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And grab your posters here: store.dftba.com/collections/d... In this map of plants I summarise all of the different kinds of plants from algae all the way through bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms, monocots, eudicots, rosids and asterids. I explain how they are related to each other due to their evolutionary history, and the features that make plants so successful, leaves, roots, a vascular system, spores, seeds, flowers and fruits.
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Credits
Writer, art, animation and edited by Dominic Walliman
I use Adobe Illustrator and After Effects for the graphics (for the many people who ask :)
Additional Footage
- Big Trees And Moss Around Trees In Tropical Forest In Thailand Stock Footage provided by jamejones, from Pond5
- Scenic Nature Background Of Trees Covered With Moss In Deep Wet Forest Stock Footage provided by BananaRepublic, from Pond5
- California Super Bloom 2019 Dolly Shot Poppy Flowers In Lake Elsinore 04 4K Stock Footage provided by lovemushroom, from Pond5
- Daytime Timelapse Pacific Canadian Coast - Mountains & Ocean Stock Footage provided by JasonOpris, from Pond5
- 4K Video Of Rice Farming Landscape. Agriculture Background Stock footage provided by BananaRepublic from Pond5
- Wheat Field Of Gold Color. Real Time. Stock footage provided by Don_Rebe from Pond5
- Organic Golden Ripe Ears Of Wheat In Field, Soft Focus, Closeup, Agriculture Stock footage provided by stststst from Pond5
- Yellow Sunflower Flowers. Agricultural Land. Stock footage provided by kenonl from Pond 5
- Morning In A Forest. Summer Landscape Stock Media provided by nadiya_sergey / Pond5
- Low Flight Over Backlit Agricultural Sprinklers In Field - Aerial Drone Stock Media provided by neelix3k / Pond5
- Pink Sakura Tree Flowers Stock Media provided by nao988 / Pond5
- Green Caterpillar On Grass Macro Stock Footage provided by Mikko, from Pond5
- Zooming Into A Flower Head Stock Media provided by studiofi / Pond5
- White Chamomiles Blossom In Summer Field. Beautiful White Chamomiles. Chamomile Stock Media provided by mishelvermishel / Pond5
Chapters
00:00 Introduction
01:01 Algae
03:32 Land Plants and Bryophytes
04:36 Vascular Plants and Ferns
06:24 Seed plants and Gymnosperms
07:26 Fungi and Lichens
08:26 Angiosperms the Flowering Plants
10:52 Angiosperm Minor Groups
11:53 Monocots
12:53 Eudicots
14:02 Early Diverging Eudicots
15:14 Rosids
17:12 Asterids
18:20 Brilliant
Please do one on fungi!!!! This was amazing!
And then animals!
YES! I second this!!!!
The channel UsefulCharts has a nice, bigger picture "map of life" which includes animals and fungi. But I would love to see Dom's more fleshed out and artistic take on it!!
Good luck their speciation might not be linear in all cases. 😅
Yessssss!
Vanilla is from an orchid!?!? I grew up on a corn farm, studied plants for years in university, worked with plants in three different labs... and I still learned things from this video. What a fantastic overview. Great work Dom!
Hey hey, thanks very much!! 😁
Another fact that is amazing is that orchids are the most numerous group of flowering plants yet we only eat the fruit of a single species of orchid... The vanilla and thhe rest of them are just pretty to us humans.
And I didn't know Brassica oleraceae had so many varieties!
@@isaqkampp4044 There is actually another group of orchids being used for food, some of the genus Orchid. Their roots are made into Salep, which is used to make ice cream.
@@isaqkampp4044 Various orchid species are consumed all over the world, including in Turkey, Central Asia, and much of Africa, although it's usually the tubers being consumed and not the fruit. It takes a lot of labor to produce orchid fruit, so consumption is rare.
Goddamn am I STARVING for good content like this about plants. Not too dry and academic, not too shallow and brief. I have such a lifelong obsession with plants that I even became a horticulturist, and videos like this still leave me feeling like I’ve learned even more.
