Albanian Varieties | Can they understand each other?
Albanian is a unique languages that occupies an independent branch within the Indo-European family. It is an official language in Albania, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, and has minority status in Italy, Romania, Montenegro, and Serbia. The Albanian language has a wide range of varieties, with two major groups of Gheg and Tosk. Within the Tosk group, Arbëresh is one of the five sub-dialects, with the other ones being Northern Tosk, Labërisht, Çam, and Arvanitika. Arbëresh (arbërisht) derives from a medieval variety of Tosk and retains many features of medieval Albanian. It is spoken by the Arbëreshë people in Italy. In this video, we will take a look at the similarities and differences between three verities, with Martin representing Arbëresh from Sicily, Leutrim representing Ghegh from Kosovo, and Aurel representing Tosk from Albania. Tosk (toskë or toskërisht) is the basis of the standard Albanian language, with the major Tosk-speaking groups being the Myzeqars of Myzeqe, Labs of Labëria, Chams of Çamëria, Arvanites of Greece and the Arbëreshë of Italy. The Gheg variety (gegnisht) is spoken in northern and central Albania, Kosovo, northwestern North Macedonia, southeastern Montenegro and southern Serbia.
Please contact us on Instagram if you have any questions or feedback: / bahadoralast
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Martin's channel: @ARBERESH
Martin's Soundcloud: soundcloud.com/martin-hasan-d...
Video of Martin talking about Arbëresh: • Video
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If you enjoyed this video, check out this video comparing Arvanitika, Arberesh and standard Albanian on Martin's channel: kzhead.info/sun/jLV8fZh5mYiIooE/bejne.html As well as this brief interview about Sicilian words in Arbëresh: kzhead.info/sun/p9OIqp2sbmmsqY0/bejne.html Please follow and contact us on Instagram if you have any suggestions or if you speak a language that has not been featured before and would like to participate in a future video: instagram.com/BahadorAlast
Interesting comparison
Let's not forget about the Arvanitika Albanians in Greece
sir is it possible for finding Sanskrit connection with Albanian?
@@santosh-un2bj Not sure what do you mean with connected, Albanian doesn't come from Sanskrit, it is not Indo-Iranian but from a sister branch (both are Indo-European), it means Albanian is as far away from it as English, French or Polish are.
I❤Albanian
We’re so lucky to have the Arbëresh. They are our truth. We need to protect them and help preserve the Arberesh language. Love this video. Super informative and big thanks to Martin for all the great work he does.
Thank you
Greece has been trying to present them as "greeks"
@ You are the only proof that destroys all the propaganda the Serbs and the Greeks try to spread. Arvanites were assimilated by Greeks and by genocide, it is only the Arberesh people that prove the history of Albanians and the historical injustice that happened to them.
@Базирани Србо Hahaha this guy. Even the word Balkan or Ballkan is in Albanian. Ball means forehead and Kan means to have. Serbia or S'arbia means S = Not Arber. Or Zerbia. Zer = Voice. Bia = Daughter. Only the fathers DNA can make one an Arber. You are not. The name suggests so. Iliri or Illyria means Ill Yll Ell Il el or Hyll Hell Hill etc all mean Star. Ri means New. A means Is. Hellada means. Hell = Star, A =Is , Da = Split. Thats the story of Epirus. It was split in North and South. North Epirus aka Eperme (which means The High Lands In Albanian) is Albania and South Eperme is the Peloponnesian. Get lost I2J is Russia DNA. Not from the Balkans. Otherwise the Greeks would be I2J. But they're mainly Ev13. The original Balkans haplogroup.
@Базирани Србо Do you even know which language you speak? This is weird watching some of you Serbs making these wild fantasy claims Which historians or linguist are claiming that Albanians came from Caucasus and Serbs are ancient Vinca culture? Just name one because i have been searching for a long time. These are the things i found so far. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbs#Arrival_of_the_Slavs en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serboi en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanoi You are from middle ages formation. Albanians are from the bronze Age
Let's not forget about Arvanitika in Greece which like Arbëresh preserved archaic elements of Albanian.
❤🇦🇱yes they sound like a mix or Gheg and Arberësh
@@avitiusrufinus6980 Would be nice to see how well they understand it.
@loder Man well I am sure Arberesh is not easy either to find but he managed
@loder Man arvanitas are not assimilate but most of them don't say it they are arvanitas, and those who say are arvanitas don't say have Albanian origins but Greek one.
Honestly most Arvanites don't speak the language, they speak Greek.
Proud of Albanian people in Sicily . Amazing people with big heart! Their food is heaven and cannoli from Piana degli Albanesi are paradise! Huge respect to this community and all Albanian nation ( Albania , Kosovo and Italian Albanian). You are brothers with the same blood. Forza Albania 🇦🇱❤️
Thanks are you Italian ?
Grazie mile
Grazia mile fratello saluto from Kosova 🇮🇹🇦🇱🇽🇰
Respect
@@milotfokusi2124 yes I’m 100% Italian and I love Albania 🇦🇱♥️
The harder I study Albanian and the varieties, the better I understand that the root words are exactly the same in all of the varieties. Some words have changed the meaning from its basic form historically, but still it is very relatable for me. I love Albanian!
Semantic shift is very common phenomena among all languages over time depending on the environment each variety evolve.
@@spata84 yeah, and not only the semantics. There are also pragmatic shifts. Words have different context in different varieties. I know that this is natural, and that is why dialects exist in the first place. Lots of respect to You! ❤
@@spata84 we have a word that has seemingly shifted semantically in a drastic manner, the term “ngulem” means “I lay down”
@ I know you have many examples like this but the beauty of it, for me, is that mostly all terms in arberesh make sense in modern albanian so we can use it in the same context but we just don't. Sometimes we use different words or the same but in other form. In this case we use a very similar word which apparently derives from the same root. To me the etymological root is obvious: n'gu'lem = ulem, shtrihem ose ulem shtrire. ne-gju/gjunje-lem i can see the composite of the older language arbereshe word ne-gju/nje = on the knee and lem = verb suffix which has been "refined" overtime into simpler modern form "ulem" , or "unjem" in some dialects, where a lot of consonant have been dropped and made it seems like it is one word with no clue of its composite nature. And thank god arbereshe and dialects still exist because the standardization is suffocating Albanian language. Without all the varieties it will be harder to understand the origin Diversity enriches it and it has to be protected somehow. Until now the so called "standart" has been exclusive in nature by eliminating most "dialectal" lexicon or grammar very arbitrary. This has been a common error made by all European Accademia but from quite some time now they have admitted the mistake and moved forward by making more and more inclusive policies regarding their language. I know for a fact that UE is paying local municipalities for teaching purely dialect varieties. Unfortunately this concept is hardly understood yet in Albania. Anyway lets hope it will change. BTW is it you in this video ?
