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🇮🇳 How India is forging its own path with nuclear energy… and thorium.
⚠️ Please note a previous version of this video contained misleading maps of India and its recognized territory. The map in the video shows the current boundaries recognized by the UN and demarcates the disputed territories as best as possible. Apologies for the earlier information. 🇮🇳
This video is not intended to cover India's borders - the purpose here is to discuss nuclear energy for peaceful and progressive purposes.
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00:00 India’s New Reactor Delayed
03:28 India and Thorium
04:50 Stage 1
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How about Polands Plans?
Nope, Experimental\Novel Nuclear power reactors have a history of taking a long time, The Beloyarsk nuclear reactor (BN-800) started construction in 1983, but didn't see its first startup until 2014, but was mostly shutdown, its first full year of operation was in 2023. The BN-800 is also a Uranium-Plutonium fuel cycle which is far less complex than Thorium. Russia was planning to build a BN-1200 reactor but it was cancelled because breeders are a nightmare to operate. Thorium is a dead end, & pretty much impossible to operate as a Breeder because of the neutron poisons created when U-233 fissiles. The US had its First Commerical Thorium Reactor operation in 1962 (Indian Pt Unit 1), but was shutdown by 1974 as un-economical Another issue is with the Production of U-232 which has a nasty gamma emission & its a neutron poison. The age of nuclear power is nearly over as the world is running out of economically recoverable uranium. Uranium production peaked in 1980 and has been on a decline ever since as the mines deplete.
Already India completed 2 stage
I see my critical comment of why Thorium is a dead end got deleted. Gotta hide the truth from the people!
Use full map of India
While people often talk about how India is lagging behind decades they do not include how many nuclear scientists in India have mysteriously died including Homi Bhabha who envisioned it. India's entire tech dream was sabotaged. Any guess who could have done it?
US US US. Who else LOL
Usa cia and congtess
US and India's own backstabbers like Congress 😢😢
Murica!
Even CIA Head at that time admitted it in a interview.
Godspeed India. Kudos from Poland.
Lots of love to poland 😊❤
Dislike due to wrong Map
Poland my favorite nation only because not allowing radicals there❤❤
What is Godspeed ?
We did it my polish cousins.
The major reason our nuclear program was delayed because of assaniation of our nuclear scientist.
by CIA
One of the guys that claimed that CIA assassinated him was also a holocaust denier, that tells you all about this conspiracy theory 😂
@@pixelforg There are copies of the CIA records which have been declassified now as it has been > 50 years and they are available for public viewing. Have a look for yourself.
Yeah they openly talk about it how they killed others countries nuclear scientist @@vasanththeboss9766
@@pixelforgso you are talking about if his other thing is wrong so his current thing is also wrong are you American patriot or 2cent army 🪖
Geo politics around supply of uranium,sanctions and killing of nuclear scientists is very important to mention India is not part of NSG Few countries does not want india to become a member of NSG
Honestly at this point, in my personal opinion there's no real reason to restrict India from the NSG. The NPT holdup hasn't stopped a lot of other tech transfer so I think it would be an overall benefit to everyone.
@@atomicblender Tech transfer from whom? No country gives nuclear technology just like a statement Even if they transfer technology but the core technology is going to restrict that is what every country operates Russians helps india but they don't give full technology and sharing of knowledge Western countries absolutely no to india in any form of cooperation
By not being part of the NPT, India gets the same uranium access as Iran or North Korea.
@@atomicblenderUS and CIA killed our many nuclear scientists 😢😢
@@atomicblenderwe don't want western countries help. Their help will destroy your own house. And BTW US and Canada are asshole countries, especially Canada. We will never forget how USA killed our scientists and allowed China Pakistan Nuclear Proliferation just to keep a mental jihadist country close with Nuclear power for India. Apart from that, now they are cooperating not only because they love us. They want to contend China through India. We are not fools like UK and Canada who will lick ass of USA.
UPDATE: Most critical 2nd stage achieved breakthrough on 16/4/24 in India's 3 stage Thorium tech. 3rd stage capability has already been demonstrated. So first nuclear reactor in the world which can run without uranium has been achieved.