"Crime Pays Botany Doesn't"
i know!! plants are so underappreciated
Desired level: neurodivergent
In Defense of Plants Podcast/book I am the wrong demographic entirely for Plants but secretly I probably know more than the vast vast majority of the Western world. I dont fit the image or background of a plant nerd but there's a lot of different angles and foils to make them more interesting. Capitalism happened and I eventually gave up and moved on
In Defense of Plants Podcast/book I am the wrong demographic entirely for Plants but secretly I probably know more than the vast vast majority of the Western world. I dont fit the image or background of a plant nerd but there's a lot of different angles and foils to make them more interesting. Capitalism happened and I eventually gave up and moved on
The Sapindales which contain Maples also include more than you would think, notably; Citrus, Cashews, Mangos, Frankincense, Myrrh, Mahogany, Horse Chestnut, and many others…
Yes good point. Would've been good if video had more (or better) examples within each plant order. Rosales contains edible fruits like apple, peach, pear, cherry, apricots, blackberry, strawberry, etc are all in the Rosaceae family within this order. Probably should have mentioned that too!
Did You Know? Two Out Of Three Things Jesus Got are sap
As a botanist and ecologist - as well as a filmmaker who is struggling to tell the story of plant evolution - I can only offer my sincere congratulations on this beautiful, simple, educational and scientifically accurate video. Thank you!
A map of bacteria and one of archaea would be awesome too!
Well, now were tapping into the unknown.
Yes!!
Slime molds! How we all love them!
This
I’m in my last semester of a bachelor’s in Plant Science and I have not seen such a comprehensive and clearly explained taxonomic tree on plants. Took me four years to learn what you summed up in this video. Thank you!
The Fungi map is highly needed. I have been expecting this one on plants for some time. For some reason I thought you already had a map on fungi. Thank you for your videos.
Yes
Studied botany for years and i can safely say this is honestly better than anything I was ever shown in a lecture, bravo to you.
great video, one nitpick: apples and strawberries absolutely are fruits, botanically. Apples are Pomes, a kind of accessory fruit, and Strawberry are an aggregate accessory fruit. it's good to distinguish them from ~berries~ which they are not, but they're absolutely fruits
I think he meant it more in a "the fleshy part is not the fruit but rather a covering of fruits" way than "this is not a fruit".
Came here for this comment / explaination! Agreed 'not a fruit' is too stong, wrong. The fleshy part you eat of an apple/strawberry is not "the fruit" is the meaning i understand now. I think thats consistent?
Biologists have always explained it to me the way he does here. So I think he was just sharing the way biologists define fruit. In daily life, of course strawberries are fruit. Just like cucumbers are vegetables.
The brassicas are such an incredible family. Like the video mentions, a single species can produce cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, collards, Brussels sprouts, kohlrabi, and others. But also in the family is mustard, turnip, rutabaga, rapeseed (canola), radish, horseradish, wasabi, arugula (rocket), watercress, and many more plants that can produce food, ornamental flowers, and dye.
Very cool! One 'snub' is the characterization of Alismatales as pond weeds. Although many of the groups are in fact 'pond weeds' and 'sea grasses' (~500 species) - Alismatales also includes Aroids which have 140 genera, over 4000 species. Including the most familiar houseplants (monstera, philodendron, anthurium, peace lilies), food crops (Colocasia - Taro) and the Amorphophallus titanum famous corpse flower (worlds largest unbranched effloresce).
There we go! I was wondering where all those fit in!
Happy New Year Everyone!! 🥳🍾
Happy new year to you also
Happy still last year 🎉
happy new year to you too！🎉
Happy New Year to you as well!! 🥳🎉
Happy New Year!🥳🍾🥂
"I should probably do a map of fungi as well" Yes please! And the Lichen in-between, maybe?
I wouldn't call lichens in-betweens. More like both at the same time.
