. I regret it everyday
How wonderful ❤ I used to do the same with my brother, he was taken way too soon from this world, but he will always be a part of mine ❤
Astrum; Keepin' the love alive. That would be a great motto for the channel.
Thanks guys, :)
Re-watching reference: Warning 0:00 Preface - 1:04 Double Slit Experiment - 3:22 Photoelectric Effect - 5:26 Hey, I can still see the letters :) - 12:51 Interlude - 17:36 Light Speed is not Constant 18:30 Three-Polarizer Paradox - 11:22 Hau Light Speed Experiments - 22:17 NEC Light Speed Experiment - 22:53 Break Time - 33:00 Time Slits Experiment - 26:03 (someone should transcribe the results of this experiment into the visible light range so we can see how the frequency is affected before our eyes) Bell Experiment - 38:26 Delayed Choice Test - 46:14 Btw light might just be the result of EM waves interfering with itself as well as the waves involved with the observance of it, and at these heightened moments of energy the overlapping is perceived by us as light being a particle. Or perhaps it's analogous to a reflection, like when the sun catches you off a car's windshield Is this a reupload? :)
Is it possible to include a 3rd phase on the delayed choice gate? with a 3rd detector (still only reflect or not on the first gate, so 2 phases)
A bunch of clips in this video have appeared in previous Astrum videos, and are being reused here.
Why did you put it in some weird order?
It's a supercut! This weird light series was written with the intention to put the individual episodes into one long episode afterwards, and this is the end result.
Exist enial ? Who is reading it?
Officer: "Do you know how fast you were going?" Electron: "Just a moment, let me check..." Electron: "3,141Km/Hr." Officer: "You just made that up, didn't you." Electron: "So?" Officer: ...
This is the greatest joke of all time. Did you make it up?
Marvelous, well paced explanations about the doings of light thanks for pulling it out!
I almost didn't watch it because i foolishly didn't think I'd learn something and didn't want to spend almost an hour to find out. I had not heard of 2 of these experiments, but more important than that, the ones i have heard of were explained here better than I've seen before and i felt i learned something from all of them. Incredibly well presented! Bravo
If you gotta poo...make it a stinky poo. The stinkiest poo's...are sometimes the most satisfying 😌 💩
I had a 51-minute video about a Mars rock in my sidebar for a couple weeks last year. Yeah, I'm not going to sit through that much video on a rock, but in morbid curiosity, I clicked... Then, I watched the entire thing, was deeply entertained and learned stuff, and have been a subscriber since. Welcome to the club!
@@mattstone8878 Fool
Check out the books by Phil Hine
I knew about the double slit but not in regards to TIME! Blithering babooshkas!
Dude I swear to God, it is 3:37am at the time of writing this, and I just picked up a burrito from a place I go every now and again. I was just about to take a bite of it at the 33:54 mark of the video and I legit stopped and put it down. I'm not eating it. That literally exploded my already exploded brain. That was the most synchroninistic thing I've ever experienced in my life... 😂😂😂😂
50:51 I'm going to the casino at this point. 😂😂😂😂
Yeah... the universe is a joker.
One explosion saved another from occurring elsewhere in your body... potentially... I bet you ate it anyway ;)
@@Weelki eventually my fatass succumbed to the burrito but not until the next day 😂
@@NefariousTV This is the way.
Hi Alex, greetings from Oxford. I’m 58, I am fascinated by physics. The duality of particles is mind boggling. Anyone who says they understand quantum physics/mechanics is lying, either they have a superficial understanding, or none at all! Great minds have pondered this perplexing behaviour for decades. Then there is superposition and entanglement. What we do know is that the mechanisms that run our universe are currently incomprehensible to the human mind.
Well said sir..however I will say that I am very grateful for all the brilliant minds who over the decades have tried to shed light on the nature of light..I'm just a lay person who also loves physics..but understanding it is very difficult for me...btw just for info, at the 35:49 mark the correct name should be John Stewart Bell, not Steward, perhaps just misspelled. An excellent video to look at if you care...EINSTEIN'S QUANTUM RIDDLE..I enjoyed it thoroughly.
Anyone who says they understand 😂 it’s not that hard to understand you changed the experiment by observing it? Schrödinger cat mate you should not make so many assumptions
If you can get past what you think about other people… you might know we can see the same event twice…. So fabric of time can have different paths. The same light has reached us at different times. I wouldn’t want too be 58 and be so narrow minded and at the same time be enlightened by my own thoughts and opinions
I think we just haven't invented the correct sensors to properly observe light and quantum entangled particles. Like how our eyes can't see the shorter wavelengths of light. It's there, but we can't see it with the default sensors.
Could you please explain how two random particles are entangled or known to be entangled for the experiment? And can there be entanglement between more than two particles? And which particles are these?
I think light is like elastic, but instead of stretching in space, it stretches in time. Every photon is tethered at one end at the beginning of time, and at the other end the end of time, and is stretched, like a rubber band, between these two points, but it simultaneously exists along the entire timeline.
