The billion dollar race for the perfect display
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Display technologies are evolving like crabs. From LCDs to OLEDs and MicroLEDs and beyond.
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What do u think of inktjet printer oled displays?
man I've been seeing this camera on Fortnine pretty frequently. its a sweet gear no doubt on that.
thank you for this video. if you search up how these panels work its hard to actually find good info. all google saysa is "lcds use a backlight" blablabla. i dont know what that means. but here you show exactly how these monitors work
Weird how you didn’t talk about pwm and how certain Chinese companies like oppo are using dc dimming to stop the effect.
Comparing MicroLED with OLED it's like comparing a lightyear starship with a tractor 😂
This makes you wonder how insane the machining and tooling of the industry must be to place millions of pixel so accurately
Not even comparable to tolerances in semiconductor manufacturing (10nm vs 100um, 10000x difference).
@@ivanjermakov Insane, they upscaled precision from 1um to 1000nm to 1000000pm. A whopping 1.0x10^0 increase in magnitude.
@@Gabtube252 haha, I had to read your comment twice
True. And yet people think this products are expensive. But when we look at the making of this, we realise that they are priced less wrt cost that goes in r&d.
cpus/gpus only need to grow the die on the wafer. they dont have to pick up the dies from the wafer and then move them over to another substrate like in microled displays. plus a cpu only needs 1 die to function. in a microled tv each led is a die. a single 4k tv will require 24 million dies and you cannot have a single defective die or the display will have a dead pixel. Even with a 99.99% yield rate, you will be left with 100s of defective dies for a single tv. @@ivanjermakov
Blue LEDs are used for all Quantum dot displays, because blue has the highest frequency & energy among ( red or green or blue ), so its color can be stepped-down to red or green colors with quantum dots and little or no brightness loss. Also the creation of practical bright blue LEDs is relatively new (~1990) , and not only enabled the reading head for 25GB blu-ray players (previously we only have 4GB DVD pllayers), but also these quantum-dot displays.
Get outta here physics nerd! Very good, man. Thanks for sharing your knowledge :)
1990 was over three decades ago. That's not relatively new in terms of technology....
@@jatoxo it is in terms of developing cheap mass production techniques. Solar panels are another examples. The main technologies were discovered/invented long time ago, but it took decades for the prices to become affordable
The Nobel prize for the invention of blue LEDs was well deserved
I thought blu-ray used a blue laser?
Minor Correction: natural state of an lcd pixel is clear, not dark. With no electric field, the crystals naturally twist the light, allowing light to pass through. With a field on, the crystals line up end to end and stop twisting the light, allowing the polarizer to block the light.
So does LCD need more battery to block the light?
i think it depends if it is a tn or ips display
That depends on how you align the polarizors. How many of you flipped the polarisor in your calculator to get a clear on black display ? Some LCD watches are made the same way to make them look a bit different.
Only TN (twisted nematic) LCD that are used for entry level TV/displays are normally open ("on" with no electric field, "off" with), IPS-types and VA-types TFT LCDs that are used in most displays/TVs are normally closed ("off" with no voltage). That's why "dead" pixels tend to be bright on TNs and black on others.
@@EricChiEric What is that tn lcd display?
I remember in 2012 in a big electronics store in Germany I saw a (in retrospective) tiny 12" oled screen on display for the first time. It was a screen by LG. The colors and black levels were out of this world at the time. It really got my 12 year old self excited for the future of tech. I was in that electronics store looking at this screen almost every two days 😅
I had a similar feeling when I saw a TFT display on a laptop for the first time in the 1990s. Before then the infamous Dual Scan LCDs needed "mouse trails" to keep track of where the pointer was when you moved the mouse.
Sony was late to market even though they unveiled the first OLED consumer prototype
Definetly you never watched a CRT in the dark, it's the same as a OLED but with perfect motion, no aliasing and doesn't have a native resolution.
@@saricubra2867 not really. Crt has no deep blacks
@@miaya3898 it does have deep blacks like an OLED, the electron gun doesn't hit the phosphors for black areas therefore no light.
I love it when you analyse the trending innovations on actual tech. Not the gossip tech. I've been following you since 2018 and you never let me down with satisfying tech content. Thanks Marton!
Concur. I prefer this type of his videos. He’s one of the best tech analysts in n KZhead
We all fall down and get hurt emotionally, but only Jesus understands your pain. Follow him and he will fill your heart (your choice).wasdawfeaefdwqSDWFSGEFASDASwadawdwaawdawd
Yup, TechAltar is good at making vids
Same here
Crustaceans and other animals did not evolve. Among the millions of fossils dug up from the earth, there is not a single intermediate fossil that proves evolution. Several hundreds of millions of years ago, crabs and other animals were in their current form. The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific proof. The reasons for defending the theory of evolution are ideological, not scientific. Scientists have discovered that all organs, which evolutionists call obsolete organs, perform important functions. Mutations believed to trigger evolution have been shown to be completely harmful. That is, mutations do not give advantages to living things. On the contrary, it harms. Evolutionists pointed to fossils of the coelacanth fish as evidence of the transition from water to land. However, a living specimen of this fish was found and it was found that the coelacanth fish is currently a fish that lives on the bottom of the ocean. Finally, I would like to mention that evolutionists can't explain how a living organism arose from inanimate matter. Living things did not appear through evolution, but through the Cambrian explosion. This proves the creation. Almighty Allah created all living things. Praise be to Allah Almighty, the Lord of the Worlds!
If the manufacturers were this good at explaining their tech more would be interested =)
OR maybe most AVERAGE consumers don't care to learn because they're either too lazy or too ignorant. Don't blame the manufacturers. 🤣🤣🤣
It's not that they are bad, they just don't care to explain anything. They care only about marketable bullshit.
Not at all true lol. You and me are interested in this and like these type of stuff. But an average person couldn't care less other than the price and features that it offers.