Definitely the lichen too!
@pietajunior3437 lol, I meant between when this video aired and before doing a fungi video. How'd it take me so long to see this reply? Buggar! This was a golden misunderstanding I could have had fun, poking fun at myself over!
I don't know why, but it fills my heart with joy knowing that many familiar species we grow on our neighborhood streets, keep in our gardens, and stock in our pantries are all closely related in the Rosid and Asterid groups 🌱❤
I was already rather fond of plants and fungi, both for their aesthetic diversity and also because I learned that a "tree" was a type of plant "shape" rather than a type of plant itself. BUT NOW!!! Now I'm so deeply intrigued that I have to go forth and learn more on my own! Thank you for this wonderful video!
That was absolutely excellent! Simplifying plant taxonomy is a task that almost everyone who has ever attempted has failed. Wow, I almost wish I was a teacher just so that I could show kids this video. Just subbed great job 👍
I love visual mind maps so much!! Thanks for all of these. I also love that you critique the strangeness of it all along with it.
Some inaccuracies: wild carrots being inedible, apples not being fruits because they don’t form from the "plant ovary" (also inaccurate) and therefore being “false fruits” (even though they’re accessory fruits the same way as cucumbers, pumpkins, melons, figs and many others), plant sexual reproduction (see alternation of generations), the number of edible plant species, etc.
I noted those as well. My understanding is that three out of four plants are edible and medicinal. I know that wild carrots are edible, though not very tasty. I enjoyed everything I learned, but it does allow me to remember that there is so much more to learn before we reach a consensus.
@@avermontlife Many plants are grow specifically for human consumption, but I'm not sure 3 out 4 types of plants would be edible. Many people don't even realize, some of their own common tropical house plants are listed as toxic. Others contain sap that can be harmful if handled without gloves.
I was going to say, apples definitely have seeds inside of them. So, isn't that by definition a fruit?
The cores of pears and apples are fruit, the rest is not
@@Tim3.14the outer part most people eat is not a fruit, the core is
Great Video! I'm a botanist and you did a great job giving a drive by explanation of plant diversity! Although, I wish my favorite group, the ferns, got a little more attention. Lol.
a map on ferns would be pretty fun too
I find it very interesting that gourds and pumpkins are so far away from potatoes and nightshades, considering how similar their flowers, fruit, and growth as a vine are.
Carcinization/convergent evolution!
@@Yuvraj. Carcinization is specifically about crabs lol
@@objective_psychology I know, but you can abstract the underlying concept no?
By that logic all vines should be the same species. There’s really absolutely nothing even remotely similar between the two groups, besides the basic vine shape. The flowers are drastically different, the leaves are different, the trichomes and rooting habits are different.
Squashes ("gourds and pumpkins") truly look and grow nothing like nightshades (potatoes, tomatoes, etc.). I'd encourage you to visit a farm or market garden some time (or grow your own food); it's truly rewarding to get to know these plants beyond their immediate utility to us, as served up in grocery stores.
I once did a presentation on this exact kind of thing (focused mostly on the phylogenetic differences between trees called 'cedar' just to narrow it down, but did some comparison within the other conifers, and within angiosperms including the rosids and other eudicots as well), and it's so incredibly amazing to see this as a whole video here on youtube. This is a topic that fascinates me and I love it!
YES, DOMAIN OF SCIENCE POSTED A NEW VIDEO!!! HAPPY NEW YEAR BTW!🎉✨
I'm always amazed at how families like the Rose Family (Rosaceae) include such a wide range of plants... Apples, Pears, Plums, Cherries, Peaches, Apricots, Almonds, Rasperries, Blackberries, Strawberries, Hawthornes... When I was younger if someone told me that cherry trees were a member of the rose family I wouldn't've believed it. But then you look at the leaves, the flowers, and a lot of other features and it all starts to make sense.... but it's still so wild.
This was just beautiful, Dom! I love the borders you did for each group, such a neat little touch 🤌✨ Happy new year! 🎉
I loved them, too.