@@internet4543 bullshit. Turkish had no effect what so ever on Albanian language besides some isolated loan words. there are no more than 1500 loan words coming from Turkish. No linguist ever has made and can make such a claim. I don't know your motives but i can guess you are some uneducated kid from Balkans. have a nice day you moron.
The Arbëreshë Albanians came to Italy starting in the 14th century as a consequence of the Ottoman invasion of the Balkans. It is remarkable that they have retained so much of their language and culture. This is an anthropological miracle!
Most of them are the direct descendands of Gjergj Kastrioti (Skanderbeg)
@@chuckytehboy6168 so it was one family that moved?
@@chuckytehboy6168 Well, no that's not true, a single family cannot become an entire ethnic group, that's too absurd. Skanderbeg's family became integrated into the Italian nobility, while the rest of the refugees are largely common people, part of the clergy and other noble families such as the Muzaka.
@@julianfejzo4829 in our village the founders were from the muzaka family
@ very interesting entry in Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzaka_family p.s. region of Myzeqe is in central-west Albania, mainly the Municipality of Fier & Municipality of Lushnje. But it seems that originally they were from Opar of Korca.
Gheg isnt only spoken in Kosovo. It is spoken by Albanians of Macedonia and by the northern half of Albania itself. Anyway great video as always.
You're right. I mentioned it in the description.
Capital of Gheg albanians (Dardania) was Skopje, the capital of modern macedonia.
@@ZettQF wasnt only dardania gheg. But also Ardiani(ardiaei) Albani etc.
@@denissaliaj9459 ardiei was in gheg area
@@albodab1468 thats what i said
All 3 were very knowledgeable, and Martin had a lot of interesting facts to share. That was great.
He's really good!
@@mahirhaxhiu7846 Martini eshte studjues i gjuhes arbereshe dhe me duket sa e ndegjova, eshte doktor i gjuhes.
@@iluminatiiluminati7823 jam linguist dhe jam anglo-arberesh
I agree with Martin. There is no need for purification when you can beautifully enrich the official language by adding instead of taking away.
Ciao Mendje, Just caught this Vid... I agree 100% with you !!! Let's preserve what we have !!! Greetings from the United States 🇺🇸 Unë jam Arbëreshë. Take Care, Mirumpfashim, Thanasi 🇦🇱☦🇮🇹 Th
Not agreed , let us take out what is not albanian and preserve what is alabanian, then we understand what we are talking about...........
I think that extreme purification may take away some elements of a dialect that give it its natural character, for example there are some words that hold place in common sayings, etc., but Albanians from Albania have the luxury of not having to fight to be Albanian, do much so they use foreign words like its cool. Foreign words are often a sign of foreign occupations, cultural rape, and forced assimilation.
@@amaranthine90 exactly
@@amaranthine90 whereas our romance borrowings are a sign of coexistence
Amazing! Honestly, this was the best video so far. It was insightful, very educational, and fun to follow along. Thanks to all four of you. Albanian is a linguistic treasure in the middle of Europe which must be studied and understood better and more extensively. So I really admire Martin for his work. It's really commendable!! Albanian varieties are traced back to the different Albanian tribes, variants of a single linguistic system that to date isn't really closely connected to any other language.
I’m from central Albania and I understand perfectly well all of the dialects. Great video! Thanks 🙏🏻
HI!! Kam nevojë për ndihmë për kuptimin e një fjale, por nuk di të shkruaj ( I need help understanding the meaning of a word, but I can not write ). the word has the following sounds: Lee+too+shi - faleminderit!
My family is from an Arbëresh enclave in the Southern Italian region of Molise called Këmarini (or "Campomarino" in Italian). It was founded by Albanian refugees that fled to Italy after the Ottoman invasions, and to these days the traditional dialect is still spoken, with lots of streets that are bilingual or named for important Albanian people (for example, the main avenue is called Corso Skanderbeg)
Do you still speak Arbëresh dialect?
@@amarildo4040 I don’t, but some old towners actually do
Love Molise
@@francescogiovannizollo2989 try to study it if it‘s your identity
I'm Croatian and I know there are Molise Croats who retained their language as well, they also came probably around the same time, for the same reasons
Great video! Albanian is such an interesting and intriguing language. Happy to see Martin back 😊
I'm amazed that my KZhead algorithm suggested me this insightful video! This is literally so cool, i underestimate my albanian language sometimes caude i live abroad and don't get the chance to use it very often, but ugh, this made me nostalgic almost and proud of the varieties, cause we still understand each other pretty well and the community is actually pretty big, no matter how the geo-politics changing over the years. Amazing, thank you for this!
I knew I liked you! Thanks a lot for this wonderful video and as always thank you for your unbelievable work!
What I love in all these videos is that you try to bring people together through languages and this totally shows us we have nothing to separate.
Fake news. They speak the same language but different dialects......
@@agimternova5150 8:29 😂
You are doing great Job! Thank you that you came to this topic!
I like that you are trying to capture the albanian complexity with this video and seeing diffreneces in dialects. I love the vids you make about Albania
YESSSS SHQIPPPP!!! GJUHA MË TË VEÇANT NË TË GJITH BOTËS! THANK YOU BAHADOR! Much love to all Albanian speakers who have persisted and kept their language alive..from the Arbëresh of Italy and Argentina to the Arvanites of Greece, to the Arbanasi of Croatia to the Arnaut of Turkey and Ukraine and to the thriving diaspora stretching from Australia to America -- we are all Shqiptar!