Hell Yeah
Where did you get it ? And genuinely how far are we to really setting up a proper functioning reactor which can generate electricity
@@kiranp5611 In terms of capability, it's already been demonstrated. For real life application, can't comment on that as lot of ifs and buts. To know more, You can look it up "Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor".
@@kiranp5611 it will take another 4 or 5 years for final testing second stage is recently achieved
hell yeah
No correct map= No views.
😭😭😭😭😭😭😭
Me too. Gave a dislike for the incorrect map.
@@therealist7327💯
Agree💯
Same here,rather one dislike too
3:28 the map of india is very wrong please change it - you have litrally cut of kashmir fully ?? 😥
Thank you for raising the concern. Unfortunately it is not possible to edit the video after upload. I have removed the mentioned segments and left only the map from Wikipedia.
@@atomicblender Will be glad if you show the correct map. Also Glad you addressed this quickly , unlike many other pesky youtubers.
@@atomicblender Wikipedia cannot be used as an authentic source, pls refer to the govt websites - happy to help in that regard!
Very sad that u used wrong Map. Not good.
3:28 , this is not the map of my country Bharat!!!, correct it!!!!!!
Thank you for raising the concern. Unfortunately it is not possible to edit the video after upload. I have removed the mentioned segments and left only the map from Wikipedia.
It's India ....😅
It's mostly correct, when it comes to control only the regions controlled can be yours. Claimed is therefore different colour. Except for arunachal pradesh.. that has no basis for contest
And its not bharath its India
@@abi3751 in construction it is said as Bharat that is India, that's why
I believe this has been commented already but, don't show something and blur the information. It makes people feel as if they are missing information. If you say "3 step plan" you can show three circles to represent the steps but, you're better off leaving them blank than blurring them. Like I said, when it's blurred people see that information is intended to be there but, obscured from them. If you don't need to convey the information within the circle at that moment leave it blank instead.
Step 1, collect underwear.
Thanks and good point! I'll do that the next time so it looks better
Homibhabha is known for breeder reactors, just i remembered.🇮🇳🇮🇳
Good video but you need to show the Indian map properly, with Kashmir.
Thank you for raising the concern. Unfortunately it is not possible to edit the video after upload. I have removed the mentioned segments and left only the map from Wikipedia.
@@atomicblender nice reason. Your typical western narrative is already set right? Also, Arunachal Pradesh too dude! Tomorrow if China claims entire India what will you show then? Have some logic besides emotions too.
@@atomicblenderplease do proper research before using country maps, we have lost so many of our soldiers defending those lines. 🇮🇳
Any reason why Kashmir is not shown as part of India? When you are on explaining that, could you also explain why half of Kashmir is part of China? I would really love the legal explanation.
Thank you for raising the concern. Unfortunately it is not possible to edit the video after upload. I have removed the mentioned segments and left only the map from Wikipedia.
@@atomicblender no worries my friend.
Bro he is not Indian and hence not bound by Indian parliament resolutions and constitutionalities. Please stop being this rude and don't scold 3rd parties for not taking your side, the point is POK and some areas are beyond line of control literally. People of that part don't operate under Indian laws, it's not the fault of Wikipedia or the guy making this video.
@@Pankaj.6.4 it is the youtuber who is being rude here who hasn't done proper research about India's correct map and post something wrong map of India. If he wants to make a video on India it's basic courtesy to use the correct map of India, nobody has forced him to make videos related to India
@@Pankaj.6.4but his videos are being watched here in India.. So ,he should show correct map..
In second stage of Indian Nuclear program Fast breeder reactor uses nuclear waste+ plutonium+thorium= electricity +U233( that is thorium) + plutonium This reactor produce 120 % of nuclear fuel then how much it consume to produce electricity. One more thing this reactor use nuclear waste and plutonium to produce energy and convert thorium into U233. This is not like any other fast breeder reactor (FBRs)& fast reactor. It's something different
India's first nuclear reactor came from the US in 1954 from the atoms for peace program.