I did my undergraduate degree in Botany. This video reminded me of all the fascinating things I got to learn in college, and made me realize how much of it I'm yet to explore. This was absolutely wonderful. Also! I checked out the Gunnera leaves after this, woooooah!! ❤
One smal correction: wild white carrots are edible and in midwinter turn fairly sweet.
This was probably one of the most amazing things I learned about plants over the years - especially because it implies that for any given plant, there may well exist related forms varying from enormous old growth trees to miniscule ephemeral herbs, all of which may have recognizable congruent structures in flower, leaf, fruit, or seed, in addition to similar edible or medicinal characteristics. This may also imply that, say, even though there may never have been a tree form of a strawberry, the genetic potential to create one is likely extant in current herbaceous forms.
I would like to see a map of the roots of the tree of life. I know there are five kingdoms: animal, plant, fungus, and two microscopic kingdoms. What I would like is something a little more detailed explaining the relationships between these five kingdoms, those creatures that don't fit neatly into one of these five kingdoms, and perhaps a little about the subkingdoms and superphylums. (No, I do not expect you to talk about all the different phylums of worms).
Happy new year! I love that this Channel is still going strong after thisany years. Fantastic educational Videos that will find their way into so many curriculums or student cram sessions :)
In dutch we have a "vrucht", which has the botanical definition, and "fruit", which has the generic definition
All through high school and college I thought botany was one of the dullest subjects imaginable, but then I somehow got into it and realized how fascinating it really is. It's not just what is known, but what is still unknown; finally DNA is resolving some of the relationships which were only guessed at before. Also the incredible diversity, just when you think you've got a handle on what variety is possible, there's a new plant which upsets your expectations. Did you think you had to visit an alien planet to find a life form with three genders? Nope, there's a plant right here on Earth (purple loosestrife).
I think the most I saw was 5 genders. The lifecycles of microbes are unbelievable and huge advances in the field have been made recently.
Hi :) I was intrigued by that! Where can I read more about the three genders of purple loosestrife?
@@vaniaoliveira1365 Per Wikipedia:"The flowers are reddish purple, 10-20 millimetres (1⁄2-3⁄4 in) in diameter, with six petals (occasionally five) and 12 stamens, and are clustered tightly in the axils of bracts or leaves; there are three different flower types, with the stamens and style of different lengths, short, medium or long; each flower type can only be pollinated by one of the other types, not the same type, thus ensuring cross-pollination between different plants." References are listed there, but I first heard about this as an example in "Origin of the Species".
@@deltalima6703 you should look into fungi. they have so many
@@vaniaoliveira1365 try google scholar, or if you're in uni, jstor might have something. you could always google it and see what resources people link to
Great Video! Please do maps for the other areas of life like fungi and animals
I was thoroughly enjoying this, but had to pause when you stated that there are more toxic plants than nontoxic. My understanding is that three out of four plants are edible and medicinal, meaning 300,000 out of 400,000. It goes to show how diverse our understanding of plants is, and how much more we need to learn in order to reach consensus. I love the map.
Medicinal, though, is maybe a useful kind of toxic? And some of those poisons are pretty fun....
Technically, anything is toxic at the right dose lol
@@seanrrr preponderance produces a powerful placebo
It is possible that they are all edible or medicinal, but people do not know how to prepare them properly for those tasks.
A clearer definition of toxic would have been useful. Nictoine is case in point, I believe tomatoes and eggplants have nicotine, but whether they're toxic is situational.
Fantastic video! I really appreciated the time line and how you included side notes such as fungi, what a fruit is, and the different broccoli variants. Made it so much more relatable.
A map of fungi would be sick!
I have never seen a breakdown of plant evolution like this before. That was amazing.
That was extremely well done, and very enjoyable to watch. Happy New Year!
This is one of the best overviews of plant taxonomy I've seen, being both comprehensive and concise in covering such a large amount of material. Well done!