@@PSYCHOV3N0MWell, no manufacturer has ever explained their technology to this degree and this way so we can't know until they start getting better at explaining their tech
@@PSYCHOV3N0M No.. its the manufacturers.. .can't agree on standards. etc.. can't market.
Having spent a career in electronic image processing and display (see PictureTel, Polycom, HP), I find this to be a superb description of the current frontrunner technologies. It taught me several things in the most modern tech I did not know, and does it simply and clearly. Thank you for a very nice job!
Do micro LED displays use glass screens or plastic? One of the reasons I've always loved plasma displays is the glass screens. The optical properties of glass are unmatched.
I gotta say you cracked the algorithm code for nerdy techie videos while doing 0% clickbait + 100% good story telling
3:30 Actually the backlight in early LCD TVs and monitors before the early 2010s all used small fluorescent tube bulbs that ran the whole width of the display with there being many of them across the whole display hight. Early backlit LCD monitors from the late 1980s only used a single tube to light the backlight spreader layer.
i have a 2010ish LG monitor TV that takes a bit to fully warm up next to my more modern 2017ish Asus thats turns on instantly, is that the reason why?
Lower end monochrome LCDs used LEDs as well on smaller sizes.
@@q1337 Yep! I had a few LCD displays from that era that used fluorescent backlights. If I remember correctly, laptops made the jump to LED backlights first, with the rest of the industry waiting until the price of LEDs dropped to be competitive with fluorescents.
@@fungo6631 And higher end monochrome LCDs used electroluminescent sheets, which are now on their way to become "the perfect display" with electroluminescent QDs. That's some amazing convergent evolution.
Yep, I have a late 1980s Casio LCD TV, it's about 2" diagonally and 2" deep to accomodate a CCFL tube and light spreader. It's dim and incredibly uneven. Flat CRTs were much better but no one bothered making them color, that'd need Indextron type tech which was too expensive for such a niche market.
One of the best and most concise and accurate presentations of older display tech all the way up to the bleeding edge latest stuff. VERY well done my friend! Subbed!
I second that. That's really well done. Subscribed as well.
Same. Good job!
The best display tech already exists, it's called Cathode Ray Tube. No aliasing, no native resolution, perfect motion, infinite contrast (they are analog displays, not digital), variable refresh rates. The only weakness, they are heavy and bulky.
Crustaceans and other animals did not evolve. Among the millions of fossils dug up from the earth, there is not a single intermediate fossil that proves evolution. Several hundreds of millions of years ago, crabs and other animals were in their current form. The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific proof. The reasons for defending the theory of evolution are ideological, not scientific. Scientists have discovered that all organs, which evolutionists call obsolete organs, perform important functions. Mutations believed to trigger evolution have been shown to be completely harmful. That is, mutations do not give advantages to living things. On the contrary, it harms. Evolutionists pointed to fossils of the coelacanth fish as evidence of the transition from water to land. However, a living specimen of this fish was found and it was found that the coelacanth fish is currently a fish that lives on the bottom of the ocean. Finally, I would like to mention that evolutionists can't explain how a living organism arose from inanimate matter. Living things did not appear through evolution, but through the Cambrian explosion. This proves the creation. Almighty Allah created all living things. Praise be to Allah Almighty, the Lord of the Worlds!
@@saricubra2867imagine how fucking fast the beam has to travel to give us a 16:9 v200hz display lol. Also curved and ultra wide displays are near impossible to create. It's pretty good, but with all the limitations I wouldn't call it perfect.
I had two Samsung AMOLED phones in the past years, and one thing I've noticed is that there's actually a delay in turning the individual pixels ON or OFF. For example if you have a picture with black parts of the screen and you scroll this image around (like scrolling pictures on Facebook for example) you can actually notice how the parts of the screen that were black takes an extra moment to lit up, and the parts that were lit but now have black takes a moment before they are completely black. Not sure if this is a software issue or a hardware issue, but either way it's quite noticeable.
That's a common problem on OLED. iPhones have it, Samsungs have it. My first smartphone was a galaxy S1 (Back in 2009/2010) and it had the same problem, I now have a nothing Phone 2 and the problem is still there. It's less prominent when the screen is brighter,
I have a Xiaomi with AMOLED screen and I have never noticed that issue.
It's all about refresh rate or heartz
@@czech8797 I don't think so. I've tested with both 60Hz and 120Hz and they behave exactly the same. I don't think the refresh rate changes the speed it takes for the LEDs to turn off and on, only to change the colors of the LEDs that are already on.
@@sekkuar btw we can see that it by manually moving a app or black element, otherwise when you see videos you cant see because it's running in high refresh rate
MicroLED is what I've always assumed normal pixels were like. I had no idea it was actually so complicated
I always wanted to know how LCD, OLED and LED displays worked and particularly how they evolved. A brilliant and very instructive video . Now my admiration for the innovators of these technologies has risen to greater heights. Thank you TechAltar for a really creative production.
Amazing leaps and bounds in the display market since I was a kid. Back then...The biggest CRT was like 32 inches and weighed hundreds of pounds, cost thousands of dollars and might last a lifetime...especially if it was a Sony. The Samsung on my desk now is just as large, but weighs less than 20 lbs and was less than $300. I was surprised to find out that both Samsung and LG are Korean companies...not that there's anything wrong with that.
Sony thought the future was Field Emission Displays. p.s. Check out the Mitsubishi 37" 4-3 CRTs. I knew someone who had one. It took four men to get it upstairs !
@@MrDuncl Remember the old rear projection boxes...speaking of Mitsu. I loved busting them open and getting the big lenses...looking at one now. Sony really dropped the ball on consumer electronics...well, except for maybe Playstation, right?...their cellphones sucked, they quit tv's and stereos...I don't get it. Japanese was always better than just about everything...remember Nakamichi?
