How Voyager 2 Threaded The Needle Through Space
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In this video, we examine the amazing physics and navigation systems that made the incredible lifelong journey of NASA's Voyager 2 space probe through our solar system possible. From approaching Neptune, the furthest planet in our solar system, to continuing its journey some 20 billion kilometers from Earth, we explore the remarkable technology that enabled this probe to escape our solar system and navigate through the vast expanse of space.
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Short on time? Feel free to skip ahead in this video using the chapter links below.
00:00 How Voyager 2 Escaped The Solar System
01:05 How Voyager 2 Used Gravity Assists
03:31 How Voyager 2 Left Our Solar System
04:59 About Voyager 2's Navigation System
06:55 How Well Did Voyager 2's Navigation System Work?
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Written and edited by Ewan Cunningham ( / ewan_cee )
Narrated by: Beau Stucki (www.beaustucki.com/)
Music used in this video:
Cosmic Groove - Cooper Cannell
Sprightly Pursuit - Cooper Cannell
Third Eyes - Bobby Renz
Stuck In The Air - The Tower Of Light
Lights In The Abyss - Serge Pavkin Music
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#Nasa #Voyager2 #PrimalSpace
What's your favourite NASA mission? - Shoutout to Displate for making this video possible! Get up to 37% off their awesome NASA posters here: displate.com/promo/primalspace/?art=63dd2d5550486
Parker solar probe is my favorite nasa space mission.
My favorite NASA mission is Artemis 1.
if the FAA clear them. i hope to keep uptate with you guys.
James webb telescope, we had to wait soooo long but it was so worth it!
Parker solar probe is my favorite nasa space mission.
All those calculations, all that precision, with 1970s technology. So amazing. Going farther than anything had gone before.
and than people say we cant beat monder day problems , like climte change, we can do everhting if we just want!
And still you mock the homeless when NASA spends $65MM per day to produce sub-par CGI nonsense. Enjoy the matrix, Cypher.
@@anno-fw7xn tougher to beat a government paid for theory....
@@anno-fw7xn can’t beat it because it’s a revenue generator a lovely fear tax.
An average ksp player could plot such multiple gravity assist in an afternoon considering the simplified two-body model used by stock ksp.If you consider the multi-body model that would take mouths,not to mention the difficulty to set up fail-safe plans
Love how we're still talking about Voyager almost 50 years later - shows the intelligence (and some luck) of the engineers and team members! Keep trucking Voyager!!
Absolutely!
Can't wait for it to come back as a sentient being in the 23rd century 😉
@@avinashtyagi2 hahahahaha Voyager T-800, i'll be back.
@@avinashtyagi2 love the V'ger reference
We left the nuclear age and teched up to rhe plastic age. Everything is disposable and nothing lasts past the warranty.
Fun fact: Voyager 1 was launched almost at the same time as Voyager 2 and was also capable of making the full four-planet tour but it was deliberately directed to take a much closer look at Saturn's moon Titan instead because of the unusual properties of that satellite. (it's the only moon with substantial atmosphere) This trajectory made it impossible for Voyager 1 to continue on to Uranus and Neptune.
№#№❤
Voyager 1 could have gone to Pluto directly from Jupiter. But Titan was considered more scientifically valuable.
The "Grand Tour" was only an option. Voyager's original mission was Jupiter-Saturn-Titan. If V1 failed at Titan, NASA & JPL would send V2 to perform the same Titan rendezvous. It was V1's success @ Titan that allowed V2 to complete The Grand Tour.
@@srinitaaigauraI don’t think Pluto was known at the time, let me go check that
@@srinitaaigauranvm, I am made of stupid
I have a very fond spot for both Voyagers. The Lunar Module and both Voyagers - my personal favourite vehicles to date. And all achieved by brilliant mission teams with no experience of doing that previously. Today's mission teams standing on the shoulders of giants. Thank you for this very interesting presentation.
So true. Some truly amazing and inspiring achievements. Thank you for your comment and so glad that you enjoyed my video.
It's so insane to know how smart we humans are. That we can calculate and execute such exact journeys. Absolutely mindblowing.
And yet people like furries exist
Or below that: Trump supporters 😉
And also Bolsonaro supporters
@@JL-1701 Or Biden supporters both are bad USA needs a 3 alternative
@@Rando423 Hey. What they do on their downtime doesn’t mean they’re not rocket scientists.
Its mindblowing to think that it is even possible to get something from here on earth to another place so far away so accurately, actually insane.