This was amazing! Thank you and all the people involved for this short but super informative video!
Protect your farmers at all costs. Happy new year DoS!
The story about the primordial cell that got eaten by another cell but didn't die and instead just started simping for the first cell was so relatable.
I literally finally subscribed yesterday after rewatching some of your videos and the next day you upload for the first time in 7 months. This is not the first time this has happened to me
Thank you for taking the time to create and share your work with all of us!
this video insanely satisfy my fascination towards plants and botany, also the details on the borders are neat!
You should indeed, absolutely do a map of fungi as well. I would very much appreciate that!
I really loved how simply all the details are mentioned as a botany student I really appreciate your efforts
Thanks so much! I dream of a day when we show the wonder and awh of evolution by taking better care of our planet and the plants we share it with.
I would love to see you try to do a map of Fishes, particularly the ray find fishes
Thank you! A very valuable map from DoS. 🙏
Fantastic work! This video does a great job of explaining plant relations. You somehow make it novice friendly but detailed enough to surprise and interest the more advanced as well. Would love to see this expanded - this quality on the economic and major families with distinguishing and important features...
You did a great job! I was a biology teacher, and did some botanical fieldwork. I was impressed with how much good information you packed into a short time, and your beautiful art also!
I love your map videos. I would also love to see a part 2 to your reaction to physics in movies. ❤
Fungi Map please ❤
What an incredible video! I could see this 3 or 4 times longer. This video is the first I’ve seen of yours- really like your presentation style and visuals.
Insightful is little to be told and together with thanks it comes a huge virtual hug… We thank you for the enormous effort put on this amazing video and shared with us!
From a horticulturist blog on apples. "...The ovaries at the base of the stigma.7 And the hypanthium8 - that develops into the ‘fleshy’ part of the apple; the part we actually eat - has just begun to swell. The fertilised ovaries, in which the apple’s five seeds, or ‘pips’, will develop, is now encased in the growing hypanthium, which will continue to swell and eventually ripen, to become a deliciously edible apple fruit."
Great work! As a professional plant taxonomist, I've rarely seen plant diversity portrayed in a more accessible manner. One thing: there's a typo in the heading at 13:21. Monocot is misspelled as "Monoct."
This is one of the coolest and most densely packed videos- I had to pause it so many times. New fan! 🥳
Sometimes following a rabbit hole on KZhead throws up some fascinating information, like this, that is not just engaging but superbly presented. Thanks for new learning this Saturday morning!
The "palm" at 12:14 actually looks more like a Cycad. Given the subject of this video these should not be mixed up.
it's def a Cycad not a Palm, very unrelated that looks similar!
Man, you are TRUE plant Expert .. I don't have an interest in plants but I found this video amazing and even saved it as a *"Liked"* video .. Amazing presentation and Amazing video .. Very informative ..
Stumbled upon a replay of your TED talk at xVan over 7 years ago and it made such an impression then that this time as I listened, it seemed important to detail to myself your 4 Principles of relating a detailed scientific or other complex set of transactions. That was when I also tripped onto a video you had made and posted on KZhead, December 31, 2023 on Domain of Science, Dominic Walliman. I was excited because this set of circumstances reminded me a those 'scavenger hunts' my own generation used to engage in for parties and play. I had carefully watched the full video Map of Plants, in preparation for a complex climate-smart agriculture and nutrition education project which will span a number of years to come, hopefully. All the while engaging groups of likeminded or interested parties all along the way. Please accept my humble appreciation and of course, May you and yours...Be In Good Health. 😎
Its hard to believe that you got all those classifications into one compact map. Super informational! Thank you!
I heard once that all plants are poisonous, it only depends to whom. For all the plants we consider edible, we either aren't affected by their poison, or it takes an enourmous dose to do any harm.
Or we eat a none poisonous part after discovering the other part was poisonous. Look at the potatoe.