Interesting theory to dive in 🤔
I have a different theory of my own but it's difficult to explain in a comment section but I do discuss it with friends that are aligned towards astronomy.
Most electromagnetic phenomena are elastic interactions actually, the vibration of a photon has no damping and is therefor an idealized elastic phenomena
That sounds wrong (so it might be right) mainly because if the photon exists on the entire timeline, why don’t we see ALL photons at once ?
@@nicodesmidt4034 mate im still stuck on "how on earth is this table made of atoms when i can feel it "
I used to work with radar and I found light to be one of the most fascinating and complicated subjects.
All types of radar? What's your opinion of Radar Love?
You would know how radar detects a ship far over the horizon. Does radar 'bend' somehow?
@@jthepickle7 Put the radar transmitter/receiver on a pole.
@@jthepickle7it doesn’t bend, but reflects. It’s know as (over the horizon) radar. They reflect the radar beam off the ionosphere.
I assume electricity also bent your wits. I'm convinced that nobody understands it but just has handy procedures to manage it, somewhat.
Amazing explanation. Loved it. Will watch it multiple times again to fully comprehend
I've got to watch this a few times, and sleep on it before I've got a chance of getting to grips with the problem. A great post, mind blowing.
One of my key takeaways is - To test / to detect means to interfere. You cannot look at a light without blocking it. You cannot observe anything by any method without affecting the result. Also particles in space do get affected by the space itself. Particles we fail to detect as of yet are still traveling through our detectable particles and affecting them, potentially causing the entanglement. We're still breaking down particles into their consituents and are hitting serious limits with testing equipment, as to detect increasingly smaller and weaker energy emited by those particles becomes near impossible. I heard that the light appearing to travel back in time was caused by error in testing environment/methodology.
My thoughts exactly. Light may not be interferring with the past but the limitations of our tech give that impression
"Light thinks it travels faster than anything but it is wrong. No matter how fast light travels, it finds the darkness has always got there first, and is waiting for it." - Terry Pratchett
Agreed, My way of saying it is " When God said"Let there be light it was already dark"
1 candle of light and darkness flees!
Yes dark is the absence of light
Awesome video! Truly one of my favorites in a long time now. Thank you for putting together this high quality content. Liked and subscribed to your channel.
7:48 I would love to know how it’s possible to emit a single photon at a time. Video idea!
Neutral density filters?
@@chudleyflusher7132 I’m not sure what those are but it sounds good. :)
@@stephanieparker1250 According to ChatGPT: ND filters don't apply here. To generate individual photons, one common method is Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion (SPDC), where a high-energy photon splits into two lower-energy entangled photons. By controlling experimental conditions, these photon pairs can be emitted sequentially. Another approach involves using atoms or molecules in excited states, which can emit individual photons as they return to lower energy states. These methods require precise control and often involve optical devices like beam splitters and mirrors. Detection systems are crucial for identifying and recording individual photons. Overall, creating controlled conditions and manipulating quantum states are key to generating and observing individual photons.
@@chudleyflusher7132Q-36 Space Modulator. Or can we say any 3 words with 0 context and pass it off as information?
They just politely ask photon to behave.
There isn’t a word that accurately describes how cool this video is.
Bro donated a money to a AI science spam content farm 💀
I believe the word was "existennial"
Brilliant? :D
Illuminating? :D :D
@@BoxOfCurryoswhat are you on about
This videos taught me more than any of my school and college physics about light. Brilliant. Keep up the good work.
Keep in mind that while we observe the Photon to travel at the speed of causality, from the Photons perspective the "speed" is Infinite. no time passes for the photon itself. the photon cant mesure any time between its departure and arrival. departure and arival happen at the same time therefore if you send 2 photons at different points in time that are close enough to each other they can interfere and seem to interefere with the past because WE experience time.
So because the photon is chrono dialated to the point time is at a standstill when observing it we lock it into a defined path therefore it was always that way? How does this work when going through mediums that slow the speed of light?
This is a good question and if i could answer it with ease, i would not work as an automechanic but as a quanto mechanic 😂
@@carcarcool6262there is a theory that light is slowed down in materials because light is basically moving waves of electromagnetic fields which interfere with the electrons which have their electromagnetic fields of their own. when light passes through materia, an electromagnetic wave in opposit direction is created which Shows slows down the light.
@@carcarcool6262 a photon is basically a wave packet in the electromagnetic field. In vacuum there is nothing that interacts with that wave -> C. In matter there are protons and electrons moving. Moving charges have their own Interaction with electromagnetic fields. a passing excitment with "A" frequency a (photon) hasnt a free path but hast to interact with the charges in that Medium with the frequency "B". Laying over those frequencys with A>>B we get frequency C somewere inbetween A>C>B. Slower frequency, means slower passing through.
i used to work with cement. its obviously quadrillions of particles. but it also acts like water when theres a large amount of it. it can produce waves when severely disturbed. you can even drown in it if you fell into a silo of it. so perhaps massive amounts of very very small particles can act as waves. that would make photon particles in bulk act as waves. so perhaps light is waves of particles
Single photons have wavelike properties
@@paulryan94 ?