Agreed! Absolutely mind-blowing 🤯
humans are pretty pog like that
only computations were slower everything else same as today
@@pigmentpeddler5811 Indeed.
physics 🤟baby
My goodness. The engineering required for this is insane. Just mind boggling. Thanks for showing it in such an understandable fashion!
Thank you! So glad that you enjoyed the video and my explanation.
Voyager 2 arrived at Jupiter 1.4 seconds late and only 60km off course! Simply amazing! Till this day, I still watch Voyager 2-related videos. This probe has a special place in my heart.
Its incredible
Can't even state just how amazing that was, engineers really are geniuses!
Agreed!
@@primalspace Yup, it's always management that spoils the party.
Misuse of a comma.
The Voyager probes are probably my favorite "space ship". They were launched when I was still quite young...sadly too young to really remember. They've been with me my whole life, and frankly are one of the reasons that I have been fascinated my entire life by space and science in general. Soon my friends will go silent as they continue their eternal journey, and I will miss them terribly.
It's insane to think about the amount of math involved with this and being able to live in an era where I get to enjoy the results including the photos of far away planets in our solar system.
Absolutely mind blowing!
It’s Fakery.
@@michael.forkert And proof?
@@Haz0052-tu7rr _Newton’s Third Law of Motion is the proof. NOTHING flies, floats or can be steered in a vacuum._
@@michael.forkert thats a nice argument michael, why dont you back it up with a source?
The precision and calculations that mustve gone into that is mindblowing
💯💯💯
Great overview of the systems involved, what an amazing journey.
Thank you so much! Truly an amazing journey to learn about and I'm so glad you enjoyed my explanation of it all. Cheers and thanks again for the support!
4 Billion Km journey. That’s insane. Love the content.
Thank you. So glad you enjoyed it!
@D. It was an RTG.
@D. Not solar panels. radioisotope thermoelectric generators. They have no moving parts, there is no risk of parts wearing out or malfunctioning.
I really love how advanced space travel has gotten. Using stars, the sun, and radio signals to find your way back seems so cool to me!
And to me as well! So glad that you enjoyed the video!
Even better now. Orion spacecraft have most advanced navigational system as for this day, and that was one of main things to test. Probably more important then whole Artemis program.
5:37 the missile knows where it is by knowing where it isn't lol
Crazy what they did back then. I’m so hyped for the upcoming testflight of Starship. I can’t wait and hope that it will lift of.
💯💯💯
So what did you think?
it was 50% successful
Well it sure lifted off, haha
@@Hawk7886 Remind me of N-1. This thing could do pretty much same things as starship promised to do and was very promising in general.
Honestly, I have a lot of confidence for the starship tests. I feel like all will go pretty well. At worst probably some error that will delay the starship for like half an hour, but nothing too bad. There could also be the possibility of superheavy landing incorrectly, which we’ve seen many times before with the stages of falcon 9.
I could definitely see this being the case.
Starship will only work as an interplanetary transport. It’s too big and will be too heavy to land on mats without slowing down massively along with huuuuuuuuuuuuuuge parachutes since Martian Air is so thin. Honestly the money would be better used to create a mobile space station in an figure 8 orbit between earth and the moon
@@jaythekid4728 "starship will work as an interplanetary transport" uhhh that's what going to mars means? Also it doesn't have to rely on parachutes given how it's already rocket powered. If it can land on earth, it most definitely can land on mars too
@@jaythekid4728 A parachute would need to have around a 350km radius, if entirely reliant on the parachute, whereas the Starship could just land as designed. Did you know that it was designed to be interplanetary? It's not going to find it much more difficult to land on Mars, and slowing down is accomplished in the same way it speeds up at the start of the mission - being precisely the same mechanism. Fuel is the main issue, so it will refuel at StarGas1, StarGas2, and StrGas3. This will give it enough to complete it's one-way mission, to then either get stripped and used for materials, or refueled for a later trip/lifeboat, etc. Or just a place to chill out when the weather's a bit glum.
@@jaythekid4728 How would that even work? You know the moon isn't stationary relative to Earth, right? (I know I sound like an asshole but I'm genuinely curious)
Just remember this kiddos: when you think Jupiter is far away, remember that Neptune is a staggering 5 times (roughly) the distance Sun-Jupiter...
9:37 - that's a funny looking Jupiter
It should've been Saturn
What a great video! I am a Ph.D student in Aerospace engineering and gravity assist design is my area of research! You did a great job summing it up into a nice easy to follow video! Also I think the starship launch will go really well but there will be some sort of a failure on reentry
Thank you so much. I'm really glad that you enjoyed this video and my explanation. Good luck in the giveaway!