@@life.with.sabineand with special attention to the yew, its toxic wood can be used to fight cancer and make bows. Only the seed cones are edible
Please don't stop making these videos. It has been a while since the last video 😊
This is something that settles something deep in my soul. I've always loved ecology and pretty flowcharts. This is both. Something I've wanted since forever but couldn't find .
DELIGHTED to see this video pop up on my feed!!
Next: Obviously "ANIMALS"
Hi. Enjoyed this one a lot. Was kind of refreshing as it was something not so much in my subject area. If I am not mistaken, SUGAR CANE and BAMBOO are also grasses, at least this is how a learnt it. It happens so no worries, but did you realise that in the heading at 13:21, the word 'monocot' is incorrectly spelt? 🙂 It doesn't take away from the video at all. You mentioned 'white carrots'. Here in Trinidad, there is something we call morai, which basically looks like a white carrot. It is eaten by some down here, but not so much by myself. The taste is totally different though - strong and slightly pungent to me. Have a good upcoming year.
Right, the grass family has a huge variety including sugarcane and bamboo.
Yeah, bamboos are just giant grasses. I wish he would've mentioned that.
The daikon (= morai I think) is a rosid, carrots are asterids!
I thought I would have to spend hours studying, but you summed up pretty much everything I need to know in 10 minutes (I watched it on double speed)! This is a very well made video, thank you so much and keep up the great work :) ❤
Cucumber is a fruit, apple is not. I've been lied to all this time! 😅
So heating oceans equal less oxygen for us.
What a lovely, beautiful way to show plant evolution in a nutshell! Absolutely adore that cartoonish-notes map-style idea of yours, brilliant!!! 😊😊
Thankyouuuuu sooo much for providing such great vedios on KZhead ! Happy New year 🦀
I will never be vegan again
What's veganism got to do with this ?
@@MukulVyas5who knows
Did the vegan police get you?
@@asahearts1yes, i was the vegan police
@@_Balduino_ You once were a ve-gon, but now you will be gone. No vegan diet, no vegan powers.
This is a fantastic video. I appreciate the asides for things like the foods we get from the brassica species. Excellent stuff!
Finally you posted! Happy New Year 🎊
Yes please do one for fungi! I'm a nature guide and these sorts of simplified top-down comparisons are great
Absolutely amazing video! I love learning by categorizing things and this video was perfect. Really well done and thank you!
Terrific concept to quickly give the evolutionary overview and phylogeny of plants…much thanks
Your work is so amazing. I consider you a personal inspiration and a role model of scientific endeavor.
That was an awesome review. Thank you and keep 'em coming. I would especially be interested to see anything on plants used medicinally.
LOVE PLANTS! - Thankyou Happy new years!
Thank you for this video, i always hope that you make more maps on biology field, great work!
I absolutely loved this! So fascinating! Thank you for this!!
I LOVE YOUR MAPS THE WORLD HAS NEEDED THESE!
Wow, this was extremely interesting. I learned more about plants in these 20 minutes than in the whole rest of my life.
WOW! This was great. I'll be coming back to listen to it again, probably a few times. Thanks
This is an absolute masterpiece and is gonna help so much in plant ecology this semester
Glad you uploaded after lot of time it's always fun to see your video
amazingly clear, and well structured. Thank you!
My mom and i talk about how brilliant and personable you are all the time. Thank you Wallyman.
That was so interesting, thx ! The map you drew is very beautiful
Excellent pedagogical video on all aspects...Thank you !
I wish I could have sat with my grandmother and watched this, talked to her about it, she would have enjoyed it so so much she loved plants.
You are the man! I have been writing a long story on the evolution of the nervous system and brain. I recently started drawing my “map” out too. More so the animal lineage relevant to humans. Love this!
If you see this, I would love to know what you used to animate this video! Thank you sir
Excellent, really glad to see more of your great work.
I absolutely love the work you did !!! Amazing ❤️❤️
I'm so glad with this knowledge ♥ Thank you for sharing