The popularity of Korean dramas and K-pop is undeniable, and both are known for their high production values. This includes stunning visuals, often featuring vibrant colors, intricate details, and fast-paced action sequences, so of course, companies like Samsung and LG face pressure to constantly innovate and offer the latest advancements to stay ahead of the curve. The demand for superior screens also extends beyond media consumption. The rise of gaming, virtual reality, and other forms of interactive entertainment also incentivize the development of better display technologies.
Truly one of the best and most detailed in-depth tech videos I’ve ever seen. I learned so much about how screens work!
This is definitely a classic TechAltar video. Such an accessible but (for the layperson) comprehensive overview. Many thanks, as always.
This is an ABSOLUTELY AMAZING VIDEO. I dont know why but i think for simplicity many youtubers dont go into detail in these topics. And i love learning about how each of these displays work
This was very good thank you. I've always had a general idea of how they work, but this was significantly more in depth and the CGI breakdowns were super helpful. Awesome new tech on the horizon.
Crustaceans and other animals did not evolve. Among the millions of fossils dug up from the earth, there is not a single intermediate fossil that proves evolution. Several hundreds of millions of years ago, crabs and other animals were in their current form. The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific proof. The reasons for defending the theory of evolution are ideological, not scientific. Scientists have discovered that all organs, which evolutionists call obsolete organs, perform important functions. Mutations believed to trigger evolution have been shown to be completely harmful. That is, mutations do not give advantages to living things. On the contrary, it harms. Evolutionists pointed to fossils of the coelacanth fish as evidence of the transition from water to land. However, a living specimen of this fish was found and it was found that the coelacanth fish is currently a fish that lives on the bottom of the ocean. Finally, I would like to mention that evolutionists can't explain how a living organism arose from inanimate matter. Living things did not appear through evolution, but through the Cambrian explosion. This proves the creation. Almighty Allah created all living things. Praise be to Allah Almighty, the Lord of the Worlds!
Just wow....this video is a gem, explaining the difference very well, regardless of some minor technical mistakes. The technology blows my mind and watching this on my Samsung S23 ultra, I can attest that the display is mind-blowing bright. I have no problems watching in bright sunlight and the brightness adjusts very smoothly to the environment. It looks like they are moving quite fast through new technologies, I am very impressed.
That was fanTASTIC! Thank you. I find the much older techniques of creating a moving picture fascinating, but these new goals are INSANE! Subscribed!
11:36 Yeah see that isn't how it works, QDOLED is already top emission so putting an MLA layer on top, which as you just said refocuses the light outwards, would make no sense because all light from QDOLED is already being thrown out.
Micro Lens Array you meant, LG VS Samsung. emission, shattered light you meant ? It's the prisme, the pixel, you get all colors troughs the lens array
I was always wondering what's the difference between the different TVs. That was a very helpful video, thanks for explaining the differences so clearly!
Crustaceans and other animals did not evolve. Among the millions of fossils dug up from the earth, there is not a single intermediate fossil that proves evolution. Several hundreds of millions of years ago, crabs and other animals were in their current form. The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific proof. The reasons for defending the theory of evolution are ideological, not scientific. Scientists have discovered that all organs, which evolutionists call obsolete organs, perform important functions. Mutations believed to trigger evolution have been shown to be completely harmful. That is, mutations do not give advantages to living things. On the contrary, it harms. Evolutionists pointed to fossils of the coelacanth fish as evidence of the transition from water to land. However, a living specimen of this fish was found and it was found that the coelacanth fish is currently a fish that lives on the bottom of the ocean. Finally, I would like to mention that evolutionists can't explain how a living organism arose from inanimate matter. Living things did not appear through evolution, but through the Cambrian explosion. This proves the creation. Almighty Allah created all living things. Praise be to Allah Almighty, the Lord of the Worlds!
Great video. I know one thing, I love my LG C2 OLED that I bought last April. Some bright Dolby Vision scenes still make me say wow after 9 months of watching it.
I thought I knew a lot about displays but I learned a lot here! Your explanations were really clear and helpful!
Wow these explanations and accompanying graphics were super insightful!
This was so beautifully explained! I recently bought an LG OLED TV and before buying I read up a lot about QLED, MiniLED, WOLED, QD-OLED and all. But this video gave me a better understanding than what I had got after watching hours of videos on other tech channels. Well done and thank you!
That was fanTASTIC! Thank you. I find the much older techniques of creating a moving picture fascinating, but these new goals are INSANE! Subscribed! ❤
I never knew there are so many crab-like not crab creatures that evolutionally converged. So that's my takeaway from this tech video 😀
Great video. It's been hard to wrap my head around all the different display technologies, but after watching this video I think I finally get it. Exciting times ahead!
Wow, that's a really cool and well done summary of the current different display techs. Nice visualisation, makes it much easier to understand. I found the part about the four potential future technoligical leaps most interesting. Imagine a 4 times more efficient display. Coupled with more efficient SOCs and modems, maybe we'll have week long battery life again sometime in 2030 or so. And maaaybe a much anticipated breakthrough in battery tech will also happen. Phones would last forever. Interesting times ahead indeed.
Most of the power consumed in a phone comes from the SOC and inefficient software sadly
@@SirDellaI love my android but it really was never meant to be used like this, as seen by how inefficient it's CPU usage and task scheduling is overall. Especially older Android suffered greatly from that, we kinda brute forced that by creating better, more efficient hardware.
@@mr_confuse I agree, android needs better task managing, there's a lot going on in the background that you can't see. And it gets even worse with google bloatware
i like how you describe the way these diffrent types of panels work in great detail while also keeping it simple so i can understand what you are talking about. i like to be able to understand how my computer components actually work and you explain it in the best way. i was randomly reccomended this video on youtube and i am glad that i clicked it. you have earned one more subscriber.