All the very best and God bless you all ...for such great work.
HOW DID HE KNOOOWWW
@@sussydogelikesplanes well he's a Ph.D student in aerospace engineering 😂
@@i_never_had_a_burger i know but how does he know that starship would have a reentry failure
How the hell did we figure this stuff out 😮
he legit explained it
Sliderules, chain-smoking Lucky Strikes, and escaped Nazis.
Voyager is truly amazing Absolute props to every single person who worked on it
Only by mentioning the 42km/s threshold can I really wrap my head around the brilliance of Voyager 2's travel. It managed to escape that much pull and is still somehow moving at a constant 17km/s
Pretty amazing stuff!
I discovered your channel just now, and this video told me everything I need to know about your channel. The way you explained everything was so simple, yet so effective. It’s insane how they figured out complex space science/math back then, can’t wait to see what the future will hold. Relating to starship, I think the flight test will go somewhat smoothly, since they have experience with the falcon boosters. Although, I’m sure some problems will arise, but making mistakes is all part of becoming better!
Thank you so much! I'm so glad that you enjoyed this video and thank you for sharing your predictions as well. Good luck in the giveaway and welcome to the community!
5:35 The Voyager Probe knows where it is at all times. It knows this because it knows where it isn't. By subtracting where it is from where it isn't, or where it isn't from where it is (whichever is greater), it obtains a difference, or deviation. The guidance subsystem uses deviations to generate corrective commands to drive the probe from a position where it is to a position where it isn't, and arriving at a position where it wasn't, it now is. Consequently, the position where it is, is now the position that it wasn't, and it follows that the position that it was, is now the position that it isn't. In the event that the position that it is in is not the position that it wasn't, the system has acquired a variation, the variation being the difference between where the probe is, and where it wasn't. If variation is considered to be a significant factor, it too may be corrected by the GEA. However, the probe must also know where it was. The Voyager guidance computer scenario works as follows. Because a variation has modified some of the information the probe has obtained, it is not sure just where it is. However, it is sure where it isn't, within reason, and it knows where it was. It now subtracts where it should be from where it wasn't, or vice-versa, and by differentiating this from the algebraic sum of where it shouldn't be, and where it was, it is able to obtain the deviation and its variation, which is called error.
The voyager knows where it is. The voyager knows where it is because it knows where it isn't.
I always knew the Voyager mission was special but this video was so well made that I am even more impressed with the voyager mission. The self correcting Gimbal system is absolutely fantastic. Regarding the upcoming Starship tests, I think they will go well since it is a pretty expensive project, could be a few delays to get things right but I can't wait to watch it!
this is the power of maths
💯💯💯
The commercial was brought smooth
Haha thanks
the fact a space probe built in it's time could travel such an extreme distance and follow a specific route so precisely is absolutely incredible!
"These GIANT MAGNETS" got me good... lool
Haha glad you got a good laugh at that one!
0:02 Pluto receiving no love
I know. It makes me sad too 😢
The nasa engineer that discovered the alignment is my great uncle, Gary Flandro he just turned 90. I’ve met him several times he’s a cool guy, he told me that they even used some of his hand calculated trajectories in the final launch
Beautiful graphics and animations in this video, as well is a focus on technical specifics on Voyager 2 that I have not seen in other videos on Voyager. Well done Primal Space!!
Thank you so much! So glad that you enjoyed this one!
The more I learn about Voyager (and I've been around since the launches!) the more I recognise that this mission is a feat of extreme space engineering genius. For different reasons, clearly, I truly believe it matches Apollo.
Actually mind blowing the amount of calculations that went into this program, and I'm so glad that it was a success. Hopefully starships first test flight will be as big a success as Voyager 2 was.
Incredibly mind blowing. And I hope so too! Good luck in the giveaway!
Thank you for this video. Brilliantly explained 👍🏽. Wish it was longer!
Thank you so much! So glad you enjoyed it!
The Voyager knows where it is at all times.
Finger crossed starship will launch wit no technical difficulties. That's poster with Saturn V is a beautiful picture of it!
Love the videos! Keep up the good work!!
Thank you so much! So glad you're enjoying them!
BEST SPACE VIDEO I THINK.. HOW THINGS WORK... SO MUCH MATHS AND PRECISION !
