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Origin of the Great Lakes: a Geology Field Trip

polýMATHY
2024 ж. 18 Мам.
9 035 Рет қаралды
Жүктеу

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The Great Lakes look more like seas than lakes, but in fact hold 20% of the world's fresh water! How did they form, and where did their beaches and sand dunes come from? Let's learn about the fascinating tectonic and glacial geology that formed these incredible features of the North American continent.
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Intro and outro music: Overture of Die Zauberflöte (The Magic Flute) by Mozart
This video was sponsored by Brilliant.
00:00 Intro
00:29 A failed ocean?
01:48 Indiana Dunes National Park
02:33 Ice Ages
02:57 Isostatic Rebound
03:44 Where did the sand dunes come from?
07:56 Climbing the dunes
09:31 The way beaches used to look
10:40 Will the Lakes dissapear?
11:58 Outtakes
#greatlakes #geology #nature

Пікірлер

  • To try everything Brilliant has to offer - free - for a full 30 days, visit brilliant.org/polyMATHY . The first 200 of you will get 20% off Brilliant’s annual premium subscription.

    @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

    • Did you say something about enjoying linear algebra? I have nightmares from that class in college! But that's because of the awful teacher who taught way above our heads. Brilliant's _got_ to be better than him!

      @am2dan@am2dan6 ай бұрын

    • @@am2dan I had a helluva time in different math classes due to the pedagogical incompetence of the teachers involved, whereas others were tremendous teachers. Thus I do very sincerely recommend Brilliant, which has been filling in these old gaps for me.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • As a Michigan native our Lakes have given me a severe misunderstanding of what the word "Lake" means to the rest of the world. Lol The thing about the glaciers is actually one of the things we learned in school. Or at least I did some odd decades ago. If you go out into the middle of Lake Michigan you won't see land on either side, it's crazy.

    @Snow-Willow@Snow-Willow6 ай бұрын

    • Michiganders unite! My friends and I call them the freshwater or sweatwater seas (old French names for them) because that's how they function. They're lakes in the same way a tomato is a fruit; technically and scientifically true yes, but you don't throw tomatoes in a fruit salad and you don't treat these waters like a lake, you sail them like the sea.

      @ScholeionHistory@ScholeionHistory6 ай бұрын

    • I'm from Wisconsin and I know exactly what you mean. It's interesting having grown up taking the size of the Great Lakes for granted and then seeing everyone else be shocked by it

      @XISCify@XISCify6 ай бұрын

    • As a recent visitor, I do find the Great Lakes quite shocking for being so immense and sea-like. I love them.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Always amuses me when people don't understand how big the Great Lakes actually are, that we have actual beach towns with piers and marinas. Like just look at a map, their the size of your country. They're slightly bigger than the "lakes" you guys can swim across to the other side.

    @archon8519@archon85196 ай бұрын

    • Indeed!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • When I lived in TN as a kid I used to like going to construction sites where they were excavating. Like, if they were digging through a hill to put in a highway, you'd find tons of fossils. You could see all the layers of time. Geology is fun. It also left our area in TN with lots of caves.

    @DrewTrox@DrewTrox6 ай бұрын

    • I love finding fossils like that.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • I appreciate the Star Trek TNG Mark Twain clips. Vale!

    @nonnobis2232@nonnobis22326 ай бұрын

    • Very glad you appreciated those! 🖖

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

    • @@polyMATHY_Luke vivat et bene sit tibi

      @nonnobis2232@nonnobis22326 ай бұрын

  • IIrc out in Lake Huron there is a submerged hunting camp, with cave-painting-like carvings of mammoths.

    @gcanaday1@gcanaday15 ай бұрын

  • Thanks for making this video on an underappreciated geologic feature! Personally I really recommend fossil hunting on the shore of Lake Michigan, I’ve found dozens of Silurian crinoids there and even some brachiopods

    @TransSappho@TransSappho6 ай бұрын

    • That reminds me actually, I feel like there’s a great opportunity in doing a video about the etymologies of geologic periods. It’s fun learning the places they’re named after

      @TransSappho@TransSappho6 ай бұрын

    • I wouldn't call the great lakes underappreciated 😂 they're like one of the most important physical features in north america

      @sereysothe.a@sereysothe.a6 ай бұрын

    • @@sereysothe.a they’re definitely appreciated, I’m just saying most people don’t know about their geologic history