Honestly the covergent evolution crab analogy was genius. Taught me something new even outside the main topic. Brilliant video thank you so much!
i knew it will comeback sooner or later
16:16 Yep. The problem is also, whoever gets to solve their problems first will probably kick the others out of the market. That means, no continuing development for the other technologies, because they don’t make the money any more to pay for it. Let’s just hope that the end result also checks some of the other boxes that are often secondary in a tech race, like sustainability and low toxicity.
SSD is better technology than HDD but it can't kick out HDD for decades. So HDD companies had plenty of time to catch up. Whoever comes to new display technology first only gives their competitor a hint not a kick.
@@Max_Jacoby You may be right about that. Let’s hope that. On the other hand, there were companies set up to make e-paper (aka e-ink, which Kindle devices use) much better, with colors, even better contrast and lighting, and I believe higher frequency of change. But that development has stalled, because tablets and mobile phones have such a big chunk of the market. There is no good prospect for making money with better e-paper. For a technology to justify development costs (ie. improvement costs, not just survival), its market niche needs to be large enough and significantly different from competing technologies. SSDs are superior to HDDs in almost every way, except for the cost per storage unit. And HDDs beat SSDs by a high enough margin on cost/storage so that people still want them. And decades of prior development and enough accumulated knowledge about how to improve HDDs probably also contribute to them getting better. But, on the other hand, what people really want are way cheaper SSDs. And as soon as that happens, there will be no reasons for anyone to invest money into improving HDDs further. With display technologies, it is a similar race. They have become similar enough so that one of them may become superior in every important aspect to the others. Maybe a competing technology will still be far better for, say, small or tiny high-resolution displays as the “winning” technology. That would be a niche that *might* make enough money and hold enough prospects to justify further development. But if the “winning” technology has a convincing roadmap to cover that niche as well, then interest and investments in the niche technology will dry up. We will see how it goes.
Not really, the video explained that even tho new technology ("LED") has been out, people are still buying LCD displays and by a huge margin.
RIP Plasma
That's why Samsung is selling displays to other smartphone/tv brands
The best explainer on display tech I've come across. I find myself leaving "the best on x" comments on this channel a lot
Glad to hear! :)
Anyone remember Plasma TVs?
i have a Panasonic plasma.. end an oled lg
How about CRTs 😂
I’m old enough that I remember our first color TV. Since my chair was closest I was the “ remote control “
@@tyrport i was the remote control for my grandfather's black and white cabinet TV 😂
I have only watched half the video so far but I must say that is the best summary I have ever come across in quite a short amount of time. 🎉 Great work.
I feel way smarter now thanks to this video. Thank you for making it.
Such a good video. I kept trying to explain this to a friend after doing hundreds (if not thousands) of hours of research into this, but this video explains it so well
Crustaceans and other animals did not evolve. Among the millions of fossils dug up from the earth, there is not a single intermediate fossil that proves evolution. Several hundreds of millions of years ago, crabs and other animals were in their current form. The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific proof. The reasons for defending the theory of evolution are ideological, not scientific. Scientists have discovered that all organs, which evolutionists call obsolete organs, perform important functions. Mutations believed to trigger evolution have been shown to be completely harmful. That is, mutations do not give advantages to living things. On the contrary, it harms. Evolutionists pointed to fossils of the coelacanth fish as evidence of the transition from water to land. However, a living specimen of this fish was found and it was found that the coelacanth fish is currently a fish that lives on the bottom of the ocean. Finally, I would like to mention that evolutionists can't explain how a living organism arose from inanimate matter. Living things did not appear through evolution, but through the Cambrian explosion. This proves the creation. Almighty Allah created all living things. Praise be to Allah Almighty, the Lord of the Worlds!
Was a little fast but pretty good in the end. Glad you went towards the Micro LED. would have been cool to know the back story, on how the fluorescent backlight was first. And then how Plasma was before OLED. Just natural steps towards our current market
Fantastically researched and presented. I just hoped the video had a more catching thumbnail as it's easy to miss this gem out among others on KZhead.
I personally found the comparison with the crab to be both funny but also really good!
i wish you talked more about PenTile subpixel arrangement disadvantages compared to RGB as it remains one of the most problematic areas of OLED, which is especially important for laptop/monitor displays great video otherwise!
What OLED monitors use pentile?
Not sure if it is the exact same arrangement but same issues in first generation QD-oled panels by Samsung (see G8 oled). Their second generation had a different "better" layout, see G9 oled@@pickleadaykeepsthedoctoraw5542
It's a problem with Windows. F*ck Microsoft
I dont think laptops/monitors OLEDs are using pentile from what I know. That seems to be more prominently seen in AMOLED/smaller OLED types. The problem with laptop/monitor OLED is that they're using WRGB, which is where the text legibility issues are coming from that you're probably thinking of. Using aligned RGB will fix this, but it will require a specific OLED manufacturing process to produce these displays and there needs to be enough displays sold for this market to justify designing and building that manufacturing process(for economy of scale reasons). In the meantime, there's gonna be some coming improvements to WRGB OLED that will specifically help this issue, even if it doesn't fix it totally.
This video was great! The animations and explanations and relating it to crab's evolution were perfect. Well done.
Love my LG CX(OLED). Bought it refurbed 3 years ago and this thing performs amazing almost daily for many hours. It asks for pixel refresher probably once every two weeks. Thing runs like a top. 4k@120hz PC gaming, vivid colours, buttery smooth, low latency... Love it.
That's fantastically in-depth and, nevertheless, very digestable content. 11/10
Tiny high resolution displays are really exciting to me. The one's in Apple's VR headset sound super cool.
Ever since I first got my hands on the PS Vita I fell in love with OLED screens. It's great for stuff like the Vita or Steam Deck but I'm still paranoid about burn-in which has stopped me from pulling the trigger on getting an OLED screen for my primary monitor. Hearing about the advancements coming soon has me excited to finally be able to get my hands on a good OLED monitor with a much longer lifespan.
my first taste of OLED was in 2017 after buying a used Galaxy S4. then an S5, S6 Edge, etc., Now I'm typing this on a used 2018 Xperia XZ3. My first OLED outside of Samsung
I already have something better than an OLED, it's a high end CRT monitor.