@@Dennistube001 You say "so perhaps light is waves of particles". This is not true. Single photon experiments show that the wavelike properties of light can be ascribed to the single photons themselves. And so the wavelike properties of light are not an emergent phenomenon of an ensemble of particles.
@@paulryan94 ?. the wave patterns seen from the double slit exp are not caused by 1 photon. more like an acumilation of particle hits leaving a pattern. yet i see it says Each photon behaves like a wave. so thats a total existence falure of my logic.
@@Dennistube001 there are double slit and other experiments that use single photons. This is of central importance to QM. The individual photons/ electrons/ etc act as waves or particles.
I have seen so many videos on this subject. This one nicely summarises the main experimental outcomes. There is still so much to be understood with quantum mechanics.
There is no law of quantum mechanics except orbits being quantized.....Since primary mechanism of light production happens to be jumping electrons across orbits, light happens to be quantized but doesn't have to be. Radio & microwaves r equally EM waves ie light waves, but they aren't quantized. They never say a photon of radio wave. We must do these light tests on these invisible waves.
Thank you for making this supercut! :) i got stuck on one of them months ago but now, seeing the bigger picture, even i can understand:)
Delayed choice has been creamating my brain for the past decade. Glad you covered it. Really does trash your morale when you think you can outsmart it.
Ahhh..the pros n cons of over- thinking
Creamating is not a word, but should be.
it is not backwards time traveling
@@Special1122 didn't say it was
I don't understand the confusion. Waves propagate until they are measured. So, surely, the wave propagates down both routes in all scenarios. When there is only one detector, the probability distribution collapses to a single detector with 50/50 probability when it reaches the defectors. When you introduce a second beam splitter after the wave has propagated through the first, the wave interacts with it when it reaches it and its probability distribution is affected accordingly. What am I missing?
Even the speed of light in a vacuum isn't completely consistent, Sheldrake talks about this and makes it abundantly clear.
I remember hearing that photosynthesis can be so efficient because photons might try multiple paths simultaneously . It picks the best path.
Great video, loved how you explained so complicated experiments!
I like how light and sound is telling me about how light and sound can work and it doesn't even know the full answer itself.
I'm usually pretty decent at grasping some of these larger physics concepts, especially considering it's not like I've gone to college and actively studied it. But man that Delayed Choice segment was truly the "No f**king shot!" moment for me. Like nah, throw away everything I thought I knew after that
This is brilliant! Stunning presentation! Quantum entanglement is truly mystifying, and it is making me wonder if there may be a field that is even more basic than space-time onto which everything else emerges.
That last one makes sense to me (the delayed choice). It would be weird if it didn't react to the second beam splitter. Look at it from the light's perspective. Moving at velocity c as light famously does, the lorentz factor is infinite (the universe's divide by zero error). This means light doesn't experience time. From the reference frame of the light, it is emitted and absorbed in the same instant. The splitter being added or removed can't occur between chronologically. It's everything all at once with light.
This is exactly what I was thinking, but I'm no physicist.
Yes, I wanted to add the same comment. There is no before, or after, from the perspective of the light. Same thing explains the time split experiment. If you send two photons one after the other, they can still create the interference pattern as time does not exist for them.
I got high as hell one day and just.... Realised this on my own. And then I got really freaked out, because yeah, to light, everything is instant. And my mind broke as I realised time is a lie based on perception.... Weed and physics together is fun. :D
In that case I wonder what the results would be if tested in a dense medium such as glass or that cloud mentioned earlier in the video.
The speed of light is non constant and might be slowed down dramatically, the experiment might have been executed on these conditions
After doing physics many years ago at school and always had an interest in this stuff I’d recently started to wonder just how long is a photon. I found a great video by HuygensOptics puzzling the same question, he did a fantastic vid about this explaining about the dual slit and duality. Basically the photon is actually huge, it is definitely not a point like particle, it’s a wave that occupies a large area as it propagates through space, I.e. the electromagnetic wave is oscillating in two directions, if this is interrupted it then collapses to a point. This explains why a single photon can pass through both slits and interfere with itself. Watch his video it cleared up a lot for me, but as we all know light is insanely nonsensical
I love you
I concur! HuygensOptics seems to me to demystify the duality. Basically, an electromagnetic wave is spread (unequally) in space and can vary in magnitude continuously following the inverse square rule. BUT - to interact with a highly localized atom or molecule, it is all or none - a quantum event that happens or doesn't, and follows the probabilties of quantum mechanics. It is the receptor atom that has quantum & highly localized properties, not the wave.
Wander or wonder? Was that just a typo?
@@MGForums fingers and a whiskey lol
Exactly - I realized this 30 years ago, as there's no way to produce a single wave in any medium. Unfortunately this produces a lot of brain farts, like this video - explaining "the obvious" in obscure and illogical ways. Nature is always extremely simple when we actually learn the basics, so forget about time travel and entanglement, this is just the human mind getting carried away...