Yes, and they used it to make a bomb
@@jonathangratus233 Those bombs are indeed for peace. India didn't use them on any country unlike the US.
That was a research reactor.
Which was lost in Himalayas
@@mariussorohan938because china had already made a bomb and which forced india to make one
Disliked due to wrong map
Thanks for considering my suggestion Michael. ❤
CANDU heavy water reactors can run on thorium.
India successfully test the pfbr now .. US denied gps - we develop Navic Denied for joining NSG group - we develop pfbr . Rotten food given in famine- we are now staple food producing country.. It is story of oldest civilization that now reclaiming after so much oppression.
As a Indian I wish we have more Thorium Reactors day by day 🙏🏻💯☢️. Finally Unlimited source of energy for us with abundant amount of Thorium ✅
Not unlimited...just some centuries
@@JoyP09 even 5 centuries of energy will give us some time to locate and develop alternative sources of energy.
@@kishaloyb.7937 This I agree with
Actually it's somewhat unlimited because a breeder reactor occur by cycle of converting uranium to thorium and vice versa @@JoyP09
@@JoyP09Well 1 century is more than enough to become a superpower
Awesome information.. thankyou ❤
Really like your video much excited for it's completion India must innovate as they are already 5 or 4th largest economy
Just to inform you my friends, India has successfully achieved the 2nd stage breeder reactor. It's done. We are moving to commercialise it and third stage. It's no more pipe dream. Second stage is DONE.
Its Thorium reactor extremely complex technology India super close to conclude. India already has Indian and Foreign sourced Nuclear reactor but Thorium reactor is new tech for whole world.
Whenever I hear project delays in Bharat, i only think of lack of intent in the bureaucrats and fund problems. There are many talented geniuses in india, sadly we are unable to put all the necessary resources together.
Not true in this particular case. It is the nature of the technology itself that is causing the delays here. It is the same in ISRO and DRDO. Both of them also suffer many delays. But when BARC, ISRO, DRDO and CSIR (the four premier R&D agencies of India) get going, they really get going. Over the past several decades of failed or delayed projects, enough experience has been built up to the point that going forward into the future, these four will begin to compete with global R&D efforts and that is when the bureaucratic bottlenecks will rear their ugly head.
We have entered the 2nd stage, meaning we have completed the 2nd stage.
indias nuclear project is delay because of assassination of our nuclear scientists
Great video. Love from India🇮🇳
Thanks for information...
There is a one question I want to ask Why India make nuclear bomb in first place ❓ Ans: in 1971 one of the puppet States of USA . Military massacre innocent civilians and impression the elected government and takeover by the military USA support that. In Desember that puppet state attacked India and India retaliate and make that nation into two parts in just 13 days USA try to use nuclear weapons. main point is India have a capacity to make nuclear bomb in just 18 months our nuclear scientist already announced that but our prime minister against the weaponizing of nuclear power but when USA try to use nuclear weapons against India 1972 our prime minister Indira Gandhi give green signal to nuclear weapons . CIA assassinated that nuclear scientist of India in 1966 but our research is already completed and we make nuclear weapon in just two years and tested . USA know that our nuclear program against them. EDIT: Form then CIA start assassinating Indian Nuclear scientist & give money to women to file false sexual assault case against them. In second stage of nuclear program in India,The fast breeder reactor uses plutonium & nuclear waste with thorium and produce plutonium and uranium 233. The plutonium that is produced in fast breeder reactor is more plutonium than the reactor consum& generate electricity and uranium 233.
Thanks for letting me know this info brother
I'd also expect India figuring out that Pakistan had a bomb program of its own made them make a bomb too. India and Pakistan are in constant cold war style conflict.
And the fact that the Chongs had nukes of their own.
It is not ordinary sand but thorium rich sand. We heard about Indian Scientists working to harness nuclear energy from Thorium rich sands way back in 1968-69 in BHU from Prof. P.K .Jena , who was then in short deputation to Metallurgy Dept.of BHU from BARC. Prof Jena also told us to our question (in 1968-69) that we had a nuclear device with an affirmative smile .