The amount of tech involved is just amazing. It isnt just a piece of metal flung into space, but a complex piece of machinery flying with extreme precision!
Wow that was such an insane engineering, I am incredibly fascinated
Definitely fascinating stuff! Glad you enjoyed it too!
Wat an incredible masterpiece
Your videos are always so great to watch! The production value is top-notch! Keep 'em coming!
Thank you so much! Means so much that you enjoy them!
This is some amazing engineering🚀
Voyager is one of the most fascinating projects taken up by humans in my eyes.
Agreed!
Love how informational this video was! Thank you
Thank you 🙏 So glad you enjoyed it
This is just mind blowing, and that gimbal is ingenious - serious street cred in the hood with that bad boy.
0:26 I love how this animation lines up perfectly with the actual narrative. Very clever.
The distance traveled by the Voyagers seems incredible to us, but it will never be compared to the distances between stars or galaxies, let alone the size of the universe. Thanks for the interesting video.
Amazing video. It's crazy how far humans have come in turns of space travel. I can't wait to see how NASA's Artemis missions turn out!
I can't wait either. And thank you so much. So glad you enjoyed the video!
Best video I’ve seen! Incredible graphics made it easy to understand the complexity of the mission. Thanks for such a great explanation!!
Thank you so much! Really glad that you enjoyed it!
That was a super cool video man. Thank you so much for putting that together. I really enjoyed that.
Thank you so much 🙏 Really glad that you enjoyed it!
Fascinating stuff on the voyager though. Can you do some more on it? Specifically how, and what it's doing in deep space?
I'll definitely add that to my list of requests. Thank you for the suggestion!
Awesome video. I never grasphed how narrow the timing and positioning had to be for something like this to succeed. Truely marvelous that we are able to oberserve and calculate these orbits to such precision. Too bad we are busy with all the shit going on at home, or else we could already conquer space.
Space is such a fascinating topic. Great video!
Agreed! Always so much to learn and to be inspired by. Thank you for watching and so glad you enjoyed it!
Ok, I have a new appreciation for the work behind the voyager mission... wow!
Amazing video and very well designed as always. Regarding SpaceX, I am not sure what’s going to happen with Ship and Booster but one thing is certain, it will be a great show and one of the most followed stream for years regarding the space conquest! There are so many beautiful projects that depend on the results of the starship!
Agreed! And thank you so much. I'm really glad you enjoyed the video!
Awesome video! Super excited for Starship’s first launch, hoping with all my heart that it will go well. Given the amount of time and effort so many people have put into it, the launch should go well. The physics of it are crazy, but I’m so excited to see its wonders of engineering roar to life. Hopefully it can complete what it’s meant to do, and allow humans to travel to the moon, mars, and beyond. Every time I see a photo of Starship it just amazes me at the amazing things humans are capable of, and what our future could be. Go Starship!!!!!
I love the optimism and I'm hoping for the best as well! Thank you for sharing your predictions and so glad you enjoyed the video. Good luck in the giveaway!
This is by far the best video I have seen on the internet explaining the voyager mission. They are still going strong for the most part. Maybe some day something will find it.
The accuracy of these calculations never cease to blow me away
I think Starship will have a good launch but the landing might be a bit hard. Not a crash but not as smooth as they would expect. Thanks for another awesome video !
I could definitely see that being the case. Thanks for sharing and so glad you enjoyed the video. Good luck in the giveaway!
It's incredible to me that gravity assists can provide so much extra energy. I'm sure this is discussed abundantly, but this very much appears like a source of endless free energy. I guess it just appears that way because these planets are so massive we don't think about how Voyager changed their orbits by pulling on them. :D
This is amazing!!!!!
1.4 seconds late....that ....is just incredible ! What a great video :)
In my opinion, the first starship launch will work :)
I just imagine the first thing aliens pick up is just a message to voyager saying “fix your trajectory dumb fuck”
😂😂😂
good explanations and narrator thankyou 🙂 x
That is just so incredible and awe inspiring. Such perfect calculations had to be made and adjustments and tech designed to get the probe out there. Just incredible. Really makes you wonder what’s truly possible…
It really does! So much to come in the future I'm sure!
I think the Starship launch will go pretty well. The space enthusiast within me wants to expect a positive outcome and a successful mission but I am little bit skeptical on the landing part tbh. Kudos on amazing work Primal Space 🚀
oh well....
How Voyager threaded the needle: calculus and algebra. Page, after page, after page of calculus and algebra.