Excellent video, great explanations! Loved it. Many thanks
LIGHT DELAYED INTERFERENCE PROBABLE REASONS: 1st Light visible response faded had faded when u fired 2nd laser but light's invisible response (just like after switching off burner visible flame plate stays warm, but warmth is invisible) was lingering & caused interference pattern.
Thank you so much for all of your amazing AND frequent videos.
The delayed choice experiment doesn't actually violate causality (go back in time), that's just a common misunderstanding of the experimental setup/results.
how so?
@@liranxs I can't vouch for Ryan's assertion, but Sabine Hossenfelder's video on the topic is the best example of that argument.
Isn't all of this just misunderstanding. Every time he makes partials think/feel/decide/want, it just irks the hell out of me. The efforts of this world to make us all "stupider" astounds me. Throw out all of the assumptions and untruths. why do they make up these narratives. Simple answer is they have nothing of substance to say but they still need funding...
Wow great video, great references n questions. Easy listening vioce. Thanks for your time
Thank you for shedding more light on the subject.
Awesome😂
What if we ran the last experiment using the double splitter test slowing down the light particle using the ultracold cloud. Could we observe the test at a slower pace?
smart suggestion but that beam of light will act as a photon ( particle ) since its wave function will collapse by our act on it
@@Mel-jf9gxinteresting!
This is one of the best videos. I love this guys grounded yet wondrous infatuation with the universe.
There's one problem... The double slit experiment was being observed both times otherwise no one would know the results.
Surface Interaction, is the process by which molecules or atoms on the surface of a material interact with external stimuli, such as light, other particles, or electromagnetic radiation. It is thought to be the prime reason behind light’s behavior, in the double slit experiment.
The most attractive explanation (to me) for all of this is the simulation hypothesis. Yes it just kicks the can farther down the road, but what physics doesn’t?
how is checking all paths by light more efficient than simply one straight path
Thank you, Alex! I'm glad I can watch this over and over so it'll sink in. 😊
Finally after many videos of trying to understand what kind of observation is "when observed".... this video clears it up with example and simple language. People just accepted that "when observed".... but I couldn't figure out the who or what observe and how..... Anyway, thanks for the video, could sleep well now. :)
Wow! This was just great! Thank you so much. Greatly appreciated!
Agreed!
Some of this reminds me of watching extremely high speed footage of lightning or plasma trickling down looking for the path of least resistance. Mind boggling! No soon had I written this comment Alex mentioned lightning as an analogy. This episode is really deep and I absolutely love it!🙃
Oh, you too lol It's fascinating... most lightning starts from the ground up, not from the sky towards the ground. I guess that is besides the point but... When it comes to light, I think, it may not be the "enforcer" in its situation, but rather as a string being plucked - by something, _someone._ But how does one "end" go from "dark" to "light" ... this is when I started thinking about lightning
@@SebHaarfagre oh you get it for sure! I like that. Merry Christmas 🎄
@@SebHaarfagreThe Aether
As a photographer. Thank you for making this. It explains a lot.
Now you can make better photos
photons = magic
agreed! I try to do magic every day via some melted down sand thing infront of a computer thing and hopefully its in focus. @@covert0overt_810
There is one experiment which showed the _expectation_ of the person firing the photon affected whether a wave or particle hit the sensor. When triggerd by a random computer, they got 50/50. When intentionally triggered by people they got whatever was expected. The photon seemingly responding to expectations. I don't have access to resources to find it again though. I miss having jStor and Nature.
My only understanding of this subject has been from watching yt videos when they pop up. Please forgive my lack of understanding. But how about this as a basic hypothesis: Your measuring equipment is affecting the behavior of light. Look closer at the photons and you'll find they have an off-centre wobble. Kind of like a bicycle wheel with a heavy weight on one side. It will naturally result in a wave form even if only 1 photon is sent. The 'testing mechanism' stops/settles the wobble. Therefore, it will show as a settled photon when tested and a wave when not tested. What affects the wobble? Well, so far, all I can tell is it has something to do with the apparatus you're testing which slit the photon is passing through. And I can see its possible to re-start the wobble through a 2nd testing apparatus (as per the results of that last test). Thank you for a wonderful episode that makes it possible to try wrap my head around something that I have so little understanding of!
You are a great teacher, Alex. I don't know what you do outside of KZhead, but you have a wonderful knack for explaining the absurdity of the universe. I thoroughly enjoy your videos.
Oh come on, you call it observing but in reality, you are checking the light with an instrument that changes the energy of the photon, it has nothing to do with actual observation like watching it from a human perspective.
@@Rudyard_Stripling Just admit that you didn't understand the video, FFS. Because you didn't.
You are the one who can't understand the difference between taking a measurement and observing. You are clueless and easily fooled. Boy, Was I Wrong! How the Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser Really works Arvin Ash 917K subscribers Join Subscribed @@ProfessorJayTee
@@Rudyard_Stripling You do realize that your eyes are an instrument, right?