Great video mate, very well researched and awesome production quality for a relatively small channel..I am subbed now
Much appreciated! Thank you so so much and I'm glad you enjoyed
Thorium molten salt reactors would be a good way to produce power. Inherently safe, and allowing continuous extraction of products (both waste and useful) during operation.
11:35 Its not like we are not having private sectors working on those R&D , In-fact some of our R&D must be from private companies because we spent quite less on R&d as per our GDP .
Thanks for such an informative video.
Love from india ❤😊
Its official. India has achieved this milestone now.
Don't show me a bulleted list, or a three circle summary, and then have it all blurred out! You've done it like four times already in the first 5 minutes. WTF?F?F?
India started fuel loading in fast breeder reactor (not the prototype one) in March 24.
Nice Video. you've got a new subscriber
nice video thankyou from India
Just watched your video on busting myths about THORIUM. In one section you said that U233 formed from thorium can be extracted to be used as potential nuclear weapons ( already tested by USA in Operation Teapot-MET). But I have read some articles and seen some videos where it says that U233 also has some U232 which acts as a poison in two ways. 1st U232 has Gamma radiation making its very difficult to handle and it can also lead to Pre-detonation. Also it is very difficult to separate U233 and U232. Although another way to get pure U233(without U232) is to Extract the Practinium Pa233 which forms from beta decay of Thorium in reactor. This extracted Practinium Pa233 can further beta decay outside the reactor to form pure U233. Could you please clarify.
I♥️INDIA
The map you have used is wrong, complete states of Jammu and Kashmir have been erased. Please correct this ASAP. The correct map is at 1.24, maps at 3.28 and 4.06 should be updated.
The map at 4:06 is from Wikipedia and demarcates the disputed areas in accordance with the UN recognized boundaries. I have removed the other two segments.
Thanks. Appreciate your quick reply.
@@atomicblender UN was not even born 5K years ago, Kashmir is been our part of civilisation since then.
The most complex stage 2, successfully completed👍
When ???? Sir
@@AdityaKumar-tuvrsv March 2023
Could you do a video on the experimental concept of liquid core or gas core nuclear reactors, since it something not a lot of people know about
4:30 Th 232 -> U 233 would be more accurate, the final fuel the thorium is converted to is U233 and not U238
Oops. I just added the same comment. I should have looked further into the comments. 🙂
Damn this is one of the most comprehensive videos I've seen on the Indian nuclear program. Thank you for making this! You've just earned yourself a new subscriber :)
March 5,2024 india successful achieved all the goals of stage 2 of nuclear program ✌🏻
Update - second stage (fast breeder reactor is now complete ) 🥳🥳 now we are going to work on final stage
Wish to see the completion of this reactor finally. China has two versions of 4th generation nuclear reactor in operation. One of them is the thorium nuclear reactor in Wuwei city of Gansu province.
Second stage already completed, just the final stage left now
Actually India just commissioned its first commerical Thorium reactor, couple of months ago.. India is only the second country in the world to have this tech... India will be operationalizing many more PFBR reactors using this template as a part of the 2nd stage of its 3 stage program.
Fuel loading operation already initiated for PFBR on March 2024. I wish the reactor achieve criticality by year end. There is an Indian American whose company recently patented HALEU concoction using Uranium and Thorium that can be used in existing PHWRs available in India.
I hope our govt makes atleast 20 more such reactors across the country including renewable sources already making it energy exporter in the world after satisfying indias growing demands.
Awesome I have heard a lot of stuff about thorium reactors since my school chemistry teacher first told us .. But it’s been 14 years since and I thought we would already be operating at least one 😮 Can’t fathom the delays of a lifetime these projects have
3:54 map correction required.
Patience, perseverance and persistence are the key attributes of soldiers and scientists among other fields - failures are stepping stones to success from ISRO to nuclear energy 👏🏻👍👌
First correct the map of India then think about viewership from India.
Thank you for raising the concern. Unfortunately it is not possible to edit the video after upload. I have removed the mentioned segments and left only the map from Wikipedia.