Rrofte Shqiperia/Arberia mos vdekshim kurrë
Also syria lebanon and Egypt and Iraq and of old Albanian familys build alot of things like mosuest from dugagjin decendants in Iraq blue mosque in turkey Mosques and castless in egypt many more everywere we have went we left history blessed and sepcial people from special blood lines that will live for ever
We Albanians are everywhere. I'm not sure if we should be glad or mad about that
@@sm3675 mad !!!
@@user-db8ht2hg9k Glad
I love how each one of them is interested to know every detail of the words the other one is speaking. Nice video Bahador!
Albanian sounds really cool. This video changed my view about albania! Greetings from iran👋
How lol
Albanians love Iran ✌🏻
@Tony Camaj it looks so beautiful and incredible to me, the sound of it is really good
Half Albanian (kosovo) and half Iranian (bakhtiari/persian) here!
@@labinotzeqiri3303 What an awesome combination 💪👌
Albanian people were, are and will always be welcome in Italy!
Rispetto per l'italia che non ha cercato di assimilare gli Arberesh a differenza della Grecia con gli Arvaniti 🇦🇱🇽🇰❤🇮🇹
Italians are one of the closest ethnicity we actually respect a lot. Since we are basically surrounded by enemies from all land borders at least we have a friend bordering by sea. Greetings from Albania.
@@valley6824 I believe that only the arbëresh and arvanites are related to the Italians. Modern Albanians (Balkan Albanians) have more Turkish dna then Italian.
@@armylovesbts3984 Well you need to stop "Beleiving" and show me proof.
@@valley6824 look up “Albanian dna test” on KZhead and see the results that people got. Albanians are related to the Greeks who are the “ancient Turks”.
Just a little note for everyone watching this: the word kerr derives from the word "karrocë", which means cart in English, that´s the english word that I didn´t come up with immediately, but I recall that I still correctly mentioned it, but it got apparently cut out in the video making process. Anyways, I am really amazed of the great work and how informative this video became !!! Thank you for your great work @Bahador Alast.
No, we did hear you clearly! It was informative for me as I always for some reason connected it with the word KERRIC (young donkey) who would pull the cart. Cart comes from Latin (ignore google) carpentum/currus which most likely comes from proto-Albanian KARROCA = KA RROTA (has wheels).
@@mendjelire8392 Probably the word Kerr comes from the word Qerre, I have heard some that do use the for Qerre in it, like: "Kqyre, ni qerre e vjetër kali!". To me it feels like it have a good connection between these two words! I am from Kosovo, btw.
Jo zemra voger kerr quhet ne Shqiperine e veriut por ne shqipen letrare eshte QERRE, dhe kete e perdorin shqiptaret e prespes ne vend te makines..........lexoni dhe ndonje liber se me me gojedhena te mbysni ju..........
@@lalilali5688 Why are you being so aggressive? What is the point of me lying for no reason in here? I am telling you what I've heard quite some time! Chill down and do a couple of deep breaths!
@@aurumrs6557 Ska hik no nje here ne fshat si duket, prandaj eshte agresive. Se lur skishte automjete qerret egzistonin fundjazi.
Thanks for organizing this event and sharing it with us 🙏
i keep getting impressed by these videos
This was extremely interesting!! I speak the Tosk dialect and often have trouble understanding other dialects, since I have not been exposed. Thanks for such an educational video!
You should visit different Albanian speaking areas, it will be great for you.
I also speak Tosk, my family is from Vlore and Korce…I love meeting other Albanians abroad, but have a hard time with some Kosovo (Gheg) accents.
Awesome video!! It’s amazing how many dialects there are to this day just going from village to village or any major city, we’re from present day north Macedonia and I heard there are still Arberesh speakers among the people who live up the road to the castle in Ohrid Macedonia
What an interesting vid! I enjoyed this comparison of the ancient Albanian language and dialects . I could understand each one of these speakers,so not too different.
Thank you Bahador very interesting programme.
Many thanks for this and all your videos! Nothing like this video exists online so I was very happy to watch it. I would love to hear the Arbanas language as nothing exists online. I would also love to see a comparison with Arvanites but probably not a good idea as I can see it getting political. Thanks again!
As an albanian from from kosovo i can understand the tosk dialect completely even though i was born and raised in london. the arberesh dialect fascinates me and to be honest from videos i’ve seen of people speaking arberesh i could understand a lot of it with no problem whatsoever. seeing this is amazing and brings me joy
From Southern Serbia you want to say? 😉
@@user-fr4er5nw9r Northern Albania*
@@user-fr4er5nw9r cry
Hi Bahador. I only just came across this video today, although I've seen many others of yours. As a linguist all are interesting to me, but this video is probably the most interesting one. Amazing! I find the historical linguistic aspect of Arbëresh deeply fascinating. Thank you!
Very interesting video, thank you for the post!
We need more albanian groups like arnauts and arvanits, maybe even arbanas from Croatia 🇭🇷!
The question is can you find people to speak with clarity
Yeah actually with arnauts and arbanas could be possible, but with arvanites seems very hard since their the oldest ones of all these communities and in Greece since not too much ago speaking Albanian and being Albanian was seen very bad.
Yes but Kosovo is Serbia 🇷🇸🇬🇷🇷🇸
@@SS-dk9jd if that's makes you happy ok,but reality is different!