@@saricubra2867 I still have a aoc crt monitor from around 2007. Is that considered high end?
@@miaya3898 It depends on the specs. Mine can almost do 1440p and it has better clarity than a 1080p display (smaller phosphors than pixels on a 1080p display), no aliasing.
Thank you, TechAltar. Your bridge building is the true illumination here! Pioneers such as yourself are the ones who made the construction of the Great Alexandrian library possible. Continue the great work my friend!
This was a great summary of the confusing world of display technology. My current lcd tv only has something like 60 dimming zones, which works great for letterbox movies, but blooming is obvious in some scenes (star fields, full black backgrounds with moving bright objects etc.), so even if they get to a few thousand dimming zones, I would probably be very happy.
We have miniLED monitors currently with more than a thousand zones, so hopefully we'll see miniLED TVs within the next year or two with at least 1000 zones.
@@Slavolko when you use it for a long time, does it encounter bugs such as burn-in, ghosting, and screen tearing?
@@yasirarafat9279 Those aren't "bugs". Screen tearing doesn't really depend on the display itself. Ghosting is panel-dependent, but it shouldn't be an issue with high-quality miniLED panels. As for burn-in, they shouldn't burn in as easily as OLED displays.
The best video to share with friends, to explain in a precise and fast way how screens work. You just made my life easier, as I'm the "tech friend" in my group and I have to explain these things constantly.
Thanks for this. Great explanation with great visuals. I understand it perfectly. I’ll forget in a few minutes and will have to watch this over and over, but it’s so well done, I won’t mind!
This is an excellent video on displays in the contemporary wow insanely condensed and concise without sacrificing quality.
Really great and comprehensive video detailing the different display tech. I really like your metaphors and in depth technical explanations. I just miss that you take into account the problems with puls with modulation dimming (PWM). For many that is a major issue that causes severe eye strain and headaches. Especially Samsung OLEDS and mini LED’s are bad in this regard (and by extensions iPhone screens) I really miss this being taken seriously. For me PWM its an instant dealbreaker. Many people have no idea what causes their heath problems. I think tech channels should inform about this problem and thereby help push the industry to make safer tech.
This. Hell, even with Steam Deck barely anyone talks about the fact that both screen options suck hard because of that.
Brilliant video with effective animations showing how it all works. We all face this tech literally every day but take it all for granted. The absolute wonder of how these things work blows my mind. Maximum respect to the clever people out there who make this happen. Power of Science 💪 So glad I discovered your channel. Please have my sub! Oh and: "LCDs and OLEDS are both kinda false crabs" I can't 😅
Fantastic stuff man. I learned a lot more about displays in these 18 minutes than I ever did reading about it.
I wish some company would still produce CRT TVs. I know it's pretty much an obsolete tech, not to mention bulky and expensive. But I just like the look of those sweet scanlines it produces (and nostalgia). It also gives low res videos the illusion of looking very sharp and high res too. Which is pretty sweet.
Great video! Really interesting breakdown of modern display tech! Would be interested to see how we got to this point, like early LCD or even how and why Plasma failed to keep popularity in comparison
i have plasmas, and they have way better color than some modern led, and if you get a 1280x720 res one, they are superb. Cant believe he didnt even mention it, not a good analisis at all
Plasma used far more power than even CRTs. A friend bought one and it had three fans in the top to stop the insides from melting. On the plus side they did have much better contrast than any LCD at the time.
@@MrDuncl that is absurd, parts melting? A friend told you? i have 3 pionners, 3 sony, one panasonic all plasmas. I sold all my lcd, and led tvs, they cant compete in colors, resolution, yes, but not everything is resolution. The sonys are from 2002, not quite good, they have issues, pionner plasmas, are amazing, way better that the 50 inch smasung led my mother in law bought last year. You should get one, image color is amazing.
@@obturafotografia247 Maybe my choice of language was bad. However, I wasn't exaggerating about the three fans in the top of the Panasonic Plasma TV. I just looked at some power consumption figures from back when Plasmas were being sold and am seeing 400W compared to 120W for the same size LCD.
@@MrDunclyeah, plasmas run hot, especially if they get bright. It's called plasma for a reason. I still use a 60" pioneer Kuro from 2008, and at least in a dark room, it's pretty much as good as a 1920x1080 modern monitor, and a fair bit cheaper than one.
I bought my first OLED a bit over 5 yrs ago. Just bought a 2nd last month. There's no comparison to an LCD to my eyes, atleast an LCD of similar price. MLA looks promising. But for now, WOled is it. No burn-in on my sets. And half the time they've been used as a PC mon.
What a great video, really looking forward to upgrading to a no compromise monitor with perfect contrast at some point in the future.
Wonderful explanation. Incredible I've lived through this entire evolution
It would be cool if all 3 tech you mentioned reached perfection at the same time. Customers would win! But I rarely find myself wanting more than what I already have. If the tech never improves from now, I think we'd be just fine.
If you are buying it now, it's already obsolete. always the newer improved versions are ready to go, after interest fades, and sales slow, and more importantly patents expire. Patents make mfgs. and creators of the technology, more money than they make actually making a product. Since it gets licensed to all others. ie the CD and CD players and even logos, was Philips big income maker, from all other makers.
@@cengeb i used to croled on my groled if you know what i mean
@@cengeb Patents really need to go in many areas and forms, it makes breakthroughs and new research slow and behind because there is no reasons to or it is impossible because of a patent blocking your way.