Im not a science guy but video was awesome and i learned many new things so, Thank you
informative video
The problem is not with intention technology or Engineering the problem is with the political leadership of India which don't have the balls to give it a green light...Even the current leadership was hesitant till now, I don't know the inside politics but about one thing I am pretty sure the current Indian government is aware that their Paris climate agreement ambitions are not going to fulfill before deadline by solar energy but with Cleaner Nuclear Energy...
Finanly we are doing something cutting edge on our own
The prototype FBR is ready.
Thanks for featuring India 🇮🇳
India is working on a reactor cycle that will cut down on nuclear waste significantly, the heavy water reactors use uranium to produce electricity and the byproducts will be used in 2nd stage in fast breeder reaction the byproduct of that will be used in thorium based 3rd stage that in turn will generate Uranium 233 which can be again used as a source for power generation or a nuke. Each step in the process also generating electricity in the process.
Regarding using more thorium, I'd like to hear your take on Clean Core Thorium ANEEL (Th+HALEU). Yeah, I know HALEU Is a dependency. But since the new advanced micro-reactor designs depend on it, I expect the supply chains will build out (e.g. for US). This along with wanting less dependence on Russia.
The USA perfected the breeder thorium fuel cycle for PWR power plants in the 1960's and also built 4 purpose built thorium fuel cycle commercial power plants in the 1960's - 1970's. While 3 of 4 power plants were technological flops, a major issue identified at the time was that it cost significantly more to refine thorium ore into nuclear power plant fuel than it does for uranium (and it was not even close - and the economics did not change when they studied scaling it up to supply the entire USA reactor fleet). Just on economics alone uranium won out. I have seen nothing to suggest that has changed. The PWR is the most common nuclear power plant in the world (and gaining) as many decades of operation has shown it to be the most cost effective long term. The vast majority of PWR reactors in the world could be running on thorium today if it was cheaper than uranium. Likely about half would be running on thorium if it was essentially cost competitive. I have no idea why India did not build PWRs and be running thorium breeder cycles with it.
I think the US (and others) now have some motivation for HALEU, which opens up a lot of alternate designs. In my opinion, thorium's best quality is that it is simply an alternate fuel to uranium -- not necessarily cheaper or better. For India, it makes a ton of sense since they have a lot of thorium. For other countries, thorium will probably remain a niche fuel source, but we'll see!
Ii hope breathtaking advancements in wind solar and batteru technologies doesnt make all this redundant
Bruh potiential in nuclear in much more , we just all trying to learn the secrets of the universe
Nuclear is still needed for other things 😏.
India map is wrong us world map
Thanks for your comment. Please note the disclaimer in the video description regarding the maps.
Now I am curious if you could actually do your breeding in a CANDU style reactor. Say, make your fuel rods out of Thorium and continually move them into the center of the reactor as they get converted to Uranium-233. Not sure if it would be as efficient, but in my eyes, the less handling and reprocessing, the better.
Yes, A CANDU reactor can be used to produce U233 from thorium, and also can run as a breeder reactor once the thorium is seeded with U233, U235 (bomb grade) or Pu239. India has the Pu239. I don't understand why they have not been running their heavy water reactors on thorium. Nor can I understand why they did not build light water reactors with thorium breeding fuel cycles. The USA perfected the breeder thoriium core for PWRs in the 1960s when they thought that thorium was a realistic possibility for our nuclear power plant futures (and the USA actually built 4 commercial thorium cycle nuclear power plants in the 1960's - 1970's).
@@perryallan3524 thanks, I figured. I'm a pro nuclear Canadian, CANDU is a point of pride to me with all of its design advantages. I knew a US nuclear company was working on thorium fuel rod designs, just wasn't fully certain on the breeder aspect.
Yep, CANDU has been shown to work with thorium to breed fuel. Actually, it's already very efficient with U-238 converting to plutonium. India is also working on an advanced HWR that's intended to work with about 40% thorium (sort of a parallel path if the PFBR takes too long).
Soviets were the first to officially set the goal of perpetuum mobile nuclear fuel breeding, and russians are still on track, but they never set target date - no ambitious state target budget - no rush (look for the alternative meaning of Russian "распил").