@@lekdukagjini9140 I absolutelly don't get wtf.is soo amazing in that video ..??..(Kosovo & Metohia = ΣΕΡΒΥΑ ) ..it fact 🇬🇷🇷🇸🤚
When i heard word from arberesh "gjegjem" is a word "to understand", now i can explain the word of Gheg= Gjegj and meaning is to understand. With gjejem we have another word pergjegjem = to answer, ndergjegjje= conscience. Very good video thanks for making it.❤
that's definitely a good understanding of the word... our word "understand" is ndërgonj/ndrëngonj which we believe comes from ndërgjegj. Gjegjëm means "I hear"
Gjegjem means me thuaj me trego , say to me tell me
Thanks for sharing this ❤️
Great video, I think will be really nice to see, dialects from Çameria, Macedonia, also very important is the time when the persons are born . We used to use most of the words from Gegnisht, and Arberisht in the region of Himara , I remember when I was kid and visited my grandparents in the village allot of words that we used in the village was different from the city. ( and im not talking about mixed Greek)
Ju rujt Zoti te gjithë Shqipeve kudo qe jeni 🇦🇱
Bahador bey, I love your videos. I m from Turkey. I searched through the internet and found no videos of Kazakh and Kyrgyz people trying to communicate. I think you d be the only person who could bring that on!! Thanks for the videos !!
He made one with Kyrgyz but the Kyrgyz guy had really bad internet connection so maybe he doesn't trust the internet in Kyrgyzstan. Perhaps he will need to find Kyrgyz speakers living in other countries.
Thnk you so much for this video❤❤ new subscribe❤
Love this second video !!
This was great , next one , I would like to see them talking all the time in Albanian
Great meeting guys. Thank you Bahador for bring the boys together! I have a few comments that maybe Someone can address. Now I understood all three of them without an issue. I am a gheg from Shkodra (Scutari). I think Martin speaks a tosk dialect but it uses many words and grammar that is similar to gheg. Why? Not a linguist haha, but I’ll propose a theory. Tosks who migrated to Italy 500 years ago lived in a time when tosk and gheg were more similar. It is a recognized fact that gheg is more conservative as a language , meaning closer to the old. So as the arberesh moved their language has remained somewhat frozen while tosk in Albania has continued to evolve. Rotacism is a known evolution of tosk. For example Vlona became Vlora. The n became an r. Gheg like Arberesh is also more frozen. So this is the reason why Arberesh appears closer to gheg. Also many of the soldiers, parts of scanderbegs army were northern gheg. So likely Arberesh have mixed Tosk mostly but also gheg ancestry. Martin so many of the words you used are like Shkodran gheg. For example Leva. Un leva ne Shkoder is quite the same as we speak it. Martin also mentioned Meshari I Gjon Buzukut (the missal of the Catholic liturgy) and Kanuni which I completely understand without issue. Another point of contact between Shkodra and Arberesh is the long ties with Venice and Italy and the many Latin influences in our dialect which make it similar to Arberesh. For example we also use shkarpa (scarpa) for shoes. We as far as I know are the only Albanians to call tomatoes golden apples (molla t’arta) which is like the Italian word Pomo d’oro. Many more things were said here that make Arberesh and Shkodran spiritual brothers. Of course you all speak beautifully! My wife is from Vlona and I’m familiar with Dukatis dialect. Greeting and respect to you all.
Great video bro
Such a good video👏
Interesting stuff :)
So Arberesh were impacted by the italians while the Tosk and Ghegh people of that Balkans were impacted by Slavs and Turks. But despite the impact, they managed to keep the full basis and foundation of their language.
Arberesh is impacted by Slavic as much as Albanian, Arberesh only left for Italy in the 1400s-1600s, Slavic contact with Albanian which gave many Slavic loanwords happened around the year 700 AD.
Well, in fact its opposite. Todays Turkish is not the same with Turkish in Asia. Like Turkish in Uzbekistan or Kazakstan? Since they all are Turcic tribes.. Why is that? Cuz in fact Turks obtained too many words from Arabic, Parsi and Albanian. İn Ottoman Turkish was not even talked by Balkan folk. It was talked in army only. Btw Albanian was the only language that was banned officially! 😀 So if majority of folk were not Albanian it would have not survived in Greece, Italy, Macedonia, Montenegro. So Skllavs and Turks adapted and obtained from Perso-Arabic-Albanian cultures. Since Persi Arabs and Albanians are on their lands since prehistory.
🤣I love Arbereshe, sometimes it stands alone but at the same time makes sense in Albanian.
This was really cool too see! My family is from Mali Zi and we speak the Northwestern sub-dialect of Gheg Albanian, and we have some words that even we say different then the Gheg speaker in this video. Like "shoes" for us is a different word and we even have some other words we say differently that could be old Albanian words?! I will say; I agree with the Gheg speaker that there were similarities with the way we say the words in Gheg, and how the Arberesh guy says words, and I think it has to do with the nasal sounds that Gheg has. I read that Tosk had it too, but lost it and it sounds like the Arberesh preserved some of those sounds; if not more, like Gheg has them! The Turks occupying us though for all those years did have an effect on words we use; which I believe we have like 1000 plus Turkish words that both dialects use and how we say the words too, and what we use them for! It would be cool if they got an Albanian that speaks Arbanasi which is a Gheg dialect in Croatia of Gheg speakers who fled when the Turks came and preserved a lot of the old archaic features of the Gheg dialect before the Turks came. Also, it would be cool to go back in time and hear Proto-Albanian before the dialects spilt apart to see how the language has changed, and progressed till now!
Czar
I am so proud of all you guys especially Martin hi keeps alive the Arberesh language.when I was reading the comments what’s the Albanian brothers writing down I felt so emotional 😭🙌🏻🙌🏻👐🏻👐🏻👐🏻👐🏻👐🏻👐🏻👐🏻👐🏻👐🏻👐🏻🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇮🇹🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇽🇰🇽🇰🇽🇰🇽🇰🇽🇰🇽🇰🇽🇰🇮🇹🇽🇰🇽🇰🇽🇰🇮🇹🇦🇱🇽🇰🇮🇹🇦🇱🇽🇰🇮🇹👐🏻🇽🇰🇮🇹🇦🇱🇽🇰🇮🇹🇦🇱🇽🇰O SA MIR ME KAN SHQIPTAR OHE OHE 👐🏻👐🏻👐🏻
To me the Arbëresh dialect Is a lot like the dialect spoken from my ancestors from Camëria.
My cham brother were exactly did your ancestors come from what city or villages
Can you speak *albanian* ?
No way. The Dialect in Chamëria sounds almost identical to how people in Konispol speak even to this day. Couple extra Greek / Ottoman words and expressions but largely Tosk.