Einstein was the biggest scientific fraud in history.
Always seems to me when I am learning about this stuff that space is probably just as relative as time. Nothing knows what its supposed to be until it interacts with something else and what it is seems to be partially determined by what it's interacting with.
Boy, Was I Wrong! How the Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser Really works Arvin Ash 917K subscribers
reality is only rendered on demand thus conserving energy - no one needs a reality if there is no one around. It would be creepy as well. Some reality just sitting there unobserved is going to spawn some ultra reality for its fun.
@@kparker2430 That's what the My Big T.O.E. guy thinks is going on. That implies that reality is a construct of the mind. Seems plausible but I guess we won't ever really know.
@@aregeebee201 ok
Perfect video to fall asleep! Thank you!
Since primary mechanism of light production is jumping electrons across orbits, light just happens to be quantized but doesn't have to be. Radio & microwaves r equally EM waves ie light waves, but they aren't quantized. They never say a photon of radio wave. We must do these light tests on these invisible waves.
32:40 I think it's not "time" but the "4th dimension" itself where light is sneaking through, an actual physical dimension we humans cannot perceive, yet. Light is merely stepping "sideways" from 3rd to 4th dimension and returning to reach its destination. To us, it appears as light going through time, when in reality is sneaking through another path of less resistance, just like water does.
I have a sneaking suspicion that this is correct, at least inasmuch as there's something wonky and completely baffling about electromagnetism in general.
I've been looking for other people who also think that time is a spatial dimension for decades. So, in your opinion, is that what you believe or is the 4th dimension something besides time? I believe so because of the information I got before and the instant my sister died in 77. And since then I've, also, thought that it would explain the double slit exp. and behavior of electrons, and probably the instantaneous nature of gravity and the electric force. But so far, every one who believes in higher spacial dimensions makes it a religious issue. And standard theory has the time dimension as some other thing. But I have been thinking that time is a spacial dimension for a long time.
@@fleetwoodbeechbum "Time" is abstract, I do not think time to be a dimension at all, but the 4th dimension would be a fully an actual physical one we cannot perceive, yet we exist within it. Think of it this way, lower dimensions can exist within our 3-dimensional universe, we can draw a dot on a piece of paper, a line, a circle. A 3-dimensional being can explain "height" to a 2-dimensional being, but make him/her understand it is another matter. (No point of reference.) So by this logic, our 3-dimensional universe exists within a 4th or 5th physical dimensional universe, and light is one of those little exceptions to the rule, so it sneaks through dimensions as it travels, but becomes fixed as it's measured. We humans, think ourselves "advanced" we can perceive the 3 dimensions in our universe, but we are very limited, we can walk forwards and backwards, left or right, but we have very limited capacity to move up or down, heck, birds and fish beat us by moving in 3 dimensions far more easily than us, it is very likely that birds and fish have a very small perception of the 4th dimension, since they have a far better grasp of the 3rd dimension than us. If you ever see someone walk through a wall without breaking it, try to ask that person what dimension he or she or it came from, since it moved 'sideways' to pass through the wall.
@@LoneTiger The only genuinely 2-dimensional "thing" I can think of is a shadow.
Well, light travels at the speed of light, so relativity tells us that it experiences no time. Fast through space, slow through time.
What if light is in a higher dimension, and it only intersects when it interacts with our physical reality? So its not about how fast lights "move", its about how fast our dimensions can interact with it. Like a framerate of the universe, if you will. It can potentially be anywhere (and maybe it is, in a higher dimension), but our experience of it is limited by the intersection and time of our physical dimensions. It looks like a particle, because that is the intersection. But like a hole in a paper target, the bullet going through it is not actually the shape of the hole. It has a length and a tip, which you cannot tell from the hole in the paper where it penetrated. The same way, our dimensions cannot tell the full shape of the light, because we can't experience more than our 3 dimensions (4 if you count time). Because of time, it looks random. And we can't go back in time, so we can't say if it would be the same if we did the same measurement over. Since time is always passing, every measurement measures a different part.
i like how that theory can be brilliant or absolutely hilarious :) we will never know
Some good weed?
Interesting
There are no "higher" dimensions
@@AverageAlien classic alien, always correcting people as if they too got to see the Flormb dimension 😒 nothing's higher when you've got to see it all
Im pretty sure for the one experiment that; up, up, down, down, left, right, left, right, select, start is the correct sequence to give light particles an extra 30 lives!
Well said , very clear explanation. Thank you.
Has anyone ever done a delayed choice experiment concurrently with the time slit experiment? Maybe the frequency shift would also occur when the photon "travels back" through the original splitter?