@@Wipeout186 Patents are the only reason why companies invet stuff, profit. they license the use and make money without having to even make the stuff. that's genius. Example the CD Philips invented it brought Sony into the mix (after Panasonic didn't want in, sony was 2nd choice, fact) Every maker of the discs, the players, even the jewel box it was packaged in was a Philips patent. Every mfg. using the logo even paid Philips a patent fee,copyright fee, royalty. . For the 17 years, then when it was expiring, that's why the SACD was introduced, new patents, but it didn't actually take off, like the original CD did, or DVD, which they also did, anything laser optical, Drug companies, same thing, patents bring in the money, more than making the actual stuff just by yourself. Once patent is off a drug compound, genericsf lood the market, company loses money, people benefit sometimes lower costs, but billions in research, won't be done if can't profit, Capitalism. So when display patents run out, they have to have something new to introduce, otherwise they won't survive. Patents does make new stuff being improved. If you invent something and can't profit from it, why would a company bother?
Crustaceans and other animals did not evolve. Among the millions of fossils dug up from the earth, there is not a single intermediate fossil that proves evolution. Several hundreds of millions of years ago, crabs and other animals were in their current form. The theory of evolution is a dogma without any scientific proof. The reasons for defending the theory of evolution are ideological, not scientific. Scientists have discovered that all organs, which evolutionists call obsolete organs, perform important functions. Mutations believed to trigger evolution have been shown to be completely harmful. That is, mutations do not give advantages to living things. On the contrary, it harms. Evolutionists pointed to fossils of the coelacanth fish as evidence of the transition from water to land. However, a living specimen of this fish was found and it was found that the coelacanth fish is currently a fish that lives on the bottom of the ocean. Finally, I would like to mention that evolutionists can't explain how a living organism arose from inanimate matter. Living things did not appear through evolution, but through the Cambrian explosion. This proves the creation. Almighty Allah created all living things. Praise be to Allah Almighty, the Lord of the Worlds!
If MicroLED can solve the seam issue and bring down the price…then I’m all in.
Exactly! I’m very excited for those monitors coming out in probably 10 years at least haha
The price of uLED will never come close to that of LCD displays. They will remain the highest end displays indefinitely.
You've got $20,000 to spend on a TV, I hope. They can only ever bring the price down to something that still approaches 'insane' by even most enthusiast standards. It is inherently expensive technology, far moreso than regular OLED. Unfortunately we've gotten spoiled with the idea that technology will always just keep getting cheaper, when there's lots of stuff that cant(at least practically) and have gone out of business/production as a result. Kind of a survival bias in effect. I think MicroLED may well face that same fate at some point, because its advantages will shrink, and the price gap for the remaining advantages will remain absolutely enormous.
This really is such a fantastic video. I’ve not seen a better primer on display tech anywhere else.
Superb content delivery and production quality. A tech video of this lenght keeping me fully engaged and attentive is a special achievement 👌
now i have to search whats going on with all Crab things ..
Carcinosisation?
@@bobolobocus333 Yes i never knew about that ..
Phenomenal video! Only wish you would've talked about response times/motion clarity (near-instantaneous for OLEDs) a bit more but not too big of a deal
he does briefly mention it in the introduction of OLEDs
Response time of OLED is so fast its actually bad for low refresh rates like 60hz. It feels a lot less smooth to me on my Oled than on my LCD monitors. Always get the 120hz if you can.
@@hmilles Now that you mention it, yeah motion clarity in general wasn't really mentioned. So refresh rates, response times and input latency
@@cc0767my solution for this in games at 30 or 60 is to turn on motion blur in games. I know it get a bad rep, but it actually helps a lot.
as far as I know there isn't a display technology that can match OLED when it comes to response times
one thing else about lcds is how the liquid crystals were made. at first all crystals in a pixel were in the same orientation, but this reduced contrast and worsened viewing angles. however, they improved by having the crystals arranged in the manner that you show it in the video.
Pedantic quibble: _CRTs_ have burn in, where the electron beam actually overheats the phosphor layer and burns shadows into it. What OLED displays have is burn _out,_ where the LEDs are slowly... well... burning out kinda like fluorescent bulbs, getting dimmer with their total activity over time. Meanwhile LCDs have something similar called image retention, which is a sort of stickiness that develops in the states of the liquid crystals, causing them to retain a ghostly negative of whatever color was on them for too long continuously. That's been basically eliminated from modern LCDs though.
I'd love to learn how these displays compare to the technology behind older CRT TV sets.
There are plenty of videos around on how CRT's work, the Slo Mo Guys have a couple of videos of CRT's in slow motion showing how they draw pictures on the screen. CRT's were the OG in dynamic contrast before OLED.
I wonder if the MiniLED technology could evolve to make the backlights at pixel level sizes, thus making the crab analogy in this video even more true when it comes to LCD displays. A MiniLED display such as this could in many ways rival the OLED technology itself, because of the high brightness and no burn-in of the LCD technology. If that happens, I would seriously consider the MiniLED technology moving forward. Well, as long as MicroLED displays or similar technologies at consumer prices are still not a thing by then.
If it has become pixel size then there is no need for a LCD layer. At that point it would be a Micro LED display.
MicroLEDs are better than LEDs when you can make backlights at the pixel level. Why would we bother to put color filters when we can make RGB subpixels individual LEDs at pixel size?
MicroLED displays still have the red, green and blue subpixels that are needed for each pixel as far as I know. However, a QD-MicroLED display could be possible if the backlights were pixel sized if I'm not mistaken. Correct me if I'm wrong.
@@GAG091186 QD Micro leds are just blue micro leds with QD color filters currently. Research is going on in developing QD LEDs or Electro luminescent QDs which are essentially true quantum dot LEDs but currently they have issues with stability and have short lifespan.
@@Almohebful No there are uses for having a LED + colour filter approach because it can be scaled easily, is less complex and reduces cost. It is easier to fabricate a Micro LED of one color and apply QD colour filter than fabricating LED for each separate colour at pixel level. What having LEDs of pixel level eliminates is the LCD layer. Technically it will be a Micro LED display.