Yes, because it is Tosc dialect, and the Chams speak Tosc .. Long live Tuscany
@@AndriyDolyus Chamëria speak tosc dialekt
Buon lavoro, grazie mille per questo vidio.
Nice and interesting video Bahador. Many Greetings to our Albanian neighbours from Greece.
Albanian is very fascinating. Very much like Armenian. Being two isolates with a very interesting history.
@Serbonian Bog hahaha you are so stupid, and why is nothing to relate us with the Caucasus like language or DNA??
@Serbonian Bog nobody said its simmilar to armenian, thats very ignorant to say, it has nothing simmilar. They are both languages that stand by their own. There are many people in that area that came from other regions. You have very old documents from greek philosophers and geographers like Ptolemy that have documented from very early on who came in the area and who was always there. He has some interesting writings in a lot of detail about people who came around 6th century in the penissula from east of river don in today’s Russia, check that out. One thing I can assure you, no people who came from other regions to the area could secure a position with access to east, north, west Europe and with access to both Adriatic and Ionian sea. After all you probably know all that I have written anyways, its simple logic 😊
@Serbonian Bog Alexander the Great was an Illyrian, of the same origin as the Albanians. Alexander has advanced as far as India. Many Illyrian soldiers have settled in conquered regions as far as Inden. That explains why there are people with similar DNA in regions far away from Albania.
@Serbonian Bogtraktore 🚜🚜🚜🚜🚜😂😂😂😂
@Serbonian Bog Serbs have more in common with Russia, Kazachstan and Siberia than Albania with caucasus. Why you Serbs never speak of that you came from Russian Carpatians its a hystorical fact nothing to be ashamed for
Arbereshe (in Italy) is a Tosk variety dialect. For the word degjoj, you can also hear ndegjoj/endegjoj/endegloj in South Albania. Shoh is also used all over Albania. Gheg also is the only dialect that uses infinatives (me shku-to go) while Tosk uses subjunctive (te shkoj-that I go). Also, with qumesht, you can hear klumesht/klumshit in South Albania and tamel/tambel/tomel/tombel in Central and North Albania and Kosovo
Yes stupid yes..Arbresh is dialect in their own, sure its Albanian
In Montenegro and some parts of Kosovo it’s nig-joj. The g & the j are not pronounced together. Also in Gheg you don’t have to say “me shku,” you can say shko which literally means go, you don’t have to say to go as the guy in the video suggested.
@@donkopower2416 it’s a Tosk variety… just google it it’s not that hard
In Kosovo or Dardania we say me nigu, me ndegju, me ngu.
Don’t forget Albanians from northern part of Macedonia speak also a Gheg dialect. I watched in another video Martin is the word “FUGhiatri” which means “to throw”. I’m Dibra e Madhe we use “FUG” which is exactly meaning to throw as in different Albanian words is me gjujt or me hedh
What the F.... i love u guys. You have done some minor errors but still the best. Keep up. Big like for Arberesh for what they have past thru and still speaking our beautifull language.
@Bahador Alast thank you for making this possible!
I love this comparison, I would love to see one between standard Albanian and Albanian from ilirida (North Macedonia)
I understand all dialects even the Arbereshe ones, but if you don't put someone from Dibra region, you won't have the right picture. Dibra's dialects are a story of their own, so fascinating. When I was little I had a rough time to understand my grandmother from Reci and my grandmother from Bulqiza. Now I'm a master of all Dibra's dialects ( I guess the hardest Albanian dialects, Ancient Macedonian dialect).
Nice video! I like that Martin gives explanations and background to the words as I would expect considering that he is a linguist. What I would suggest is to give the context for every word, because the speakers seem to get confused with the different senses they have. For instance, the whole discussion for "go" in which they confused it with the senses of "go away", "travel", "walk" and "walk away". Additionally, the form of the words as in infinitives, imperatives and conjugations blurred the differences in the dialects. Standard Albanian does not have an infinitive, while the Gheg dialects have which does not a give a very good comparison in pronunciation since different forms are being used. Other examples are the discussions for the words "look" that included the meanings of "see", "observe", "notice", and "glass" for which Albanian has different words for the material compared to the object. So, having a sentence to refer to would reduce these misunderstandings by emphasizing the meanings and the forms.
Many Arberesh words like "vrej", etc., are common to the dialect of central Albania as well.
Yes
in Kosovo we use vrej a lot
@@mentoriii3475 yes and its meant to "see"
In the following video at 0 : 06 seconds you can hear the actual word "vrej" in the central Abanian dialect(Tironas)... kzhead.info/sun/ZdV6qq5wpmSbq2g/bejne.html
@@GeraldBathorja mhm po
Suggestion: Instead of giving just a plain words (speak, go,... etc...) it would be much easier for the participants to answer, in case short sentence has been given: ''I am going.'', ''I am speaking'',.. etc. In this case, it turns to be that everybody was describing/pronouncing the given word, according to their own perception at the given moment.
For FLORIST the right word in official Albanian is LULISHTAR (lule=flower; isht=is), LULE SHITES means FLOWER SELLER. The Arberesh form LULAR seems very convenient and we should adopt it and add it to our OFFICIAL VOCABULARY.
Lulishtar seemed to me since I was little as “flower soldier” because its very similar to ushtar.
A "florist" is a flower seller, thus "luleshitës" is actually a correct translation. I personally thought of the word "lulëtar", which means "floriculturist" but also "florist" as a second meaning. Regarding "lulishtar", it means only "floriculturist". Nonetheless, the word "lular" sounds like a good addition to the vocabulary.
absolutely, lular is randomly used in Kosovo, but rarely, and certainly not officially
Some of the words from the gheg perspective here are the same as the tosk perspektive, but leutrim is saying these words in a different time-manner. (For example Aurel is saying it in simple present and leutrim is saying them in past progressive or something like that). I really much appreciate Leutrim and i am sure he is trying his best, but he seems a bit out of touch sometimes (becouse its very hard to know all the varieties, since it is really confusing and diverse) he is still fluent and doing good alltho he uses a very harsh and specific dialect. He also adresses the different forms and dialect spoken in kosovo at the end of the video, very smart. Great Video 👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼
I stated them in infinitive, which was asked for, but you are right, the others didn't use the same case, but it shouldn't be a problem for others.
