The Kingdom of Strathclyde In Early Medieval Scotland
The Kingdom of Strathclyde was one of the Celtic kingdoms that made up the Hen Ogledd (Old North), and was the one that survived the longest of all the North British kingdoms in the Early Middle Ages. As Sarah, my guest on the History with Hilbert Podcast a few days ago, explains, the Viking Age caused major upheaval in Southwestern Scotland. The Kingdom of Strathclyde was an important political player in Early Medieval Scotland and had power and influence in Pictland, and even supplied many Pictish kings. It's for this reason that she argues the kingdom might have survived as the only Northern Brittonic kingdom when the others such as Rheged, Elmet, the Gododdin and more were all conquered and didn't survive the seventh century.The old Kingdom of Alt Clut or Ystrad Clut was destroyed with the Viking raid on Dumbarton Rock in 870 AD, though from its ashes the newly named kingdom of Strathclyde would rise to thrust southwards and take the western parts of Northumbria which still bear the name Cumbria today as its legacy.
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Strathclyde was an ally of Northumbria during the battle of Brunanburh in 937, when they, alongside Dublin, fought against England.
@GB_GeorgeF. Another commenter, that calls me "King of Danelaw", as a fellow fan of Vikings, lives near Bromborough and insists that battle was there. I just got a reply on a channel about Scottish History from him as I wrote this. I saw this location potentially confirmed first in a Society of Ancients newsletter and pointed it out to my fellow university wargamer, who lived in Bromborough, though I had seen Michael Wood's TV series about that time in history, which had suggested otherwise.
Against Mercia/Wessex.
Some people think about Rome every day - I think about Strathclyde / Alt Clut / Cumbria several times a week. I really recommend Tim Clarkson for his erudite but readable books on the Strathclyde and the Old North.
Gee, I think about the planetary eco crisis. Extinction the most. And the total lack of animal welfare around the world. My people come from Moffat.
Same
@@clintonmaffett8695 cringe
Yass one of where I'm from. 🏴
My ancestors used to live there
@@michaelmorton6566 That's cool man.
Love these podcast/discussion format videos.
Hello Hilbert. The last bit ties in with a video today from a certain Bruce in Scotland today. He would have the history contacts and I reckon you should go on his 60th birthday tour of this area next year. As for Cumbria, I always go by accent. Cumbria sounds most like Yorkshire to me and seems to be because of Norse Irish settlement. There is a Cumbrian chap that does videos on this and compares it to my native Bradford. I reckon the reason north Lancashire above Pendle sounds different is down to residual celtic as you referred to (just a hunch). P.S. How much would christian v pagan be more important than ethnicity in early Viking conquests, thinking of the Frisian pagan videos?
I loved this podcast. Great episode, can't wait for more of them.
Dumbarton Rock is well worth a visit, yes it is accessible and overlooks the estuary (be prepared for a climb however!). I think Alt Clut was more a maritime rival than anything else and so it was about trade and stragic control of the sea in that area as well as loot. Think in terms of rulers who could muster a gang of soldiers together for a short time (there will almost certainly have been irish soldiers in the attack on Dumbarton for example) and less on purely ethnic lines. The Norse, Scotti, Irish, Picts, etc will all have fought/traded/married together and against each other. The leader of the attack on Alt Clut Imar MUST have been a major, major player in the politics of the area of not the British Isles.
There’s an argument to be made that said Imar was the same Ivarr that is recorded as one of the leaders of the Great Viking Army, or indeed the Imar recorded as the king of Dublin. Although this may be conflating several individuals that shared a common Norse name and lived at the same time in the British Isles
Congratulations on the dissertations!
Great video, very impressive this history is very complicated and filled with numerous holes
I’m pretty sure Dumbarton was the centre of the ancient kingdom of Strathclyde was because it was the first place you could stop for a pee on a busy bank holiday drive back to Glasgow from Loch Lomond
On the topic I strongly recommend Schwerpunkt's Medieval British and Irish history playlist. I'd love to see a coop/criticism between similarly themed channels
Fascinating video. I always feel sorrow for the Kingdom Of Strathclyde/ Alt Clut. They managed to hold their own against other neighbouring kingdoms like The Dalriadans, the Picts an the Angles. Who all want to take their land. Probably pushing back against them. Then these relatively new guys- the Vikings appear on the scene, and destroy and sack their capital of Dumbarton. The Vikings then killed many of the people of Strathclyde, including their leaders. They also take many others as slaves. Take anything of value. After this the Kingdom of Strathclyde never really recovers. It the beginning of the end, and their rivals from Dalriada, Pictland and Northumbria eventually take over. If it wasnt for the Vikings opportunist attack( they werent interested in settling or taking their land ), the kingdom may have continue on. History may have been so different.
Slightly disagree on a couple of points, the Viking attack was massive - 200 ships to carry the treasure/slaves away, pre-planned with the aim of destroying Alt Clut as a maritime rival to Dublin. It was a four month seige which is unusual for raiders but not an army with a set purpose. It was a serious military operation not just a raid.
@@gordonmcinnes8328 Fair points. Four month is a long time for a raid. But I just meant the vikings didnt seem to have any interest in colonising or settling there. They just wanted to destroy the kingdom of Strathclyde and carry off everything they saw of any value. I dont think Alt Clut ever really recovered from it.
Really good show. One thing to look at is Carman 'hillfort' near Dumbarton rock. It's reckoned to be a Brythonic name. Caer as in Caerphilly. Any research I've read on language is that Britons, Picts etc. had a language that they could understand, roughly. As for Dal Riata language, they also had an understanding of each other as they did trade to a certain degree. I'm sure St Patrick complained to a king in Dumbarton about his people raiding Ireland. You should come visit the area, loads of history on this era. I'll show you around as it's where I live lol.