      @TransSappho@TransSappho6 ай бұрын

    • Thanks for the fossil suggestion!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

    • Etymology of geological periods is coming up.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Wonderful video, your mention of significant erosion got me thinking about the concern up here in Michigan. People are losing their houses to erosion along Lake Michigan's shoreline right now. It made local news a few times while I was living in the Grand Rapids area. Definitely not something most people think of

    @ianmann735@ianmann7356 ай бұрын

    • That's true! I personally have nothing against human habitation, though I can't help but recognise the effect it has at accelerating change such as at beaches.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Good video! I went to university in Edinboro, only about 15 minutes from Lake Erie, so we all hung out there a lot and there were seagulls and goose droppings everywhere! And we'd be buried by "lake effect" snow in the winters, but I love NW PA regardless of these things! Good memories of geology class there, as well, though I didn't major or minor in that.

    @ancientromewithamy@ancientromewithamy6 ай бұрын

  • 6:56 Any guesses where this is? (It'll be in a future geology video!)

    @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

    • The Badlands? I had no idea but when you mentioned the Badlands later in the video, they looked similar!

      @jona.scholt4362@jona.scholt43624 ай бұрын

  • I thoroughly enjoy your geological videos. I have spent my entire life in the Great Lakes region and enjoy hearing you talk about my home.

    @allanlank@allanlank6 ай бұрын

    • It's such a beautiful place! Like you heard in the video, it was my first time, but I'd love to go back.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • As a viewer from NWI I appreciate the love for the Great Lakes! One small thing: I believe the Great Lakes hold about 21% of the world's surface freshwater. There's a bunch bunch more freshwater in aquifers.

    @joebarrera334@joebarrera3346 ай бұрын

    • Ah, that is a good distinction

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Hello from southwestern Ontario. The Great Lakes are home. 💙

    @Sibbille@Sibbille5 ай бұрын

  • thx for that vid!👍

    @zfranky@zfranky6 ай бұрын

    • Thanks for watching!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Fascinating! 🎉

    @zilkmusik7652@zilkmusik76523 ай бұрын

    • Thanks!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke3 ай бұрын

  • You say the Great Lakes do not have significant waves! Clearly, you have never been out on the open lake, especially during a storm! I live on Georgian Bay (Canada) and we get some pretty awesome (and powerful) wave action!!

    @brettbarager9101@brettbarager910111 күн бұрын

    • Well said! 🌊

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke10 күн бұрын

  • I like this series of videos. It's really nice!

    @WolfgangSourdeau@WolfgangSourdeau6 ай бұрын

    • Thanks! More to come

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Geologists love Lake Superior for it’s rocky shores.

    @kurtrosenthal6313@kurtrosenthal63136 ай бұрын

  • Everything is big in America🤠

    @francisdec1615@francisdec16156 ай бұрын

  • So giant lakes that they look like seas. Astounding.

    @pile333@pile3336 ай бұрын

  • Great and fascinating video! Yay for the Great Lakes. I go to Lake Michigan quite often. It’s good to see you in my neighborhood!

    @jasonbaker2370@jasonbaker23706 ай бұрын

    • Thanks, Jason! It’s a beautiful place

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Conteúdo incrível! Adoro a forma que você consegue contar uma história, nos prende bem ao tema, assistiria seus vídeos por horas sem cansar. Abraços do Brasil

    @JoaoVitor-ib9ip@JoaoVitor-ib9ip6 ай бұрын

    • Obrigado!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Interesting

    @TheStickCollector@TheStickCollector6 ай бұрын

  • I had a good time at Indiana dunes when i lived in Chicago Just be careful with falling into sand caves especially on Mt. Baldy.

    @xochiltepetzalailhuicamina2322@xochiltepetzalailhuicamina23226 ай бұрын

    • Good warning!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • From the shores of Lake Erie, welcome! 😊

    @Antaios632@Antaios6326 ай бұрын

  • Molto interessante e chiaro. Timbro della voce narrante 🔝👏

    @annamariapegoiani3747@annamariapegoiani37476 ай бұрын

    • Grazie!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • May I suggest taking a look at Niels Steensen (Steno) in Latin? He did some important early work in geology.

    @peterfireflylund@peterfireflylund6 ай бұрын

    • Thanks for the recommendation!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Bravo Luke ❤😮

    @ilarialapreziosa@ilarialapreziosa6 ай бұрын

    • Grazie, Ilaria!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Brilliant is fun for how interactive it is. I did it for a while for the logic puzzles and stuff.