@@8kw7mx9 yes I agree, yet there is something very beautiful and pure about the tosk variety. It seems more original.
I love this!
You could this threeway understanding but now with different languages. Example given three "totally different" languages of Croatian, Bosniak and Serbian. Good stuff Bahador, best of luck in your future work 🙂
Doing that would just create a massive war in the comments
@@trollhunter9992 Why? What is there to argue? Are they not different languages?
@ELITE EXTREME GAMER In my opinion yes, but we shall see would the world still consider them different languages if they can hear them side by side.
This "three" languages are one. But it would be interesting to compare non-standard dialects like Croatian Chajkavian or Kajkavian with Serbian Torlakian (prizrensko-timočki dialect), those are little different and it would be interesting.
@@komazec357 They’re not “different languages”. Serbian-Croatian-Bosnian are all the same language with 99% similarities. The 1% difference is what happens when villages speak different dialects for a few generations, and naturally will sound different, just like English from England or America.
Respect for Martin he keeps alive the old language Respect ✊
Once I have to say the Kosovarian very delicate it’s not similar to the real Geg dialect from North Albania
@@meister9768 Yes it evolved on its own after Hoxha isolated Albania from Yugoslavia for a whole generation. There was no exchange between the people of Kosovo and Albania anymore and the language evolved into different directions, might will change in the future again.
@@meister9768 how can you call something real if the majority of gheg albanian speakers were left outside of Albania? Shouldn't it be the other way around?
@@leuritalhambra8890 The kosovars have there own dialect and different from what is spoken in northern Albania and Montenegro.they are also an own tribe
@@meister9768 every city and village seems to differ from each other language-wise, that doesn't make one of them more "real" than the other. That's what I am trying to say here.
I’m an Albanian from Macedonia from kërcovë and this was the most surreal experience ever, I can understand all these people equally and surprisingly martin was extremely easy to understand and the similarities we have when we speak Albanian to the severest was dare I say easier to see how they arrived to those words than leautrim or Aurel and in some cases extremely foreign but could still piece it together after thinking it throughout
it goes to prove the hypothesis that Albanian came from area around Ulpian, Shkup and Nis smh
Thank you for making this video, I’m from Ohrid, Macedonia we speak Albanian Tosk. Ohrid and Struga mostly we speak Tosk dialect. However lately more gheg speakers have moved to Struga. From my mom side they are from Veleshta they speak Gheg but not as rough as northern Albania or Kosova.
I'm originally from Struga, Macedonia. I understand Gheg and Toske and my husband is from Kosova so I understand their dialect as well and realized my husband and I have many Turkish words too. All dialects really do reflect the many centuries of influences from invasions that happened in the Balkans.
One mistake on word transcriptions though. Morphologically, usually is the toske dialect which the word would end on vocals like "hene" and in Geg dialect ends on consonants like "han" moon and "hana" is the moon, a definite form. Should have used same forms for proper comparisons. Jam e bunj' seems very archaic feature to me. similar usage this days we can compare "jam ka baj", or "jam duke bere" with different auxiliary words. i am not sure if we can find this authentic arbereshe form on arvatini or Cam people.
Albanian is very distinct, there is really no language that can be linked to Albanian even though it's classified as Indo-European it's actually very different from all other Indo-European languages.
Same with Armenian
@@mansoura.6586 Yes, Armenian is the same. These 2 languages (for the most part) only share loanwords with other languages. They don't have any connections.
@@mansoura.6586 I never understood why Albanian and Armenian got classified as "Indo-European". They should just be completely distinct, like Basque.
@@user-nx6ny8pw2u I'm not sure if you have ever understood why did people come out with the Indo-European theory, Albanian does share large number of cognates with other Indo-European languages, sound changes are regular and basic vocabulary does align with other Indo-European languages. I do reccomend to check articles on Indo-European studies and in particular stuff like sound changes, which are the most fundamental elements to determine the origin of a language.
@@julianfejzo4829 well it's just hard to figure out for me, I have a hard time believing if we go far back far enough Albanian and Armenian were the same as other Indo-European languages. I am not denying it. I just mean it's hard to figure out.
Little known fact about the script used to write the Albanian language. It was not always Latin, and even though over the years, the language has made use of an Arabic alphabet (the Ottoman Turkish version) and Cyrillic, many do not know that several local alphabets, like Todhri, Elbasan, and Veso Bey, had been developed. There was also a period when the Tosk dialects used the Greek alphabet.
Before Albanians choose the Latin alphabet, some Albanians try to use the pelasgian letters for our alphabet with 54 letters, but unfortunately they were killed by Greeks, and after that they choose the Latin one.
That’s true, most people should know that as albanian isn’t a latin language sp that isn’t our original alphabet either. I think we were too poor to develop our own alphabets into scripts before and now it’s too late for that as it would cause confusion.
@L s i don’t remember the name of the person who tried to bring those pelasgian letters , but i know he was killed by greek nationalists on the way to come to Albania with those documents to make the Albanian alphabet.
A curiosity: in Albanian "to go" is "Ik", in Japanese "to go" Is "Ikimas" (where "-mas" is the ending of all Japanese verb)
🇯🇵🇦🇱 we are brothers
complete coincidence man
@@ananasasjenkins881 No, that is not a coincidence because albanian language is so ancient, many scientific researchers found and prooved that happened from beginning and origin of human divisions of first populations, perhaps around Mediterranean Sea..
@@ananasasjenkins881 also i think this!
There is also ''te largohem''witch means ''to go''.
Very interesting video, I must say! But also I would like to comment the fact that word ''qumesht'' is also very much being used in Kosovo in every linguistic aspect. Where I come from(Kosovo as well), majority of native Albanian speakers are using the world ''qumesht'' instead of ''tamel''. :)
Yes, they use it in public life. But, as Leutrim said in daily life, at home, etc., they mostly use Tamel (te embel, t'omel, tamel :)......and, ah, never forget 'tameleoriz', Kosovars will understand, hahahha.