I believe they have, and even have a computer randomly decide AFTER the test to decide for us whether or not we become an observer. Still didn't trick it. It's wild lol
The double split experiment is the most misunderstood experiment in physics. The problem is in the detection, they say "simply by observing it it changes" That's an incorrect description of what happens though. Let's say me and you are in a dark room with absolutely no light. I'm in the corner making no sound. How would you know I'm there? You would have to find a way to detect me. The easiest way would be to turn a light on. Hey look! I'm over there! The problem is In order to see me, you had to touch me. You had to bounce photons off of me and then receive them. So by the very nature of observing something you have to perturb it. By doing so you change it collapsing the wave function. It's not observing the data that changes it it's the sensor being on that changes it.
@@Aaronjpolk no it isn't though. It's a huge anomaly in quantum physics and if it was as simple as 'oh equipment changes it from wave to particle' they would have realized. The sensor does not pick it up until information has already been processed (in this case, photons have already passed through the slit). The sensor is picking up on the wave/photon AFTER the slit, but the photon is 'deciding' its move BEFORE the slit. So if it was changed from wave to particle after sensor, and not the slit, we would have completely different results. Example being photons dispersed in areas that should be shadows, if it was changed due to the post-slit sensor.
@@oldmanballs787 you stopped making sense after "the sensor is picking up on the wave/photon AFTER the slit" That is absolutely wrong even though this video points it out. Stop watching KZhead hits for your physics information.
@@oldmanballs787 from the most recent published paper on Harvard EDU "younge's double split with quantum eraser" "In our previous paper1 we pointed out that, strictly speak- ing, we are not detecting single photons of light but rather single photoelectrons liberated by the light impinging on the detector; this is still true in the present experiment." Tell us your "physics" education is from KZhead without telling us.
The way I think of light being a wave function that collapses when it interacts with anything is that I imagine a lightning bolt. When lightning begins to spread from the cloud, it travels in multiple directions at once. If it's heading towards the ground, it will form the familiar reverse-tree-like pattern. However, once it connects, the entire charge rushes through the established path, ignoring all the other branches it created along the way.
Sounds good.
Lighting starts from the ground…..
@@thomasmyers9128 No.
@@thomasmyers9128 not really, but that doesn't matter. There is a volume of air through which the ionization propagates until one path connects the cloud to the ground, at which point the entire charge that was spreading through the air rushes into the established path. In a sense, the lightning is like a wave that is traveling through the air and collapses into a single path upon contact. It's not a scientifically accurate conparison but that's the best description I can think of.
From inception, you have failed. Lightning is a collapse. Not a ground to cloud bolt of fiction. You're not in Kindergarten anymore. *"reverse-tree-like pattern" You mean a Fractal?
many TNX for this video! i am > 50y old and have been fascinated by quantum mechanics from school time on but i am not a physician. Certainly i knew of the double slit experiment, but to be honest i did not know of the experiment with the 3 polarisation lenses. This video is the first explaination that really broadens my understanding of quantum physics slightly, especially when you lalked about not being able to have half a photon and that the prhoton would snap into a discrete state when being observed. Though there is not one single formular or complex maths when trying to imagine that idea, it does make the acceptance of quantum mechanics a lot clearer, at least to me!
Nothing like a litte late night with an Astrum video.
Thanks for shedding some.......light on the matter.
OH MAN, Look at the middle "lens" at exactly 13:54 and be amazed as you pause it and stare and the lines WIGGLE!! (These are the distractions I have to deal with while learning about light polarisation!)
Best I can figure when the light is projected, there’s a lot of “dark” (undetected) waves being projected as well and that’s what the light interferes with. The interference only occurs if the waves line up, so when the delayed splitter is added, the light and dark waves line up again, whereas without it they’re traveling in different directions so there’s no interference.
I love listening to Alex, his gentle, smiling voice is wholesome and relaxing. Much needed after the hectic day is done. Thank you, Alex 🥰
Trueeee
I often imagine him narrating murder mysteries.
But he said existinial in stead of existential in the intro. Besides that, good narrator for sure.
This is one of the best explanations I’ve seen for the polarizing experiment.
I suspect this guy's descriptions might be hotly contested by elite exerimental physicists.
I'm absolutely impressed by your video! Well done 👏
I know almost nothing or nothing about just about everything but ever since hearing about Quantum Entanglement many years ago it's just boggled my mind
"Existinial dread" eh? Even though I occasionally heard the word clandestine, when I read it, which was fairly often starting from an early age, I read it as _candlestine._ It wasn't until I was about 26 that I realized the correct pronunciation, and that the word I had been hearing was the same one I was reading─despite also knowing they had the same meaning.
This caught my attention too. I'm so easily annoyed when I come across these misspellings and mispronunciations (particularly when apostrophes are involved). Oh well...
this has to be the most exhilarating video I have seen in years. Thank you for making it simple to visualize excellent entertainment for the mind Definitely subscribed
Reality can be divided into two parts, quantum level and classical level, so when time moves in one direction on one it travels in both direction in the other. This makes reality have two faces, in one it is probabilistic and in the other deterministic. During light propagation, entropy travels in both directions, so delayed choice makes sense. But in classical level entropy travels in only one direction and laws of physics are different than the laws of the quantum reality. This is much like SUPER SYMETRY.