Thanks for explaining these technologies in such a simple way that everyone can understand. ❤❤
Great accent, sound quality and picture quality. Many content creators do not pay as much attention to these things but they really matter. Content is very good also. Nicely done.
I just want someone to make CRT displays. It would be a super niche market, basically old school gaming hobbyists and legacy film and TV people. But it’s so hard to do stuff to get around the inherent differences in how old displays and new displays work. I’ve spent hundreds if not thousands trying to do it in a satisfying way, when if I had a really high quality, 1080i or 480p display then I could do a really nice custom setup that actually fits the theme of “I’m playing a Nintendo 64”
You can't, use of heavy metals that're required for CRT's is banned pretty much everywhere.
Turns out that led lined glass tubes are really bad for the environment... Who knew? But you can still get used crt TVs and monitors, so if you want one, get it while you can! Just understand how expensive it is to get rid of the things when the time comes. They aren't cheap to get rid of.
We still have our Panasonic CRT out on the 4 season porch, picking up over-the-air, serving a DVD player, and an old slow Roku. It's 21 years old now and still works fine at its native low rez. I hate to get rid of it just because it's old tech.
What a fantastic video! I thought I knew a lot more than I really did. I wasn't aware that W-OLED doesn't have true rgb LEDs. I also had no clue what quantum dot stands for. I kinda just blindly assumed it was a dumb marketing term.
QLED is a dumb marketing term. Nanocell is a dumb marketing term. Liquid Retina Display is a dumb marketing term. Quantum Dots isn't.
Current QD tech is just a quantum dot treated film layer, true eQD, aka self-emissive QD, that is the real exciting prospect, it has the potential to completely surpass anything we have ever seen and will completely make all other displays obsolete, even the best late generation CRT monitors and Plasma Kuro and Neo displays, but like mLED, eQD is 15-20 years away, Tandem PHOLED is the best we can hope for through the next 10-15 years, they could combine MLA with QD treatment, imagine those MLA lenses treated with quantum-dots on a Tandem-PHOLED display, that would be incredible, especially if it had a true 8K dynamic resolution.
Been following you since your oppo/china days and I'm yet to miss a video, good shit.
Extremely excited for the future of displays especially for QDEL ones. On palate they sound like Micro LED except cheaper and more efficient
Mini-led are part of it but I wouldn't say they are that important... The whole Full array back light tech ( hardware and software) and local dimming is what really changed the game . As you can have a good LCD panel these days even without Mini LED... As long as you have good FALD. The thing Mini LED does give you tho is greater brightness and the ability to get that on smaller thinner devices..
They're the exact same technology, mini led is just a brand for the fald using tightly packed brighter and smaller led for the backlight and separate zones for the individual leds.
This whole carcinization analogy doesn't make any sense in this context; is it really that surprizing that people are trying to make a good display no matter their manufacturing methods? .. Carcinization is surprizing because it's not intuitive that crustaceans are somehow an optimal form, mainly because we're not that. But with displays we know exactly what we want to accomplish. Good video though, just drop the crab stuff.
Wonderful explanation of transmission display types. I have been interested in reflective screens, for which not many updates have occurred as wxpected.
Thx for this information. Now i know why my samsung & lg tv diffrences better
I think the GaN tech that will replace the organic components in OLED has the best shot at working out in the 5-8 year timeframe, after the more resilient blue OLEDs are used with Quantum Dots in the nearer term. I know GaN chargers are also much more efficient than regular chargers, so hopefully that trait applies here as well. I know Micro LED displays put off tons of heat. Linus Tech Tips said he had considered getting one but they are huge and cost $250,000 and he thought about water cooling it using his pool since he’s in Canada. I just don’t see them being feasible for a very long time. Too many variables compared to other methods. I’m planning to do a home theater build later in 2025 which I think is around the time these more efficient and resilient Samsung QLEDs should be on the market. I don’t really need anything super bright so these should be great. I have an LG C9 in my living room which is already bright enough most of the time, and my home theater will be in the basement with even less light. Then late this decade I will upgrade my living room with the GaN OLED which is in a room where the TV is used more frequently for TV rather than movies and potential burn in while also being under brighter conditions. Since it will be a more drastic technology change I see it being expensive, and my living room TV is smaller, so I think that’s a good upgrade strategy to get it in the smaller size later.
I think we're still falling short of perfect display tech in several ways not mentioned. Firstly in the days of CRT tvs/monitors you could input any resolution you like and the electron gun would project it perfectly with no scaling, since we moved to LCD/Plasma/OLED displays we've had to upscale to the nearest resolution that divides perfectly into the native resolution or end up with an ugly aliased image. Secondly since both LCD/OLED displays employ a sample and hold rendering method our brain does not distinguish a clear gap between frames so motion clarity is still leaving much to be desired, Black Frame Insertion is definitely helping but at the cost of luminance. CRTs absolutely had their drawbacks and they were retired for good reason, but there are still things they do better than any modern display technology.
I mean technically there's still a lot more that theoretically could go into a 'perfect' display. Fully transparent, infinite refresh rate, wirelessly powered, physically configurable aspect ratios, 3d/holographic capabilities, etc. That said, I wouldn't say there's a 'lot' to be left desired in terms of motion clarity of OLED. The fact that sample and hold isn't literally perfect is not necessarily a bad thing as it's not inherently a good thing to be able to more clearly discern gaps between frames.
@@maynardburger Think of what they will have 100 years from now? Probably develop a pill you swallow, to develop an organic computer chip into your brain as you develop before you are born. Instant virtual reality at birth.
the down side of adding the black frames though is also more flicker also direct fade from frame to frame is bascilly 'free' temepral antialsiing
Your second issue isn’t really a knock on display technology, it’s a result of content with low frame rates. You can make the argument that the perfect content would have such a high frame rate that it would have indistinguishable frames. This content’s motion would display perfectly on OLED TVs without judder. Real life isn’t in 24fps and I think many would argue that a perfect display’s goal should be that it’s indistinguishable from real life. That said, I still have a hard time abandoning 24fps for films.