Omg your content is so out of this world,i'm so glad that i found your channel
Thank you so much! So glad that you're enjoying the channel!
Amazing video man, thank you so much for this!
Thank you so much! Really glad you enjoyed it!
I hope Starship will go perfectly! 🎉 But I wouldn’t be surprised if they experience a few failures. I think starship will reach orbit but superheavy will land slightly off target and thus have to abort. But starship will re-enter and land great (whether they decide to do a water splashdown or a falcon 9 style landing like we saw with sn 15). Love you vids btw- keep on going! What ever happens with the starship orbital launch we can expect a very exciting show lol!
I could definitely see that being the case. Thank you for sharing your predictions and so glad you enjoyed the video. Good luck in the next giveaway!
My two mayor concerns about the starship launch are the reliability of the 33 engines in the first stage and the heat shield. Dunno, but seeing how every static fire one or two engines shut down, makes me worried. But they made some big improvements on the heat shield, so Im not as concerned... Thanks for making all these giveaways! Can I ask how you pick the winner?
They were just testing the engines auto abort mode .. So it was partially intentional ...
@@nirbhayatiwari5425 and why did they replace some engines after every static fire where some engines didnt fire?
@@astronautnr7 Only one engine was replaced which was shut off prior static fire ... The engine which was auto aborted was not replaced ...
great video explaining the history of this amazing trip!
Thank you 🙏 So glad you enjoyed it!
Cool! Thanks for the simple and informative explanation!
So glad you enjoyed it!
I think starship will successfully launch into low earth orbit, but won't go any further. Hopefully it completes the whole trip though. I love your work primal space 🚀🌌
I think Starship's first test flight will go smoothly with minor issues. But if it doesn't, it's still a success as that "failure" or "rapid unscheduled disassembly" will provide valuable lessons and insight for SpaceX for the next line of Starships. Overall, an exciting event for Spaceflight. The most powerful rocket of our time taking off.
Haha, way to hedge your bet.
@@Hawk7886 Yep At least they now know a lot of issues lol
I never imagine this mission was so timely perfect and creative, thank You for sharing
It was pretty inspiring to learn about for sure! Glad you enjoyed it!
Bro, thank you so much for this, i enjoyed it so much
Thank you! So glad you enjoyed it!
Voyager 2 is quite literally the coolest thing done by humanity. I don’t think anything is topping this.
I really think that the starship mission is going to be a huge success BUT it may be delayed a bit(not a lot like Artemis) either due to minor inconveniences or the weather. Now we just have to wait and watch to see what happens. Got my hopes up for this one🤞
After these delays I'm really hoping everything goes well! Fingers crossed!
@@primalspace Very informative video btw. I learnt a lot of new things about the Voyager spacecraft especially its navigation part. Thank you so much 😁
Ok I'm facing it. I'm a CS major student and astronomy is one of my minors because of calculus and stuff. But still even thinking of something that complex and precise, it's mind boggling!!!!
Best Explanation Ever. Thank You 🙏 Sir
Thank you so much! So glad you enjoyed it!
20 years journey and he arrived right on time. Just 1.4 secs late. Kudos to those scientists they are the real alpha males
Kudos is right!
voyager 2 knew where it was because it knew where it isn't
Just like the missile
Also hilarious comment
Love the Voyager videos. Such great detailed information! Thanks, keep up the good work!
Thank you so much 🙏🙏 So glad you enjoyed it!
What an amazing feat of human ingenuity. Thanks for making this in depth video.
Pretty amazing! And thank you so much for watching. Really glad that you enjoyed it.
I keep thinking about all that compute power back then was probably less than that of the phone that Im watching on rn
Right? Pretty mind blowing when you think about it.
How much precise the calculation was!!!
Very informative, I properly learnt about gravity assist maneuver through this video. Thank you ❤️
Thank you for watching! So glad you enjoyed it!
Personally, I think that during the Starship test flight it will all be OK until a certain moment, maybe a few minutes after launch, when a fatal error will cause it to go off course and crash. Nevertheless, I hope that doesn't happen, even though I think that (or something similar) will
Neptune isn't that blue by the way
You been?
One of the best explaination. Easy to digest, attractive, and on point. Just great!
Thank you so much! Really glad you enjoyed it!
Excellent video! The precision needed in the maths must have been crazy. A fantastic effort by the whole voyager team.
Thank you so much! So glad you enjoyed the video!
2:42 😂😂
2:44 *Record scratch plus ad starts* Just kidding
@@bluey-next777😅😅