Really cool video! Thanks so much for making it! How I wish that science was taught like this when I was at school!!!
Fantastic Channel. Just discovered this gem and 51 minutes later I am properly befuddled! Thanks again!
If you want to un-befuddle yourself, I recommend Sabine Hossenfelder’s video on the Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser.
I find this being one of thousands of trash channels of which videos are just filled with stock video clips. Utter trash, waste of time. I'd move to Sabine Hossenfelder also, no stock video clips..
16:43 “we are apparently all driven by probability, if you scale things down small enough” seems there may be a requirement for collective observation, particles observing each other, hinting at quantum consciousness
it reminded me of the book and TV series "His Dark Materials" where there is a substance/particle called "Dust" which has conciousness
@38:10 yes it would make a sound. The sound affects the position of so many particles, it would become impossible to separate it's effects from the particles of your brain, even if you never register it through your ears.
Newton: calculations with three bodies are causing me serious issues! Young: I'm having lots of fun with two slits.
I think the double-slit experiment results have something to do with how the detectors at the slits actually detect the photons. It seems to me that you can't detect anything without somehow redirecting some level of energy from the thing you're detecting. Whatever that energy is gets siphoned off the photon by the detector leaving a particle remnant. I don't know. You're right - this does kind of hurt my brain.
That still doesnt explain the last experiment
@@maxveldman2789 I'll google what a beam splitter is and get back to you.
Yes, it does.Oh come on, you call it observing but in reality, you are checking the light with an instrument that changes the energy of the photon, it has nothing to do with actual observation like watching it from a human perspective. @@maxveldman2789
Wave, Particle Duality, Better explanation? It is only an idea on my part but it goes something like this: 1. Charged particles have their associated magnetic fields with them. 2. Protons and electrons are charged particles and have their associated magnetic fields with them. 3. Photons also have both an electrical and magnetic components to them. 4. Whenever a proton, electron, or photon is shot out of a gun, it's respective magnetic field interacts with the magnetic fields of the electrons in the atoms and molecules of the gun itself, the medium the projectile is traveling through (ie: air), and/or from around the slits themselves. 5. Via QED (quantum electrodynamics), newly generated photons might occur. 6. The projectile goes on it's own way and the newly generated photons go on their own way. It gives the illusion of a wave particle duality, but it is not that way in actual reality. 7. Specifically in the case of protons or electrons, the newly generated EM wave travels faster than the particles. The new EM waves go through both slits and sets up "hills and valleys" of field energy. When the proton or electron goes through one of the slits, it then follows whatever "valley" it enters thereby over time, even shooting only one proton or one electron at a time, the interference pattern will still emerge. 8. As far as detectors are concerned, they probably have an energy field that is one way when on and a different way when off. The interaction of this energy field (or the lack thereof) with whatever is passing through it, gives the indication that is observed. Now, for those who hold fast to reality being probability waves that are condensed down by an observer into one single physical reality, then: a. What exactly are these probability waves made up of? b. Where exactly are these probability waves stored at until they are observed? c. How exactly does an observer in physical reality actually observe these probability waves and condense them down into one single physical reality? d. Who and/or what observed the first observer? e. What exactly happens when two or more observers observe different probability waves? Which one takes precedent in physical reality? For me, while this observer condensing probability waves down into one single physical reality might work well on paper, it does not appear to reflect actual reality. Now, utilizing the scientific principal of Occam's razor, which way is more probably correct? My way by utilizing known scientific principals, or that is as discerned on paper as stated above is how reality actually is?
Boy, Was I Wrong! How the Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser Really works Arvin Ash 917K subscribers
Water is also a surprisingly weird thing. That's 2 examples of things we thought were very simple, but it turns out they're not. We should learn from this that maybe DNA and life itself are beyond humanity's ability to comprehend, tinkering with it will always lead to unintended consequences.
It’s like following the totality of fan blades as they move (waves); then, focus on one blade as they move (particle)… an example of “waves and particles”) on a scale observed, by most of us, experience in the reality in which we live.
Literally freezing light, and making it come to a complete stop Blew My Mind. But knowing it could regan the energy it lost... and continue the same path BLEW MY MIND!
again
If not faster, as well, which is so odd
Great episode : ) The time double slit was performed recently with galaxies and millions of ly's distance/time and same results... as currently hypothesized by some scientists, photons travels millions of light years in the past.... Agree, we don't know what's going on.
Oh come on, you call it observing but in reality, you are checking the light with an instrument that changes the energy of the photon, it has nothing to do with actual observation like watching it from a human perspective.
Yep, one of the seemingly impossible problems to solve. And it may well be impossible for us. @@Rudyard_Stripling
That’s what I thought at first
The best argument against equating "wave" and "light" is the fact that a wave is not a thing, a wave is what something does. aka, wave is a verb not a noun when it comes to light. Thanks Ken Wheeler.
A wave is definitely a thing. In fact there is nothing that isn't energy i.e. waves.