After today news , I request you to make another updated video and give us an estimated time to finish this Project...
India needs to now step up and build itself. Not just what the world has but what we can have according to our needs and in the best interest of the world. We have one of the worlds best if not the best culture that has its uniqueness to progress. If India has its own ears and eyes for its culture we may be very much less depended on the world.
Such as good information for me love from india
Let's wait for another 3/4years in this matter some thing great will come out of it then we will have to reverse the fuel production process in which how to use U233 with U238 for next type of fuel generation to speed up the nuclear power production in India and world as a market leader for a common nuclear fuel for Thorium as well as Uranium 238reactors
Science is like harrypotter magic in this universe, the only thing is it require more maths & geometry lol
Excellent
Please more about cost of these government program and projects
I am already working❤❤ 2*700 mw nuclear power project in all sections for 5 years
The cost of bringing a nuclear plant online is finance for the wait as even the experimental though relatively understood breeder reactors are unreliable and frequently run below capacity even after 20 years. The sodium breeder reactors are very problematic as the sodium can explode in water, frequently bursting into flame when exposed to moisture in air. The U.S. EBR1 had a meltdown. Whatever they say about their ambitions, it seems they are successful in breeding U238 into plutonium and making bombs. Thorium appears to be a cover story, as the cost of publicly available and cheap U238 which has a much better cross section in a sodium fast breeder reactor is primarily being utilized.
Sorry for any comments regarding map from India. Hope you will understand.
When it comes to the NUCLEAR⚛️☢️ POWER, one must need to be patient, thoughtful, alert, conscious & wise enough to find creative ways to solve any particular issue. 👉 I'm well aware that Indians are good at maths, infrastructure, engineering, science & computers that's why I'm pretty much sure that they'll gonna turn an almost impossible task into a possible one.
This is newtechnology india has built normal water cooled reactors on time and cheaper than wedt
It all starts with Dr. Homi Bhabha's legendary vision
The NGOs that are at the centre of the latest action haven't been named, but they are believed to be those associated with Bishop Yvon Ambroise , the Tuticorin church leader, who has been active in mobilising popular support for the protests at Kudankulam.29 Feb 2012
Pro tip dont reply every comment regarding other issues some people will always be unhappy
Even if it worked it wouldn't rival would which is powered India for at least 6,000 years.
Ur really AnALYsis Indian sincintist Work on thorium. In India thorium is huge amount in south India. Jay hind Jay Bharat mata 🙏🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳
now I know what to do in my masters
Skip da ad 3:28
Modi hai to mumkin hai😊 We will make sure sooner or later.... both fast breeder reactor as well as Kaveri Engine😊
Gaining the achievement is something to be proud of, but being a leader (for 1,000 years) for a technologies other nations are about to be beyond soon (fussion/fision) is nothing to be really proud of.
First of all you must correct map of India and second thing we are developing our own technology so it may take time but we are on progress and soon we will have our very own technology in every sector so don't worry about us we know very well what we are doing.
Thorium is the future and we have plenty.
USA after killing Indians major nuclear scientist:- 00:01
❤❤❤
In India can grow any plant 🌱 that’s the power of sand in India
India has unlimited access to uranium now with the advent of economically extracted unlimited Uranium from seawater. This makes the complex/expensive India plan totally unnecessary for India. India needs to reevaluate their plan & great simplify it!
Indian 3-stage plan also takes care of most radioactive nuclear waste that your plan seems to not take care of. Only thing that will make India stop this plan is Fusion becoming competitive.
What about all the Nuclear waste from that that seawater Uranium?! 💁♂️🤔
Stage 2 successfully achived 2 months ago
You used wrong map of India. Corrrect it.
Thank you for raising the concern. Unfortunately it is not possible to edit the video after upload. I have removed the mentioned segments and left only the map from Wikipedia.
@@atomicblender Kashmir is a matter of Indian national integrity .. and using inaccurate maps is going to get flagged down more as Indians become aware and vocal on YT.
U233 not U238
Well, in any case India is way ahead of other countries in this field.