Excellent description with brilliant graphics to explain the tecs. Great video.
Very nice overview of the current state of monitor tech! There were several listed here that are new to me. Fascinating stuff.
It`s truely a masterpiece, you perfectly mixed two different spheres of science to make a great analogy and described engineering theme with a biological evolutional parallel, I`m your fan from now on.
There used to be amoled displays with a normal rgb layout. It was used on the Galaxy s2. Samsung called it super amoled + displays. Its very rare these days to find rgb amoled panels tho.
Excellent vid summarizing where is consumer market heading with display tech - well done, subscribed!👍
elecroluminescent quantum dot displays are now real as Sharp has unveiled their prototype, and they say it is easy to make (even though they haven't built one for the show lol) but looks promising and might come to fruition a lot sooner than microled while having the true crab form from the start like it
well researched video!
Watching this excellent video about LCD vs OLED on my 2007 Panasonic Plasma TV, which remains in excellent condition and has almost no burn marks over the 17 years of its painful life based on many, many films and video games. :)
LOL my TV is a 2008.
Massive Panasonic plasma fan. Got a 2009 model and the picture quality is still fantastic
me too! all hail the Plasma supremacy
Salve, plasma defenders!! It is at this moment that LCD and Oled evangelists are horrified by the supposedly dead and buried fans of (always superior) plasma TVs! Yes, we are alive, just like our beloved TV sets.
It's honestly too bad the technology couldn't stay competitive. Still remember connecting the ps3 to the plasma and loading killzone 2 for the first time and just being blown away by how good it all looked
One thing I think is quite funny is that QLED/quantum dot technology is very similar to the old plasma screens that dominated in the 00's. Before QLED and OLED became mature, the best screen I had ever laid eyes on was a 60-something-inch Panasonic plasma screen. It had the deepest blacks and most vibrant colors! It was until recently when I saw a QD-OLED screen in a showroom that I thought "they've finally surpassed plasma".
Plasma screens were great. A 1080p plasma screen TV from 15 years ago will still give a modern 4k OLED a run for its money.
@@Epotheros Hardly, the latest gen panasonic plasmas from 2013 are the only ones that can still compete with OLED:s. The value of a used plasma is great though. I think that plasma technology never matured, there was more room for development.
Thank you for producing and sharing your video on KZhead.
I suspect the next big innovation will be in-silicon manufacturing, especially for things like vr headsets. Leds would be made on a chip, you could even include the logic for each pixel, and instead of being cut out of the chip, the whole chunk of silicon is then used as a tiny display. You could do multicolor as having leds of all 3 colors, or by coating the silicon with quantum dots.
GaN Nanorod blue LED with QD, could be the way, and basically approach microLED display, but be more scalable and cheaper. But, current QD-OLED I think already are using blue (or maybe near UV) OLED for all colors. The benefit of GaN Nanorod would be 1) no degradation, and more controlled backlight color, 2) and blue channel can be done without filter / or QD. Small step, but could totally solve everything.
Thank you for posting this video! This kind of information is very useful to me just toexplain most of many clients that come from the electronic company that I work for
You can't fathom how many words you have saved me whenever a friend asks me what tv to buy next. Thank you so much.
The answer is very simple. Ask your friend if he/she intends to watch live TV channels with static logos and/or in a constant brightly lit room. The answer they give you will make it easy to choose between LCD or OLED.
I'd argue one thing that none of these display technologies is trying to solve, unfortunately, is motion clarity. Picture quality is absolutely important. But motion clarity and input response from CRTs SHOULD be also part of this holy grail. Input response is pretty good on OLEDs that support 120hz. Don't know if it matches the analog latency, but it's definitely good. LCDs seem to often fall short (probably because of the sheer amount of processing required to achieve similar quality to OLED). But motion clarity WITHOUT input latency cost is still a massive issue on all display technologies. I'd assume OLEDs with lower power consumption, higher refresh rates, and some kind of ULMB or BFI support AT those higher refresh rates will resolve this. Or if Samsung's LCD replacement technology is able to achieve similar results to OLED with none of the downsides of LCD that could also work. But I think not. The nature of using pixels in the first place creates a sample and hold effect. And if we can't address that while still having sub 16ms latency then I'd argue both issues (motion clarity and input latency) aren't resolved.
From the test ive seen oled is closer to having less ghosting than It should, the pixel response is so fast that sometimes you lose the smooth movement and start noticing something like steps between frames Its noticiable watching low frame content like anime or slow panning shoots in movies, even more if its a environment shoot from high Some oleds have a option in the software to improve this, Idk in other brands but LG calls It soap opera effect, for me is just a blurry mess so i dont use it, but im also a user with a 120hz mobile, monitor and tv so maybe im more nitpicky to this motion blur
I'd argue that you haven't researched what micro LEDs are seeing they are literally at least 100x faster than oleds are.
You can't solve input lag with pixel-based displays. Ever. The lag is always going to be 1 frame length at a minimum. CRTs were literally driven by the signal that was input. If there was processing to be done, it could be done in realtime, because analog circuitry doesn't require memory buffers like digital ones do.
@@timramich You cant resolve input lag period
@@G0A7 Yeah, that's exactly what I said.
after suffering a struck of bad luck with a samsung tv that after a year and a half had an entire row of pixels dead, i decided to buy an OLED went for a LG C2... never in my life I've been so happy with a TV. I was kinda used to oled techonology because of my phone and my tab, but having such a great tv was a great decision.
we use microled screens at big live events but the audience is usually 20m away from the screen minimum. theyre also absurdly expensive at roughly 10 grand a panel (you need at least 10 do be doing small shows)