@@alindegren6144 "thing" is probably too general since an emotion can be a "thing". But, my point is, as Alan Watts pointed out 50 years ago, a wave is a "waving" of something, not really a static object with properties like resting mass
Great work, such a demonstration of what you have practice with the videos you made before … sick sleek and sexy lesson here.
@31:00 Seems like light moves at the speed of time and want's to keep synchronized with it. So you should be able to move faster than the speed of time only if you slow relative time down, you don't need to travel faster than light.
is it only me that feels the video like a dejavoo. it feels like i've watched it just yesterday...
Because it's a supercut. You might very well have watched parts of it before.
The fundamental question raised in the first experiment is, "How do the particles know they are being observed or not?"
That is very well settled science, observing makes the photon interact with the outside world which collapses the probability wave function. It is not the observation itself, it is the interaction that causes the photon to take a definite path.
It sure is. While there may be useful mathematical equations regarding the phenomenon that seem to have predictive value they're not descriptive to the layman. What's the difference between observation and interaction?
@@d4vidd but how is it aware it's been interacted with?
It doesn't "know", it's reacting to other photons hitting hit when you observe it. When you're looking at something, it requires photons being sent and received. If nothing is being sent, you don't "see" it. But if you do see it, the photons are interacting with each other.
@@GabeHiggins the how would a single photon be acted upon by itself.
Regarding the second experiment: In aerodynamics we know that particles of air (if that is what they are) will arrive at the front of a wing at the same time, and travel different speeds over or under the wing, but will arrive at the trailing edge of the wing at the same time. This means the air particles travelling over the top of the wing, which is a longer curved distance than the bottom must accelerate PRECISELY enough to meet back up with the particle of air that they were separated from at the leading edge of the wing. This property and the continuation of the particle / wave debate existing in air and gasses as well as light. And This same principle works in alternating current electricity (AC). Pulse of AC electricity travel from source to demand (light or motor or whatever device) at 60 pulses per second. This is irrespective of wattage, voltage or amperage. (Think width, height and speed). And to make matters both more unifying with other physical realms and much less predictable in general, these 60 pulses per second WILL occur no matter how far the source is from the demand. (Source from the light let's say). If the distance from the source to the light is 1 foot or 100 miles, the pulses will arrive at 60 pulses per second. I think the constancy and unpredictability of energy and matter (energy in a different state) has both absolute rules and freedom to act unpredictably but withing a certain constant that I interpret as consciousness, which may be the "man behind the curtain". This awareness operates withing clearly recognizable terms but also as of yet entirely ungraspable rules that seem to have an entirely different dimension outside the one we can see. This jives well with Dark Matter and Dark Energy, as we can see the work, but not the worker, and at least at a subatomic level, this same worker can clearly see us not matter what angle we try to approach it from. We can know for certain that NONE of the "Laws of Science" are much more than current best guesses we KNOW are wrong.
I used to LOVE watching the “snow” on the old TV channels after hours. I could watch pattern after pattern (1% CMBR: Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation), light (“the Universe”) … light playing with me (.?!) 👋🏻
So basically we dont know sh't?
The more you know, the more you learn how little you actually know. In order to know the gaps in your knowledge you must fill some space
That is Until we know sh*t. Then the sh*t changes when we check. And finally, we're back to not knowing sh*t. Thus the cycle continues. 🙏🏾🙏🏾
@@JVP_thephobic it only changes when we check because measuring requires the energy to interact with other particles. There is another level which EM exists on where the energy goes out in every direction and is divided infinitely. Since it goes out equally in every direction, but it still has to choose a path of least resistance, it will choose a random direction (no specific path requires less energy than the others) unless it is impossible to choose a specific direction like with entanglement. On our level of reality, the physical medium which we see the effects of EM energy through, that energy cannot be divided below a certain threshold. Thats why we see the particle, the lowest unit of measurement for that energy. Therefore, it is infinifely divided until the energy has to go somewhere, at which point it turns back into a particle and the ripple of infinitely divisible energy starts again until it his something that causes it to be indivisible below a certain level again (something being interacting with the physical world in any way). Much like the lightning bolt analogy, the energy explores every path until it finds one to collapse down. The EM field cannot be detected, but we can only measure the impacts it has on our reality. There are two layers of reality interacting here, and we have only half of the picture
Yup. That's about right.
I am knowing.
I think the most profound thing about light and the speed of light is that it actually represents the speed of reality or you could call it the speed of causation. Once you understand what it actually is then you can understand that you can't go faster than it.
Maybe
I love this! So as you demonstrate light is both particle and wave , what if it is both, but one is travelling ahead (faster) than the other and you are only recording the average speed for example. So couldn't the preceding segment find a path for the other?
Just to add to the confusion, might I enquire if light can have wave-like properties then it must have a medium in which to travel. What is the medium in which light is propagating. The luminiferous ether was disproved in the Michelson-Morley experiment, as being the medium. Furthermore, in the double-slit experiment how does each photon know where to land on the screen. Also some photons arrive at what should be the darkest part of the fringe pattern according to interference effects. Questions, questions! Pomme