@@wrecked8746 she not being rude she's just saying.
yes thats very true, an am not happy about it. I grew up in Kosovo calling it tomel, and kumsht has a different meaning, we call some milk by byproduct
I found this very interesting even though I only picked up only a few words and those were mostly the Italian words. My maternal grandmother was from Piana Degli Albanesi in Sicily. I speak several languages among them Italian so I wanted to see if I understood one of the dialects my grandmother spoke. I did not understand much, but like I said, I found it interesting.
Interesting how in Romanian, all three albanian words are or were used as village (in ro: sat) fșat is the old form of sat (out of use nowadays). cătun is a settlement smaller than a village (a hamlet) horă is a greek loanword (XVIII secle) used in the phanariot epoch.
An interesting text for you "Origins: Serbs, Albanians and Vlachs" by Noel Malcolm macedonia.kroraina.com/en/nm/kosovo.html "While Romanian historians have tried to argue that the Romanian-speakers have always lived in the territory of Romania (originating, it is claimed, from Romanized Dacian tribes and/or Roman legionaries), there is compelling evidence to show that the Romanian-speakers were originally part of the same population as the Vlachs, whose language and way of life were developed somewhere to the south of the Danube. Only in the twelfth century did the early Romanian-speakers move northwards into Romanian territory."
Its very funny to me that your capital 'Bucureşti' literally translates to 'it is beautifull' in Albanian. Furthermore you use the word Skanderbeg for armwrestling which is quite interesting Love Romania from Kosovo
@@pepperino-hotterino Romanians and Albanians are brothers. :D Also in Hungarian the sport's name is Szkander. Skanderberg actually comes from Turkish because they nicknamed Gjergj Kastrioti as iron arm. Hence the name of the sport.
@ Scanderbeg it was a title by Ottoman Empire but as a name came from Albanian language or the ancient Pelasgian origine as "I-Scandr" which mean lighter from smaller part of word "Isc(h) or Asch" which mean fire.
hora is not greek loanword but Albanian from hora a ro(h) which mean "the live place" as in case of "T' ro-y a"
Very good video.The roots of each word in Tosk,Geg & Arberesh is pretty much similar. You need to understand that it depends where abouts in Albania,Kosovo,Maqedonia ,Greece or Montenegro you live and what your local dialect will be. Dialects of the words sometimes can vary even between villages in Albania , you can imagine if you were from outside Albania divided in 5 countries and kept under Ottomans 500 years and for over 100 years under Serbia isolated with no contact to the motherland.Its a miracle to be where we are. When Albanian language was standardised in Albania, Toske dialect made 80% of the modern Albanian which we learn today ,leaving out most of Geg dialect , Arberesh dialect and Arvanitas completely out. Hence why some difference but the root of each word is the same. I think Albanian language needs to be enriched with loads of Geg,Arberesh and Arvanitas words. Instead of foreign words.This needs to be done before is too late. Listening to Arberesh and Geg dialects, is like hearing my greatgrandmother speak, which she lived 104 years ,born in 1888. Well done guys,great video and keep the good work going. Arberesh are our bloodline and we honour ,we respect you and your strong carriage for bring this beautiful Arberesh league to this days. It's a miracle to survive for 600 years. God bless all Arberor Arberesh Albanians wherever they are. Mirëmbeçi 🇦🇱🇽🇰🇦🇱🇦🇱
We are the coolest 😘
I'm an albanian from North macedonia and I understand all three dialects because in North macedonia we have cities that speak tosk albanian we have cities that speak gegh mostly like in kosovo and cities who speak similarly to arberesh like for example the word gjegj me gjegj is commonly used here by albainias meaning to hear, I'd be great if in the next video you include albanians from North macedonia as well.
5. As for the word: "go", in Kosova we say "shko" same as in Tosk. Leutrim got it wrong, because "me ece" means "to walk". In Kosova when we say to someone "ec" or "hec", means "move away" or "walk away".
@Ariana Rose Prishtina's gheg is terrible. It sounds like a gheg trying really hard to sound tosk. Real gheg is spoken such as Gjergj Fishta meant on the plains of Dukagjin and valleys of Drenica.
@Ariana Rose Drenica lind veç trima. Përshëndetje nga Dibra e Madhe shum rrespekt
@@HansBalnegerthat’s rude. People in bigger cities usually will have more of a metropolitan accent and phrasing. My father is from Prishtina and my mother is from Skenderaj. I love both dialects but they are very different and that’s ok❤
Shqipja ka te njejten origjin, Ilirijan. Por mbas mira vjetesh gjuha do te ndyshoj. Pushtimet e shumta edhe emigracioni kan bere te veten. Rrespekt per te gjith qe e kan ruajt gjuhen Shqipe.🥰
Qumësht is a New version of old word *klumësht "tamël mean sweet Hënxë mean the luna piena Ik is very old word used in Acient greek and Japanese word for go is same "ike For all dialect is same "fol Speak- fol Flas mean ; i speak Cry - qan k>>q Hear - degjon
The standardised version of Albanian belongs in the Tosk group. Although aspects of the Gheg dialects were incorporated, official Albanian is around 80% Tosk. This is the language of government and literature. However, in recent decades, a movement has grown to revive literary Gheg. Before the communist regime took over in Albania, Tosk wasn’t considered as the official language. Instead, in the early 20th century, the Albanian Literary Commission recommended the use of the Elbasan subdialect that has characteristics of both of the major groups as the official version. However, after WWII, the communist regime chose Tosk as the new standard.
Communism really did a number on the Balkans
Hodza was a Tosk. Thus Tosk was chosen.
Jom nka Tirona, dhe e kuptoj njiqind per qind te tri dialektet. Ju lumt cuna. Boni sa ma shume vidio te ktilla.🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱
Tirana edhe mix dhe prandaj e kupton shum mir vëlla🇦🇱👍
Ky djali nga kosova nuk eshte duke folur mire ne gjuhen kosovarqe me plot gabime. Ndoshta eshte nga diaspora.