Patrick was Welsh crossed to what we call Ireland
What a beautiful name.
I understand that modern Welsh took on many Latin words from the time of Roman occupation. Hilbert asked (I paraphrase him) if Hadian's Wall acted as a divider between the Bythonic languages on either side of it with the idea, I think, of getting an opinion if the Bythronic languages north of the Wall were less influenced by Latin. We did not get a conclusive answer but I suspect that the northern languages did indeed have less Latin influence. I look forward to finding out more about this issue.
I was wondering if you could make a video on the effects of the famine, following the events of the year 536 CE, on the early medieval kingdoms of the British Isles? I'm only aware of the brief commentary in the Annals of Ulster, but it seems clear that this event caused significant losses, due to the Justinian Plague, in other parts of Europe, etc... What evidence do we have from this time in the British Isles? Did the plague reach here? If so, how did this impact these early medieval kingdoms?
The information is just fantastic! Am more interest in the Scots and Pictish people, I learned that the Scots won wars against the Picts and was sort off a nuisance to the Romans. and this is how the Hadrian wall came about.
This will remind us Welsh that before the Anglo invasion we wuz kaaangz
A collab with Simon Roper on Cumbrian wooul be good to go with this.
Yes some hen oggledd !
Sorry, where is the Battle of Largs in this? Confused... My timeline is heavy in currently questionable sources. Had they dissipated by then, or gone far south at that point?
Life was so much better in the 2nd half of the first millennium AD than it is today.
Interesting
Well, as a resident of Strathclyde....pleasant surprise.
49.15 Yes, that was Malcolm Canmore. His father Duncan was known simply as Canmore.
So did Dumbarton get starved out by the siege? Or was it taken by storm?
A bit of both I think. They couldn't hold out after a few months of siege. Think they ran out of water 🤔
@Tearlach1208 Thanks. Surprising to run out of water in Scotland. I would think rainwater collection would be sufficient.
@@mliittsc63 Lol. There isn't a source of fresh water in the part where the fort was. There's a well now which collects rainwater. Plenty of that here 😉
Quirks of Scottish place names, and a curious wee view of how they're different from how many non-Scots would think to pronounce them: When discussing Alt-Clut, you mentioned Loch Lomond. This isn't Loch Lom-ond as pronounced, but rather Loch LO-mond. Like the word "Low", followed by "mond" When discussing Strathclyde, Govan was mentioned. This isn't "Go-van" as pronounced, but rather "Gov-an", with the 'gov' being pronounced as 'guv'. Like the words "Govern", "Government", etc. Same 'o' after the first letter and before the third letter, and both different 🙃
Heck, now I know where I'm starting my next "Crusader Kings III" campaign. :D
I was hung over the edge of the castle walls on top of the rock years ago for being cheeky 😱 it’s a lot higher up than it looks is all I’ll say on it 🤣
Je staat in de krant😄 leuk artikel! KZheadr en wereldburger koestert het Fries😄 Oh nee ik dacht dat ik t online bij de Leeuwarder Courant las. Nee je bent op 'tv' bij Omrop Fryslan
Ook op de TV? Dat wist ik niet :P
@@historywithhilbert146 nou ja, op de website als tekst ;) maar iig veel plezier in Groningen, de beste stad voor Friezen. Grt uit 058😆 Ps. Ik verhuisde vanuit Groningen terug naar Friesland (tijdens de brugklas) en ik kreeg toen Fries. Maar ik was zo vervelend dat de leraar mij sloeg en ik vrij van Fries kreeg ;D Maar ik ben inmiddels bijgedraaid, los van de Groningse propaganda. Oant sjen!
@@historywithhilbert146 trouwens, ken je de Fryske vlogger? Eduard. Hij begeeft zich ook wat in t Fryske promotie wereldje (provincie, omrop,...). Anders zou ik je aanraden om eens contact met hem te zoeken dat kan vast wat moois opleveren
Question up your alley, hilbert.. was there ever a country or kingdom that by gaining and losing land completely moved their country on the map, and not own the 'birthplace' anymore? ( or is russia the closest to the concept ) keep up the brilliant work, groetjes uit amsterdam!
Burgundy? Visigoths? I have a massive book somewhere in my house that is on vanished kingdoms/civilisations. It has Strathclyde/Alt Clut, Burgundy, the different goth kingdoms, and about a dozen or so more. It was fascinating.
@@anniealexander9911 🤔
42:00 If it makes you feel better, she mispronounced Loch Lomond earlier.
This bussin, first
I dare you to do a video on the Irish of Monsterrat
Sounds like the Strathclyde were fantastic at politics and knew when not to fight but join other kingdoms swapping alliances to survive far longer than other brithonic kingdoms. It, unfortunately, had the effect of hiding their impact on Scotland rather than a heroic death they just lived on as a client state (until finally taking control of Scotland proper with Malcom)
Did he just say that french and slavic names were stupid?
If you're planning to go to Dumbarton and need a guide...I'm available. Just saying.
NINE..1X X1 ELF
As a mf which lives within the former strathclyde thanks
GREGORIAN CALENDAR 1750/52...ACT.....OCT = V111
Free Palestine, Free Strathclyde
Yes brother
2 things I can ABSOLUTELY get behind!!
OMG. Hamas is evil.
@@clintonmaffett8695 Don't forget Israel, lol.
@@clintonmaffett8695what do you expect from the religion of peace