    @DrewTrox@DrewTrox6 ай бұрын

    • Yeah I love it personally

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Estes assuntos são fascinantes.

    @user-sb8oi4fc5c@user-sb8oi4fc5c6 ай бұрын

  • Queuing up to watch, but you're so brave to use this as the thumbnail knowing the kind of comments you'll get. Hopefully the video is as incredible as you are Luke 😍😍

    @cTc10691@cTc106916 ай бұрын

    • Thanks! Bravo to use this thumbnail? What’s peculiar about it?

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

    • Because the guns are out and some of us are very thirsty 💪

      @cTc10691@cTc106916 ай бұрын

  • My family has lived just 30 miles south of the Great Lake Erie for countless generations so I'm somewhat familiar with the topic. This was still an enjoyable presentation.

    @Agriking@Agriking6 ай бұрын

    • Thank you!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Interesting! I didn't know they were that deep, nor that they formed from a failed rifting event. I thought they were very shallow not-yet-risen areas depressed by the ice sheet. Like 10-20 m deep... I grew up not far from a failed rift, the Oslo Graben, as it is called. It was a Carboniferous/Permian event. Still quite geologically active, with frequent minor earthquakes. Small on a global scale, but big for our geologically quiescent part of the world, with magnitudes up to near 6, but rarely above 2-3.

    @mytube001@mytube0016 ай бұрын

    • Beautiful!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • wow, Time's Arrow is a deep cut.

    @that44rdv4rk@that44rdv4rk6 ай бұрын

    • Thanks for appreciating that.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • For Great Lakes pt 2, wear a Great Lakes, NO SALT, NO SHARKS t-shirt and film both the Sleeping Bear Dunes (more dramatic than Indiana Dunes) and some of the Rocky Superior shore line.

    @billstrong4814@billstrong48146 ай бұрын

    • Haha nice suggestion!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • In some areas the seagulls are more afraid of people than others, normally depending on if there's a walmart parking lot within 40 miles.

    @Makaneek5060@Makaneek50603 ай бұрын

  • Really interesting. I am reminded of how glaciation killed off earthworms in parts of North America, resulting in forests with deep leaf litter and specialized flora and fauna. However anglers, throwing way unused bait, have allowed earthworms to return and munch on the leaf litter, resulting in drastic changes to the ecosystem.

    @hiberniancaveman8970@hiberniancaveman89706 ай бұрын

    • Wow! I had no idea

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Damn! As the previous commenter on the Niagara Fall's video asking for an in depth explanation of why the great lakes exist, I can't believe it didn't even occur to me that rifting is the obvious answer. Why obvious? Because I am a LITERAL resident of the Saint-Lawrence rift, of which I'm very aware of. Montreal has even been having relatively frequent earthquakes in the last few years due to our positioning at the intersection of the Saint-Lawrence and Ottawa grabens. Upon further reading, it seems that the Ottawa graben extends right to lake Nipissing, where the town of North Bay is about all that separates Lake Nipissing from flowing into the Ottawa river instead of only heading toward lake Huron. A liiiittle more rifting and maybe we could've had an alternate island southern Ontario... How freaking cool would that be! In fact, it appears that this was actually a previous phenomenon before the lakes reached their current levels. Apparently, for around 6000 years the Great Lakes also drained into the Ottawa river through its Mattawa river tributary.

    @isimerias@isimerias6 ай бұрын

    • That would be very cool! Wow, I didn't know that.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Hey Luke. So, here's a suggestion for a video: *_Acronyms, a spreading disease since 1879._* According to the New York TImes _the first known acronyms (as opposed to plain old initialisms) cropped up in the telegraphic code developed by Walter P. Phillips for the United Press Association in 1879. The code abbreviated “Supreme Court of the United States” as SCOTUS and “President of the...” as POT, giving way to POTUS by 1895._ Btw, If it was SCOTOS (ΕΡΕΒΟΣ στα Αρχαία Ελληνικά) I would worry that Πλούτων is making a come back. *EDIT:* not to mention that the acronym of _'President of the'_ is ....pot. So, I was watching a video about Mars' storms and suddenly I got hit by an acronym. The uploader mentioned on the video: _'Scientists can measure the availability of sunlight on Mars using Aerosol Optical Depth, or AOD...'_ I Googled for _AOD_ and found *the following:* always-on display (AOD), Alcohol and Other Drug, Age of Destruction, Army Ordnance Department, Animation On Display, et.c., but I didnt found _Aerosol Optical Depth._ Acronyms are a disease especially in the US. Think about it and dont forget the famous scene from the movie Good Morning Vietnam.