Un jam nga korca dhe i marr vesh te tre
Nuk jam shqiptar edhe prap i kuptoj te tre dijalekte 🤟🏻
@@jamesgaming997 ku ka 3 dialekte bre tosk dhe gege, eshte gjuhe letrare dhe gramatikore.
Amazing to hear Arbëresh properly for the first time!
Bravo cuna gjaku jon Nuk behet uj zemra mal me ju me behet qefi qe po beni nje video si kjo bravo jini shum patrriot
Tosk+Gheg+Arberesh=🇦🇱 always brothers 🙏🏻
MARTIN there is another word in Albanian used in old times when the water was carried from the sources with wooden vessels: BUCELE/BUCI which seems to be a version of the word you are using.
It is stiil used, By the way, "bottle" must have derived from . . Bucele!
nice video
Romanian here, a bit late, but I can understand the Tosk guy perfectly holy smokes. Gramatically the Arberesh guy makes a lot of sense when I see some words. Great vid!
I‘m a half Hungarian and half Albanian born in Kosovo. I can speak hungarian and gheg albanian fluently. I can definitely see that Tosk albanian is also much closer than the gheg variety. Hungary also uses Szkander (based on Skanderbeg) for matches/armwrestling.
In Kosova for "shoemaker" we use the word "kunraxhi" or "kundraxhi", as well as the modern version "kpuctar" (we don't put emphasis on "e"-letter as in standard word "kepucetar"/"kepucar"). For the word "shoe" the older geg version is: "kunra"/"kundra". Exmaple in plural: "ku i kam kunrat e reja?"... "where are my new shoes?". Of course nowadays we use the word "kepuca" as a standard Albanian.
Keni harru Opingat!
While Albania has a population of a little under 3 million people, it is estimated that there are around 7 million Albanian speakers across the planet.
In the Balkans we have already 7 million.
Awesome
To Cry (english) Qaj (albanian tosk), me kajt (albanian geg), klanj (arberesh), kiaj (arvanitika) In Ellinika/Greek is "kleo" In South Italian Is "Chiagnere/Chiagne" (in North Italian Ch become P > Piagne or Piangere)
malsort or Northern Albanian highlanders in Montenegro/ Albania we say kjaj.
The word "Cry" in Illyrian translates to "Kiaie". Proto Albanian was formed in Dardania, an Illyrian province, and in Gheg Albanian cry is "Kaje", "Kjaj"
@@bwoisness qaj it is hahaha
It’s amazing how well arbershet have preserved Albanian language which is the most beautiful language. We are proud to be Albanian
I am from Uzbekistan and l have a lot of Albanian friends. They are like us soooo friendly and l feel like we have so much in common
U are from serbia 😂😅🤣🤣😅😂
@@raker1893 do Serbians speak Uzbek?
lovely video , guys which people are Shkreti? I want to find out more .thank you
@Diana tnx. I heard about still dont know much who are they
Shum interesante
Norbert JOKL:"" The Albanian lanGUAage serves as a fiber that keeps the trunk alive and connects the branches with roots As you descend along this fiber to the wonders of history ,strands can be affected.The Albanian language is a tool through which the seeker can illuminate the dawn of the Albanian people's beginninigs and immerse themselves in time that goes beyond the historical evidence"".
great quote
Very interesting debate, guys! Big THANKS to all of you for your great job; keep it going on!! I would like to add the following: 1.) For "milk" we use "tamel" as well as "kumsht" in Kosova, North Macedonia and Montenegro (Malsia). 2.) For "glass" (the material) we use "qelq" or "xham", so it´s quite similar to Martin´s arberesh word "qerq". 3.) "Kripte" for "hair" in aberesh sounds like the gheg-albanian word "kryt", which means "(the) head". So that´s the connection between "hair" and "head" maybe. But be careful: You should NOT confuse the arberesh "kripte" with the word "e krypte", which means "salted" in Albanian! 4.) For "to go" we usually use the infinitive "me (h)ece" in Kosova and it means "to take a walk". We also use "me shku" (to go there) and "me vajte" (to travel) like: "vajta ne Itali" ("I travelled to Italy"). The words "ik!" (go away from here!) and "hup!" alias "humb!" (get lost!) are more an imperative and not very polite or rather offensive! 5.) "To pass" is "me kalu"; the 1. Person Singular is "une kaloj" (I pass/move to...). Another word for "to pass" is "me shku", which means "to go there". It could also be the word "me vazhdu" (to continue/to move on). 6.) Martin says that their arberesh word for clothes is "brojts".....in Kosova (gheg-dialect) we use the word "mbrojtje" for "protection"....so it makes sense that your clothes ((m)brojtes) "protect" you from the cold weather e.g.! But we also use "petka" (gheg and tosk) and tesha (only in Kosova, I think) for "clothes". 7.) "To speak" is "me fole". The imperative is "fol!" for "speak/talk!". For the 1. Person Singular it is "une flas" which means "I speak"; for the 2. Person Singular it is "ti flet" ("you talk/speak") and "folni" or "flisni" is a "command"/an imperative in the 2. Person Plural for two or more people to talk/speak. 8.) For "to cry" we use "me kajt" or "me vajtu" in the north. 9.) For "to hear" we use the infinitive "me ngu" alias "me ndegju". The imperative is "ngo!" or "ndigo!" or "ndegjo!", which means "listen (to someone)!" 10) "Look!" is "kqyr!" or "shi(h)ko!". The infinitive is "me kqyre" or "me shiku" or also "me pa" in gheg-albanian. 11.) Martin says that for "look at that!" they use "vrej!", whereas in Kosova the word "me vrejt" means "to notice (something)" 12.) Gheg is probably the older of the two Albanian dialects, with less influences from foreign languages. I recommend you to contact or at least subscribe to the page of AGRON DALIPAJ, who is a linguist from Pogradec with very interesting theses.
Love your comment, thanks a lot 🙏 😊
The arbereshe guy spoke 100% tosk
Wow shume interesante te degjosh fjalet ne Arberesh se sheh si eshte zhvilluar dhe Shqipja e socme