    @papertoyss@papertoyss6 ай бұрын

  • 10:58 the flow of the niagara river has been reduced by man, so is it still strong enough?

    @mito88@mito886 ай бұрын

    • Yes, I talk about it here: kzhead.info/sun/ot2lpM-oi1-piWg/bejne.htmlsi=FDpQ-8ZHOaHNHuoC

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Great video. Are you familiar with the shipwrecks? Most noteworthy, the Edmund Fitzgerald. (Lake Superior)

    @user-uc1yb7hy2n@user-uc1yb7hy2n6 ай бұрын

    • What about Luke and Ask a Mortician making a video together? 🧐

      @francisdec1615@francisdec16156 ай бұрын

    • I had no idea about the Edmund Fitzgerald! wow, what a coincidence with the date.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

    • @@polyMATHY_Luke Amazing timing indeed. Pictured rocks national lakeshore and Mackinac Island are also worth checking out. Ο Θεός να ευλογεί.

      @user-uc1yb7hy2n@user-uc1yb7hy2n6 ай бұрын

  • Sunt lacūs multī in tellūre. Magnī Lacūs autem magnum valent. Lūcius nōs rēs mīrificās semper docet.

    @impCaesarAvg@impCaesarAvg6 ай бұрын

  • Why isn't anyone commenting on how buff you became?

    @tanhuichuin9696@tanhuichuin96966 ай бұрын

    • That's nice of you to say. I'm not in especially good shape at all; it's just the camerawoman who makes me look good.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Dude what happened to the stache??

    @fallowfieldoutwest@fallowfieldoutwest6 ай бұрын

    • It’ll be back

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

    • The stache doesn't look very Greek or Roman, since those guys usually either were clean shaven or had full beards. It looks a bit like sheriffs used to look in the Old West, though 🤠

      @francisdec1615@francisdec16156 ай бұрын

  • Now do it again, but in Latin or Greek. or at least with the subtitles.

    @pArApApArAs@pArApApArAs6 ай бұрын

    • That is coming.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Haha, technically, a glacier *is* a body of water (8:42) :-)

    @WolfgangSourdeau@WolfgangSourdeau6 ай бұрын

    • Haha, well, water can either mean H2O or only the liquid state of H2O. The latter is intended here.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

    • @@polyMATHY_Luke I know, I like to be annoying with useless details in a geeky way sometimes. ;-)

      @WolfgangSourdeau@WolfgangSourdeau6 ай бұрын

    • @@polyMATHY_Luke out of context : when will you do a video about the wonderful "Die Zauberflöte" opera?

      @WolfgangSourdeau@WolfgangSourdeau6 ай бұрын

    • Some day no doubt!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • Πολύ ενδιαφέρον που το κανάλι αναλύει τόσα θέματα

    @user-tl9qm3qu3v@user-tl9qm3qu3v6 ай бұрын

    • Ευχαριστώ!

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • global warning created the takes great.

    @mito88@mito886 ай бұрын

  • Hmmmmmm I don’t know if I’d describe Lake Erie as “Great”…definitely the worst of the 5

    @janmelantu7490@janmelantu74906 ай бұрын

    • Haha that may be! I sure was impressed by it though.

      @polyMATHY_Luke@polyMATHY_Luke6 ай бұрын

  • I knew that already. Silly

    @Postmortumaz@Postmortumaz6 ай бұрын

  • Erosion: Terrain robbery.

    @pierreabbat6157@pierreabbat61576 ай бұрын

  • It's chilly. No

    @jsphfalcon@jsphfalcon6 ай бұрын

    • As someone who swims in the Lake Huron and Michigan as well as the Aegean in the summer...it's not chilly. In August and September it's just as warm as in Greece.

      @achilleuspetreas3828@achilleuspetreas38286 ай бұрын

  • 😂 the earth is no longer a molten magnetic core, now it’s frozen hydrogen. Magnets lose all magnetism at the curie point. The deepest hole ever dug is 7 miles. Cool story bro 😎 stick to Latin.

    @bencornwell6209@bencornwell62096 ай бұрын
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